2021届广州二模英语试题（含答案+解析）

\o"点击文章标题可访问原文章链接"2021届广州二模英语试题（含答案+解析）秘密

★启用前试卷类型：B

2021年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(二)

英语（含答案）精校版

本试卷共10页,

满分120分,

考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1

答卷前,

考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(B)

填涂在答题卡相应位置上,

并在答题卡相应位置上填涂考生号。因笔试不考听力,

试卷从第二部分开始,试题序号从“21”开始。2.作答选择题时,

选出每小题答案后,

用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,

再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动,

先划掉原来的答案,

然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后,

将试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第二部分

阅读

(共两节,

满分50分)第一节

(共15小题；每小题2.5分,

满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,

从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACHAMBORDCASTLE,LOIR-ET-CHER,FRANCEAremarkableexampleofclassicalFrencharchitecture,ChambordCastleisthelargest

castleintheLoireValleyofFrance.Builtin1519asahuntinglodgefortheroyalcourt,thebuildingwasrarelylivedin.Thereareonehundredrooms(of440)open-to

thepublic

and

dozens

of

staircases,includingonesaidtohavebeendesignedbyLeonardodaVinci.Thesurrounding21-square-milenatureparkentertainswithhikingand-bikingroutesandboat

rentals.LEEDSCASTLE,KENT,UNITEDKINGDOMSituatedontwoislandsinthemiddleofalake,LeedsCastleprovidesagrandandromanticexperience.Ithasservedasaroyalresidenceformostofits900-yearhistory.The500-acreEnglishcastlenowhostsyear-roundculturalevents,withthreerestaurants,abed-and-breakfastandayewtreemaze.MOSZNACASTLE,POLANDMosznaCastlewasoriginallydesignedinBaroquestyleinthe17thcentury,butthelater

addition

ofaneo-GothicbroughtHogwartsappealtothecastle,especiallyatnightwhenits99towersandglowingwindowstwinkleintheoutdoor

reflecting

pool.Nowadays,artexhibitsandindoor

concerts

attractvisitorstothe365-roomcastle.BRANCASTLE,BRASOV,ROMANIABranCastleoriginallydatesbacktotheyear1212

andis

mistakenlybelieved

to

bethe

homeinBram

Stoker’sDracula.

Theauthornevervisitedthisfortress,

commonlyknown

asDracula’sCastle,butit

stillattracts

literature

fanstoitsweakly-lit

hallwaysfor

nighttoursandanannualHalloweenparty.21.Whatcanvisitors-toChambordCastledo?A.Huntinthenaturepark.B.

Goboatingwithfriends.C.

Liveinanyofitsrooms.D.

AdmiredaVinci’spaintings.22.Visitorsinterestedinbeautifulnight-timeviewscangoto

______.A.

CHAMBORDCASTLEB.

LEEDSCASTLEC.

MOSZNACASTLED.

BRANCASTLE23.Whichcastlehasthelongesthistory?A.

CHAMBORDCASTLE.B.

LEEDSCASTLE.C.

MOSZNACASTLE.D.

BRANCASTLE.

BTouriststotheNorthAntrimCoastcomeforitsbreathtakingbeautyOnthis

stretch

ofcoast,mythandhistorylivesidebyside,andrunningoutof

thingstodoisnearimpossible.

Giant’s

Causeway,Carrick-a-Rede,theIronIsles’

filminglocations...However,whenImakemywaytothenorthofthe-countryinOctober,noneof

them

areonmy

mind.

What

bringsme

to

thecoastaltown

ofPortrusharethewaves.Located,on

a

peninsula,Portrushishometothreebrilliantbeachesandalltheusualpoints

ofinterest

ofacoastaltown.

ButwhatmakestheNorthAntrimCoastsospecialisthepromise

oftheconsistentwaveshittingitsshores.Althoughstillrelativelyunknown,it’sasurfer’sdream

destination.Thisisthehomeofsix-timeIrishnationalsurfingchampion,AndrewHill,afterall.

ImeetAndrewathissurfshop,themostpopularinPortrush.AfterhiringasurfboardandjumpinginthewateratWestStrand,Iquicklyrealisethatmytrustedwetsuitisnotenough.Withinjust30minutes,I’velostallfeelinginmyfeetandhands,andmyearsareburning.IretreattoanearbycaféandgulpdownsteamingteabeforepoppingbyAndrew’sshopagain.SurfbootsarewhatIneed,wedecide.IleavewithanewdeterminationtomastertheicyAtlanticwaves.

I’minvitedtosurfadifferentspotwithAndrewandhis

friendthat

afternoon.but

I

declinehisgenerousoffer.Myheadisseton

onethingonly:

takingrevenge

onthesamewavesthatalmost

turned

meintoaniceblock

thatvery

morning.Evenwith

boots,surfingthecoldwatersofPortrushleavesmyfeetpurple.

