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航空航天大学毕业设计( )第62为了减少仿真系统的复杂性，使用命令测试之间的通信机构。系统设置五个端口作为每个太空来模拟接口。模拟接口的，其仿真系统设置五个端口作为每个star-carried。在网络节点的网络管理正常的情形下，以节点对Get请求的答复为例子,响应时间和节点数量属性之间的关系如图3所示。3航空航天大学毕业设计( )第7疑似故障检测的网络流量，它根据管理通信、网络以及节4率超过40%，协作生成的网络流量的增加并不明显，这是因为该算法选择协作量的浪费而不是管理通信和节点频繁的互动。故障率低，故障诊断的完整率高的情形下，合作时间短，且流量很低。然而,在足网络故障检测的要求。航空航天大学毕业设计( )第8结参考FanXF,JiangXW．ResearchofMulti-Agentbasedsalitefaultdiagnosisandfusiontechnology[J]．SpaceScienceandLONGBing,JIANGXing-wei,SONGZhengji.Real-timemonitoringanddiagnosistechnologyforsaliteemetrydatabasedonmulti-agent[J].ACTAAER0NAUTICAETASTR0NAUTICAHouxia,YangHongpo,FanZhihua,“AMendFaultDiagnosisAlgorithmoftheSaliteNetwork,”TransactionofSystemsimulation,November2006:3172–3175.WUMing-qiao,ZHONGHai-rong.DevelopmentofFederationPrototypeofSaliteNetworkBasedonHLA/RTI[J].JOURNALOFSYSTEMSIMULATION.2004,16(6):1292-1295.HEYong-jun,DAIJin-hai,LILian-jun.DesignandImplementationoftheIntegratedModelingandSimulationEnvironmentforMulti-SaliteSystems[J].Computersimulation.2004,21(5):28-31.ChenHB，SongZJ，JiangXW,“Theapplicationoffuzzyinferencebasedoncomponentinthesalitefaultdiagnosis,”SpaceScienceandTechnology,2004,1:56–60.CampaGiampiero，FravoliniMarioLuca，Napolitano航空航天大学毕业设计( )第9“Neuralnetworks-basedsensorvalidationfortheflightcontrolsystemofa77researchmodel,”InProceedingsoftheAmericanControlConferenceAnchorage,January2002:412–417.YaoMin,ZhaoMin,“Multi-gradefaultydiagnosisdesignofsmall lite,”spacescienceandtechnology,February2007:47-Verikoukis,C.;Alonso,L.;Giamalis,T.“Cross-layeroptimizationforwirelesssystems:aeuropeanresearchkeychallenge,”IEEECommunicationsMagazine,2005,43(7):1–3.A.Alessandri,"Faultdiagnosisfornonlinearsystemsusingabankofneuralestimators*1,"ComputersinIndustry,2003,52:271-289.20102010ThirdInternationalConferenceonInligentNetworksand ligentA liteNetworkFaultDetectionZHANGShenYangLigongUniversityShenyang,P.R.

DONGShenYangLigongUniversityShenyang,P.R.—Salitenetworkischaracterizedbyitstime-varyingtopology.Forthecommunicationresourcesarescareandexpensive,itisveryimportanttodetectthenetworkfaultintime.Howeverthecommonfaultdetectionmethodsusedinterrestrialnetworkarenotsuitabletosalitenetwork.Soinsalitenetworkaefficientandlightweightfaultdetectionmethodisputforward.Whenasaliteagentcouldrespondtothenetworkmanagementinstructionreceivedfromthethroughnetworkmanagementtechnique.Ifthesalitecouldnotrespondtothenetworkmanagementdemand,theintra-cooperationorinter- cooperationwouldbeactivated.Theablefaultofsalitecouldbetestedthroughcooperationamongthefaultdetectionagentsinsalites.Thesimulationresultsshowsthatinthecircumstanceofthelowfaultyfrequency,thenewmethodcouldbeeffectivelyusedinsalitenetworkwithshortcooperativetimeand-salitesnetwork;networkmanagement;faultdetection;cooperationWiththedevelopmentofnetwork,salitenetworkhasgrowntobeacommonusersystem,andhasbeenwidelyadoptedinbothcommercialand ernmentuse.Asistrueformanysystems,salitenetworkhastransitionedtoeIP-centrictobecompatiblewithbasebandapplicationsthathave ecrucialformanymissions,andespeciallyforsdeployedtoareashavinglittleornocommunicationinfrastructure.ThisgreaterrelianceoncommercialsalitenetworkhasbenefitedthewarfighterbyallowingrapidinfusionofIP-centricefficientsystems.Theefficiencyofthissystemisacoreattributeofthecommercialmarket,whichembracestheprinciplesofoptimizingtotalsystemcostinclusiveofcapitalacquisitionandoperationalcost.Ingeneralthesesystemshavebeenstandards-based,butcommercialmarketsegmentationhascausedthesesystemstobeoptimizedforthevariousmarketsegmentstheyservedrangingfromsmalltolargenetworksandfromhub-spoketomeshtopologies.Salitenetworkhas eahottopicandtherecentresearchhasfocusedonthesalitenetwork.Howeverthecommonsalitefaultdiagnosismodelsandmethodsalltakesthesalitesasasingleisolatedentity,lackingofthesalitenetworkfaultdiagnosismethods. characteristicsandreal-timefaultdetectiondemands,anefficientandeffectivefaultdiagnosisisputforwardinthis

