人教版八年级上英语知识点及习题

RevisedfinaldraftNovember26,2020RevisedfinaldraftNovember26,2020人教版八年级上英语知识点及习题Unit3I'mmoreoutgoingthanmysister.重点短语1.moreoutgoing更外向2.As…as…与…一样…3.thesingingcompetition唱歌比赛4.besimilarto与…相像的/类似的5.thesameas和…相同；与…一致6.bedifferentfrom与…不同7.careabout关心；介意8.belikeamirror像一面镜子9.themostimportant最重要的10.aslongas只要；既然11.bringout使显现；使表现出12.getbettergrades取得更好的成绩13.reachfor伸手取14.infact事实上；实际上15.makefriends交朋友16.theother其他的17.touchone’sheart感动某人18.betalentedinmusic有音乐天赋19.begoodat擅长…20.begoodwith善于与…相处havefundoingsth.享受做某事的乐趣22.begoodatdoingsth擅长做某事23.makesb.dosth.让某人做某事24.wanttodosth.想要做某事25.as+adj./adv.的原级+as与…一样…26.It’s+adj.+forsb.todosth.对某人来说，做某事……的。二、重点句子1.HehasshorterhairthanSam.他的头发比萨姆的短。than比……（用于形容词，副词的比较级之后）当两个人或者物进行比较时，要用形容词的比较级。“比较级+than”表示“比......更......”。一般形容词或副词的比较级是在词后加-er。但要注意比较的对象。如：IamtallerthanJim.我比吉姆高。HishairisshorterthanSam’s.他的头发比萨姆的短。Thisbookismoreinterestingthanthatone.这本书比那本书有趣。形容词和副词的比较级、最高级大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：1）原级（不作比较），修饰词very,so,too,pretty,really；比较级，表示“较……”或“更……”的意思（两者之间进行比较）,标志词than,AorB,ofthetwo,修饰词much,alot,alittle；最高级，表示“最……”的意思（三者或三者以上作比较），形容词最高级前面一般要加定冠词the，后面可带in（of）短语来什么比较的范围。形容词和副词的比较级和最高级规则变化：构成方法原级比较级最高级单音节词和部分双音节词一般在词尾加-er或-esthighshorthighershorterhighestshortest以字母e词尾的词，加-r或-stlatefinelaterfinestlatestfinest重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-esthotbigthinfathotterbiggerthinnerfatterhottestbiggestthinnestfattest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先把“y”改为“i”，再加-er或-estfunnyeasyearlyfunniereasierearlierfunniesteasiestearliest多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加more或mostbeautifulathleticoutgoingmorebeautifulmoreathleticmoreoutgoingmostbeautifulmostathleticmostoutgoing形容词和副词的比较级和最高级不规则变化：原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther（更远）further（更深远）farthest(最远)furthest（最深远）2.反意疑问句①肯定陈述句＋否定提问如：Lilyisastudent,isn’tshe?

LilywillgotoChina,won’tshe

②否定陈述句＋肯定提问如：Shedoesn’tcomefromChina,doesshe

Youhaven’tfinishedhomework,haveyou

③提问部分用代词而不用名词如：Lilyisastudent,isn’tshe

④陈述句中含有否定意义的词，如little,few,never,nothing,hardly等。其反意疑问句用肯定式。如：HeknowslittleEnglish,doeshe他一点也不懂英语，不是吗Theyhardlyunderstoodit,didthey他们几乎不明白，不是吗3.No,Iamalittletallerthanher.alittle,muchalotabit,far,any,no等可以+比较级TaraworksashardasTina.塔拉学习跟蒂娜一样努力。“...（not）as+形容词或副词原级+as...”是一种原级比较，意思为“......和......(不)一样”。...notas+形容词或副词原级+as...表示双方在某个方面不同。如：HisEnglishisnotasgoodashers.他英语不如她的好。Hedoesn’tworkashardashisbrother.他没有他哥哥工作努力。as+形容词或副词原级+as表示双方在某个方面一样。如：Sheisastallasme.她跟我一样高。Irunasfastashedoes.我跑得跟他一样快。辨析beat/win相同点：都是动词，表示“赢”不同：beat+人/win+比赛，竞赛，战争等名词。如：Weplayedverywell,andbeatthem.我们发挥得很好，击败了他们。Theywonthematchthistime.这次他们赢了这场比赛。careabout意为“关心；在意”，期中care是动词如：Weshouldcareabouttheoldpeople.我们应该关心老年人。HYPERLINKcarefor表示“喜欢”，“关心”之意，后接名词或v-ing形式作宾语，takecareof也有这个意思。Hecarednothingforskating.他对滑冰没有兴趣。Inourclass,wecareforeachother.在我们班上，我们相互关心。Mariatakesgoodcareofeverybody.玛丽亚很关心大家。【友情链接】carefor还可以表示“照顾”，“照料”，相当于takecareof或lookafter。Atnighthefedandcaredforthecattle.夜里他照料牲口，给牲口喂食。Youmustcareforyourselves.=Youmustlookafteryourselves.你们要照顾好自己。Thechildrenarewellcaredforinthenurseries.=Thechildrenaretakengoodcareofinthenurseries.孩子们在托儿所受到很好的照顾。7.Ithinkagoodfriendmakesmelaugh.我认为好朋友能使我开心。牢记：makesb.dosth.使某人做某事make+宾语+形容词使某人/某事怎样如：Ourteachermakesusworktenhoursaday我们老师让我们一天学习10个小时。Hiswordsmakeushappy.他的话使我们感到很高兴。8.laughatsb.笑话；取笑（某人）如：Don’tlaughatme!不要取笑我!9.They’rebothtall.他们两个都是高个子。bothadj./pron./adv.两个都……用在be动词后，行为动词前。Youarebothtooyoung./TheybothspeakEnglish.Bothof…..+名词复数（复数谓语）Bothoftheflowersarebeautiful.两朵花都很漂亮。both…and…两者都……（复数谓语）反义词组：neither…nor…两者都不……（谓语单复数按照就近原则）【友情链接】both与allboth指代两者；all指代三者或三者以上如：Myparentsarebothfine。我父母都好。Weareallhere。我们都在这儿。beike意为“像”，这里的like是介词。如：Sheislikehermother。她长得像他妈妈。like做动词，意为“喜欢”，构成短语likesth.喜欢某物likesb.喜欢某人liketodosth.喜欢做某事如：Iliketohavefriendswhoarelikeme.我喜欢交像我一样的朋友。likediongsth.11.need是动词，需要。needsth.需要……Plantneedswater。needtodosth.需要做……Youdidn’tneedtotellhimthenews，itjustmadehimsadneeddoingsth.=needtobedone需要被怎么样Flowersneedwatering。【拓展】need作情态动词时，后面+动词原形，意思是必要，必须。这时need多用于疑问句，否定句或条件状语从句中。如：Youneedn’ttalksoloud.你不必这么大声说话。Aslongas只要；既然。如：Youdon’tneedalotoffriendsaslongasthey’regood.你不需要很多朋友，只要他们好就可以了。12.It’snotnecessarytobethesame.完全一样是没有必要的。It’s+adj.+forsb.+todosth.It是形式主语，todosth.是真正主语。意为“某人做某事怎么样”如：Itiseasyformetomakefriends.我交朋友很容易。13.Myfriendisthesameasme.我的朋友和我一样。bethesameas…“和……一样”。反义词组：bedifferentfrom…“与.......不同的”如：Mybikeisdifferentfromyours.=Mybikeisnotthesameasyours.我的系行车和你的不一样。serious意为“严肃的；认真的；严重的”beseriousaboutsth.如：Hewasseriousaboutthematter.他对那件事很认真。beseriouswithsb.如：There’snothingmuchseriouswithyou.对你来说没那么严重。touchone’sheart感动某人betalentedinmusic有音乐天赋However意为“然而；但是”，表示转折关系，与but意义相同，但but一般谓语句首，而however比较正式，可位于句首、句中或句末，且常用都好隔开。如：Youdidn’tfinishyourhomework.Youcan,however,doitnow.你还没有完成家庭作业，但是现在你可以写了。hard-working意为“努力的”其比较级为morehard-working意为“更努力”，lesshard-working意为“不努力”。besimilarto...意为“与......相似”。(注意与bethesameas区别)如：Mypenissimilartoyours.我的钢笔和你的相似。I.根据句意及首字母提示补全单词（10分）。1.Mymothertoldmeagoodfriendislikeam.2.IwasapschoolstudentwhenIwassevenyearsold.3.Hestillwenttoschoolontimethedidn’tfeelwellyesterday.4.Atruefriendreachesforyourhandandtouchesyourh.5.Hewassofunnythatheoftenmakeshisfriendsl.6.It’snforstudentstofinishhomeworkontime.7.Aliceisanogirl.Shelikestostaywithherfriendsandenjoystalking.8.Kimistallerthisbrother.9.BhisparentslikeEnglishverymuch.10.Mymathsteacherisverys.Heneverlaughsinclass.II.根据句意用所给单词的适当形式填空。（10分）1.Heis(funny)thantheotherstudentsinhisclass.2.Theboyenjoys(swim)verymuch.3.Hedoesn’tlikesinging,butheisgoodat(dance)4.Didyouhavefun(learn)something?

