必修三Unit4Reading学习课件

必修三Unit4Reading学习课件第1页/共96页Doyouknowtheoriginoflife

onearth?Eachreligionorculturehasits

ownideasabouthowlifebegan

onearth.Brainstorming第2页/共96页____________separates(分)theskyfromtheearth.

InChineseculture…Pangu盘古skyearth第3页/共96页_____________madehumanbeings.Nuwa(女娲)第4页/共96页__________createdtheworldandall

livingthings.Inwesterncountries:God(上帝)第5页/共96页Day1:GodspokeandseparatedlightfromdarknesscreatingDayandNightDay2:GodspokeandseparatedthewatercreatingskyandoceanDay3:GodspokeandcreateddrylandTheBiblicalAccount第6页/共96页Day4:Godspokeandcreatedthesun,moonandstarsDay5:GodspokeandcreatedlivingcreaturesintheairandseaDay6:GodspokeandcreatedthelandanimalsandmanDay7:GodrestedandblessedthisdaycallingitHoly第7页/共96页IndiaBrahmaisthegodfirstrepresentedintheHinduTriad.Heisthecreatoroftheuniverseandalllivingbeingsaresaidtohaveevolvedfromhim.第8页/共96页Pre-reading

Lookatthepicture.Doyouknowthetopicofthisreading?第9页/共96页大爆炸宇宙产生示意图第10页/共96页BigBangGasNewstarsDyingstarsremnants第11页/共96页地球大气Theearth’satmospherenitrogenoxygendioxidecarbonvapour第12页/共96页Itwasfullofwater.第13页/共96页海洋里的细胞开始分裂第14页/共96页登陆第15页/共96页爬行动物第16页/共96页恐龙第17页/共96页Mammals第18页/共96页人类的兴起第19页/共96页1.Whywastheearthdifferentfromotherplanets?

Thewaterremained.2.Whydidtheplantsgrowbeforetheanimalscame?

Becauseplantsprovideoxygenforanimalstobreathe.Answerthequestions.FastReading第20页/共96页3.Whyisitwronginfilmsandstoriestoshowdinosaursandpeopletogether?

Becausedinosaursdiedoutlongbeforehumanbeingsdevelopedontheearth.第21页/共96页4.Thereusedtobenineplanetsinthesolarsystem.Recentlyscientistshavedecidedthatoneofthemcannolongerbeconsideredaplanet.Doyouknowthenameofthatplanet?Doyouknowwhytheyremovedit?

Pluto.Scientistsnowthinkitistoosmalltobecalledaplanet.第22页/共96页5.Whydoyouthinkthathumansarethecleverestanimalsontheearth?

Theyarethecleverestanimalsbecausetheyhavelargerbrainsthananyothercreatureontheearthsofar.6.Whatproblemiscausedbyhuman

beings?

Theycauseglobalwarming.第23页/共96页1.Whywastheearthdifferentfromotherplanets?A.Itproducedalotofheat.B.Thewaterremained.C.Thewaterdisappeared.D.Itwastheoldestplanet.Choosethebestanswer.B第24页/共96页2.Whywaslifeabletodevelopontheearthbutnotonotherplanets?A.Theearthhadasolidshape.B.Theearthdidnothaveharmfulgasesinitsatmosphere.C.Thewaterstayedontheearthbutnotonotherplanets.D.Theearthwasnottoohotandnottoocold.C第25页/共96页3.Whywasitnecessaryforplantstogrowbeforeanimals?A.Animalsneededplantstoprotectthemfromthesun.B.Plantsprovidedoxygenforanimalstobreathe.C.Animalscouldhidefromhuntersintheforest.D.Itwaseasierforplantstogrow.B第26页/共96页4.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat___.A.after“BigBang”,whatthedustwastobecomeremainedamysteryB.plantsappearedbeforetheanimalsC.plantsmultipliedandfilledtheoceanswithoxygenD.plantsplayedanimportantpartintheappearanceoftheanimalsD第27页/共96页Answerthefollowingquestions.1.Whatistheoriginalearth’satmospheremadeupof?2.Whydidscientistsbelievewaterisfundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife?Carbon,nitrogen,watervapour,andothergases.第28页/共96页Becausewaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseastoensureafollowingchainreaction,whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.

