2023届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit4Astronomy

本文格式为Word版，下载可任意编辑——2023届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit4Astronomy1．Nooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan,asithappenedsolongago.[句式分析]

[尝试翻译]没有人确凿知道地球是怎样开始的，由于在很久以前它就形成了。

2．Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.[句式分析]

[尝试翻译]随后它变成什么没人确定，直到45～38亿年前，这团尘埃才渐渐地形成了一个固态的球体。

3．Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.

[句式分析]这是一个复合句。what引导主语从句；that引导表语从句；as在表语从句中引导状语从句。

[尝试翻译]更重要的是，随着地球的不断冷却，地球表面出现了水。4．Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.

[句式分析]

[尝试翻译]所以，在未来的数百万年中，生命能否在地球上延续取决于这个问题能否得到解决。

Ⅰ.阅读理解A

Somenewcomets(彗星)havebeendiscoveredaccidentallybyamateur(业余的)astronomers.Surprisinglyafewbrightcometshavebeendiscoveredwiththenakedeye(肉眼)bymembersofthegeneralpublic.However,agreatnumberofcometsarefoundbycomethunterscarryingouttelescopesearchesofchosenareasofthenightsky.

AsthemovementofallcometsisdirectedaroundtheSunandbecausethesebodiesbrightenastheymovetowardstheSun,thereisagreaterpossibilityforthediscoveryofanewcometintheskiestowardstheSunratherthanawayfromtheSun'sdirection.Thismeansthatsearchesshouldbeputonthewesternskyaftereveninglightandontheeasternskybeforemorninglight.

Fromtheastronomicalpointthereisnotimeduringtheyearwhichisthebestforthediscoveryofnewcomets.AsearchcanbedoneatanytimeprovidingthereisnobrightMoon.

Studiesdoneonthediscoveryconditionsofcometsdiscoveredbeforeshowthatmorecometshavebeendiscoveredinthemorningskythanintheeveningsky.Thusthesmartcomethuntershouldmakesurethatmorningactivityreceivesasmuchifnotmoreattentionthananyeveningeffort.

Inrecenttimes,theuseofadvancedCCDtechnologytodiscoverobjectsclosetotheEarthwillinthefuturegreatlyreducethechancesofnewcometsbeingfoundwithsmalltelescopes.AnexampleofthenewtechnologyistheverysuccessfulLINEARprogramoperatinginNewMexico.However,untilasimilarsystemisbasedinthesouthernhalfoftheEarththerewillcontinuetobechancesforthediscoveryofnewcometswhichcomefromthesouth.语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章介绍了观测彗星的要领。

1．Whatarecomethuntersadvisedtodo?A．LookawayfromtheSun.

B．Staywherethere'sbrightlight.

C．Facethewesternskyinthedaytime.D．Turntotheeastintheearlymorning.

解析：选D细节理解题。由其次段中的“Thismeansthatsearchesshouldbeputonthewesternskyaftereveninglightandontheeasternskybeforemorninglight.〞可知，早晨太阳出来之前应观测东面的天空。

2．Whatdoweknowaboutthetimeforthediscoveryofnewcomets?A．Dayswhenthey'reclosetotheEartharegreatchances.B．Certainfixeddaysarebestforwatchingcomets.C．Everydayisthesameifthere'snobrightMoon.D．DayswiththeMoonshouldneverbemissed.解析：选C细节理解题。由第三段中的“AsearchcanbedoneatanytimeprovidingthereisnobrightMoon.〞可知，只要没有月亮，每一天对彗星猎人来说都一样可以观测。3．Whichofthefollowingisasmartideaforcomethunters?A．Payingmoreattentioninthemorningthanintheafternoon.B．Beingequallyseriousbothinthemorningandafternoon.C．Beingmorerelaxedinthemorningthanintheafternoon.D．Formingahabitofworkingonlyinthemorning.

解析：选B推理判断题。由第四段中的“Thusthesmartcomethuntershouldmakesurethatmorningactivityreceivesasmuchifnotmoreattentionthananyeveningeffort.〞可知，早晚观测彗星应当投入一样的精力。

4．WhatcanbeinferredabouttheCCDtechnology?A．It'ssimilartoatelescope.B．It'lldisappointcomethunters.C．It'sspreadingallovertheworld.D．It'llmakecomethuntersfeellucky.

