2021-2022学年湖南省怀化市艮山口中学高二英语模拟试题含解析

2021-2022学年湖南省怀化市艮山口中学高二英语模拟试题含解析一、选择题Therearesomedoubtsheisfitforthejob.Youknow,hehaslittleexperienceinthisfield.A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.which参考答案：BManystudentsliketorecite,whichareshort,beautifulandrhythmic.A.novelsB.poemsC.booksD.passages参考答案：BMostofthehousesbuiltongroundstayedupintheterribleearthquake.A.arbitraryB.stableC.convenientD.freezing参考答案：B略Thenewly-discoveredstarwasnamedaChineseastronomerhonorofhiscontributionstoastronomy.A.for；inB.after；forC.as；inD.after；in参考答案：Dfeelitanhonourtospeakhere.A.toaskB.askingC.tobeaskedD.askedWashoecanunderstandbodylanguagewellnumbersofbasicelementsofbodylanguagearesameindifferentculturesWhydoestheauthortakethegesturestoindicate"yes"and"no"foranexample?togiveusthemeaningofthetwogesturestotelluscontinuitiesofsomefixedactionpatternstoshowenvironmentalinfluencesofthesignlanguagetoindicategeneticeffectsofthebodylanguageThelasttwoparagraphsmainlytalkabout.originsofthebodylanguageculturalinfluenceswhatthebodylanguageisrelationshipsbetweenbodylanguagesandanimalcommunications参考答案：12.B13.C14.C15.A这是一篇说明文。肢体语言是一个广泛的术语，指的是使用肢体动作或手势来代替或补充声音、语言或其他形式的交流。反过来，它是副语言的一个类别，它描述了人类交流的所有形式，而不是语言。其中肢体语言包括自愿和非自愿的，二者之间的区别很模糊。同时文章也谈论了关于肢体语言的起源问题。[12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句Paralanguageincludingbodylanguagehasbeenextensivelystudiedinsocialpsychology.（包括肢体语言在内的副语言在社会心理学中得到了广泛的研究。）可知肢体语言属于副语言；再根据第一段第一句Bodylanguageisabroadtermforseveralformsofcommunicationusingbodymovementsorgestures,insteadof,orasacomplementto,sounds,verballanguage,orotherformsofcommunication.（肢体语言是一个广泛的术语，指的是使用肢体动作或手势进行的多种形式的交流，而不是作为声音、口语或其他形式的交流的补充。）可推理得知肢体语言以及其所属的副语言都不是口语的补充，口头语言单独为一种类别；而肢体语言、副语言和口头语言都属于语言的类别。综上，故选Bo[13题详解】细节理解题。倒数第二段最后一句Somespeciesofanimalsareespeciallyskilledatdetectinghumanbodylanguage,bothvoluntaryandinvoluntary:thiswasthereasonfortryingtoteachthechimpanzeeWashoeAmericanSignLanguageratherthanspeechandperhapsthereasonwhytheWashoeprojectwasmoresuccessfulthansomepreviouseffortstoteachapeshowtodance.（有些种类的动物特别擅长探测人类的肢体语言，包括自愿的和非自愿的：这就是为什么要尝试教黑猩猩Washoe美国手语而不是语言，也许也是为什么Washoe项目比之前教猿跳舞更成功的原因。）可知Washoe项目成功的原因是Washoe能够很好地理解肢体语言。故选C。[14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一句话Morerefinedgestures,whichvarybetweencultures（forexamplethegesturestoindicate"yes"and〃no"）,mustobviouslybelearnedormodifiedthroughlearning,usuallybyunconsciousobservationoftheenvironment.（更精细的手势,在不同的文化中是不同的（例如表示〃是〃和''不是〃的手势），显然必须通过学习来学习或修改，通常是通过对环境的无意识观察。）可知作者以表示〃是〃和〃不是〃的手势为例，展示了手语的环境的影响。故选C。[15题详解】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段第二句Humanparalanguagemayrepresentacontinuationofformsofcommunicationthatournon-linguisticancestorsalreadyused,oritmaybethatithasbeenchangedbyco-existinglanguage.（人类副语言可能是我们的非语言祖先已经使用的交流形式的延续，也可能是共存的语言改变了它。）