3.Howdidwatercomeintobeingontheearth?Theexplosionoftheearthproducedwatervapor,whichturnedintowaterwhentheearthcooleddown.第29页/共96页4.Whichkindoflife-beingfirstappearedontheearth,plantsoranimals?Why?Atfirst,smallplantsbegantoappearonthesurfaceofthewater,theyproducedoxygen,whichencouragedthelaterdevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.第30页/共96页5.Whyweremammalsdifferentfromalllifeformsinthepast?Theyweredifferentbecausetheyproducedtheiryoungfromwithintheirbodiesandproducemilktofeedthem.第31页/共96页I.Readthepara.2-4andfinishthetimeline.IntensiveReadingDevelopmentofLife(1)(BigBang):Theearthwasstillacloudof_____.dust第32页/共96页(between4.5and3.8billionyearsago):Thedustsettledintoasolid______.(explode):watervaporandsomeothergaseswereproducedandmadetheearth's____________.(cooldown):_____________appearedonthesurface.(lifebegan):Arrivalofsmall_______onthesurfaceofthewater.globeatmospherewaterplants第33页/共96页DevelopmentofLife(2)6.(multiply):Theoceansandseaswerefilledwith_______andthedevelopmentofshellfishandotherfishwereencouraged.7.(next):Greenplantsbegantogrowon_________.landoxygen第34页/共96页8.(followedintime):Landanimalssuchasinsectsand___________.9.(plantsgrewintoforests):Reptilesappeared.10.(afterthat):Hugeanimals,called__________developed.11.(dinosaursdisappeared):Itmadetheriseof________ontheearthpossible.amphibiansdinosaursmammals第35页/共96页Para.1Para.2Para.3Para.4Para.5Themainideaforeachparagraph.CarefulReadingAwidelyacceptedtheoryabouttheformationoftheuniverseTheformationoftheearthTheimportanceofwaterforlifeThedevelopmentofplantsandanimalsontheearthThearrivalofhumansandtheirimpactontheearth第36页/共96页1Insectsandamphibiansappeared.2Dinosaursappeared.3Theearthbecameasolidball.4Smallplantsgrewonthewater.5Reptilesappeared.6Plantsbegantogrowondryland.Puttheorderofdevelopmentoflifeintoatimeline.Usethereadingpassagetohelpyou.第37页/共96页7Theearthwasacloudofdust.8Waterappearedontheearth.9Shellfishandotherfishappeared.10Theuniversebeganwitha“BigBang”.11Cleveranimalswithhandsandfeetappeared.12Mammalsappeared.Answer:107384961521211第38页/共96页CombineintoExplodewithfireandrockdissolveharmfulgases

BigBangEnergeticdustaviolentsolidballAtmosphereWateroceansandseasCooldownFinishthefollowingform.Para

1-3第39页/共96页A

cloud

of

energetic

dust

AsolidballAtmosphere

Aworldfullofwater4132CombineintoExplodewithfireandrockdissolveharmfulgases

Cooldown第40页/共96页Afterthe_________,theearthwasacloudof______________.Laterthedustbeganto_______into______.Andthenit________loudlywithfireandrock,whichwereintimeto_________thewatervapour,carbondioxide,…whichweretomaketheearth’s____________.Astheearth_______down,_____beganto________onitssurface.Waterhad____________fromplanetsorsatellites,butit_______ontheearth.Thatmadeitpossibleforlifetobeginto________.Fillintheblankswiththeproperwords.energeticdustcombineexplodedproducecooledappear

disappearedstayed

develop“BigBang”aball

atmospherewater第41页/共96页1.smallplantsinwater2.shellfishandallsortsoffish3.greenplantsonland4.insects(onland)5.amphibian(onlandandinwater)6.forests7.reptiles(onland)8.dinosaurs(onland)9.mammals(onland)Para4:Finishthefollowingform.第42页/共96页arrivalofsmallplantsinwaterearly

shellfishplantsanimals

第43页/共96页allsortsoffishearlyshellfishAfew

kindsmany

kinds第44页/共96页PlantsinthewaterPlantsonlandwaterland第45页/共96页insectsdinosaurs

simplecomplex

第46页/共96页lowManhadevolvedfromapes.