解析：选B推理判断题。由最终一段中的“theuseofadvancedCCDtechnology...greatlyreducethechancesofnewcometsbeingfoundwithsmalltelescopes〞可知，这种技术降低了追星猎人发现新的彗星的概率，因此他们应当会感到有些失望。B

EdmundHalleywasanEnglishscientistwholivedover200yearsago.Hestudiedtheobservationsofcometswhichotherscientistshadmade.Theorbitofoneparticularcometwasaverydifficultmathematical(数学上的)problem.Hecouldnotfigureitout.Neithercouldotherscientistswhodealtwithsuchproblems.

However,HalleyhadafriendnamedNewton,whowasabrilliantmathematician.Newtonthoughthehadalreadyworkedoutthatproblem,buthecouldnotfindthepapersonwhichhehaddoneit.HetoldHalleythattheorbitofacomethadtheshapeofanellipse(椭圆)．

NowHalleysettowork.Hefiguredout(解决；计算出)theorbitsofsomeofthecometsthathadbeenobservedbyscientists.Hemadeasurprisingdiscovery.Thecometsthathadappearedintheyears1531,1607,and1682allhadthesameorbit.Yettheirappearanceshadbeen75to76yearsapart.

ThisseemedverystrangetoHalley.Thedifferentcometsfollowedthesameorbit.Themorehalley

thoughtaboutit,themorehethoughtthattherehadnotbeenthreedifferentcomets,aspeoplethought.Hedecidedthattheyhadsimplyseenthesamecometthreetimes.Thecomethadgoneawayandhadcomebackagain.

Itwasanastonishingidea!Halleyfeltcertainenoughtomakeaprediction(预言)ofwhatcometwouldhappeninthefuture.Hedecidedthatthiscometwouldappearintheyear1758.Therewere53yearstogobeforeHalley'spredictioncouldbetested.In1758thecometappearedinthesky.Halleydidnotseeit,forhehasdiedsomeyearsbefore.EversincethenthatcomethasbeencalledHalley'scomet,inhishonor.

语篇解读：本文主要介绍了200多年前英国科学家哈雷以及他的发现。5．Halleymadehisdiscovery________.A．bydoingexperiments

B．bymeansofhisowncarefulobservationC．byusingtheworkofotherscientistsD．bychance

解析：选C细节理解题。由文中第三段“Hefiguredout(解决；计算出)theorbitsofsomeofthecometsthathadbeenobservedbyscientists.〞可知应选C。

6．Halleymadeasurprising,butcorrectpredictionintheyear________.A．1704B．1705C．1706D．1707解析：选B数字计算题。由最终一段中的“Hedecidedthatthiscometwouldappearintheyear1758.Therewere53yearstogobeforeHalley'spredictioncouldbetested.〞可知，他预言彗星出现的时间是1758年，而这个预言还要经过53年才能验证，由此可以推断出哈雷做出这个预言的时间是1705年。

7．Thispassageingeneralisabout________.A．HalleyandotherscientistsB．theorbitofacometC．NewtonandHalley

D．Halleyandhisdiscovery

解析：选D主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了哈雷以及他的发现。8．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A．EdmundHalleywasanAmericanscientist.

B．Halleymadehisdiscoverybydoingexperiments.C．Newtonwasafamousmathematician.

D．Theorbitofacomethadtheshapeofacircle.

解析：选C细节理解题。从文章首句可以看出A项错误；从第三段的分析中可知B项也错误；由其次段可知，牛顿告诉哈雷彗星的轨道是椭圆形的，可排除D项。C

MyfriendTimwasoneoffivechildren.Hisfatherwasanalcoholicanddiedveryyoung,andhismotherwasunabletosupportthefamily.Unfortunately,thechildrenwereseparatedandplacedinfosterhomes(收养家庭)．

Timdroppedoutofschoolanddidnothingtofurtherhimself.Heeventuallywentthroughadivorce.Tim'sbrother,althoughexperiencingthesamechildhood,educatedhimselfandgotagoodjob.Hehasahappyfamilyandawonderfulhome.

Bothbrothersgaveasimilaranswerwhenaskedwhytheirlivesturnedoutthewaytheydid.They

said,“You'dturnoutthiswaytooifyouhadachildhoodlikemine.〞Neitherofthebrotherscouldchangehispast,butoneofthemadjusted(调整)hissail.