paper.Themethodbasedonthecooperationwiththesaliteagentscanreducetheresourcesofsalitecommunication. LITENETWORKMANAGEMENTCurrentandproposedsalitecommunicationsnetworksuselowearthorbit(LEO)conslationsaswellasgeosynchronous(GEO)salitesystems.GEOsaliteshaveahighpropagationdelaybutafewsalitesareenoughtoprovideconnectivityacrosstheglobe.LEOsaliteshavelowerpropagationdelaysduetotheirloweraltitudes,butmanysalitesareneededtoprovideglobalservice.WhileLEOsystemshavelowerpropagationdelay,theyexhibithigherdelayvariationduetoconnectionhandoversandotherfactorsrelatedtoorbitaldynamics.TheeffectsofthepropagationdelaysarefurtherintensifiedbythebufferingdelaysthatcouldbeoftheorderofthepropagationdelaysespeciallyforbesteffortTCP/IPtraffic.ThelargedelaysinGEOs,anddelayvariationsinLEOs,affectbothrealtimeandnon-realtimeapplications.ManyrealtimeapplicationsaresensitivetothelargedelayexperiencedinGEOsystems,aswellastothedelayvariationexperiencedinLEOsystems.Inanacknowledgmentandtimeoutbasedcongestioncontrolmechanism(likeTCP),performanceisinherentlyrelatedtothedelay-bandwidthproductoftheconnection.Moreover,TCPRoundTripTime(RTT)measurementsaresensitivetodelayvariationsthatmaycausefalsetimeoutsandretransmissions.Thereforethespaceenvironmentalsoaffectsthecommunicationbetweenthesalites.Sosalitenetworkmanagementwasfacedalotofchallenges.Accordingtothetime-varyinggeometryofsanetwork,adynamichierarchicalnetworkmanagementsystemhasbeenputforward.Basedonthissystemarchitecture,thesalitenetworkmanagementsystemisdividedintothreelevels.Thefirstlevelisthecentralmanagementstationdeployedontheground,whichisresponsibleforthemanagementofsub-stationandinchargeofcreatingthesalitenetworktopology,etc.Thesecondlevelisconsistedofthesub-stationsdeployedontheground.Thesesub-stationsareresponsibleformanagingthesaliteagentsinthemanagementandcreatingthelocalnetworktopology.Theupperlevelisconsistedofsaliteagentswhicharemanagedbythesub-stationsandthecentralstation.Thesalitenetworkmanagementlevelisshowninfigure1.Inthesalitenetworkmanagementarchitecture,sub-stationandthesalitesagentscomposedamanagement.Saliteagentscoulddynamicallyregisteredinandloggedoutthemanagementaccordingtothe978-0-7695-4249-2/10$26.00©2010SponsoredbyCollegeInnovationGroupprojects978-0-7695-4249-2/10$26.00©2010

