2021年辽宁省朝阳市大学英语6级大学英语六级测试卷(含答案)

2021年辽宁省朝阳市大学英语6级大学英语六级测试卷(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、1.Writing(10题)1.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledScientificBreakthroughsinChina.Youshouldwriteatleast150words

followingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

ThenumberofscientificbreakthroughsoverthepastyearsinChina(Estimated)

1.上图所示为中国近几年的科学创新情况，请描述其变化

2.请说明发生这变化的原因

3.对此进行预测

ScientificBreakthroughsinChina

2.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:SalaryorInterest.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1.1.如今大学毕业生面临的职业选择：兴趣重要还是工资重要

2.你的观点

3.结论

SalaryorInterest

3.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicMobilePhoneUsesshouldBeLimitedinLibrary.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

1.图书馆的阅览区内滥用手机的现象很普遍

2.分析此现象造成影响

3.你的建议

MobilePhoneUsesshouldBeLimitedinLibrary

4.Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicofPoorStudents'RunningErrands.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelow.

目前有些大学校园出现贫困大学生“跑腿族”

1．对于这种做法有人表示支持

2．有人并不赞成

3．我的看法

PoorStudents'RunningErrands

______

5.Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteashortessayentitledPressureinModernLife.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

1.现代生活充满压力

2.压力对人身心的影响;

3.如何缓解压力

6.Directions:Thefollowingtablegivesstatisticsshowingtheaspectsofqualityoflifeinfivecountries.Writeacompositiondescribingtheinformationinthetablebelow.Youshouldwriteatleast150words.

7.1.大量民工流入城市

2．人们对民工大量流入城市所持的不同看法

3．我的观点

RuralWorkers:AMixedBlessingfortheCity

8.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:InnovationandTradition.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.

1.目前我国十分重视创新

2．传统文化也应得到重视

3．二者之间的关系应如何处理

InnovationandTradition

9.Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledIsaDiplomaEverything?Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.

1.目前社会存在着迷信文凭现象

2．造成这一现象的原因

3．我对此的观点

IsaDiplomaEverything?

10.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicShouldEuthanasiaBeLegalized?Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.

1.安乐死应该合法化；

2．安乐死不应合法化；

3．我的观点。

ShouldEuthanasiaBeLegalized?

二、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(10题)11.

Peoplewhoworknexttoeachotherinthesameofficehavemorebutbetterinterruptionsthanthosewho______.

12.

Mothers'gettingolderand______couldalsoaccountfortheobesityepidemic.

13.

Whenthechlorophyllisdecreasing,______arethemostimportantweatherconditionsaffectthecolordisplaysofleaves.

14.Fromherresearch,SusanD.Blumsetouttounderstandthatstudentsare______.

A.havinganewunderstandingofcreatingandquoting

B.noteasytogetaccesstotheauthorship

C.onthewaytoacceptnewnotionofauthorship

D.tryingtoredefinethenotionofauthorship

15.

Birthratesdecline,andmortalityofyoungandadultsincreaseswhenthepopulationapproaches______.

16.

MarkTwain'slanguagestyle.is______.

17.

Wheredocsthecountries'differenceapproachestoIPrightsprotectionlie?

A.DesiresforIPrightsprotectionconsistent.

B.TheprocedureofobtainingIPrights.

C.Substantiverightsgranted.

D.OfficesthatgranttheIPrights.

18.

______beganin19

19.

Theonlyproblemthestudentserefacingatgraduationisthedismaljobmarket.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

WhichisoneoftheservicesofferedbyKelly?

A.TomakesureyourCVmeetstherequirements.

B.TohelpfilltheCVonline.

C.TohelphandyourCVtothecompanies.

D.Toestablishatimetableforyou.

三、3.ListeningComprehension(10题)21.听力原文：Forcenturies,parrotshavebeenprizedpetsbecauseoftheirstrangetalentforimitatinghumanspeech.Theyareabletohearvocalranges,memorizethetones,andthenrepeatwhattheyhaveheard.Oftenthisskillisusedtoentertainpeople.Butrecently,anAmazonparrot,namedBaby,wasabletoputthisabilitytoworkbyhelpingpolicebreakupagangofburglarsresponsibleforover$50,000inpropertytheft.