5.Nellypracticed(dance)alotmorethanLisa.6.Hismotheroftenmakeshim(clean)hisroomonweekends.7.Lisapracticedalotmoreandwanted(win).8.It’snecessaryforus(learn)Englishwell.9.Heis(different)fromhisbrother.Theyhavesome(different).10.I’m(good)atphysicsthanmysister.III.句型转换（每空0.5分，共15分）1.Ilikesinging.Mysisterlikessinging,too.(合并为一个句子)MysisterandIsinging.2.Sueistwelveyearsold.Ginaisfourteenyearsold.(合并一个句子)SueisGina.GinaisSue.Sueisn’tGina.Ginaisn’tSue.3.Ithinkheisgoodatplayingsoccer.(改为否定句)Ihegoodatplayingsoccer.4.Johnenjoysswimming.Peterenjoysswimming,too.(合并为一句)JohnPeterswimming.5.Jimistwelveyearsold.Timistwelveyearsold,too.(合并为一句)JimisTim.6.Huangleiisn’tgoodattennisasLarry.(同义句)LarryisHunagLei.7.TheEnglishStududyCenterneedsaweekendstudenthelperforprimaryschoolstudent.(提问)theEnglishStudyCenterforprimaryschoolstudent?

8.LarryworksharderthanHuangLei.(改为否定句)LarryharderthanHuangLei.IV.选择填空（25分）()1.SheistalentedmusicbutIamgoodsports.A.in,atB.at,inC.at,atD.in,in()2.LiHua’sshoesareas_______asZhangHui’s.A.cheapB.cheaperC.thecheaper()3..—Areyourelaxingyourselfhere

—Yes.Itis_______towalkslowlyalongtheriver.A.fantasticB.boringC.BadD.terrible()4.It’sveryimportantforhimmelaugh.A.tomakeB.makingC.makesD.made()5._________youdon’tgiveup(放弃)，yourdreamswillcometrue.A.AslongasB.AssoonasC.AswellasD.Asoftenas()6.Sheissimilarhermother.A.toB.withC.ofD.in()7.Idon’treallycareifmyfriendsarethesamemeordifferentme.A.as,asB.from,fromC.as,fromD.from,as()8.Ifyouwanttobeastudenthelper,pleasecallhim443—5667.A.atB.inC.ofD.on()9.Thisismyfriend.HeislessoutgoingthanIam.A.muchB.muchmoreC.moreD.very()10.MrBeanenjoysjokesandoftenmakesus.A.totell,tolaughB.tells,laughC.telling,laughD.telling,laughing()11.Taraandhersisterquietandtheysports.A.areboth,bothlikeB.areboth,likebothC.bothare,bothlikeD.bothare,likeboth()12.Ifyouwanttobeastudenthelper,youmustbegoodchildren.A.atB.withC.forD.in()13.heisveryyoung,hecandomanythings.A.Though,butB.Though,/C./,thoughD.But,though()14.Tomcanplaydrums,butSamcanplaytennis.A.the,theB.the,/C./,theD./,/()15.Lily’sbooksarenewthan.A.weB.usC.ourD.ours()16.—HaveyouseenthefunnymovieLettheBulletFly

—Yes，itmademe___________manytimes.A.laughB.cryC.SleepD.sing()17.It’simportant_________us__________Englishwell.A.of;learningB.for;tolearnC.Of;tolearnD.or;learning()18.BettyandMaryarein_________school，buttheyarein__________Classes.A.same;differentB.same;thedifferentC.thesame;thedifferentD.thesame;different()19.—Let’sgoshoppingatthenewmall.—Whynotshoponline

It’s____.A.expensiveB.moreexpensiveC.LessexpensiveD.lesscheapest()20.Now,somerobots(机器人)are____________todothesamethings______people..A.enoughsmart;asB.enoughsmart;forC,smartenough;asD:smartenough;with()21.Heis__________outgoingstudentlonghair..A.a,with,B.an,withC.a,ofD.an,of()22.Thefantasticmusicmadethestudents______relaxed.A.feelB.feelsC.feltD,tofeel()23.Someonesays“Timeismoney.“ButIthinktimeis_________importantthanMoney.A.leastB.MuchC.evenmoreD.muchleast()24.Myfriendlikessingingandtalkingwithothers.ButIoftenstayathometowatchTV.Somyfriendis________thanme.A.quieterB.moreseriousC.moreoutgoingD.morewilder()25,ThegirlshorterhairisLisa.A.hasB.haveC.withD.andV.完形填空（15分）AnEnglishtravellerfoundthathehadonly1tobuytheticke