植物分类检索表-详细编排

植分索细排

植物界分类检索表姓名：班级：学院：2

植物界分类索表及种植物分科检表一、植界分类检索1.植物体无、茎、的分化；雌生殖器由单细胞构。2.无叶绿素3.细胞中无胞核的化...............................................1）细菌3.细胞中有胞核的化...............................................2)真菌2.有叶绿素..........................................................3)藻类植物1.植物体有、茎、分化(苔藓外)；雌性殖器官多细胞构成4.无维管束..........................................................4)苔藓植物4.有维管束5.无种子............................................................5)蕨类植物5.有种子6.种子外面子房包................................................6)裸植物6.种子外面子房包................................................7)被植物二、种植物分科检表1.胚珠裸露不包于房内；种子露，不于果实内.裸子植Gymnospermae2.花无假花，胚珠细长的珠被。3.叶羽状深，集生常不分枝的干顶部块状茎上...............铁科Cycadaceae3.叶不为羽深裂，干多分枝。4.叶扇形，多数叉状细，叶柄............................银杏Ginkgoaceae4.叶不为扇，无柄有短柄。5.雌球花发成球果种子无肉质种皮。6.雌雄异株稀同株雄蕊具4～20悬垂的药，苞腹面仅粒种子........南杉科Araucafiaceae6.雌雄同株稀异株雄蕊具个背腹面列的花，种鳞腹面1多粒种子7.球果的种与苞鳞生，每种鳞粒种.........................科Pinaceae7.球果的种与苞鳞合生或完全生；每鳞具至多粒子。8.种鳞与叶为螺旋排列，稀交对生水杉属，每种鳞有2～9种子..........科Taxodiaceae8.5.9.9.10.10.2.11.11.1.12.

种鳞与均为交互对或轮生每种鳞有至多粒种子柏科Cupressaceae雌球花发育为球果种子有质假种皮。雄蕊有2花药；胚倒生或半倒..........................罗松科Podocarpaceae雄蕊有3-8个花药；胚珠直生。雌球花长梗，种子果状.............................尖杉科Cephalotaxaceae雌球花梗或具短梗种子坚状或核果状......................豆杉科Taxaceae花具假被；胚珠珠顶端伸成细长的珠管。叶退化膜质；球花缩，具互对生或轮的苞片..............麻黄科Ephedraceae叶革质半革质；球伸长成长穗状，具轮环状苞..........买麻科Gnetaceae胚珠包于子房内；子包被子房内.被子植物Angiospermae种子通具2子叶；叶具状脉；常为或基数....子叶植物Dicotyledoneae3

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子房室至数；果实果状................................屈菜科Lythracea雄蕊着于花托上。木本。乔木或木...........................................大风科Flacourtiaceae木质藤草本或灌木。沉水植，形似苔藓....................................川苔科Podostemacea植物体如上情形。子房室。食虫植互生....................猪笼科Nepenthaceae(笼草属Nepenthes)非为食植物叶对生轮生....................番杏Aizoaceae(米草Mollugo)子房室。叶为复或多少有些裂.................................茛科Ranunculaceae叶为单。侧膜胎。裸花...................................................三白草Saururaceae花具离生花片........................................十花科Crucifera特立中胎座。花序呈伞状萼片草质...............................竹科Caryophyllaceae花序非伞状；萼片少为干质.............................苋科Amaranthacea子房或房室内仅有1至数个胚。叶片小有透明微点羽状复.....................................................芸香科Rutaceae单叶。常草本物；裸花，穗状花。子房下；叶对生，柄在基连合.....................粟兰科Chloranthacea子房上；叶如为对时，叶也不在基部合。雌蕊由于离生皮组成，每皮各有2～4珠.........三白草科Saururacea(三白草Saururu雌蕊由l～4合生心皮组，仅室，有1胚殊..................胡科Piperacea木本；被花，非穗花序。子房为1心组成，成熟肉质...........................肉豆科Myristicacea子房为2～4合生心皮组。花两性果实仅1....................................大风子科Flacourtiacea6