Itdoesn'ttakemuchtofindanexcusewhetherthatisourfamilybackground,ourlackofeducation,orthatweliveinthewrongcity,ordonotknowtherightpeople.Eachoneoftheseexcuseshasasolution.However,ifyoubelievethatthereisnothingyoucandototurnyourlifearound,thenyouwon'tbeabletochangeyourlifeforthebetter.

Ifyoureallydesiretoturnyourlifetoanewcourse,tosetyoursailtoadifferentport,itisamatterofchoice.Ifyouchoosetomoveforward,theeasiestwayistofindasolutiontoyourtoday'ssituation.Solutionsarethereifyouwanttogoafterthem.Sure,itmaytakesomehardwork,orthewillingnesstotakearisk.Butifyoudonot,thenyouwillneverhaveadifferentorhappylife.Donotlimityourselfbyfindinganexcuse;onlylimityourselfbyrefusingtohaveanexcuse.

语篇解读：本文为夹叙夹议文。我们的过往是什么样子并不是很重要，由于未来把握在我们自己手里。

9．WhydoesTim'sbrotherhaveahappylife?A．Hehadahappychildhood.B．Hetriedhardtochangehislife.C．Hehadawonderfulfosterhome.D．Hewasthesmartestofhisfamily.解析：选B推理判断题。由其次段“Tim'sbrother,althoughexperiencingthesamechildhood,educatedhimselfandgotagoodjob.〞可知，Tim的哥哥是由于努力改变自己的命运才有了一个幸福的生活。

10．WhatdidTimthinkledtohisunhappylife?A．Hislaziness.

B．Notadjustinghissail.C．Hisunhappychildhood.

D．Nothavinganyopportunities.

解析：选C细节理解题。由第三段“Theysaid,‘You'dturnoutthiswaytooifyouhadachildhoodlikemine.’〞可知，Tim将自己的不幸归咎于自己不幸的童年。11．Intheauthor'sopinion,hisfriendTim________.A．reallyhadnochancetoimprovehislifeB．failedbecausehelivedinthewrongcityC．wasthemostunfortunatemanintheworldD．couldhavechangedhislifeifhehadchosento

解析：选D推理判断题。由第四段“Eachoneoftheseexcuseshasasolution.However,ifyoubelievethatthereisnothingyoucandototurnyourlifearound,thenyouwon'tbeabletochangeyourlifeforthebetter.〞可知，认为Tim本来是可以改变自己的人生的。12．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Adjustyoursail

B．Say“no〞toexcusesC．MovetowardahappyfamilyD．Howweliveourlifeisachoice

解析：选D标题归纳题。由最终一段“Ifyoureallydesiretoturnyourlifetoanewcourse,tosetyoursailtoadifferentport,itisamatterofchoice.〞可知，本文旨在告诉我们，想过什么

样的生活在于我们自己怎么选择。Ⅱ.阅读七选五

Itisoftenseenthatinmanyhomesyoungchildrenasktheirparentsforapet,andyettheirparentsrefuseduetothefearofspreadingillnessesandtheresponsibilitythatcomeswithowningapet.__1__Herearesomethingsthatkidscanlearnfrompets：

Empathy(移情)andcalmness.__2__Theselessonswillhelptheminthefuturewhentheydealwithotherhumans.Andastheytakecareoftheirpets,childrenlearnhowtobecalm,gentle,andcaring,eventuallygrowinguptobeopenandcompassionate(有可怜心的)adults.

Companionship.Onceyouhaveapet,yourkidcanalwaysdependonhavingafriendandcompanionwhowillloveandsupporthimunconditionally.Thismakeshimmoreself-confidentandalsohelpsindevelopinganactivelifestyle.__3__

Responsibilityanddiscipline.__4__Researchshowsthattrainingofpetsalsodevelopsdisciplineinkids.Appreciationofsuchachievementsissuretoencouragethem,andthiswillhelptheminthefuture.

Readingskills.__5__Itisbecausewhilekidsmightbeunwillingtoreadaloudinaformalsetting,likeaschool,theyaremoreconfidenttoreadouttoanimals,asthefearofbeingjudgedisnotpresent.

