高中英语-Unit1-Friendship-Period-4-Grammar优秀教师版教学案-新人教版必修1

PAGEPAGE7用心爱心专心Unit1FriendshipPeriod4Grammar(DirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech(Ⅰ)整体设计从容说课Thisisthefourthteachingperiodofthisunit.Totestwhetherthestudentshavegraspedtheimportantanddifficultlanguagepointstheylearnedinthelastperiod,theteachershouldfirstofferthemsomerevisionexercises.Thisteachingperiodisagrammarlesson.ThestudentsareexpectedtomakeclearthedifferencesbetweenDirectSpeechandIndirectSpeechandgraspthemainusagesoftheminthisperiod.Studentsoftenfeelgrammarveryabstractandboring,soitisnecessarytomaketheclasslivelyandinteresting.Examplesentencesandgrammarsummaryshouldbecarefullydesignedsoastomakeiteasyforstudentstounderstandandaccept.Inthislesson,wewillfirstofferasupposedsituationandmakethestudentslearnaboutthedifferencesbetweenDirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech.ThesituationmakesstudentsknowthatwhentalkinginourdailylifesometimeswehavegottouseDirectSpeechandsometimeswealsoneedtouseIndirectSpeech.Thisistohelpthemtohavethesensetoconnectgrammarformwithrealsituationsinourdailylife.Ifwewanttoexpressourselvesclearlyandcorrectly,weshoulduseaproperformoflanguage,otherwiseotherscan’tunderstandus.Thatiswhyitisnecessaryforustohavesomeknowledgeingrammar.Lateron,we’llshowandexplaintherulesofthesegrammaritems,thatistosay,tomakethestudentsknowhowtochangeDirectSpeechintoIndirectSpeechandIndirectSpeechintoDirectSpeech.ThenaskthemtodoexercisesinDiscoveringusefulstructures,LearningaboutlanguageonPage5.Itwillmakethestudentsfurtherknowaboutthedifferencesandgrasptheusages.Thisalsocanhelpthestudentsconnectgrammarruleswithproperlanguageformssoastomakegrammarruleslessabstract.ThenwewillaskthestudentstodoExercise1inUsingstructuresonPage42.Ifthestudentshavedifficulty,helpthemandchecktheirmistakeswiththehelpofthegrammarrules.Tellthestudentsnotjusttolearnsomesimplegrammarrulesbuttolearnandusetheminpracticalsituations.Forexample,myfriendsays,“Iwillcomeheretomorrow.”IfusingIndirectSpeech,youcanexpressitinmanydifferentways.1.Ifatthesametimeinthesameplace,youshouldsay:Myfriendsaysshe(he)willcomeheretomorrow.2.Ifthetimehaschangedandstillinthesameplace,youshouldsay:Myfriendsaidshe(he)wouldcomeherethenextday.3.Iftheplacehaschangedandthetimeisstilltoday,youshouldsay:Myfriendsaidshe(he)wouldgotheretomorrow.4.Ifboththetimeandtheplacehavechanged,youshouldsay:Myfriendsaidshe(he)wouldgotherethenextday.5.Ifboththetimeandtheplacehavechanged,theothershouldsay:He(She)saidhe(she)wouldgotherethenextday.Ifstudentslearnthegrammarthisway,itiseasierforthemtograsp.教学重点SummarizetherulesofDirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech.教学难点Getthestudentstolearnaboutthespecialcasesinwhichthetensesshouldn’tbechanged.教学方法Discussing,summarizingandpracticing教具准备Aprojectorandothernecessaryteachingtools三维目标Knowledgeaims:GetthestudentstolearnandgrasptherulesofDirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech.Abilityaims:Getthestudentstobeabletousetherulestoexpresstheirmeaningsandretailothers’correctly.Emotionalaims:1.Getthestudentsnottobeafraidofgrammarlearning.2.Getthestudentstodeveloptheirsenseofgroupcooperation.教学过程→Step1Revision1.Checkthehomeworkexercises.2.Haveadictationtowritesomeimportantwordsandexpressions.Suggestedwordsandexpressions:upsetignoreconcernloosecheatreasonsharenaturethunderentirelygothroughhideawaycalmdownsetdowngrowcrazyaboutonpurposefacetofaceaccordingto3.Translatesomesentencesusingthepatternswehavelearned.Suggestedsentences:1）为了上课不迟到，他七点钟就出发了。