以及最后一段第一句Bodylanguageisaproductofbothgeneticandenvironmentalinfluences.（肢体语言是遗传和环境影响的产物。）可知最后两段主要是在探讨肢体语言的起源。故选A。参考答案：C略—Why,Jack,youlooksotired!—Well,IthehouseandImustfinishtheworktomorrow.A.waspaintingB.willbepaintingC.havepaintedD.havebeenpainting参考答案：D考查时态。句意：一一怎么啦，杰克，你看起来如此疲惫！一一噢，我一直都在粉刷房子，并且我明天必须完成。根据句意可知应采用现在完成进行时态，强调动作一直在延续。C项为现在完成时，表示动作已经完成，不符合句意。选D。Bequiet,children.Theweatherreportandyourmotherwantstolisten.A.isbroadcastB.isbeingbroadcastC.hasbeenbroadcastD.hadbeenbroadcast参考答案：BTheWorldWaterDayservesasawonderfulreminderwaterisscarceandweshouldcherishit.A.thatB.whenC.whereD.what参考答案：A略一Helenhasbeenworkingatalocallanguageschoolfor3years.一sheissofamiliarwiththecity.A.NodoubtB.NowonderC.NowthatD.Asaresult参考答案：Thelivingareaisnowtwicethesizeitusedtobe.A.whatB.thatwhatC.thatD.whatthat参考答案：c.Peterintendedajobinhospital,butabandonedthatplanaftertheunpleasantexperienceinShenzhen.A.totakeB.tobetakenC.tobetakingD.tohavetaken参考答案：C略Whenwegottotherailwaystation,theexpresshadn'tstartedyet,sowe.A.needn'thurryB.didn'tneedhurryC.needn'ttohurryD.needn'thavehurried参考答案：D考查情态动词+havedone结构。句意：当我们到达火车站时，列车还没有启动，所以我们本不必匆忙。固定结构：needNthavedone表示“本不必做而做了〃。结合句意可住答案为D。【点睛】情态动词+havedone结构：l/zmust+have+过去分词〃表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测，语气比较坚定，通常只用于肯定句.如：Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.2「can/could+have+过去分词〃表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱汝口:Hecan'thavefinishedtheworksosoon.3/zmay/might+have+过去分词〃表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could.如：Theymaynothaveknownitbeforehand.4.〃need+have+过去分词〃表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余.如：Ineedn'thaveboughtsomuchwine—onlyfivepeoplecame.5/zshould/oughtto+have+过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了，这种句式含有不满或责备之意,oughtto的语气比should强一些汝口：Yououghtto/shouldhavestudiedharder.你本应该更努力学习的.（但没有）Heoughtn'tto/shouldn'thavedonethat.他本来就不该做那件事.（可是做了）6.〃would+have+过去分词〃表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测，或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成，通常用来说明某一情况，但不像用should或oughtto那样含有责备之意.如：Iguessthepoetwouldhavebeenabouttwentywhenshewroteherfirstpoem.Anotherworkerwouldn'thaveactedlikethat.Chinaunderstandsthesituationandneedsofunderdevelopedcountriesontheissueofclimatechangeandurgesdevelopedcountriestosupportthemtechnologyandfinance.A.intermsofB.inspiteofC.owingtoD.regardlessof参考答案：A试题分析：考查介词短语辨析A.intermsof就。而言；B.inspiteof尽管；C.owingto由于；D.regardlessof不管；句意:中国在气候变化问题上理解欠发达国家的形势和需求，督促发达国家在技术和金融方面帮助它们，故选A项。Thenumberofthestudentswhogoabroadtostudyincreasing.A.holdsonB.keepsonC.getsonD.takeson参考答案：BaboutwildplantsthattheydecidedtomakeatriptoBrazilforfurtherresearch.A.SocuriousthecouplewasB.SocuriouswerethecoupleC.HowcuriousthecouplewereD.Thecouplewassuchcurious参考答案：B试题分析：考查so…that…引导结果状语从句，且so…放于句首时，句子部分倒装。—Whydidhefromthecompany?—Inordertogetamorechallengingjob.A.leaveB.resignC.removeD.retire参考答案：BWhenaboutwhatshethoughtofthemovie,shejustsaiditwasworthseeingasecondtime.A.beingaskedB.askingC.askedD.tobeasked参考答案：c【详解】考查过去分词做状语。句意：当被问及她对这部电影的看法时，她只是说值得再看一次。这是状语从句常见的省略现象。当从句和主句的主语一致时并且从句的谓语是系动词，这是从句的主语和系动词可以一起省略。when(shewas)askedaboutwhatshethoughtofthemovie,shejustsaidthatitwasworthseeingasecondtime.止匕处句子主语she和ask之间是被动关系。故答案为C。Theyarelivingwiththeirparentsforthemomentbecausetheirownhouse.A.isbeingrebuiltB.hasbeenrebuiltC.isrebuiltD.hasrebuilt参考答案：A提示:考查时态和语态。房子和重建为被动关系，由句意可知应用现在进行时的被动形式，表示''正在被重建〃。句意为:〃目前他们和父母住在一起，因为他们自己的房子正在重建。〃故选A项。二、翻译根据提示翻译下列句子。.这些漂亮的花给整个房间增加了生气。(givelifeto).我已经好几年不和那些朋友来往了。(makecontactwith).马克思出生在德国，会说英语，恩格斯也是这样。(Itwasthesamewith...).他从不把父母的话当回事。(take…seriously).昨天晚上班主任当众宣布了这项规定。(inpublic)参考答案：1.Thebeautifulflowersgivelifetothewholeroom.2.1haven'tmadecontactwiththosefriendsforseveralyears.MarxwasborninGermanyandcouldspeakEnglish.ItwasthesamewithEngels.Hehasnevertakenwhathisparentssaidseriously.Theheadteacherannouncedtheruleinpubliclastnight.三、阅读理解Howdoesasunsetwork?Welovetolookatone,butJolandaBlackwellwantedhereighth-graderstoreallythinkaboutitandquestion.SoBlackwellhadherstudentswatchavideoofasunsetaspartofaphysicslessononmotion.zzlaskedthem:'Sowhat'smovingAndwhy*"Blackwellsays.Somethoughtthesunwasmoving;othersknewthatasunsetistheresultoftheEarthspinningaroundonitsaxis.“Usually,mybiggestchallengeistryingtokeepthempatient,"shesays."Theyjusthavesomanyburningquestions.""Everyday,wemeetnewinformation,"saysCharanRanganath,apsychologist.Ranganathwascurioustoknowwhywekeepsomeinformationandforgetotherthings.Sohegot19volunteersandaskedthemtoreviewmorethan100questions.Whentheparticipants'curiositywasaroused,thepartsof'theirbrainsthatregulatepleasureandrewardlitup.Curiousmindsalsoshowedincreasedactivityinthebrain,whichisinvolvedingreatermemories."Curiousbrainsarebetteratlearningnotonlyaboutthesubjectathandbutalsodullinformation.Thisisaphenomenonteacherscanuseintheclassroom,"saysEvieMalaia,aprofessor."Sayakidwantstobeanastronaut/'shesays.NLWell,howdoyoulinkthatgoalwithlearningmultiplicationtables(乘法表)““Ateachermaychoosetoaskherclassaninterestingwordproblemthatinvolvesspaceexploration/'Malaiasays.Studentsmayremembertheanswertothewordproblem,butthey'llalsorememberhowtheyfoundtheanswerthroughmultiplication.WhatRanganathwantstoknowmostiswhysomepeopleseemnaturallymorecuriousthanothers.Lotsoffactors,includingstress,agingandcertaindrugsaffectdopamine（多巴月安）processinginthebrain."Ifwecouldfigurethesethingsout,wecouldhelpthosewhomayjustseembored,"Ranganathsays.Blackwellsaysshedoesn*thavetodealwiththatproblemtoooften.Shesaysherstudentsloveexploringthemysteriousunknownsinscience:WhathappenswhenacarcrashesHowdorainbowswork"Itellmykidsthere'snodumbquestions,"Blackwellsays."That'sscience:askingquestionsandseekinganswers."12.WhatchallengedidBlackwellhaveinclass?Thestudentswereoftenburntbyaccident.Thestudentswereaskingtoomanyquestions.Thestudentscouldn'tconcentrateinherclassThestudentscouldn'tanswerquestionsgentlyIfwearecurious,we.willdesiretoberewarded.mayforgetundesirablethingsmoreeasily.maymemorizesomethingbetter.willhavemoreenergytodooutdooractivities.Malaiagavetheexampleof'akidinParagraph4toprove.multiplicationtablesaredifficulttolearn.mathisthebasisknowledgeforspaceexploration.becominganastronautsisadreamofmanykids.curiosityalsohelpsuslearnboringthings.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"thatproblem'"referto?Studentsgetboredwithlearning.Studentsasktoomanyfoolishquestions.Studentswanttoexplorethemysteriesofscience.Studentstakedrugstoproducedopamine.参考答案：12.B13.C14.D15.A【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者通过不同人的不同的观点，说明好奇心和兴趣是激发学习的动力。[12题详解】细节理解题。由第二段“mybiggestchallengeistryingtokeepthempatientshesays."Theyjusthavesomanyburningquestions.”可知，布莱克威尔在课堂上遇到的挑战是学生们问了太多的问题。故B选项正确。[13题详解】推理判断题。由第三段“Curiousmindsalsoshowedincreasedactivityinthebrain,whichisinvolvedingreatermemories.〃可知，如果我们有好奇心，我们可能会有更好的记忆。故C选项正确。[14题详解】推理判断题。由第四段""Curiousbrainsarebetteratlearningnotonlyaboutthesubjectathandbutalsodullinformation”可知，Malaia在第4段中举了一个孩子的例子来证明好奇心有助于我们学习枯燥的东西。故D选项正确。[15题详解】词义猜测题。由第五段“Ifwecouldfigurethesethingsout,wecouldhelpthosewhomayjustseembored”可知，thatproblem指的是“学生对学习感到厌烦〃。故A选项正确。【点睛】通过对关键词的判断是解决推理判断题的重要方法之一。由第三段〃Curiousmindsalsoshowedincreasedactivityinthebrain,whichisinvolvedingreatermemories.〃中的"increasedactivity,,zzgreatermemories〃可以判断出，如果我们有好奇心,我们可能会有更好的记忆。故小题2的正确选项为C选项。Bodylanguageisabroadtermforseveralformsofcommunicationusingbodymovementsorgestures,insteadof,orasacomplementto,sounds,verballanguage,orotherformsofcommunication.Inturn,itisonecategoryofparalanguage,whichdescribesallformsofhumancommunicationthatarenotlanguage.Paralanguageincludingbodylanguagehasbeenextensivelystudiedinsocialpsychology.Ineverydayspeechandpopularpsychology,thetermismostoftenappliedtobodylanguagethatisthoughttobeinvoluntary,butinfactthedistinctionbetweenvoluntaryandinvoluntarybodylanguageisoftenblurred:asmileorawavemaybegiveneithervoluntarilyorinvoluntarily,forexample.VoluntaryBodyLanguageislesscommonlydiscussedbecauseitseemsunproblematic.Itreferstomovement,gesturesandposesintentionallymadebytheperson:smiling,hands,

imitatingactions,andgenerallymakingmovementswithfullorpartialintentionofmakingthemandarealizationofwhattheycommunicate.Therelationofbodylanguagetoanimalcommunicationhasoftenbeendiscussed.Humanparalanguagemayrepresentacontinuationofformsofcommunicationthatournon-linguisticancestorsalreadyused,oritmaybethatitha