Babyhelpedthepolicetoidentifythegangofthieves.ArecentrobberyvictimreportedtotheBaytown,Texaspolicethatherparrot,Babystartedactingstrangelyandsayingnewphrasesaftertherobbery.Beforetherobbery,Babyhadonlyatwenty-eightvocabulary;afterwards,thebirdstartedsayingtheadditionalphrases"Comeback,Robert!"and"Comehere,Ronnie!"

Thepolicedetectivesweredelighted.Althoughonemanhadalreadybeenarrested,RonnieandRobertwerethenamesoftheirtwotopsuspectswhowerebelievedtohaveaidedthefirstman.Underquestioning,thissuspectexplainedwhathadhappened.Whentherobbersenteredthehouse,theyheardBabytalkingandthoughtthatsomeonewashome.RonnieandRobertbeganrunningaway,whilethethirdmanyelledforthemtocomeback.Babyrememberedthisincidentandrecordedtheirvoicesinhermemory.

(33)

A.Avictim.B.Apolicedetective.C.Arobber.D.Apetbird.

22.听力原文：M:IthoughtNancyandMikeweregoingtogetmarriedinJune.

W:No,that’swhenhiscousin'sweddingis.Theyaregettingmarriedthefollowingmonth.

Q:WhenareNancyandMikegettingmarried?

(15)

A.April.B.May.C.June.D.July.

23.听力原文：W:Well,Jack,IwouldofferyouanotherdrinkbutIhaveguestscomingandIhaven'tevenbeguntopreparethedinner.Thanksforstoppingby.

M:Thanksforthedrink.Ithasbeenniceseeingyoutoo.

Q:Whydidthewomanmentionherdinnerguests?

(18)

A.Toinvitethemantojointhem.

B.Tosuggestpolitelythatheleave.

C.Tooffertolethimhelpcook.

D.Toencouragehimtohaveanotherdrink.

24.(25)

A.Thechildrenaretooyoungtobenefitfromcitylife.

B.Evenadultsthemselvescannotgoeverywhereinthecity.

C.Thereisalottoseeanddoforchildrenandadults.

D.Thereisn'talottoseeanddoforchildren.

25.听力原文：W:Haveyoufinishedtheresearchpaperforpsychology?

M:Netyet,Ialwaysdon'twriteituntilthelastminute.

Q:Whatdidthemanmean?

(18)

A.Heneverdoesthingsearly.

B.Hehasalreadyfinishedit.

C.Heisn'tgoingtofinishit.

D.Hewillfinishitinafewminutes.

26.(31)

A.JohnAugustusRoeblingfellill.

B.Misfortunefellonthechiefengineer.

C.Thechiefengineerwasinshortofmoney.

D.WashingtonRoebfingmetwithanaccident.

27.(16)

A.Ridingahorse.

B.Shootingamovie.

C.Playingagame.

D.Applyforthejob

28.听力原文：M:It'salreadyeightthirty.We'llhavetohurryifwewanttocatchtheflight.

W:Well,ittakesonlyhalfanhourtogettotheairport,andtheplanedoesn'tleaveuntilninefifty.Wehaveplentyoftimetocheckin.

Q:Howmuchtimewouldbeleftforthemanandthewomantocheckinfortheflight?

(15)

A.50minutes.B.30minutes.C.25minutes.D.15minutes.

29.(26)

A.TocallDonattheendoftheafternoon.

B.TogiveDon'sstudentsthenextassignment.

C.ToputthehomeworkonDon'sdesk.

D.ToleavethemasterkeyforDon.

30.听力原文：W:WillwegettoSanFranciscobyship?

M:Ithinkso.We'llleaveLondononMonday,andwecanmakeitbyship.

Q:HowaretheygoingtoSanFrancisco?

(15)

A.TheywillsailtoSanFrancisco.

B.TheywillflytoSanFrancisco.

C.TheywilldrivetoSanFrancisco.

D.TheywilltakeatraintoSanFrancisco.

四、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(3题)31.

Tobelieveordisbelievewhatyoureadshouldbebasedon______.

A.thefactsthatyouaregiven

B.whethertheauthorisopen-mindedornot

C.thequalityofreasonsprovidedbythematerial

D.theassumptionthatyouknoweverythingaboutit

32.Icameawayfrommyyearsofteachingonthecollegeanduniversitylevelwithaconvictionthatenactment(扮演角色),performance,dramatizationarethemostsuccessfulformsofteaching.Studentsmustbeincorporated,made,sofaraspossible,anintegralpartofthelearningprocess.Thenotionthatlearningshouldhaveinitanelementofinspiredplaywouldseemtothegreaterpartoftheacademicestablishmentmerelysilly,butthatisnonethelessthecase.OfEzekielCheever,themostfamousschoolmasteroftheMassachusettsBayColony,hisonetimestudentCottonMatherwrotethathesoplannedhislessonsthathispupils"cametoworkasthoughtheycametoplay",andAlfredNorthWhitehead,almostthreehundredyearslater,notedthatateachershouldmakehis/herstudents"gladtheywerethere"

Since,wearetold,80to90percentofallinstructioninthetypicaluniversityisbythelecturemethod,weshouldgivecloseattentiontothisform.ofeducation.Thereis,Ithink,muchtruthinPatriciaNelsonLimerick'sobservationthat"lecturingisanunnaturalact,anactforwhichGoddidnotdesignhumans.Itisperfectlyallright,nowandthen,forahumantobepossessedbytheurgetospeak,andtospeakwhileothersremainsilent.Buttodothisregularly,onehourand15minutesatatime..,foronepersontodragonwhileotherssitinsilence?...IdonotbelievethatthisiswhattheCreator..,designedhumanstodo".

Thestrange,almostincomprehensiblefactisthatmanyprofessors,justastheyfeelobligedtowritedully,believethattheyshouldlecturedully.Toshowenthusiasmistoriskappearingunscientific,un-objective;itistoappealtothestudents'emotionsratherthantheirintellect.Thustheideallectureisonefilledwithfactsandreadinanunchangedmonotone.

Thecult(推崇)oflecturingdully,likethecultofwritingdully,goesback,ofcourse,someyears.EdwardShils,professorofsociology,recallstheprofessorsheencounteredattheUniversityofPennsylvaniainhisyouth.Theyseemed"apriesthood,heirbearing;theyneverreferredtoanythingpersonal.Somereadfromoldlecturenotesandthenhaltinglyexplainedthethumb-wornlastlines.Otherslecturedfromcardsthathadservedforyears,tojudgebythewornedges...Theteachersbeganontime,endedontime,andlefttheroomwithoutsayingawordmoretotheirstudents,veryseldombeingdetainedbyquestioners...Theclasseswerenotlarge,yettherewasnodiscussion.Noquestionswereraisedinclass,andtherewerenoofficehours".

Theauthorbelievesthatasuccessfulteachershouldbeableto______.

A.makestudyjustaseasyasplay

B.improvestudents'learningperformance

C.makeinspiredplayanintegralpartofthelearningprocess

D.makedramatizationanimportantaspectofstudents'learning

33.

Establishedbusinesspartnersarepreferredinwebbusinessbecause______.

A.theyaremorecreditablethanothers

B.theyspecifytheproductstheywant

C.theyhaveaccesstothecompany'sprivateintranet

D.theyarecapableofconductingonlinetransactions

五、5.ErrorCorrection(3题)34.

【S6】

35.

【S3】

36.

【S9】

六、6.ErrorCorrection(3题)37.

【S9】

38.Mythsandlegendsofthesupernaturalshroudtheearlyhistoryofwriting,

astheydoofspeech.Archaeologicaldiscoveriesprovidecharmingpinholesof

illuminationalongwithfrustratedproblemsofinterpretation.Anaccountofthe【S1】______.

earlyhistoryofwritinghasgraduallyemerged,butitkeepsmanygapsand【S2】______.

ambiguities.