(inorderto)2）小明昨天没来上学确实是因为生病了。(Itis...that...)3）这小房间里太闹。(fartoomuch)4）那是我第一次到北京。(Itis/wasthefirst/secondtime/that...)Suggestedanswers:1）Inordernottobelateforclass,hesetoffatseveno’clock./Hesetoffatseveno’clockinordernottobelateforclass.2）ItisbecausehewasillthatXiaomingdidn’tcometoschool.3）Thereisfartoomuchnoiseinthesmallroom.4）ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadbeentoBeijing.→Step2Lead-inTelltheclass:Inthelastlesson,welearnedAnneFrank’sstory.Sheistelling（2)直接引语是客观事实、真理、规律等，变成间接引语时，时态不变。Theteachertoldhisstudents,“Theearthgoesroundthesun.”→Theteachertoldhisstudentsthattheearthgoesroundthesun.（3)直接引语变间接引语时，指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。Hesaid,“Ihaven’tseenmydaughtertoday.”→Hesaidthathehadn’tseenhisdaughterthatday.注意：如果转述时就在原来的地方，就在说话的当天，就没必要改变指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等。时态变化规律表直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时一般过去时过去完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时现在完成进行时过去完成进行时一些常用词变化规律表直接引语间接引语指示代词thisthatthesethose时间状语nowthentodaythatdaytomorrowthenext(following)daynextweek/month/...thenext(following)week/month...yesterdaythedaybeforelastweek/month/...theweek/month/...beforethreedays/months/...agothreedays/month/...thisweek/month/...thatweek/month...地点herethere动词comegoOption:如果学生基础较好，语法部分也可用英语讲解。1.DirectSpeechIndirectspeech,theoriginalspeaker’sexactwordsaregivenandareindicatedbyquotationmarks.“Idon’tknowwhattodo,”saidTom.Insomegrammarbooks,“saidTom”isreferredtoasareportingclause.“Idon’tknowwhattodo,”isreferredtoasthereportedclause.2.IndirectSpeechInindirectspeech,theexactmeaningofthespeaker’swordsisgiven,buttheexactwordsarenotdirectlyquoted.Tomsaidthathedidn’tknowwhattodo.Toconvertdirectspeechintoindirectspeech:Ifthemainverbispasttense,presenttenseverbsin“thatclause”mustalsobechangedtopasttense.Tomsaidthathedidn’tknowwhattodo.Firstandsecondpersonpronounsmustbechangedtothirdpersonpronouns.Tomsaidthathedidn’tknowwhattodo.(Theword“that”canoftenbeleftout:Tomsaidhedidn’tknowwhattodo.)3.IndirectQuestionsThesamerulesapplytoindirectquestionsastoindirectstatements.Thedifferenceisthatawh-clauseisusedinsteadofathatclause.Directquestion:“DidDick’shorsewinaprize?”Owenasked.Indirectquestions:Owenaskedwhether/ifDick’shorsehadwonaprize.Directquestion:“Whywon’tyoumarryme?”askedDonald.Indirectquestion:Donaldaskedherwhyshewouldn’tmarryhim.﹡Intellingastoryorrecountingevents,aspeakerusingdirectspeechhasalltheresourcesofintonationtoproducealivelyaccount.Becauseindirectspeechisalwaysreportedbysomeoneelse,theaccountismorereservedandrestrained.“Whatshallwedo?”askedMary.“Don’tworry,Mary,”saidDick,“I’vegotaplan.”MaryaskedDickwhattheyshoulddo.Hetoldhernottoworryandthathehadgotaplan.﹡Theabilitytochangedirectspeechintoindirectspeechisausefulskillforthoseengagedintakingtheminutesofameetingorreportingonevents.Directspeech:“Firstofall,Iwouldliketothankeverybodywhohelpedwiththefair.Theresultswereverygood,andwewillnowbeabletobuytwomorecomputers.”Indirectspeech:Theprincipalsaidthathewouldliketothankeverybodywhohadhelpedwiththefair.Heannouncedthattheresultswereverygoodandthattheschoolwouldnowbeabletobuytwomorecomputers.→Step4Practice(Discoveringusefulstructures)GetthestudentstoturntoPage5.Pleasechangethefollowingdirectspeechintoindirectspeechandindirectintodirect.1.“I’mgoingtohidefromtheGermans,”Annesaid.2.“Idon’tknowtheaddressofmynewhome,”saidAnne.3.“Icannotaskmyfatherbecauseitisnotsafetoknow,”shesaid.4.“Ihadtopackupmythingsveryquickly,”thegirlsaid.5.“Whydidyouchooseyourdiaryandoldletters?”Dadaskedher.6.Mumaskedherif/whethershewasveryhotwithsomanyclotheson.7.Margotaskedherwhatelseshehadgot.8.Anneaskedherfatherwhentheywouldgobackhome.9.Anneaskedhersisterhowshecouldseeherfriends.10.MotheraskedAnnewhyshehadgonetobedsolatethenightbefore.→Step5CorrectingmistakesAnalyzethecommonmistakesstudentshavemadeduringthepractice.Letthestudentslookatthescreenandpayattentiontothesesentences.Thenchoosetherightsentenceandmakeitclearwhytheotheroneiswrong.→Step6AgamePlayaguessinggame“whoismysecretfriend?”Onestudentcomestothefrontwithhispartner.Thereststudentsaskhimquestionswhilehispartnerchangesthemintoindirectspeech.Intheend,thepersonwhohasguessedtherightanswercancometothefronttotaketheplaceofthefirststudent.Sothegamegoeson.Suggestedsentences:Canyourfriendspeak?Whatdoeshe/sheweartoday?Ishe/shetallorshort?Whatdoyouandyourfrienddoinyourfreetime?Doyouquarrelwitheachother?...→Step7WorkbookDoExercise1inUsingStructuresonPage42.HereisanotherpageofAnne’sdiary.Readitthroughandthenuseindirectspeechtoretellthestory.Iftimedoesn’tpermit,declareitashomework.Suggestedanswers:AnnesaidthattheywentquicklyupstairsandintothehidingplacewhentheyarrivedatPrinsengracht.Shesaidthattheyclosedthedoorbehindthemandtheywerealone.Shesaid(that)Margothadcomefasteronherbicycleandwasalreadywaitingforthem.Shesaid(that)alltheroomswerefullofboxesandtheylayonthefloorandthebeds.Shesaid(that)thelittleroomwasfilledwithbedclothesandtheyhadtostartclearingupatonce,iftheywishedtosleepincomfortablebedsthatnight.Annesaid(that)hermotherandMargotwerenotabletohelp.Shesaid(that)theyweretiredandlaydownontheirbeds,butherdaddyandshe,thetwo“Helpers”ofthefamily,startedatonce.Annesaid(that)theyunpackedtheboxes,filledthecupboardsandtidiedthewholeday,untiltheywereextremelytired.Shesaidtheydidsleepincleanbedsthatnight.Shesaidtheyhadn’thadanywarmfoodtoeatallday,buttheydidn’tcare.Annesaid(that)hermotherandMargotweretootiredandworriedtoeat,andherdaddyandsheweretoobusy.→Step8Homework1.FinishofftherelatedWorkbookexercises.2.ReviewandgrasptherulesofDirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech.板书设计Unit1FriendshipGrammarDirectSpeechandIndirectSpeechDirectSpeechIndirectSpeech1.Marysaid,“Iamveryhappytohelpyou.”Marysaidthatshewasveryhappytohelpyou.2.Heaskedme,“Doyoulikeplayingbasketball?”Heaskedmeif/whetherIlikedplayingbasketball.3.Mysisteraskedme,“Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?”MysisteraskedmewhatIthoughtofthefilm.4.Theteachertoldhisstudents,“Theearthgoesroundthesun.”Theteachertoldhisstudentsthattheearthgoesroundthesun.活动与探究Getthestudentstoworkingroupsoffouroutofclassanddesignaquestionnairetofindoutwhatkindoffriendsyourclassmatesare.Thepurposeofthisactivityistoencouragestudentstothinkindependentlyandactinmattersofimmediateconcernandinterest.Italsocandevelopstudents’designabilityandspiritofcooperation.SamplequestionnaireDirections:Thisquestionnairehasfourquestions.Eachquestionisfollowedbythreepossibleanswers.Pleasereadthequestions,andthenconsiderwhichresponsefitsyoubest.Questions:1.WhyamIclosefriendswiththispersonnow?A.Becausehe/sheissomeoneIreallyenjoysharingemotionsandspecialeventswith.B.BecausemyfriendwouldbeupsetifIendedtherelationship.C.Becausebeingfriendswithhim/herhelpsmefeelimportant.2.WhydoIspendtimewithmyfriend?A.Becausemyfrien