牛津模块八Unit2 The universal language一轮复习资料

Unit2welcometotheunitwordpoweradj.theUniversalDeclarationofHuman世界人权宣言/宇宙的；全世界的auniversalrule普遍规律/普通的；一般的；全体的=generalauniversalmeter通用电表/通用的万能的Ex:那年普遍干旱_________________________________________________.足球是全球性的运动___________________________________________.witnessn.目击者，证人，证据Awitnesstoldthepolicehowthefirestarted,vt.目睹，目击，作证，说明Hewitnessedtheaccidentonthehighway.Ex:Aftertheexplosion,thepolicemandidalotofworktofindoutsomecluesfromthe____-n.theNorth/polarstar北极星ashootingstar流星Thesunisastar、、、是恒星afivepointedstar五角星/[星状物]afilmstar[明星]vt.Inthelistthestarredquestionsarethemostdifficult.(starred;starring)[常用被动态]用星（或星状物）装饰；加星号anoldfilmstarringCharlieChaplin以、、、为主演Ex:Weknowsomethingabouttheplaywhich________WangJi.A.starsB.starringstarstarredvt.及物动词vt.投；抛；掷；脱落-Heshutmeupinthecopperjarandhaditcastintothesea.-他把我禁锢在坛子里，并叫人把坛子抛入大海。·-Thefishermancasthisnetintothewater.-渔民把网撒在水里。·-Thehorsecastashoe.-马脱了蹄铁。选派演员，分派角色HewascastforthepartofYangZirong.他扮演杨子荣。Thepartwascasttohim.这个角色分配给他演。5．besetin以、、、为背景Thebookissetinthe17thcenturySpain.这本书是以17世纪的西班牙为背景。6．forthefirsttime第一次，首次，thefirsttime第一次做某事的时候（引导时间状语从句）Ex:________(第一次)Iwentcouldhardlyunderstandwhattheforeignerssaid.Thisis__________(第二次)thatyouhavebeenlatethisweek.Thisisthefirsttimeshehadbeenoutwithhimalone.=Thisisthefirsttime_____herbeingoutwithhimalone.7.takeon呈现出、、、；演绎takeon：招收，雇佣，接纳，增加（人手）；承担（任务、职责），接受（角色、职位）takeon：招收，雇佣，接纳，增加（人手）；承担（任务、职责），接受（角色、职位）Hereyestookonahurtexpression她的眼睛里流露出受委屈的神情Ex:翻译下列句子：Thecompanyistakingonnewstaff.Heisalwaysreadytotakeonheavyresponsibilities.JackieChenisgoingtotakeontheleadingroleinthismovie.8．bedrunkwith醉心于、、、，对、、、痴迷，陶醉于、、、HeisdrunkwithsuccessEx:translate:不要沉迷于网络。___________Theyaredrunkwithmakingavt/viHedarespeakinpublic.Hedaretospeakinpublic.Ex:Theshygirl_____dancebeforesomanystrangers,______she?’t;doesB.daren’t;dare’tdare;darenot;darescontrolover对、、、实施控制，控制Weshouldthinkofawaytoexercisecontroloverourexpenses.losecontrolof/be(get)outlosecontrolof/be(get)outofcontrol失去控制beincontrolofsth在、、、控制下，指挥，管理某事物underthecontrolof被、、、控制着bring/getcontrol;beundercontrol抑制；控制Ex:1）Thepilot______________________(失去控制)theplane.2)Shemanagedto______________________(控制住)hercarontheice.相关短语：exercisepatience/tolerance/poweroversb.对某人用耐心/忍耐力/权力exerciseone’sright行使权力相关短语：exercisepatience/tolerance/poweroversb.对某人用耐心/忍耐力/权力exerciseone’sright行使权力exerciseauthorityoversb管束某人Ex:翻译1）Heexercisehisrightasa2）Teachersexercise11．terrifyvt.恐吓，使感到恐怖Thethunderstormterrifiedthechild.大雷雨把这孩子吓坏了。terrifiedadj.害怕的，吓坏了的Theanimalswereterrifiedbythestorm.动物被风暴吓坏了Theywereterrifiedbyhissuddenappearance.他的突然出现，把他们吓了一跳。Thechildrenwereterrifiedofbeingscolded.那孩子害怕挨骂。v.恐吓，威胁；预示、、、的凶兆；有、、、的危险Hethreatenedtomakethephonepublic.他恐吓说要把那张照片公开。Theheavyblackcloudsthreatenastorm.乌云密布预示着暴风雨将到来。Therobberthreatenedmewithagun.threatensbwithdeath用死威胁某人threatentodosth威胁要做谋事Ex.