Thematteriscomplicatedbythefactthat,inthisearlyperiod,itisby

nomeanseasytodecidewhetherapieceofgraphicexpressionshouldbe

countedasanartisticimaginationorasasymbolofprimitivewriting.In【S3】______.

principle,thedifferenceisclear:thefirstconveyspersonalandsubjective【S4】______.

meanings,anddoesnotcombineintoasystemofrecurringsymbolswith

acceptedvalues;bycontrast,thelatterisconventionalandinstitutionalized,

capableofbeenunderstoodinthesamewaybyallwhoareusingthesystem.【S5】______.

Whentheproductisarockcarvingorpaintingofananimal,thereisalittle【S6】______.

doubtthatitspurposeisnonlinguistic(thoughtwhetherithasanaesthetic,

religious,orotherfunctionisdebatable).However,whentheproductisa

seriesofapparentgeometricalshapesortinycharacters,thedistinction

betweenartandwritingbecomesmoreobvious.Thelanguagemayevenreflect【S7】______.

theproblem:inearlyGreek,andinEgyptian,thesamewordwasusedfor

both"write"and"draw".Onepoint,atleast,isfairlyclear.Itnowseems

mostlikelythatwritingsystemrevolvedindependentlyofeachotherat【S8】______.

differenttimesinseveralpartsoftheworld--inMesopotamia,China,Meso-

America,andelsewhere.Thereisanythingtosupportatheoryofcommon【S9】______.

origin.Thereareofcoursesimilaritiesbetweenthesesystems,buttheseare

notaltogethersurprising,givingthelimitedwaysofdevisingasystemof【S10】______.

writtencommunication.

【S1】

39.Thekeytobeingawinneristohavedesireanda

goalfromwhichyourefusetobedeterred(被吓住).

Thatdesirefuelsyourdreamsandthespecialgoalkeeps

youfocusing.【S1】______

Deeplydownweallhaveahopethatourdestinyis【S2】______

nottobeaverageandprosaic.Everyonetalksabouta

goodgame,butthewinnergoesoutanddosomething.【S3】______

Towin,therehastobemovementandphysicalaction.

Attitudesandpersistencecanhelpusbecomewhowe【S4】______

wanttobe.

Competitionisthebestmotivator.Becausemany【S5】______

peopleusecompetitionasanexcusefornotdoing

something,thosewhoreallywanttosuccesssee【S6】______

competitionasanopportunity,andtheyarewillingto

dothetoughworknecessarilytowin.【S7】______

Learntodealwithfear.Fearisthegreatest

deterrenttotakingrisk.Peopleworrysomuchabout【S8】______

failingthattheirfearparalyzesthem,drainedthe【S9】______

energytheymightotherwisebeusingtogrow.

Youcancultivateself-respectbydevelopinga

commitmenttoyourowntalents.Itmaybenecessary

todothethingyoufearthemostinordertoputthat

fearinrest,sothatitcannolongercontrolyou.【S10】______

【S1】

参考答案

1.ScientificBreakthroughsinChinaThenumberofscientificbreakthroughsinChinahasgrownveryfastoverthepastyears.In2001thenumberwasalmost50.In2002thenumberwasabout100andin2004thenumberScientificBreakthroughsinChinaThenumberofscientificbreakthroughsinChinahasgrownveryfastoverthepastyears.In2001,thenumberwasalmost50.In2002,thenumberwasabout100andin2004thenumber解析：这次的作文是看图表作文。文章第一段应该根据图表先对中国这几年科学创新的变化做一个描述。接下来，文章的第二段应该罗列出这些创新变化产生的原因，一方面是现代科学技术的发展，另一方面是中国政府十分重视科学创新并为科学创新领域提供了大量的资金支持。文章的结尾应提出对未来科学创新发展的预测。而在两者比较的表达上，可以运用fourtimesasbigas…，twice/threetimesaslarge/long…as或者threetimesthelength/sizeofthatone等表达方式。文章写作过程中，在表达数字概念时可以运用以下表达方式，如：thenumberof…，theamountof…或thefigureof…表达原因可以运用的句式为onereasonof…is，anotherreasonis…相关表达方法还有ononehand…ontheotherhand…或Foronething…Foranother…等。在表达个人的观点方面可以运用inmyopinion，inmypointofview或frommyperspective等。