A．Propercareleadstogoodrelationshipswiththeanimals.B．Petscanhelpwiththeeducationaldevelopmentofchildren.

C．Havingapetwillhelpkidslearnaboutthecircleoflifeanddeath.D．Butgettingapetisactuallyagoodideaduetothevariousbenefits.E．Taskslikefeedingandwalkingthedogteachchildrentoberesponsible.

F．Thisisespeciallyimportantforonlykidswhodon'thavefriendstoplaywith.G．Beingwithpets,kidslearnthatanimalsfeelpainandwantlovejustlikehumans.答案：1～5DGFEB

Section_ⅡWarming_Up_&_Reading_—_Language_Points

一、这样记单词

记得准?写得对记得快?记得多Ⅰ.基础词汇

1.astronomyn．天文学2.systemn.系统；体系；制度3.theoryn.学说；理论4.atomn.原子

5.globen.球体；地球仪；地球6.atmospheren.大气层；气氛7.fundamentaladj.基本的；基础的8.multiplyvi.&vt.乘；增加9.oxygenn.氧

10.puzzlen.谜；难题vt.&vi.(使)迷惑；(使)难为Ⅱ.拓展词汇

1.unlikeprep.与……不同；不像→likevt.喜欢prep.像；宛如→likelyadj.可能的

2.violentadj.猛烈的；猛烈的；强暴的→violencen．暴力→violentlyadv.暴力地；猛烈地

Whowillgototheconcertisnotknown.

不知道谁会去听音乐会。

Whateveryoudoinyoursparetimeshoulddonoharmtoothers.无论你在业余时间做什么都不应当伤害其他人。[名师点津]who引导的主语从句表示一件“事情〞，而whoever引导的主语从句指“人〞。3．连接副词(when,where,how,why等)

连接副词引导主语从句并在从句中作状语。Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.

这件事怎样发生的，谁也不明白。

Whenwewillhaveameetingisanimportantquestion.我们何时举行会议是个重要的问题。

WhereIspendmysummerisnobusinessofyours.

我在哪里过暑假不关你的事。

[名师点津]名词性从句引导词的确定步骤：

(1)分析句式结构，明确名词性从句在句中的功能；(2)明确名词性从句所表达的意义；

(3)明确名词性从句中所需要的成分及意义；(4)确定从句的引导词。

[即时演练2]用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空①Howitwasdonewasamystery.

②WhyJohnwaslatefortheclasshasbeenunexplained.

③Whichpartofthecountryhewilltraveltoneedsdiscussing.

④Where/WhentheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeendecided.⑤Whatsurprisesmemostisthatheistooproud.

⑥Whoeverisinterestedintheactivitycansignyournames.三、主语从句中用it作形式主语的结构

1．It＋be＋形容词(obvious,true,natural,strange,etc.)＋主语从句Itisimportantthatheshouldknowaboutthis.他应当知道此事是重要的。

[名师点津]在“It＋be＋形容词＋主语从句〞结构中，若形容词为important/necessary/strange等，主语从句中的谓语用“(should)do〞。

2．It＋be＋名词词组(nowonder,anhonour,apity,a/nosurprise,etc.)＋主语从句It'sapitythathedidn'tcome.很惋惜他没来。

3．It＋be＋过去分词(said,reported,thought,expected,proved,etc.)＋主语从句Itissuggestedthatthemeetingbeputoff.有人建议会议延期召开。

[名师点津]在“It＋be＋过去分词＋主语从句〞结构中，过去分词若为suggested/ordered/required/advised等，主语从句中的谓语用“(should)do〞。4．It＋不及物动词(happen,seem,appear,remain,etc.)＋主语从句Itseemsthatitisgoingtorain.看起来好像要下雨。

5．It＋及物动词＋宾语＋主语从句

Itsurprisedhimwhytheycametovisithimsuddenly.

让他惊诧的是他们为什么突然都来看他。

[即时演练3](1)补全句子

①It's_a_pitythatyoucan'tattendmybirthdayparty.很惋惜你不能参与我的生日聚会。

②It's_suggestedthattheoldman(should)gotothecountrysidetohavearest.建议这位老人到乡村休息一下。

③It_seems_thatyoudisagreewiththeplan.你好像不赞成这个计划。

④Itisdoubtfulwhether_she_will_be_able_to_come_to_the_party.她是否能来参与聚会还很难说。

⑤It_happened_thattheharvestwasbadthatyear.碰巧那年收成不好。(2)句型转换(每空一词)

①Thathesuddenlyfellilllastmonthsurprisedus.→Itsurprisedusthathesuddenlyfellilllastmonth.