翻译：他扬言要辞职。______________他没有威胁的意思。_____________Threatenpeace_________Threatensbwithdeath____________13．condemnvt.判刑，处刑；声讨；谴责Mostpeoplearewillingtocondemnviolenceofanysortasevil.任何人都愿意把任何暴力行为视为恶行加以谴责。相关搭配：becondemnedtodeath被判死刑；becondemnedto被宣告、、、相关搭配：becondemnedtodeath被判死刑；becondemnedto被宣告、、、condemnapersonfortheft：判某人盗窃罪becondemnedtoalifeimprisonment：被判无期徒刑Ex:Thejudge_______himforfraud.A.denouncedB.condemnedC.chargedD.accusedUnit2Projectn.特权；特别待遇vt.给予…特权eg.Itwasaprivilegetomakehisacquaintance.翻译句子：1)在许多国家，受教育是一种特权。2)与他交谈是很荣幸的事。2.voyagen.航海旅行指点迷津：voyage指不论路程长短的水上或空中的旅行journey一般指时间和距离都较长的陆路旅行，不含有回到原出发地的意思trip指短距离的旅行，常回到原出发地tour指周游或巡回旅行，常常是访问一系列地方后又回到原出发地travel泛指旅行这一行为过程。指具体的旅行时常用复数，用单数一般表示旅行的抽象概念练习：用voyage,journey,trip,tour或travel填空。Hisparentsareona____byshipnow.Hemadea__aroundtheGreek____inthemountainscanbeslowanddangerous.DidyougotoPairsduringyour____?3.playarolein在…担任…角色eg.Helenwishedtoplaytheleadingrole\part.练习：Wedon’tlikeherassheisalwaysspeakinghighlyoftheroleshe___inthegroups.A.makesB.playsC.takesD.acts2)翻译句子Thequestionofcostwillplayanimportantroleinourdecision.4.anchorv.使固定，使稳定；使停泊短语：beanchoredin…扎根于…之中beatanchor在停泊中完成句子：Thelargeship___________(停泊在)HuangpuRiver.5.essentialadj.不可或缺的，极为重要的；根本的，本质的.常用复数，必需品，要素，要点eg.Previousexperienceisnotessential.theessentialsofmaths数学纲要完成句子：Thereisno______(根本区别)betweenthetwomethods.Sunandwaterare______________________(是作物生长不可或缺的)。6．declinen.衰弱，减退，减少（常用单数）v.拒绝，谢绝；衰落，减弱用法拓展：declinesth.谢绝…..declinetodosth.谢绝做…onthedecline衰退中，走下坡的完成句子：Therehasbeen___________(逐渐减少)inthepopulationofthetown.He___________(拒绝回答)endv.打算,想，意图是用法拓展：end+that从句（从句用虚拟语气）2)intendedtohavedone本来打算做练习：句型转换Theyintendedtheplantobeputintopractice.=Theyintendthattheplan_________intopractice.2.翻译句子Hisgoodintentionswererepaidbygoodresults.upv.分解，拆散短语归纳：breakout（战争，火灾）爆发breakin闯入，插入breakoff使终止，打断breakinto闯入，打断（带宾语）breakthrough出现；突破breakdown分散，拆散；坏了；身体垮下来单选：Youwill___sonnerorlaterifyoukeepworkinglikethat.breakoffB.breakdownC.breakintoD.breakout2)Canhe___awayfromoldhabits?A.doB.putC.takeD.break9.appealn.\v.呼吁；恳求；诉诸，求助用法：1)appealtosb.forsth.appealtosb.todosth.恳求某人做某事appealto诉诸…用适当的介词填空Theideaappealed___Mary.Thesesubjectshavelosttheirappeal___moststudents.Hemadeonelastappeal___hisfathertoforgivehim.省略省略是英语中的一种避免重复，突出关键词语，并使上下文紧密连接的语法手段。英语中，省略的原则是既不损害语法结构，同时又不能产生歧义。不使用替代词的省略省略主语Ihavedonemorethan(what)isrequired.(You)Openthewindowandthedoorforme,please.省略主谓语或主谓语的一部分Why(do)not(you)saygoodbyetoyourlovelycousin?(Areyou)Ready?Trytoanswerthesequestionsinyourownwords.省略宾语---Whichofthemisbetter?---Well,itishardtotell(whichofthemisbetter).省略表语---Areyouhungry?---Yes,Iam(hungry).省略所有格后面的名词Jackandhissisterstayedinhisuncle’s(home)duringthesummervacation.Thegirl’shandwritingismuchbetterthanhisbrother’s(handwriting).省略定语从句中的关系代词关系代词that,which,whom在定语从句中作宾语时通常都可以省略。如：Thebook(that)heboughtlastweekiswrittenbyGuoJingming.Hereisthewonderfulbook(which)Ihavereadmanytimes.Theman(whom)youhadsaidhellotowasmyEnglishteacher.不定式中的省略a英语中为避免重复，经常省略上下文已提到的动词原形，只保留不定式中的小品词to；这类动词有：expect,forget,hope,intend,mean,prefer,refuse,try,want,wish,wouldlike和love等。如：Sheaskedmetodancewithher,butIdidn’twantto(dancewithher).---DoyouwanttogiveusalectureabouthowtouseanEnglishdictionary?---No,Iprefernotto(givealectureabouthowtouseanEnglishdictionary) b在haveto,need,oughtto,begoingto,usedto等后省略动词。如： Ireallydidn’twanttogotherewithhim,butIhadto(gotherewithhim).c在某些形容词等后省略后面的动词。如： ---Willyoujoininourdiscussion? ---I’llbegladto(joininyourdiscussion).d如果不定式中带有be,have,havebeen等，通常保留be,have,havebeen。如： ---Didhepassthedrivingtest? ---No,butheoughttohave(passedthedrivingtest).2．使用替代词的省略 （1）通常情况下，在省略了某个词、短语或句子时，还需要用某个替代词。常用的替代词有：do/does/did,so,not,neither,nor和thesame等。用助动词do/does/did来替代上下文出现的动词，以免重复。如：ShespeaksEnglishmorefluentlythanhereldersisterdoes.用so可替代单词、短语或句子，作believe,beafraid,expect,do,fear,hope,suppose,say,think等的宾语。如：---Willitbefinetomorrow?---Ihopeso.(Ihopethatitwillbefinetomorrow.)常见的省略结构（１）在虚拟条件句中，当助动词为were,had,should等时，连词if可省略，但were,had和should等需要倒装到主语的前面。如：HadIhadtime,Iwouldhavegoneshoppingwithyou.WereIyou,Iwouldgothereandhelphim.Shouldtheteacherhavetimenextweek,hewouldcometotheparty.（２）如果状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，并且从句的谓语部分有be动词，则可以将从句的主语连同be动词一起省略。引导这类主语从句的连词有：when,while,though,if和unless等。如：Theoldwomanwasknockeddownwhile(shewas)crossingthestreet.Thelittlegirlbegantocrywhen(shewas)askedbythepolice.（３）有些状语从句中，如果从句的主语是it，其后的be动词及其主语可以一起省略。这种结构通常为ifitispossible,whenitisnecessary等。:如：Pleasetrytofinishyourhomeworkbyyourselfif(itis)possible.We’llhavetheoldhousepulleddownwhen(itis)necessary.（４）在作状语的独立主格结构中，分词短语往往可以部分被省略。如：Thework(havingbeen)done,thesecretarylefttheofficeandwenthome.Theweather(being)fine,wedecidedtogoonapicniconthebeach. （５）由and连接的that引导的两个从句，第二个that不能省略。如：Theteachertoldme(that)IhadpassedthedrivingtestandthatIcouldhavearestthenextday.【考考你】一、单项填空1．--Doyouthinkitwillsnowtomorrow?--_______.don’tthink ,Idon’tthink don’tthinkso ,Idon’t2.–Willyougohometomorrowevening?amgoingtoalecture,oratleast,Iamplanning_____. becameagoodfootballplayer_____incollege. soonas thoughgreen,thedoormightlookmorebeautiful.painted painted paint itpaintedsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut____hesaidit.way thewaythat theway waywhichshouldhavegiventhemsomeadvice.--whocarewhatIoffered?itwas Ishould Idid shouldyou7.—Iwouldnevercometothisrestaurantfoodhereisterrible!--_____.amI wouldI withme doI8.—Wouldyouliketohavesomecakes?--thank.’dliketo ’dliketohave ’mfull ’dbettertohometeachertoldustoremainsilentunless________.beasked asked asked10.—(askingapatient)________?--Muchbetter.youfeelingbettertoday todayareyoufeelingtoday all11.—Youshouldhavethankedherbeforeyouleft.--Imeant_____,butIcouldn’tfindhereanywherewhenIwasleaving.do sosnowtomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpu ______andwillneverasksuvhasillyquestion.never asked neverasked14.—DidJanepickupsomeRussianwhenshewasonbusinessabroad?--Iimagine_____. was openedhermouthasif_____somethingimportant. say said havesaid16.—Shemustlooklikeaveryprettygirl.--Yes,Iimagine_____. saysyouareagoodnevermakeamistake,doyou?---_______.,never ,sometimes ,sometimes ,reallyofthesidesofthepapershouldbepaintedyellow,and______.otheriswhitewhite otherwhite iswhitehasbeenplanningthesummercamp?--Everyoneintheclass________. 20.—She’snotanEnglishteacher,isshe?--_________________.,andsheisn’t ,butshewas,butsheisn’t ,butshewastheweatherisfine,I’llwashmy_____,______.;not ;no ;no ;notplaysfootball______,ifnotbetterthan,David.well wellas well wellas23.—Maryisnotcomingtonight.--Butshe______. promise promised24.—Haveyoufoundthedog?--_________.am ’m ’mjustgoingto ’mjustgoingtwinsaredifferentinappearancebut_____incharacteristics. ’t ’t.将下列句子改写为省略句Youcomethisway,please.Ibegyourpardon.SheworksharderatEnglishthanIwork.Isthereanybodyyouwanttosee?Whydon’tyougopicknickingwithusinthemountain?Youmaygowithusifyouwanttogo.Marylikesreadingbetterthanshelikesgoingtoparties.Whatapityitisyoucan’tcomewithus!IwillgotothepartyunlessIaminvited.10.Unlessitisnecessary,you’dbetternotrefertothedictionary.11.Getupearlyyoudon’tgetupearly,youwillmissthefirstbus.12.--Ididn’tgotoseeourformerteacherwhileIwasinShanghai.--ButIthinkyoushouldhavegonetoseehim.看看省略了什么，写出完整的句子。yourpardon.likeawonderfulidea.wonderhecanplaycomputersowell.way,please.morequestions?tohavekeptyouwaitingforsolongatime.toSciencetogonow.单句改错Whynotaskingmeaboutit?HowaboutgotoShenzhenforourholidays?Thoughtiring,hekeptonworking.Whenfirstintroducingtothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhimnottodo.Ifgivingthesametreatmentagain,heissuretogetwell.–Youshouldhaveseenheroffattheairportyesterday.--Imeanttodo,butIhadtoattendanimportantconference. 8. --Didyouenjoytheperformancelastnight? --Yes,Idoenjoyit.9．Iaskedhimtoseethefilm,buthedidn’twanttosee.10.–Didhetellyouthatthemeetingwasputoff?--No,butheoughtto.11.Afterkilled,hewasthrownawayintotheriver.12.Idon’tknowwhetherhehaspassedtheisso,I’llbeveryglad.单词拼写根据所给单词的首字母及汉语意思完成句子。hasbeencalled‘theulanguage’becausepeopledonotneedtospeakthesamelanguagetounderstandit.film(由……主演)oftheworld’sgreatestfilmstars.3,Shylockwasacmoneylender,whowasalwayscrueltothepeoplewhoborrowedmoneyfromhim.wasfoundguiltyandctodeath.JoeTunerneverachievedmuchfamewhenhewasalivemainlybecausetherewasstillracialdintheUSAthen.filmisa(令人心碎的)lovestory.7．Thatmaniswith（醉心于）power.Turandot(折磨)Liu,andLiukillsherself.9．Shespeaks(流利的)Italian.10．Anorchestraisagroupofmthatmostlyplayclassicmusic.upbyhisgrandmother,Tomfeltagreataforher.thefactoryisclosed,manypeoplewillfaceu.wentliveabroadafterthebreak-upofher(婚姻).paincausedtheboytocry(大声地).andsnoware(现象)oftheweather.16．Notonlydidshespeak(正确地),butshespokeeasily.17．Whenshecameoutofthewater,shewastwithcold.thewhileshewas(使……感到恐惧)bythefearthatshehadcancer.don’tthinkheisthekindofpersontosay(恼人的)things.20．Achemistcanseparateamedicineintoit’s(成份).21．The(员工)hasbeengreatlyincreasedthisyearinourdepartment.22．Asonegrowsolderone’smemoryd.parentshiredaprivatettohelpmewithmyEnglish.vfromEnglandtoIndiausedtotakesixmonths.haslittle(吸引力)forme.26．Everycitizenhasthepofequality.lookedatherwithamofadmirationandcuriosity.spenttwoweeksinthehospitalrhisstrengthaftertheoperation.monthsofoverworking,Jackwassufferingfrommandphysicalexhaustion.hepushedher,she(摇摆)higherandhigher.短语和句子一．翻译下列短语1.世界语言2.五颜六色的服装和脸谱3.弦乐器4八场演出的首场5.歌剧演唱家6.在他生命的最后时期7.以日本为背景8.对――完美的9.覆盖着红色和金色的装饰镶板10.在一段感人的独唱表演中11.把他的未来托付给某人之手的关键要素13.故事的背景14.领取失业救济金15.人事部16.首张专辑17.流行歌曲排行榜上的冠军18.醉心于―－沉溺于――19.对―――实施控制20.食言、收回承诺21.被处死22.申请23.民歌24.扎根于――之中25.种族歧视26.发财、赚钱27.征召―――入伍28.解散、解体、分手29.从摇摆乐到摇滚乐30.巡回演唱他们的老歌二．完成句子1.几位世界顶级歌唱家担当主演，许多中国音乐家也参加了演出。It_________someoftheworld`sgreastsingers.ManyChinese_________werealso_______.2.它变成了一个美丽而令人心醉的爱情故事的发生地。Ithasbeen__________________the_______________abeautifuland________lovestory.3.不可能有比这更好的场景了。There_________________bea__________setting.4.故事随后演绎了发生在卡拉夫、图兰朵和柳儿三人之间的经典三角恋情。Thestorythen_________________aclassiclove_______________Calaf、TurandotandLiu.5.图兰朵不顾一切地想知道他的名字，她威胁、恐吓柳儿。Turandotis________________learnhisnameand_________and_________lLiu6.歌剧在一段美妙的终曲二重唱中结束。Theopera____________________abeautifully-_________final_________.7.他称得上是最受欢迎的作曲家之一。He__________his_________asoneofthemostpopularcomposers.8.这次表演让我激动得屏住呼吸。Theperformanceleftme_________________________excitement.Answers:welcometotheunit---wordpowerThedroughtisuniversalthatyear.;Footballisauniversalgame.D.firsttime;thesecondtime;of7.那家公司正在招人，你可以去试一试。；他总是乐于挑重担。；成龙将在这部影片中扮演主角。’tbedrunkwithnetwork.他们醉心于发财致富。controlof;keepcontrolof;incontrol他行使公民权。；教师对学生进行管束。threatenedtoresign.;Hedoesn’tmeantothreaten.;威胁和平；用死来威胁某人Grammar---projectEducationisaprivilegeinmanycountries.Totalkwithhimisaprivilege.,trip,travel,travels成本问题将在决策中起很重要的作用。atanchordifferenceessentialtothegrowthofcrops6.agradualdeclinedeclinedtoanswer7.shouldbeput他的善意得到了善报。8．BD9．to,for,to省略单项填空1----5CDABA 6----10CBCCD 11---15BBDCB16---20DBCCD 21---25ABBCA将下列句子改写为省略句way,please. .worksharderatEnglishthanI. youwanttosee?notgopicnickingwithusinthemountain?maygowithusifyouwantto. likesreadingbetterthangoingtoparties. apityyoucan’tcomewithus!willnotgotothepartyunlessinvited.necessary,you’dbetternotrefertothedictionary.upearlynot,youwillmissthefirstbus.12.—Ididn’tgotoseeourformerteacherwhileinShanghai.--ButIthinkyoushouldhave.看看省略了什么，写出完整的句子begyourpardon.soundslikeawonderfulidea.’snowonderhecanplaycomputersowell.thisway,plea