Ibecomecoveredinbruisesthatdon’tregisteruntilIthawouteachnight,andittakesacoupleofdaystofullyregainfeelinginmyhands.Butit’sworthit,andIwouldgladlydoitalloveragain.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword

“them”

inparagraph2referto?A.Thepopularattractions.B.

Coastaltowns.C.

Thefilminglocations.D.

Passionatetourists.25.WhyistheauthorattractedtotheNorthAntrimCoast?A.Ithasinternationallyfamousbeaches.B.

It’shometotheusual

seaside

interests.C.Itproducesexcellentwavesforsurfing.D.It’sthehometownofasurfingchampion.26.Theauthorgoesbacktothesurfshopto_______.A.

betterequiphimselfforthechallengeB.

consultwithsomeexperiencedsurfersC.

accompanytheowneronalatersurftripD.

quicklywarmhimselfupwith

somehottea27.Whatisthetoneofthepassage?A.

Narrativeandserious.B.

Persuasive

andcritical.C.

Descriptiveandpositive.D.Informativeandobjective.

CWhentheChinesespacecraft(航天器)Chang’e-5returnedtoEarthonDecember17,2020,itbroughtbacksomethingnotseenonourplanetsincethe1970s:moonrocksamples.Thispreciouscargo,collectedbyChang’e-5’sroboticresearchvehicleinthenorthwestregionofthelunarnearside,isnowbeingstudiedbyscientistsinBeijing.ThesuccessofthelatestChinesespacemissionalsoshowcasedtechnologythatmaybeusedinfutureyearstocreatehumansettlementsonEarth’snearneighbour.Thereturnedlunarsampleswill

“absolutelyaddnewknowledgeofthehistoryofthemoon,particularlyitsvolcanoes,”

saysXiao

Long,aplanetaryscientistatChinaUniversityofGeosciences.TherockssentbackbyChang’e-5

“willaskustorethinkaboutwhyandhowthemoon’svolcanichistorylastedthislong,”

hesays.TheChang’e-5missionwasmorethanjustatriptocollectmoonrocks.Itwasalsothelateststageofalong,plannedsequenceofroboticlunarexplorationsbyChinathathavegrownevermorescientificallyadvanced.Theprogrambeganwiththe2007launchofChang’e-1andChang’e-2threeyearslater.These

craftcircledthemooncollectingdatausedtohelpguideChang’e-3andChang’e-4,thefirstChinese

spacecrafttolandonthemoonsurface,andtodirecttheirroboticvehicles.TherobotonChang’e-5

wasabletocollectrockandsoilsamplesandreturnthemtoEarth.

Inthenearfuture,anidentical

spacecraftcalledChang’e-6willattemptasample-returnmissionfromthemoon’ssouthpole–an

areaofintensescientificinterest-giventhelargeamountofwatericepresent.ThemoreadvancedChang’e-7andChang’e-8spacecraftarealsoplannedtolandnearthesouth

poletocarryoutanalysisoftheregionandtestnewtechnologies,includingdetectingandobtaining

materialsthatcouldbeusefulto

futurehumanexplorers,suchaswaterandhydrogen,andtesting3-D

printingonthelunarsurface.Thelong-termaimoftheChang’s

programistoestablishanInternationalLunarResearchStationaround2030tosupportroboticand,eventually,crewedmissions.28.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.

Themoon’srecentvolcanicactivities.B.

Thesignificanceofthemoonrocksamples.C.

Newknowledgeofthehistoryofthemoon.D.

Furtherstudiesofthe

returned

lunarsamples.29.WhatdistinguishesthemissionofChang’e-6fromthatofChang’e-5?A.

Thetechnologytheyuse.B.

Thetimetheyspendonthemoon.C.

Thespecific

locationstheyexplore.D.

Theamountofmaterialtheybringback.30.Chang’e-7andChang’e-8spacemissionsaremainlyintendedto

______.A.

transportresearcherstothemoonstationB.

buildupanInternationalLunarResearchStationC.collectdatanecessarytoguidemoon-landingspacecraftD.findandtestresourcesandmeanstosupportlivingonthemoon31.WhichofthefollowingbestsummarizestheChang’s

spaceprogram?A.A

projecttostudythesurfaceofthemoon.B.A

plantoimprovehumansettlementsonthemoon.C.

Asetofexperimentstotestthepossibilityofmannedspacecraft.D.Aseriesofincreasinglychallengingscientificlunarexplorations.