communicationdelaybetweenthesub-stationandthesaliteagents.Forthewholesalitenetworktherearemultiplemanagement exist.Amanagementistheaggregateofsaliteagentswhichhaveregisteredinthemanagementsub-stationontheground.Theaggregateupdatedynamically.Whenanewsaliteagentwantstojointhemanagement ,itfirstregisteredtothemanagementsub-station.Thenthemanagementsub-stationjustifythesaliteagent.Ifthesaliteagentisaccepted,itcouldbemanagementbythesub-station.Thisnetworkmanagementmechanismissuitabletosalitenetworkofthetime-varyinggeometry. Figure1.SalitenetworkmanagementlevelTheefficientandlightweightsa networkfaultdetectionmethodAnefficientfaultdetectionmethodcouldefficientlyandeffectivelysupportthesalitenetwork.Sothesalitenetworkfaultdetectionisahottopic.Inordertoestablishthesalitenetworkfaultdetectionmothod,andgiveprominencetothemainproblemsforthefaultdetection,wesupposedwithsimplicity.FirstlyinthissalitenetworkthenetworkmanagementprotocolwasSNMP,thecentralmanagementstationandthesub-stationrunthesalitenetworkmanagementsystem.EachsaliterunstheSNMPagent(calledsaliteagent,SA).Secondlythefaultofcommunicationlinkwasnotconsideredinthispaper.Sothecommunicationlinkcouldprovidesatisfactoryservice.Thirdly,themanagementwhichsaliteagentsbelongtoremainsthesameduringthemanagementsub-stationpollingallthesalitesagentsinthis.Inordertodefinethefaultofsalitenetwork,thispaperdefinedthefaultasthreetypes:nodefault,agentfault,interfacefault.Insalitenetwork,ifsalitenodecannotbemanagednormallyinnetwork,namely,thesalitehavenoresponsetothenetworkmanagementinstructions,andeachsaliteinterfacecannotbeconnected,wedefinethiskindoffaultasnodefault.Insalitenetwork,ifthesalitenetworknodecouldbemanagednormally,butatleastoneinterfacecannotbeusedtocommunicate,wedefinethistypeoffaultasagentfault.Insalitenetwork,ifthestateofoneportinnodes-switcherofsaliteisfailure,ortheportcannotcommunicatewithothers,wedefinethesalitewhichiscorrespondingtotheportasagentinterfacefault.

FaultdetectionbasedonnetworkBypollingtheMIBinformationinthenetworknode,themanagementsub-stationcanjudgewhethertheworkconditionofeachinterfaceinthesaliteisproper.ThedecisioncanbemadeaccordingtothevalueoftheifOperStatus.IfthevalueoftheifOperStatusiszero,itshowstheinterfaceisfaulty,otherwiseitworkproperly.Ontheotherhand,thecongestionandlinkfailureofeachinterfaceinthesalitecanalsobedetectedbyyzingthedataoftheinterfaces.Eachmanagementsub-stationmanagethesalitewithinit’smanagement andreportthestateinformationdataofalltheinterfacesineachsaliteonmanagementcenterafterapollingisfinished.ThemanagementcentercouldestablishthewholenetworktopologyaccordingtotheMIBinformation.FaultdetectionbaedontheWhenthenodeisfault,themanagementsub-stationcannotdifferentiatethesalitenodefaultortheinterfacefault,forthefaultnodecouldnotrespondtothepollingfromthemanagementsub-station.Namelythereisnoresponseafterthemanagementsub-stationsendingthenetworkmanagementinstructions.Onlywhenallsaliteinterfacesarejustifiedbyfault,thesalitenodefaultcouldbededuced.Buthowtodeduceallsaliteinterfacesfaultisdifficult.Inthispaperalightweightandefficientfaultdetectionmethodisputforward.Thismethodisbasedonthecooperationamongthesaliteagents.Thecooperationalgorithmisdescribedasbelow.WhentheSNMPcommandfromthemanagementsub-stationcouldberespondedbythesaliteagent,thesalitenodethencheckupthenodeasedfaultnode,andinitializeanewcooperation.Themanagementsub-station poseandsynchronizethetasks,andseparatethetasktoaseriesofMoreover,theThemanagementsub-stationsynchronizethetaskanddeterminetheexecutivesequenceofeachMetaAction.Aftertheupperthreesteps,themanagementsub-stationestablishthetheoriticaltopolotyandactualeopolotyofmanagementinwhichtheedfaultnodeisbelongedto.Basedonthesetopologiesandthelocation,thecommunicationdistanceandrelativemotionofeachnodewiththeedfaultsalitenode,abestsalitewaschosentocorrespondtotheinterfaceoftheedfaultsalitenode.Ifthereisnosalitenodecouldbecooperatedwithinmanagement ,turnto(5).Underthissituationthemanagementsub-stationsendscooperationtaskstoeachcooperationagents.Eachagentsexcutesthecooperationtaskandtrytocommunicationtotheedfaultsalitenodeandreportedthecooperationresulttomanagemnetsub-sataion,turnto(8).Ifthesalitenodecorrespondingwiththespecificinterfaceofedfaultsaliteinthemanagementcouldbefound,themanagementsub-stationsendsacooperationrequeststonetworkmanagementcenterandsendthetask positionandsynchronousinformationtonetworkcenter.Networkmanagementcentergeneratestheoriticaltopologyofglobalsalitenetworkandactualglobaltopology,andselectesanoptimalcoordinationsalitecorrespondingwithoneinterfaceofedfaultsalite.Ifthechoiceissuccessful,turnto(8).Ifthechoiceislost,waitforarandomtime(<200ms),turnto(6).Networkmanagementcentersendscoordinationtasktothebestcooperationnode.Collaborationnodereportstheresulttothemanagementcenterafterfinishingcoordinationtask,networkmanagementcenterwilltransmittheresulttomanagementsub-stationafterreceivingthecooperationfaultandconfirmingthefaulttype.Thiscooperationalgorithmisefficientandlightweightforithadnomoreresourcesrequestforeachsaliteagents.Furthermoreitcanrunefficiently.Byyzingthealgorithm,wecanfindthatthealgorithmchoosethesaliteascooperationnodeinmanagementpreferentiallyintheprocessofcooperation,itcangreatlyreducethecommunicationcostwhichthereal-timefaultdetectionandcooperationbringingin.Itwilltriggerthecooperationbetweenthemanagement whenthereisnocooperationnodeinmanagement ,thenetworkmanagementcenterselectsthecooperationnodeaccordingtospecificalgorithm.Thisalsocanreducetheoverheadofcommunicationcooperationandimprovethereal-timefaultdetectioneffectively.Thesimulationand Inordertotesttheeffectivenessofthealgorithm,wehaveestablishedtheexperimentasshowninfigure2.Thesimulationisbasedonthehalf-entitygroundtestenvironmentofHLA/RTI,thesalitenetworksmakeupoftheorbitingsalitesnode.Eachfunctionpartofsimulationjointhefederationasfederalmember.Thefunctionalsimulationpartsincludethosesalitemembers,linkmembersandmembersoftheroute.