②Whethertheywillsellthehousehasn'tbeenyetdecided.→Ithasn'tbeendecidedyetwhethertheywillsellthehouse.③Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntousall.→Itisknowntousallthatlighttravelsinstraightlines.四、主语从句中应注意的问题1．从句要用陈述语序

Whatwewilldonextshouldbedecided.

应当决定一下我们下一步该做什么。2．主谓一致

(1)从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式。

Wherehewillgetajobaftergraduationhaspuzzledhimmuch.毕业后到哪儿找份工作使他很困惑。

[名师点津]what引导主语从句时，有时主句谓语动词应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。Whattheschoolneedsmostarebooks.

这所学校最需要的是书。

(2)假使由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。

Whentheywillstartandwheretheywillgohavenotbeendecidedyet.他们将在什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没定下来。Whenandwherethemoviewillbeshownisnotclear.这部影片何时何地上映还不明白。

[即时演练4]用所给词的适当形式填空

①Whatsurprisedmemostwas(be)thatthemaninragswasamillionaire.②Whatheneedsmostis(be)money.

③Whenandwherethefootballmatchwillbeheldhas_been_decided(decide)already.④Thatthecoalworkersarestillaliveis(be)awonder.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．Whowillbeinchargeofthecompanyisbeingdiscussed.

2．Whetherwewillholdapartytomorrowdependsontheweather.3．Wherecarswillbeparkedinthefutureisaquestion.

4．Itisveryimportantthatastudent(should)_learn(learn)Englishwell.5．Itisapitythatyoumissedthefilm.

6．Whatmadeherhappywasthatshewonthegameinsuchanimportantmatch.7．Whoeverbreaksthelawshouldbepunished.

8．Whatrolehewillplayinthefilmhasn'tbeenknown.Ⅱ.单句写作

1．(2023?北京高考书面表达)It_is_obvious(很明显)thatthevideoturnedoutperfect.

2．(2023?天津高考书面表达)What_impresses_us_most_are(给我们印象最深的是)yourartskills,inwhichyoushowedoutstandingtalent.

3．(2023?湖南高考书面表达)What_surprises_us_most_is(让我们最惊诧的是)thatthewatercanremainatthattemperatureforabouttwentyhours.

4．(2023?浙江高考书面表达)What_we_need_most_are(我们最需要的是)popularsciencebooks.

5．That_the_film_star_will_come_our_city(这个电影明星将来我们市)hasexcitedeveryoneofus.

Ⅲ.语法填空(用适当的连接词完成下面短文)

Everyoneknew1.thatWendywasafamouswriter,butnooneknew2.whereshecamefromand3.whethershewasbornin1961wasstillamystery.4.Whattheydidknowwas5.thatshewaslovedbypoorpeoplebecauseshealwayshelped6.whoeverwasinneedofmoney.Wendywasgenerousandhelpful,butsomepeoplethoughtshewaschasingfame.Wendysaidshedidn'tunderstand7.whytheyweresonarrow-minded,butitdidn'tmatter8.whatothersthoughtofher.Shejustwantedtodo9.what(ever)shethoughtwasright.Ithinkthatis10.wherethemeaningoflifelies.

Section_ⅣLearning_about_Language_&_Using_Language

[原文浮现]

AVISITTO①THEMOON

LastmonthIwasluckyenoughtohaveachanceto②makeatrip③intospacewithmyfriendLiYanping,anastronomer.Wevisitedthemooninourspaceship④！

Beforeweleft,LiYanpingexplainedtome⑤thattheforceofgravity⑥wouldchangethreetimesonourjourneyandthatthefirstchangewouldbethemostpowerful.Thenwewereoff⑦.Astherocketroseintotheair,wewerepushedbackinto⑧ourseatsbecauseweweretryingtoescapethepull⑨oftheearth'sgravity.Itwassohardthatwecouldnotsayanythingtoeachother⑩.Gradually?theweightlessened?andIwasabletotalktohim.“Whyisthespaceshipnotfallingbackto?theearth?OntheearthifIfallfromatreeIwillfalltotheground.〞Iasked.“Wearetoofarfrom?theearthnowtofeelitspull，〞heexplained,“sowefeelasifthereisnogravityatall.Whenwegetcloserto?themoon,weshallfeelitsgravitypulling?us,butitwillnotbeasstrongapullas?theearth's.〞Icheeredup?immediatelyandfloated?