DWhatmakespeoplesospecial?Tooluse,self-consciousness,language,andcultureare

highonthelist,butinfactallofthesecharacteristicscanbefoundelsewhereintheanimal

kingdom.Humansandapesarecloserelatives,soitisperhapsnotsurprisingthatchimpanzees

usetoolsorthatgorillas(大猩猩)haveasenseoffairplay,evenrejectingcarrots(whichthey

normallyaccept)whentheyseetheirneighborsgettinggrapes.Butthequalitiesthatwe

oftenthink

ofasuniquelyhumanexistnotjustonland,butintheoceanaswell.Amongtheinvertebrates,octopuses(八爪鱼)areknownfortheirintelligence,evenexhibitingevidenceofplayfulness,tooluse,andpersonality.Buttheseskilledpredatorslivealoneandconsequentlylackculture.Dolphins,ontheotherhand,arelarge-brained,long-living,social-group-basedpredators,anditisherethatwefindthegreatestsimilaritytohuman-likecultureandawareness.Culturedependsontheabilityofanimalstopassonthingstheyhave

learned

toothers.Manyanimalshavecultureinthissense,butwhatsetsdolphinsapartiswhattheypasson.Somebottlenosedolphinsholdspongesintheirmouthsthattheyuseastoolstosweepforfishhidingontheoceanfloor.

Thisabilityishandeddownthroughgenerations(especiallyinfemales),withsomefamilies-grandmother,mother,anddaughter-allfeedinginthishighlyspecializedway.Anothercharacteristicthatdolphinssharewithhumansistheirabilitytorecognizethemselvesinamirror.Whenfacingamirror,most

animals

behaveasthough

theyare

interacting

withanotherindividual.Eveninhumans,theabilitytorecognizethattheimageinamirrorisoneselfdoesnotoccurbeforetheageof18months.Dolphinsnotonlyrecognizethemselves,butifablackmarkisputonthebodyofadolphin,itwillspendextratimeatthemirrortolookatthemark.32.Theexampleofgorillasrejectingcarrotsshowsthey

_____.A.

arenoteasytofoolB.

preferfruittovegetablesC.

haveaspecialtasteforfoodD.

haveanawarenessofequality33.Whatdo

octopuseslackcomparedwithdolphins?A.

Socialinteraction.B.

Intelligence.C.

Toolusingability.D.

Fun-lovingspirits.34.Whatmakesdolphin

culturespecial?A.

Theytendtohuntingroups.B.

Theirhuntingskillsarepasseddown.C.

Their

learning

environmentisfavourable.D.

Theirfamiliesaretypicallyfemale-controlled.35.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Dolphinsenjoylookingattheirownreflectioninthemirror.B.

Dolphinsareasintelligentasatypical18-month-oldhumanbaby.C.

Dolphinsaregenerallyregardedasthemostadvancednon-humanspecies.D.

Dolphins’

abilitytorecognizetheirownreflectionisahigher-ordermentalskill.

第二节

(共5小题；每小题2.5分,

满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,

从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Criticalthinkingismakinganefforttoimprovethewayyouthink.

36

Weusethisprocess

tosolveproblems,makeargumentsandevaluateclaims.It’simportantinjustabouteveryareaof

life.Mostofourthinkingisnotcriticalthinking.Wedon’tneedtomakemanyjudgmentstotravel

toworkorcookdinner.

37

Criticalthinkingcansaveusfromblindlymakingpoorchoices.

So

howcanyouimproveyour

critical

thinking

skills?Youneedtopractise.Therearemanywaysof

doingthat.

Hereareafew:

·

38

Lookatarticlesorbookswrittenbypeople

onallsidesoftheissue.Foreachsource,evaluatetheargument:

Whatclaimisitmaking?Whatreasonsdoesitgive?Arethereasonslogical?·Whenyouseeorhearaclaim,askquestionsaboutit.Whoismakingtheclaimandwhy?Whatistheclaimant’sbackgroundandhowdoesthismotivatetheiropinion?·Evaluateyourownthinking.Wheredoyoutendtonotthinkcritically?Whydon’tyou?Howcanyouimprove?·Questionthingsyouassume.Whatclaimsdoyouacceptwithoutknowingthereasonsforthem?

39

Trytofindoutwhatothersbelieveaboutthatclaimandwhy.Asyougrowincriticalthinking,you’ll

becomeawiserandmorethoughtfulperson.

40

A.

Sticktoyourclaim.B.

Readaboutatopicpeopledisagreeon.C.Whenyouthinkofone,dosomeresearch.D.

It’sanalyzingfactsseparatelysoyoucanmakedecisions.E.

Anditmayhelpyoutosucceedatworkorschoolaswell.F.

We’ll

onlyuseitifwemakeaconsciousefforttoaskquestionsaboutwhatwesee.G.

Butwhenaproblemcomesourway,weneedtothinkcriticallytodecidehowtosolveit.

第三部分

语言运用

(共两节；满分30分)第一节

(共15小题；每小题1分,

满分15分)阅读下面短文,

从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Afamoustheoristoncesaid,

“Idon’tdividetheworldintotheweakandthestrong:orthesuccessesandthefailures...Idividetheworldintothelearnersandthenon-learners.”Whatonearthwouldmakesomeoneanon-learner?Everyoneisbornwithanintense

41

to

learn.