communicationsloadsimulationmodules.Theotherpartisnetworkmanagementsubstationsandmanagementcenterthatcomposedofaseriesofsimulatemembers.Inordertoreducethecomplexityofthesimulationsystem,usingthecommandoftotestthecommunicationbetweensaliteagencies.Systemsetsfiveportsforeachspace-borneagenttosimulatethesaliteToreducethecomplexityofsimulationsystem,inthesimulationsystem,weusecommandfortestingamongthesaliteagencies.Tosimulateinterfaceofsalite,thesimulationsystemsetsfiveportsforeachstar-carriedagent.Onconditionthatnetworkmanagementofsalitenetworknodesisnormal,taketheresponsethatsalitenodesgivetoGetrequestmessageforexample,therelationshipbetweenresponsetimeandtheattributesofnodesacquiredisshowninFigureAsshowninFigure3,onconditionthatnetworkmanagementofsalitenetworknodesisviable,theresponsetimeincreasesasthenumberofnetworkattributesrises,responsetimeofnetworkmanagementinstructionsisinmillisecondgrade,thatmeetsthetimedemandofsalitenetworkmanagement.Figure

Simulation

Figure3.RelationshipbetweenattributesnumberandresponseTherelationshipbetweenthecollaborationflowandthefailurerateisshowninFigure4.Inthispaper,collaborationflowreferstothenetworktrafficgeneratedthroughcollaborationduringthefaultdetectionofedfaultstarsinthesalitenodes,anditiscalculatedbythenumberofpacketsinctedamongthemanagementsub-station,networkmanagementcenterandsalitenodesinthecollaborationperiod.ThroughtheysisofFigure4,wecanseethatcollaborationflowrisesasthefailurerateincreases,oncetheSalitenetworksimulationconstitutesoftwoparts,themainpartisasetofsalitefederalmember,eachmembersimulateagroupofsalitenodeentity,itconstitutesofspace-borneagencymodule,spacebornetformequipmentsimulationmodule,space-bornetaskmodules

failurerateismorethan40percent,theincreaseofnetworktrafficthatcollaborationgeneratedisnotdistinct,thisisbecausethealgorithmchoosescollaborationnodesbycomparingthetheoreticalandpracticaltopologyinthemanagementsub-stationornetworkmanagementcenter,anditwillcausethewasteofnetworktrafficinsteadofthefrequentinctionbetweenmanagementsub-stationandnetworkmanagementcenterinctwiththesalitenodes.

Salitenetworkischaracterizedbyitstime-varyingtopologyandlongcommunicationdelay.Butthisnetworkisveryimportantanditsresourcesareveryscareandcostly,thefaultdetectionforthenetworkisaimportanttopic.Inthispaperaefficientandlightweightfaultdetectionwasputforwardandsimulated.Thesimulationresultsshowthatthefaultyfrequencyislower,thecooperativetimeisshorter.Furthermorethelowerthethroughput,thehighertheFigure4.RelationshipbetweenfailurerateandcollaborationComprehensivesimulationresultsshowthat,onconditionthatnetworkmanagementofsalitenetworknodesisviable,wecandonearlyreal-timedetectionoftheinterfacefaultsofthenodes.Otherwise,thefaultdetectioncanbecompletedbythecollaborationamongnodes.Inthecaseoflownodefailurerate,thecompletenessrateofthefaultdiagnosisishigh,cooperatetimeisshortandflowislow.However,inthecaseofhigh