2.SalaryorInterestUpongraduationvirtuallyallcollegestudentswillconfronttheproblemofchoosingtheircareers.Itistrulyaroughchoice.Students'opinionsdiffergreatlyonthisissue.Someholdthatpriorityshouldbegiventotheirinterestinthejobbutotherstaketheattitudethatsalaryisthemostcriticalfactorinfluencingtheircareerchoices.AsformyselfIpreferthelatterview.Awell-paidjobexertsatremendousfascinationonagreatnumberofpeoplewithnoexceptiontome.Althoughitmightbeimpossibletomeasurethevalueofone'sjobintermsofmoneysalarycountsmostwhenIchoosemyfuturecareer.Inmyviewourcareerchoiceslargelydependonhowandwherewehavebeenbroughtup.Icomefromapoorurbanfamilyandmyparentsarebothlaid-offworkers.Inordertofinancemytuitiontheyhavebeenworkinghardoverthepastfouryears.AstheonlysoninmyfamilyIhavetoshouldertheburdenofsupportingmyfamily.Inshortsalaryisthefirstconsiderationinmychoiceofcareer.SalaryorInterestUpongraduation,virtuallyallcollegestudentswillconfronttheproblemofchoosingtheircareers.Itistrulyaroughchoice.Students'opinionsdiffergreatlyonthisissue.Someholdthatpriorityshouldbegiventotheirinterestinthejob,butotherstaketheattitudethatsalaryisthemostcriticalfactorinfluencingtheircareerchoices.Asformyself,Ipreferthelatterview.Awell-paidjobexertsatremendousfascinationonagreatnumberofpeople,withnoexceptiontome.Althoughitmightbeimpossibletomeasurethevalueofone'sjobintermsofmoney,salarycountsmostwhenIchoosemyfuturecareer.Inmyview,ourcareerchoiceslargelydependonhowandwherewehavebeenbroughtup.Icomefromapoorurbanfamilyandmyparentsarebothlaid-offworkers.Inordertofinancemytuition,theyhavebeenworkinghardoverthepastfouryears.Astheonlysoninmyfamily,Ihavetoshouldertheburdenofsupportingmyfamily.Inshort,salaryisthefirstconsiderationinmychoiceofcareer.

3.MobilePhoneUsesshouldBeLimitedinLibrary(1)Inthelibrarytheimproperuseofmobilephonesisbecomingincreasinglyserious.Manystudentsarefoundtalkingloudlyonphonesortakingaphoneinaudibleringingmodeintothelibrary.(2)Thereisnodoubtthatthoseimpolitebehaviors(3)hoveanegativeinfluenceonlibraryreaders.(4)Foronethingmobilephonesareadistractionforthosewhousemobilephonesfortheycanhardly(5)concentrateonreading.(4)Foranothersuchabehaviorcausesdisturbancetootherleaders.It'sveryimportantforthereaderstokeepaquietatmospheresincethelibraryisaplaceforstudyandresearch.Allstudentsshouldobeylibraryregulationsandkeepquietinthelibrary.(6)iftheydoneedtousemobilephonestheycansettheirmobilephonesinthesilencemodeandmakephonecallsindesignatedareas(7)suchasrestroomsandtheelevatorarea.(8)Inthiswayallthereadersinthelibrarycanhelptocreateagoodatmosphereand(9)benefitfromreading.MobilePhoneUsesshouldBeLimitedinLibrary(1)Inthelibrary,theimproperuseofmobilephonesisbecomingincreasinglyserious.Manystudentsarefoundtalkingloudlyonphonesortakingaphoneinaudibleringingmodeintothelibrary.(2)Thereisnodoubtthatthoseimpolitebehaviors(3)hoveanegativeinfluenceonlibraryreaders.(4)Foronething,mobilephonesareadistractionforthosewhousemobilephones,fortheycanhardly(5)concentrateonreading.(4)Foranother,suchabehavior.causesdisturbancetootherleaders.It'sveryimportantforthereaderstokeepaquietatmospheresincethelibraryisaplaceforstudyandresearch.Allstudentsshouldobeylibraryregulationsandkeepquietinthelibrary.(6)iftheydoneedtousemobilephones,theycansettheirmobilephonesinthesilencemodeandmakephonecallsindesignatedareas,(7)suchasrestroomsandtheelevatorarea.(8)Inthisway,allthereadersinthelibrarycanhelptocreateagoodatmosphereand(9)benefitfromreading.解析：[审题]本题要求写一篇议论文。“限制在图书馆里使用手机”是大学生相当熟悉的话题，很容易拓展内容。同时注意所给的建议要合理、具有说服力。

