中考语法：分词做状语

分词作状语现在分词（doing）作状语AA动词-ing形式在句子中做状语，表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与谓语动词表示的动作或状态是同时或者几乎同时发生的。B句子的主语必须是状语的逻辑主语；而且主语与作状语的分词之间呈逻辑上的主谓关系。现在分词作状语的分类：1.1.原因状语（相当于原因状语从句）1)BecauseIsawnooneathome,Idecidedtocomeagain.看见没有人在家，我决定再来一趟。=Seeingnooneathome,Idecidedtocomeagain.2)Becauseshewasill,shedidn’tgotoschooltoday.因为生病，她今天没上学去。=Beingill,shedidn’tgotoschooltoday.

2.2.时间状语(相当于when,while等引导的从句)1)Whenheheardthegoodnews,hejumpedwithjoy.当听到这个好消息时，他高兴地跳了起来。=Hearingthegoodnews,hejumpedwithjoy.2)WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Isawafriendofmine.当我走在街上时，我看到了我的朋友。=Walkinginthestreet,Isawafriendofmine.3.3.伴随状语，与谓语所表示的动作同时发生。1)HesatatthetablereadingChinaDaily.

他坐在桌子旁看《中国日报》。2)Talkingandsmiling,theywentintotheroom.

他们又说又笑地走进房间。4.4.结果状语，表示事情顺其自然产生的结果。1)Themotherdied,leavingalotofmoneyforherchildren.母亲去世了，给她的孩子留下了一大笔钱。5.5.条件状语（相当于if等引导的从句）Ifyouturnright,youwillfindtheplaceyouwant.往右转弯，你就会找到你要找的地方了。=Turningright,youwillfindtheplaceyouwant.=1\*ROMANI.根据提示，用分词的形式完成句子。1.____________________hertelephonenumber,Icouldn’tringherup.由于不知道她的电话号码，我无法打电话给她。2.____________________,wewillgothereonfoot.天气好的话，我们将步行去那里。3.____________________,ImetMary.

上学时我遇见了玛丽。4.Iturnoffthelight,____________________.

我把灯关了，所以什么也看不见。5._____________________,youwillsucceed.

努力工作，你就会成功。6._____________________hisletter,Idecidedtowritetohim.没收到他的来信，我决定给他写信。7.Hestood,____________________(lean)againstthewall.8.Thesongissungalloverthecountry,____________________(make)itthemostpopularsong.答案：1.Notknowing

2.Weatherpermitting3.Whilegoingtotheschool

4.seeingnothing5.Workinghard

6.Notreceiving

7.leaning

8.making=2\*ROMANII.词汇运用1.Itrainedheavilyinthesouth，_________seriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.A.caused

B.havingcaused

C.causing

D.tocause2._________

atmyclassmates'faces,Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes.A.Looking

B.Look

C.Tolook

D.Looked3.TheretiredmandonatedmostofhissavingstotheschooldamagedbytheearthquakeinYushu,_________thestudentstoreturntotheirclassrooms.A.enabling

B.havingenabled

C.toenable

D.tohaveenabled4Theladywalkedaroundtheshops,_________aneyeoutforbargains.A.keep

B.kept

C.keeping

D.tokeep5.Lotsofrescueworkerswereworkingaroundtheclock,_________

suppliestoYushu,Qinghaiprovinceaftertheearthquake.A.sending

B.tosend

C.havingsent

D.tohavesent6.Hehadawonderfulchildhood,_________withhismothertoallcornersoftheworld.A.travel

B.totravel

C.traveled

D.traveling7.Thenewsshockedthepublic,_________togreatconcernaboutstudents’safetyatschool.A.havingled B.led C.leading

D.tolead8.

He

sent

me

an

e-mail,

________

to

get

further

information.