达尔文(进化论)advanced第47页/共96页Thearrivalof___________encouragedthe____________ofearly________________________.Manymillionsofyearslater__________________begantoappear_________.Later____________appeared.Somewere________.Otherscalled__________,wereabletoliveonlandswellas__________.WhentheplantsgrewintoFillintheblanks.development

shellfishandallsortsoffish

on

land

land

animalsamphibians

small

plants

thefirstgreenplants

insects

inthesea第48页/共96页forests,_________appearedforthefirsttime.Aftertheydisappeared,_________becamemoreimportant.Theywerethelastgroupofanimalsdifferentfrombecausethey_________milkfromwithintheirbodies.

dinosaurs

mammals

produced第49页/共96页CanyoufindtheirEnglishinthereading?1.随后它会变成什么一直无法确定,直到约45亿至38亿年,这团尘埃最终变成一个固体圆球。2.地球变得如此激烈动荡,以致于不知道这个形状是否会继续存在下去。3.更重要的事，随着地球的冷却，地球的表面就开始出现了水。4.很多科学家相信,水的继续存在使地球得以把有害气体和酸的物质溶解到海洋里。第50页/共96页1.Whatproblemshavebeencausedbyhumanbeingstotheearth?2.Whatcanwedotoprotecttheearthandmakeitabetterplacetoliveon?FreeTalk第51页/共96页Wearemakingtheworldbetter.Wearemakingtheworldworse.Discussion第52页/共96页

solarenergyplanttreesrecyclerubbish

preventdesertificationsavewater

purifyairWhatcanwedototakecareoftheearth?第53页/共96页Whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthdependsonhumanbeings.Onlyifwecarewillwehelp;onlyifwehelpshallallbesaved!第54页/共96页Supposeyouweretheearth.Whatwouldyouadvisehumanstodo?Writealettertothehumanbeing.Writing第55页/共96页as在这里表示原因,意思是“因为”Ashewasill,heneededmorehelp.1.Nooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan,asithappenedsolongago.没人明白他在说什么，因为那太难理解了。Nooneseeswhathe’ssaying,

asitistoohard.Languagepoints第56页/共96页because,

as,

since与for

because表示原因的语气较强，回答why问句的提问。如果原因不重要，或为人所知，一般用as或since。for表示原因的语气较because弱，类似补充说明，一般不用来回答why提出的问题。引导的从句不能放在句首，而且前面一般用逗号与主句分开。第57页/共96页1._____youcan'tanswerthequestion,perhapswe'dbetterasksomeoneelse.2.Pleasebebrief______Iaminahurry.3.Myheadaches______wantofsleep.4.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,______thegroundiswetthismorning.5.Cyprus,___youknow,isanislandintheMediterranean.Fillintheblankswith

as,because,for

or

since.Sincebecauseforforas第58页/共96页2.Whatitwastobecome

wasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.主语从句定语从句它（地球）将成为什么样子一直是个谜，直到45-38亿年以前这些尘埃凝聚成一个固体球体。第59页/共96页betodosth.表示按计划或安排要做的事或者命运（即命中注定要发生的事)。e.g.Whenareyoutoleaveforhome?你什么时候回家？2)notuntil直到……才;直到……之前(……还不)e.g.Don‘ttalkuntiltheclassiscover.等到下课再讲话。第60页/共96页3.Theearthbecamesoviolentthat

itwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.地球（开始）变得激烈动荡，不知道这个形状是否会继续存在下去。it形式主语1）真正的主语是主语从句whethertheshapewouldlastornot。为了避免主语显得过长,可以用it作为句子的主语,把主语从句移到句子的末尾。e.g.Itiswell-knownthatwearegoodatEnglish!众所周知，我们擅长英语。第61页/共96页2)whether可以引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句;而if只能引导宾语从句。引导宾语从句既可以用whether,也可以用if。Couldyoutelluswhether/ifitsnowsinwinterinAustralia?第62页/共96页4.Theywereintimetoproduce…intime

及时;终于Shewillbebackin

timetopreparedinner.Thedoctorcameintime

tosaveherlife.医生及时赶来救了她的命。Maryusuallygetshomein

time

tobaththechildren.玛莉通常及时到家给孩子们洗澡。第63页/共96页注意:

intime还有“过些时候;最后”之意。You’llgetusedtoitin

time.过些时候你会习惯它的。Don’tworry.I’msurethingswillgetbetterintime.

别着急,我肯定过些时候事情会好转的。第64页/共96页time的短语some

time

at

times

kill

time

behind

time

all

the

time

at

a

time

at

this

time

at

that

time

in

time

of

一些时间时常消磨时间落后一直一次这时那时在....的时候

第65页/共96页at

the

same

timein

no

timein

the

daytimefor

a

long

timeat

one

timefor

the

first

timefrom

time

to

timetime

and

againhave

a

good

time同时

立刻在白天长时间同一时期，同时地第一次不时地反复地，不断地玩得高兴

第66页/共96页5.atmospheren.大气层;气氛Anatmosphereoftensionfiledtheroom.屋子里笼罩着紧张的气氛。Theatmosphereoverdinnerwaswarmandfriendly.用餐时洋溢着热情友好的气氛。注意:指“大气层”时,常用theatmosphere;

指“气氛”时,常使用单数形式。第67页/共96页6.WaterhadalsoappearedonotherplanetlikeMarsbut,unlikeearth,ithaddisappearedlater.unlikeprep.与……不同；不像；非……的特征归纳1)beunlike...相当于bedifferentfrom...2)unlikesth./sb.位于句首，常用于表示对比。

3)unlike的反义词为like。第68页/共96页7.….astheearthcooled

down,waterbegantoappear

onitssurface.

随着地球的冷却,地球的表面就开始出现了水。1)cooldown变凉,冷却2)appear

“出现,似乎”是不及物动词当表示“似乎，好像”时是系动词,该词无被动语态。

OurteacherappearedonTVthismorning.辨析:appearseemlook第69页/共96页I.含义上的差异appear

是指根据事物的外表表象做出判断的,但实质上并不一定如此;

seem是表示说话人主观上的判断,暗含有一定的根据,往往接近事实的判断;

look是根据视觉印象而得出的判断,实质上也可能如此。Sheisfiftybutsheappearsyoung.她五十岁了,但看起来很年轻。(其实并非如此)Sheseemsyoung.(Ithinksheisyoung.)她看起来很年轻。(个人的主观判断而推断出)Shelooksyoung.她很年轻。(从他外表可出感觉出)第70页/共96页II.用法上的差异

a.appear,look,seem

后均可带名词、形容语、

tobe结构。

Themanwhocameyesterdayappeared/

seemed/lookedanhonestman.

昨天来的那个人看来是一个诚实的人。b.look

可用于进行时,而

seem,

appear

一般

不能。

Heislookingveryhappy.

他现在看起来很高兴。第71页/共96页c.appear

和

seem

之后可接动词不定式的一般式、完成式以及其他形式,而

look

之后除了能接tobe结构外,不接其它动词不定式形式。

Sheappearedtoagreewithyou.

他好像同意你的意见。

Theydon’tseemtohavereadthisnovel.

他们好像没有读过这本小说。第72页/共96页d.look,seem

能与介词like构成习语,意思是“看上去象”,而appear

却不能。如:ItseemslikeyearssinceIlastsawyou.

自从上次见到你后，好像很久没有见到你了。

Helookslikeastudent.

他看起来象个学生。e.seem,look

后均可接asif,asthough引导的表语从句，从句中既可用陈述语气也可用虚拟语气，而

appear

则不能。

Itseemed

/lookedasifhehadbeentoBeijing.看起来他去过北京。第73页/共96页f.appear和seem均可接that引导的从句,而

look

不能。

Itseems/

appearsthatwewon’tfinishthisworktoday.

我们好像今天完不成这项工作。g.appear和seem

可用于therebe结构中，而

look

不能。如:Thereappearstohavebeenanaccident.

好像出了一次事故。第74页/共96页8.Others,calledamphibians,wereabletoliveonlandaswellasinthewater.aswellas…“(除...之外)也，又”,可连接并列的单词或短语Maryaswellasherparentslikestolistentomusic.Hegrowsflowersaswellasvegetables.Ateachershouldentertainaswellasteach.Thechildislivelyaswellashealthy.aswell相当于too，一般放在句末。Heisaworker,andapoetaswell.第75页/共96页aswellas相当于notonly…butalso，但两者在用法上有不同notonly…butalso侧重后者，aswellas则着重前者，即AaswellasB=notonlyBbutalsoA。Mr.Brownhasexperienceaswellasknowledge.（侧重前者，即experience）=Mr.Brownhasnotonlyknowledgebutalsoexperience.（着重后者，即butalso后面的部分）第76页/共96页9.…bylayingeggs.

lay-laid-laid-laying

放,把…放在…；产卵

Helaidhisbooksonthedesk.注意:lie(lay;lain;lying)躺；位于

lie(lied;lied;lying)说谎Thenaughtyboy____tomethatthehenthat____therejustnowhad____twoeggsthedaybefore.A.laid;laid;laidB.laid;lay;lainC.lied;laid;lainD.lied;lay;laidD第77页/共96页Ahen____inthecornerquietly.Afterawhilethehen____anegg.Buttheman____tohiswifethattheeggwasboughtintheshop______inthecentreofthetown.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformoflieor

lay.laylaidliedlying第78页/共96页10.givebirthto1)生(孩子)

She’sjustgivenbirthtoahealthybabygirl.她刚刚生了个健康的女婴。2)产生Theextraordinaryexperiencegavebirthto

hislatestnovel.这段奇特的经历促成了他的最新的一部小说的诞生。第79页/共96页11.Whytheysuddenlydisappearedstill

remainsamystery.remain在这里是系动词，意思是“保持；仍然是”，后面可接形容词、过去分词、名词、介词短语等作表语。Sheremainedsilentallnight.Theworkremainedunfinished.Thelabourshortageremainsaproblem.Peoplethereremaininpoverty.由why引导的从句在句中作主语，称为主语从句。第80页/共96页12.Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,whichpreventsheat

from

escapingfromtheearthintospace.他们把太多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中,这就使得热量不能从地球上散发到太空中去。preventsth./sb.(from)doingsth.

制止(防止)某人(某物)做某事Therulesareintendedtoprevent

accidents.Whatcanwedotoprevent

thisaccident(from)happening?第81页/共96页Iintendtogoandnothingyoudocanprevent

me!(阻止)Nothingcanprevent

thisplanfrombeingcarriedout.注意:类似结构keep/stopsb.fromdoingsth.,但keepsb.fromdoingsth.中from不可省略,prevent/stopsb.fromdoingsth.中的from可省，但如在被动语态中,他们中的from都不可省。第82页/共96页Itriedtokeep

him

from

waiting

forher.我试图叫他不要再等她了。Itriedtokeep

him

waiting

forher.我试图让他等她。第83页/共96页13.Asaresultofthis,manyscientistsbelievetheearthmaybecometoohottoliveon.asaresultof是短语介词，后跟名词、代词等，意为“由于…的原因”，相当于becauseof。Hewaslateasaresultoftheheavysnow.

asaresult为副词用法，意为“结果是”，后面指事情的结果。Hegotupverylatetoday.Asaresult,hemissedthefirstbus.

第84页/共96页14.…theearthmaybecometoohotto

liveon.地球可能会因此变得太热而不适合生物的生存。有关too的一些用法。1)too作“太”讲。Thereistoo

muchwater.水太多了。

Thisshirtistoo

largeforme.这衬衫我穿起来太大。

Theproblemisrathertoo

hardforme.这个问题对我来说太难了。第85页/共96页2)“too＋adj.＋to”,

有两种意义,一种为“太……以至(不)……”,在翻译时要加上一个否定词；另一种是“太……”,语意肯定,但too后的形容词常用ready，heavy，beautiful等。Thequestionistoo

hard

to

understand.问题太难,理解不了。Heistoo

proud

to

seehisownshortcomings.他太骄傲了以至于看不到自己的缺点。Youaretoo

ready

to

findfaultswithothers.你太爱挑别人的毛病了。第86页/共96页3)“only/all/not/but＋too＋adj.＋to”,

后面的动词不定式在翻译时不必加否定词。only等与too连用等于very(非常)。Ishallbeonlytoo

pleased

to

hearfromyoufurther.我非常欢迎你再来信。Theyarebut

too

glad

to

doso.他们非常喜欢这么做。We

areonlytoopleasedtoworktogetherwiththeworkers.我们和工人们一起劳动,非常高兴。第87页/共96页4)“cannot／cannever...too”,

表示“无论怎样……也不会过分”。

Youcannotpraisehimtoohighly.你无论怎样表扬他也不过分。Wecannotbetoocarefulindoingexperiments.我们做实验无论怎样小心也不过分。Youcanneverb