[思路]

第一段点明在图书馆内手机使用泛滥；

第二段说明此现象对读者所造成的影响；

第三段提出自己的建议。

4.PoorStudents'RunningErrandsInrecentyearsmanypoorstudentsarepaidbytheirrichclassmatesforrunningerrands.Astowhetheritisgoodornotopinionsvaryfrompersontoperson.Somepeoplebelievethatitisagoodwayfortheneedystudentstolivethroughthe4yearsofcollegelife.Withthemoneytheyearnfromrunningerrandsforotherstudentsthefinancialburdenofthepoorstudentscanberelieved.Howeversomeotherpeopleholdadifferentopinion.Asallstudentsoncampusareequalit'snotrightforstudentswithfinancialproblemstodoinferiorjobsforotherclassmatesformoney.Iftheschooldoesn'tstopthisstudentsoncampuswillbedividedintotwoclassessoonerorlater.Inmyopinionschoolsshouldforbidthiskindofthingsforthesakeofbothrichstudentsandpoorstudents.Bypayingtheirpoorclassmatesfordoingwhattheyshoulddothemselvestherichstudentswillgetusedtoidleness.Atthesametimedoingtiringerrandseverydaycaninfluencethepoorstudents'healthandstudy.PoorStudents'RunningErrandsInrecentyears,manypoorstudentsarepaidbytheirrichclassmatesforrunningerrands.Astowhetheritisgoodornot,opinionsvaryfrompersontoperson.Somepeoplebelievethatitisagoodwayfortheneedystudentstolivethroughthe4yearsofcollegelife.Withthemoneytheyearnfromrunningerrandsforotherstudents,thefinancialburdenofthepoorstudentscanberelieved.However,someotherpeopleholdadifferentopinion.Asallstudentsoncampusareequal,it'snotrightforstudentswithfinancialproblemstodoinferiorjobsforotherclassmatesformoney.Iftheschooldoesn'tstopthis,studentsoncampuswillbedividedintotwoclassessoonerorlater.Inmyopinion,schoolsshouldforbidthiskindofthingsforthesakeofbothrichstudentsandpoorstudents.Bypayingtheirpoorclassmatesfordoingwhattheyshoulddothemselves,therichstudentswillgetusedtoidleness.Atthesametime,doingtiringerrandseverydaycaninfluencethepoorstudents'healthandstudy.

5.PressureinModernLifePeoplearefacedwithmoreandmorepressureinmodernlife.Adultshavetocompetewithoneanotherforbetterjobshigherpaysdesirableprizesandopportunitiesofpromotion.EvensmallcPressureinModernLifePeoplearefacedwithmoreandmorepressureinmodernlife.Adultshavetocompetewithoneanotherforbetterjobs,higherpays,desirableprizesandopportunitiesofpromotion.Evensmallc

6.Thetableusesfourbroadeconomicindicatorstoshowthestandardoflivinginfiveselectedcountriesin2000includingboththemostdevelopednationintheworldandsomeofthemuchlessdevelopednations.AscanbeseenfromthestatisticstheU.S.A.-oneoftherichestcountriesintheworld-hadthehighestGNPanddailycalorieintakethelongestlifeexpectancyandthelowestinfantmortalityrate.Theotherdevelopingcountrieshadaconsiderablylowerqualityoflife.EgyptIndonesiaandBoliviaweresimilarintheirrangeofindicatorswithEgypthavingthehighestqualityoflifeamongthethree.HoweverEgypt'sinfantmortalityratewasslightlyhigherthanIndonesia'sat40deathsper1000comparedto31inIndonesia.Bangladeshhadbyfarthelowestqualityoflifeinallthefourindicators.ItsGNPwasonlyaboutone-fortieththatoftheU.S.A.ThefigureintermsofthedailycaloriesupplyperheadinBangladeshisthehalfofthatinU.S.A.anditsinfantmortalityratewas6timesgreater.InconclusionitcanbeseenfromtheeconomicindicatorsthatthefourdevelopingcountrieshavealongwaytogobeforereachingthesamelevelofqualityoflifeastheU.S.A.AtthesametimetheU.S.A.hastheresponsibilitytohelptheothercountriestodeveloptheireconomiesandimprovetheirpeople'slivingstandards.Thetableusesfourbroadeconomicindicatorstoshowthestandardoflivinginfiveselectedcountriesin2000,includingboththemostdevelopednationintheworldandsomeofthemuchlessdevelopednations.Ascanbeseenfromthestatistics,theU.S.A.-oneoftherichestcountriesintheworld-hadthehighestGNPanddailycalorieintake,thelongestlifeexpectancyandthelowestinfantmortalityrate.Theotherdevelopingcountrieshadaconsiderablylowerqualityoflife.Egypt,IndonesiaandBoliviaweresimilarintheirrangeofindicators,withEgypthavingthehighestqualityoflifeamongthethree.However,Egypt'sinfantmortalityratewasslightlyhigherthanIndonesia's,at40deathsper1,000comparedto31inIndonesia.Bangladeshhadbyfarthelowestqualityoflifeinallthefourindicators.ItsGNPwasonlyaboutone-fortieththatoftheU.S.A.ThefigureintermsofthedailycaloriesupplyperheadinBangladeshisthehalfofthatinU.S.A.,anditsinfantmortalityratewas6timesgreater.Inconclusion,itcanbeseenfromtheeconomicindicatorsthatthefourdevelopingcountrieshavealongwaytogobeforereachingthesamelevelofqualityoflifeastheU.S.A.Atthesametime,theU.S.A.hastheresponsibilitytohelptheothercountriestodeveloptheireconomiesandimprovetheirpeople'slivingstandards.

7.RuralWorkers:AMixedBlessingfortheCityTheearly1990sfoundanunprecedentedtideofruralworkersfloodingintobigcitiessuchasShanghaiGuangzhouandBeijing.AccordingtoarecentsurveyinShanghaialonetherearemorethan2.5millionmigrantworkers.Thereisanambivalentfeelingtowardsruralworkers.Noonedeniestheimportantcontributionruralworkershavemadetotheurbandevelopment.Theyhavedonemostofdirtydangerousandunderpaidjobsinheavyindustriesconstructionsitesandotherfieldsthatcityresidentsunwillingtoenter.Theyhavebecomeanindispensablepartofurbanlifetoapointwherethemachineryofacitycannotoperatewithoutthosecogsthoughsmallandunnoticed.Yetanantimigrantattituderunsconsistentlythroughthemainstreamofurbanconsciousness.Cityresidentscomplainthatmigrantworkershaveworsenedtrafficandsanitationproblemandhavethreatenedtotakealreadyscarceurbanjobs.Theyalsoblamethemforthesharpriseintheurbancrimerate.Despitetheproblemsposedbymigrantsonethingiscertain:agrandprosperousedificeofthecityisbasedontheworkofmillionsofmigrantworkers.RuralWorkers:AMixedBlessingfortheCityTheearly1990sfoundanunprecedentedtideofruralworkersfloodingintobigcitiessuchasShanghai,Guangzhou,andBeijing.Accordingtoarecentsurvey,inShanghaialonetherearemorethan2.5millionmigrantworkers.Thereisanambivalentfeelingtowardsruralworkers.Noonedeniestheimportantcontributionruralworkershavemadetotheurbandevelopment.Theyhavedonemostofdirty,dangerousandunderpaidjobsinheavyindustries,constructionsitesandotherfieldsthatcityresidentsunwillingtoenter.Theyhavebecomeanindispensablepartofurbanlifetoapointwherethemachineryofacitycannotoperatewithoutthosecogs,thoughsmallandunnoticed.Yetanantimigrantattituderunsconsistentlythroughthemainstreamofurbanconsciousness.Cityresidentscomplainthatmigrantwo