A.

hoped

B.

hoping

C.

to

hope

D.

hope答案：CAACA

6.DCB过去分词（doing）作状语过去分词表示完成或被动，作状语时，表示动作发生的背景或者情况，在意义上相当于一个状语从句，其省略的主语（逻辑主语）是主句的主语，且与主语之间存在被动关系。过去分词作状语可以表示时间、条件、方式、原因、让步等。过去分词的否定式是将not放在其前面。一、过去分词作状语时的具体用法：过去分词作时间状语时，相当于一个时间状语从句。有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念.例：1.Asked(Whenhewasasked)whathadhappened,hisfaceturnedred.当他被问及发生了什么的时候，他的脸红了。2.Whenheated(Whenitisheated),waterchangesintosteam.当加热时，水变成水蒸气。3.Seenfromthemoon(Whenitisseenfromthemoon),theearthlooksgreen.从月亮上看时，地球是绿色。过去分词作原因状语时，相当于一个由as,since,because等词引导的原因状语从句。例：1.Deeply(Becausetheywere)movedbythemovie,thechildrenbegantocry.由于被电影深深地感动，孩子们哭了起来。2.Frightened(Becauseshewasfrightened)bythehorrormovie,thegirldidn'tdaretosleepalone.因为被惊悚电影吓坏了，这个女孩不敢单独睡觉。3.Caughtinaheavyrain(Becausehewascaughtinaheavyrain),hewasallwet.因为遇到了一场大雨，他全身都湿了。过去分词作条件状语时，通常放在句子的前面，相当于if,unless等引导的条件状语从句。例：1.Comparedwithyou(Ifwearecomparedwithyou),westillhavealongwaytogo.和你们比起来，我们还有很长的一段路要走。2.Givenafewminutes(IfIamgivenafewminutes),I’llfinishit.再给几分钟的时间，我就会完成了过去分词作让步状语时，相当于一个以though/although引导的让步状语从句，这类分词或分词短语一般放在句子前面。例：1.Left(Althoughhewasleft)athome,Johndidn'tfeelafraidatall.虽然John被单独留在房间里,他一点都不害怕。2.Invitedbyhim(ThoughIwasinvitedbythem),Iwon’ttakepartintheparty.即使被邀请，我也不会参加聚会的。过去分词作状语表方式或伴随状语时不用状语从句替换，但可以改写成并列句。例：1.Shewalkedoutofthehouse,(andshewas)followedbyherlittledaughter.她走出房子，后面跟着她小女儿。2.Shesatbythewindow,(andshewas)lostinthought.她坐在窗边，陷入了沉思。二、过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别：过去分词表完成、被动，与主句的主语之间是被动关系；现在分词表进行、主动，与主句的主语之间是主动关系。试比较：Followingtheoldman,wewentupstairs.跟着那个老人,我们上了楼。=Wefollowedtheoldman,andwewentupstairs.Followedbytheoldman,wewentupstairs.我们上了楼,后面跟着那个老人。=Wewerefollowedbytheoldman,andwewentupstairs.Seenfromthetop,thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest.从上面看,体育场好像一个鸟巢。Seeingfromspace,theastronautcannotdiscovertheGreatWall.从太空看,宇航员看不到长城。【判断正误】1.完成作业后，孩子们出去踢足球了。Finishedtheirhomework,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.(×)Havingfinishedtheirhomework,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.(√)Withtheirhomeworkfinished,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.(√)Afterfinishingtheirhomework,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.(√)2.当他过马路时，一辆车撞到了他。Crossingtheroad,acarknockedhimdown.(×)Crossedtheroad,hewasknockeddownbyacar.(×)Crossingtheroad,hewasknockeddownbyacar.(√)Whenhewascrossingtheroad,acarknockedhimdown.(√)【单项选择】____intoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.A.Translating B.Translated C.Totranslate D.Havingtranslated____therightkindoftraining,theseteenagesoccerplayersmayonedaygrowintointernationalstars.A.Giving B.Havinggiven C.Togive D.Given____animportantroleinanewmovie,Andyhasgotachancetobecomefamous. A.Offer B.Offering C.Offered D.Tooffer____twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog. A.Beingbitten B.Bitten C.Havingbitten D.Tobebitten____fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisa