(完整)初中英语被动语态讲解

初中英语被动语态解说英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的履行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的蒙受者。一、被动语态的组成英语动词的被动语态由助动词 be+及物动词的过去分词组成。 助动词be一定与主语的人称和数目保持一致， 并有时态的变化。比如：Themanwasfooledbythetwoboys.Thebookhasbeentranslatedintoseverallanguages.二、被动语态的用法（1）动作的履行者不知道是谁或难以说明经常用被动语态。比如：Streetlightsareoftenturnedonatsixinwinter. Thenewtestbookwillbeusednextterm.（2）当动作的蒙受者比起动作的履行者来说更能惹起人们的关怀而需要加以重申时，要用被动语态。比如：Thiskindofbicycleisnotsoldinourshop. Thethiefwascaughtbyapolicemanyesterday.（3）含有双宾语的句子，主动句中的间接宾语或许直接宾语都可变为被动语态中的一个主语，另一个保存不变。变为主语的假如主动句中的直接宾语在变为间接宾语前则需加介词to或for。比如：Thepianistgavethepupils（间接宾语）someadvice（直接宾语）fThepupilsweregivensomeadvicebythepianist.fSomeadvicewasgiventothepupilsbythepianist.(4)在主动语态句中动词 make、have、let、see、watch、hear、feel等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不定式不加to。但变为被动语态时后边的不定式都须加上to。比如：Thebossmadethemworktenhoursaday. fTheyweremadetoworktenhoursaday.Aboysawhimenterthehouse. fHewasseentoenterthehouse.三、被动语态的时态初中英语教材中出现了五种时态的被动语态及带有神态动词的被动语态。般此刻时组成：助动词be+动词的过去分词般此刻时组成：助动词be+动词的过去分词一般过去时 组成此刻进行时 组成过去进行时 组成比如：Thebridgewasbuiltin1992.比如：Anewbridgeisbeingbuiltinmyhometown.助动词was/were+一般过去时 组成此刻进行时 组成过去进行时 组成比如：Thebridgewasbuiltin1992.比如：Anewbridgeisbeingbuiltinmyhometown.一般未来时过去未来时此刻达成时组成：一般未来时过去未来时此刻达成时组成：will/begoingtodo+be+动词的过去分词比如：组成：would/was（were）goingtodo+be+动词的过去分词组成：助动词have/has+been+动词的过去分词比如：Thesebooksaregoingtobepostedtomorrow.Hashisworkbeenfinished?过去达成时组成：助动词had+been+动词的过去分词过去达成时比如：Canthiswalkmanberepairedhere?带有神态动词的被动语态组成：神态动词+be+比如：Canthiswalkmanberepairedhere?主动语态改为被动语态的步骤：①主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态句中的主语；②主动语态句中的动词改为相应的被动语态；③主动语态句中的主语变为被动语态句中 by的宾语。主动语态句中的谓语动词带有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语时，变换方法有两种：①把间接宾语转变为主语，保存直接宾语②把直接宾语转变为主语，保存间接宾语。此时，一般需在间接宾语前加适合的介词（往常是介词 for或to）。在短语seesb.dosth.中，动词see后跟不带to的不定式作宾补。改为被动语态时要加上 to。用于这一构造的谓语动词一般是表告知觉的动词如 see,hear,watch,find等，以及使役动词 make,let等。第三节稳固练习I.把以下主动语态改为被动语态：WeoftenusearecorderinourEnglishclass.Theywillshowanewfilmnextweek.Whendidtheybuildthehouse?Isawtheboyentertheroom.Willtheyshowanewfilmnextweek?

Havetheypostedtheletteryet?Weoftenseehimhelphisclassmate.Youmustturnoffthelightbeforeyougotobe.dWhoisrepairingthebike?10、Thestudentshouldlearnallthetextsbyheart.n.填空：Thereadingroom yesterdayafternoon.A.cleanedB.iscleanedC.wascleaningD.wascleanedTheworkersweremade tenhoursaday.A.workB.toworkC.working D.workedThereadingroom yesterdayafternoon.A.cleanedB.iscleanedC.wascleaningD.wascleanedTheworkersweremade tenhoursaday.A.workB.toworkC.working D.workedFood inacoolplaceinsummer.A.mustkeepB.mustn’tkeepC.mustbekeptHisfather toworkinHongKong3yearsago. A.sentB.wassentC.hassentThepen well.A.writes B.iswrittenC.waswrittenD.writingD.mustn’tbekeptD.hasbeensentGreatchanges inthetownsince1988.A.havetakenplaceB.havebeentakenplaceC.hastakenplaceD.hasbeentakenplaceA.havetakenplaceB.havebeentakenplaceC.hastakenplaceD.hasbeentakenplaceOurcompositionsmust nextMonday.D.behandinginA.behandinB.behandedinC.handedinD.behandinginThechildwill backtohisparentsnextmonth. A.sentB.sendC.besentD.besendinghisworkyet?A.have…beenfinishedB.has…beenfinishedC.has…finishedD.have…finishedTheclassroom now.A.iscleaningB.isbeingcleaningC.isbeingcleanedD.iscleanedm.用适合和的填空 ：1、Canhe (speak)English? 2、Whatlanguage (speak)inthatcountry?3、Thefilm (show)manytimessincelastSunday. 4、TheseTVsets (make)inSichuan.Ithasgotsodark.Wouldyouplease (turn)onthelight?Anewhospital (build)inthisareanow. 7、 thebook (return).8、Rice (grow)inthesouth. 9、Thewindow (notbreak)bytheboy.10、I (tell)he (notcome)justnow.答案ArecorderisoftenusedinourEnglishclass.Anewfilmwillbeshownbythennextweek.Whenwasthehousebuiltbythem?Theboywasseentoentertheroom.Willanewfilmbeshownbythemnextweek?Heisoftenseentohelphisclassmate.Thelightmustbeturnedoffbeforeyougotobed.Whoisthebikebeingrepairedby? (Bywhomisthebikebeingrepaired?)Allthetextssho