weightlessly?aroundinourspaceshipcabin○21watchingtheearthbecomesmallerandthemoonlarger○22.[读文清障]

①名词visit后接to，意为“到……的旅行〞，to为介词。②haveachancetodosth.有机遇做某事

③makeatrip(＝takeatrip＝goonatrip)去旅行

④inourspaceship乘宇宙飞船，相当于byspaceship。spaceship/'speIs?Ip/n.宇宙飞船

⑤explainsth.tosb.“向某人解释某事〞。本句中explain的宾语是两个that从句，因太长而后移了。

explain后不能直接跟sb.，须先接介词to。类似的词还有say,announce等。⑥theforceofgravity地心引力

⑦beoff离开，起飞。在本句中相当于takeoff。⑧push...backinto...把……推回到……⑨pull/p?l/n.&vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力

pulldown拆毁pullon/off匆忙穿上/匆忙脱掉

⑩so...that...如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句。?graduallyadv.逐渐地；逐步地，渐渐地?lessen/'lesn/vi.&vt.减少；减轻?fallbackto落回到?befarfrom离……很远?getcloseto接近，靠近

?feelsb./sth.doingsth.感到某人/某物在做某事

?asstrongapullas为“as＋adj.＋a(n)＋n.＋as〞结构。?cheerup感到高兴；感到昂扬

?float/fl??t/vi.&vt.(使)浮动；(使)漂泊n.漂泊物?weightlessly/'weItlIslI/adv.失重地○21cabin/'k?bIn/n.小屋；船舱

○22现在分词短语watchingtheearth...作伴随状语。watchsb./sth.dosth.观测到某人/某物做某事。月球之旅[第1～2段译文]

我的朋友李彦平是一位天文学家，上个月我十分有幸有机遇同他一起去太空旅行。我们乘宇宙飞船游览了月球！

在起程之前，李彦平向我解释说，在我们的旅行中会有三次引力的改变，而第一次的改变将是最强的。随后我们就起航了。随着火箭升入太空，由于我们在努力解脱地球的引力，我们被向后推在座位上。这种引力太强了，以至于我们彼此间都不能说话了。渐渐地，这个力量渐渐减小，我才能够同他讲话。我问道：“为什么宇宙飞船不会落回到地球呢？在地球上的时候，假使我从树上掉下来，总会朝地上落下去的。〞李彦平解释说：“现在我们离地球太远了，感觉不到地球的拉力，所以我们感觉好像完全没有地球引力了。当我们更接近月球时，就会感到月球的引力在拉我们。但是月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。〞我立刻感到很高兴，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着(身后的)地球越来越小，而(前方的)月球越来越大。

Whenwegotthere,Iwantedtoexploreimmediately.“Comeon○23，〞Isaid.“Ifyouareright,myweightwillbelessthanontheearthbecausethemoonissmallerandIwillbeabletomove

morefreely.ImightevengrowtallerifIstayherelongenough.Ishallcertainlyweighless！〞Ilaughedandclimbeddownthestepsfromthespaceship.ButwhenItriedtostepforward○24，IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfaras○25ontheearthandfellover○26.“Ohdear，〞Icried,“walkingdoesneedabitofpractice○27nowthat○28gravityhaschanged.〞AfterawhileIgotthehangof○29itandwebegantoenjoyourselves○30.