Babiesrisetothelearningchallengedaily.Notjustfor

42

tasks,butthemostdifficultonesofalifetime,like

leaning

towalkandtalk.Theyneverdecideit’stoohardornotworththe

43

.Babiesdon’tworryaboutmakingmistakesor

44

themselves.Theywalk,theyfall,they

45

.Whatputsanendtothisfearlesslearning?Afixedmindset.Assoonaschildrenbecome

abletoevaluatethemselves,someofthembecome

46

ofchallenges.Theyworryaboutnot

being

47

.

Myresearchteamhavestudiedthousandsofpeoplefrompreschoolerson,and

It’s

breathtakinghowmany

48

anopportunitytolearn.Weofferedfour-year-oldsa

49

：theycouldredoaneasyjigsaw(拼图)ortryaharderone.

Evenatthisyoungage,childrenwithafixedmindsetstuckwiththe

50

one.Theybelievesmart

kidsdon’tmake

51

.Childrenwithagrowthmindset,however,thoughtitwasa

52

choice.

Whywouldanyone

wanttokeepdoingthesamepuzzle

53

?

Theychoseincreasinglydifficult-onesinstead.Believingthatsuccessisaboutlearning,childrenwithagrowthmindsetseizedthechance.But

thosewithafixedmindsetdidn’t

wanttoexposetheir

54

.

Thisishowafixedmindsetmakes

peopleinto

55

.41.A.fear

B.drive

C.competition

D.concentration42.A.crucial

B.mental

C.ordinary

D.particular43.A.attention

B.effort

C.interest

D.time44.A.confusing

B.behaving

C.punishing

D.hurting45.A.getup

B.giveup

C.showup

D.shutup46.A.afraid

B.ashamed

C.confident

D.ignorant47.A.adorable

B.curious

C.modest

D.smart48.A.seize

B.ruin

C.reject

D.require49.A.lesson

B.choice

C.gift

D.game50.A.challenging

B.interesting

C.new

D.simple51.A.decisions

B.jigsaws

C.mistakes

D.predictions52.A.strange

B.promising

C.profitable

D.difficult53.A.repeatedly

B.unwillingly

C.automatically

D.properly54.A.secrets

B.thoughts

C.preferences

D.weaknesses55.A.theorists

B.perfectionists

C.non-learners

D.risk-takers

第二节

(共10小题；每小题1.5分,

满分15分；阅读下面短文,

在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Theglass.harpisoneofthemostextraordinaryinstrumentsintheworld.Itdoesn’tevenappeartobe

56

instrumentatfirstglance,anditisn’tactuallyaharpatall.Instead,it’sjustasetofglassesonatable.Theglassesareofdifferentsizesandsomearefilledwithwater.

57

(play)theglassharp,performerswetandrubtheirfingersalongthetopsoftheglasses.Eachglasswillthenproduceahigh

58

lowsound,dependingonitsshapeandhowmuchwaterit

59

(contain).Manypeoplethinkthesound

60

(create)isdelightful,likemusicyouwouldhearinheaven.It’sa

mystery

whoinventedtheglassharp.

Somesayit

first

appearedinChina,whileothers

say

Persia.

butitwas

in

Europe

61

it

become

the

most

popular.By

the1700s.

62

(Europe)

glassharpmasterscouldplayworksbyMozartand

Beethoven

on

theinstruments.Thislove

for

glassharpsdidn’tlastlong,

however,aspeople

lost

interest

63

awhile.Glassharpshaven’t

entirely

disappeared,though

youcan

still

find

somestreet

64

(music)playingthem

to

entertain

largecrowds.Ifyou’re

lucky

enough

tocatch

such

a

performance,

sitback,relax,andenjoy

the

baneful

sounds

of

his

65

(usual)

instrument.

第四部分

写作

(共两节,

满分40分)第一节

(满分15分)为迎接国外姐妹学校来访师生,

学校准备选拔“文化交流小使者

(YoungAmbassador

for

Cultural

Exchange)

”,

你打算参加。请写一份英语竞选演讲稿,

内容包括：1．自我介绍；2．竞选理由。注意：1．写作词数应为80左右：2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Good

morning,dearjudges.I’mCandidateNo.1.

第二节

(满分25分)阅读下面材料,

根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,

使之构成一篇完整的短文。AramandRossi’sBakeryWalkingalongthenarrowbricksidewalk,Aramtookadeepbreath.Theairsmelledoflemonsandbakedbreadandcoffee,comingfromRossi’sItalianBakery.

Hewasalmostthere.Aramstillcouldn’tbelievehis

luck.

Allhisfriendswereworkingboring

summer

jobs—waitingtablesand

babysitting.

Andherehewas,aboutto