Leavingthemoon'sgravitywasnotaspainfulasleavingtheearth's.Butreturningtotheearthwasveryfrightening.Wewatched,amazedasfirebrokeout○31ontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearth'sgravityincreased.Againwewerepushedhardintoourseatsaswecamebacktoland.“Thatwasveryexhausting○32butveryexcitingtoo，〞Isaid.“NowIknow○33muchmoreaboutgravity!Doyouthinkwecouldvisitsomestarsnexttime？〞“Ofcourse，〞hesmiled,“whichstarwouldyouliketogoto？〞

○23comeon快点儿。常用于祈使句中以勉励某人，意为“动手吧；快点儿；加油〞。○24stepforward朝前走；迈步向前○25twiceasfaras“……的两倍远〞。倍数表示法：倍数(twice,threetimes...)＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as。

○26fallover跌倒；摔倒

○27动名词walking在此处作主语。does为助动词，加强语气，意为“确实〞，其后跟动词原形。

○28nowthat既然(引导原因状语从句)○29getthehangof熟悉；把握；理解○30enjoyoneself尽情地玩；玩得高兴○31breakout突发；爆发

○32exhaust/Iɡ'z??st/vt.用完；耗尽；使精疲力尽exhaustingadj.令人精疲力尽的exhaustedadj.感到精疲力尽的

exhaustionn．精疲力尽；用光，耗尽

○33know在此处相当于understand，意为“理解，明白〞。[第3～4段译文]

我们到达月球时，我就想马上进行探测。“来吧，〞我说，“要是你讲得对，我的重量就会比在地球上小，由于月球更小，而我就能更自由地活动了。假使我在月球上待的时间足够长的话，我甚至可能长得更高，我的体重确定也会变得更轻！〞我笑着从宇宙飞船的梯级上爬下来。但当我试图往前走时，我发现自己被带到一个步幅相当于地球上两倍远的地方并且摔倒了。“天哪，〞我大声说，“重力改变了，看来走路的确需要练一练了。〞过了一会儿，我才把握了走路的诀窍，我们这才开始感到自如了。摆脱月球引力不像摆脱地球引力那样痛楚。但是返回到地球的经历却是十分吓人的。我们诧异地看着，随着地球引力的增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。当我们回到地面时，我们又(感到)被重重地推回在座位上。我说道：“真是精疲力尽了，但也很冲动人心。关于引力，我现在就懂得更多了！你认为下次我们可以去别的星球上游览吗？〞“当然可以，〞他笑着说，“你想到哪颗星球上去呢？〞

Step1True(T)orFalse(F)．

1．Thespaceshipcan'tfallbacktotheearthbecauseitistoofarawayfromtheearth.()2．WhenIwasonthemoonIfeltIwasheavierthanIamontheearth.()

3．Attheverybeginning，theauthorfeltstrongestofthegravityoftheearth.()

10．songssong为可数名词，且根据后面的dreams可知，应用复数，故填songs。Ⅱ.短文改错

Charlesismymoreunforgettableteacher.Iamanaveragestudentinhighschoolandwasn'tinterestinginstudying.However,Iwasquiteenthusiasticaboutperformingplays.AfterCharlesknewmyinterest,heencouragedus.HesaidthatIhadagiftforperformandsuggestedthatImadegooduseofmytalent.Peopleusualdowellinthethingstheylike,anditisreallytrue.NowI'maprofessionalactor.IsucceededbecauseofCharlesencouragedmealot.Ikepttouchwithhimthroughlettersandphonecalluntilhediedin2023.

答案：第一句：more→most

其次句：am→was;interesting→interested第四句：us→me

第五句：perform→performance;made→make第六句：usual→usually第八句：去掉of

第九句：touch前加in;call→callsⅢ.书面表达

最近，你班同学就“太空摸索是否值得〞这一话题展开了一场探讨。请你根据下表提供的信息，用英语写一篇100词左右的短文介绍探讨的状况。30%的同学认为不值得摸索离我们及我们的日常生活太遥远浪费金钱，这些金钱本可用来解决地球上的饥饿、污染等问题70%的同学认为值得摸索卫星已用来进行通讯、天气预报，使我们的生活更便利了有望解决地球能源短缺等问题

参考范文：

Recently,studentsinourclasshavehadadiscussiononwhetherspaceisworthexploring.

Ontheonehand,30%ofusthinkthatspaceexplorationisnotworthwhile.Theythinkspaceistoofarawayfromusandourdailylife.Andspaceexplorationwillwastealotofmoney,whichcanbeusedtosolvetheproblems,suchasstarvationandpollution.

Ontheotherhand,70%thinkspaceisworthytobeexplored.Asweallknow,satelliteshavebeenusedforcommunicationaswellasweatherforecast,whichmakesourlifemoreconvenient.Besides,ifresourcesarefoundonotherplanets,theproblemofenergyshortagesonourearthcanbesolved.

第一部分听力(总分值30分，限时20分钟)第一节(共5小题；每题1.5分，总分值7.5分)

听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回复有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．What'sthedatetoday?

A．May30th.B．May31st.C．June1st.2．WherewastheboylastMonday?

A．Inhisschool.B．InEurope.C．InChina.

3．Howmuchdoesoneadultticketcost?

A．60dollars.B．40dollars.C．30dollars.4．Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheroastduck?A．Great.B．Bad.C．Justso-so.5．Whatdoesthemanmean?A．Heisnottheonetoblame.B．Hewillberesponsibleforit.

C．Hewillbemorecarefulnexttime.

其次节(共15小题；每题1.5分，总分值22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回复第6、7题。

6．Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?A．Onaplane.B．Inarestaurant.C．Inahotel.

7．Whatwillthewomanbringtotheman'sson?A．Warmwater.B．Coffee.

C．Orangejuice.

听第7段材料，回复第8、9题。8．WhatisAnnworriedabout?A．Losingthejob.

B．Failingtofindajob.C．Missingthepromotion.

9．WhatwillthewomandothisFriday?A．Gotoamovie.B．Workovertime.C．Haveagoodrest.

听第8段材料，回复第10至12题。10．Whendidthepainterstartpainting?A．In1985.B．In1953.C．In1946.11．Whatisthepaintingmainlyabout?A．Somehikers.B．Awalkingroute.C．Anoldtree.

12．Howmuchdoesthemanpayatlast?

A．300pounds.B．350pounds.C．380pounds.听第9段材料，回复第13至16题。

13．Whydoesthewomanwanttochangetheircar?

A．Itusesmuchgas.B．Itisnotbigenough.C．Itistoooldtogowell.

14．Howlonghasthecarbeenused?A．Foroneyear.B．Fortwoyears.C．Forthreeyears.

15．Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman'ssuggestion?A．Unbelievable.B．Interesting.C．Reasonable.

16．Whatarethetwospeakersgoingtodolater?A．Buyanewcar.B．Goforapicnic.C．Selltheoldcar.

听第10段材料，回复第17至20题。17．HowdopeopleinChinaorderfood?A．Accordingtopicturesinthemenu.B．Accordingtowordsinthemenu.

C．Accordingtothewaiter'sdescriptions.18．Whendopeopleusuallystarttoorder?A．Aftersittingimmediately.B．Afterseveralminutes'talk.C．Afterfinishingdrinking.

19．WhatdopeopleoftendoinChineserestaurants?A．Stopothersmakingnoise.B．Callthewaiterloudly.C．Askforsomethingrudely.

20．Whatcan'tyouseeatthedinnertableinChina?A．Beer.

B．Hotwater.C．Coldwater.

答案：1～5ABBAB6～10ACAAC11～15BCACC16～20BAABC听力材料：(Text1)

W：Yourbirthdayisaroundthecorner,right?M：Yeah,thedayaftertomorrow.

W：Wow,that'sChildren'sDay.Youcanspenditwithyourson.(Text2)

W：Johnisn'tgoingtocomebacktoourschool.M：Really?Why?

W：HeisleavingforChinaandheldafarewellpartylastMonday.M：It'sapitythatIwastravelingaroundEuropeatthattime.

(Text3)

W：I'dliketwotickets,oneformyselfandtheotherformylittleboy.Heissix.

M：He'ssix,right?Thenhecangetinforhalfprice.Thatwillbe60dollarsaltogether.(Text4)

M：Whatdoyouthinkofit?Iwasworriedyouwouldthinkitwastoofar.

W：Well,it'strue.I'veneverdriventwohoursjustforaroastduck.Butreally,Ithinkit'sworthit.(Text5)

W：Whatanaccident!Ifyouhadbeenmorecareful,wewouldnotbeinthisterriblesituation.M：Whatdoyoumean?Wasitmyfault?Ifitwas,Iwouldsurelytakeresponsibilityforit.(Text6)

M：Excuseme,Miss.Couldyoumaketheair-conditionercooler?

W：I'msorry.Wecannotregulatetheair-conditioner.Assoonastheplanetakesoffth