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花单性果实2～4室......................................大戟科Euphorbiacea叶片中透明微点。单体雄。肉质寄草本植物，退化呈片状的叶...................菰科Balanophoracea植物体非寄生性，绿叶。花单性雄花成球形状花序雌花生于具状芒刺果壳中........菊科Composita(苍耳属Xanthiu花两性如为单性时也无上情形。草本；两性。叶互生..................................................科Chenopodiaceae叶对生花显著有连合成花状的总...........................茉莉科Nyctaginacea花微小无上述情形总苞.科Amaranthacea常木本花单性或杂。花被片覆瓦状排列至少在花中如此.....................大戟Euphorbiacea花被片镊合状排列雌蕊为1心所成，成熟肉质...........................肉豆科Myristicacea雌蕊为3～6心皮所成，成时革质或木.................梧桐Sterculiacea(苹婆族Sterculiea雄蕊各分离。每花有蕊2至多数。花托下，呈杯状或状。叶对生................................................蜡梅科Calycanthaceae叶互生......................................................蔷薇Rosaceae花托扁或隆起。木本。同被花..................................................兰科Magnoliaceae裸花。无托叶果无毛.................昆栏树科Trochodendraceae(领木属Euptelea)有托叶茎成鞘坚果具毛..........铃木科Platanaceae(悬铃属Platanus)草本，亚灌木。胚珠倒或直生。裂叶或叶..............................................毛茛科Ranunculaceae全缘单................................................三白草Saururaceae胚珠常弯生；全缘叶。7

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直立草；叶互生......................................商陆科Phytolaccacea平卧草对生或近轮.................番科Aizoaceae(针晶粟草属Gisekia)每花仅1个复合或雌蕊子房下或半下位。草本。水生或形沼泽植物花柱个或更；叶羽细裂或复叶...................小二仙草科Haloragidacea花柱个；线全缘单.................................杉叶藻科Hippuridacea陆生本。寄生性质草本，无叶。花单性雌花常无花.................................蛇菰Balanophoracea花杂性被花.锁阳科Cynomoriaceae(锁属Cynomorium)非寄生植物，具绿。叶对生..............................................金兰科Chloranthaceae叶互生平铺草片宽...........................杏科Aizoaceae(番属Tetragonia)直立草片窄面细长...................檀香科百蕊草属Thesium)木本。子房。坚果具斗..................................斗科Fagaceae(水冈属Fagus)核果，壳斗。单性异生圆锥花序..............山茱萸Cornaceae(柄木属Torricellia)花杂性球形头状花有2片白色状苞片托...............珙桐科Nyssacea子房室，稀子房基部可3室。花柱。蒴果，开裂......................................金梅科Hamamelidaceae果实呈果状，或为果状的果，不开裂.....................鼠科Rhamnacea花柱多或无花柱。植物体盾状鳞片......................................颓子科Elaeagnaceae植物体被盾状鳞片叶缘有。叶对生.............................................金兰科Chloranthaceae叶互生...................................................荨麻科Urticaceae叶全缘寄生植；果实浆果...................................寄生科Loranthacea陆生植，果实坚果或核果。花有花.檀香Santalaceae8

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花无花。雄蕊10.............................................使子科Combretacea雄蕊...............................................铁青树Olacacea子房上。托叶呈状抱茎，宿.......................................科Polygonacea无托叶，若有则早。草木，亚灌木。裸花。花两性单性，子房。叶基生复叶.小檗科Berberidacea叶茎生单叶...............................................胡椒科Piperacea花单性子房2室。水生或泽植物，无汁；子2室...................水齿科Callitrichacea陆生植，有乳汁；房3室............................大科Euphorbiacea有花被花被呈状。花有总.............................................紫茉莉科Nyctaginaceae花无总。胚珠................................................瑞科Thymelaeacea胚珠多...............................................报花科Primulaceae花被非状。雄蕊生花被上。叶互生叶..........................蔷薇科Rosaceae(地榆族Sanguisorbieae)单叶，生，稀互生花被片雄蕊各为个，囊.........................石科Caryophyllacea花被片雄蕊各为个，瘦果.................................蓼Polygonacea雄蕊生子房下面。花柱或分枝为2或数个。子房为心皮合生而..................................陆科Phytolaccaceae子房常2心皮合生而。子房................................................大科Euphorbiacea子房。复叶若叶则有叶.....................科Moraceae(麻亚科Cannaboideae)9

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单叶，托叶。花有草而带绿色的被及苞...........................藜科Chenopodiaceae花有干质的花被及片...................................科Amaranthaceae花柱。花两性单心皮蕊.........................毛茛科Ranunculaceae(叶草属Circaeaster)合生心雌蕊。花被片............................罂粟科Papaveraceae(博落回属Macleaya)花被片.............................十花科Crucifera(行菜属Lepidium)花单性水生植；叶细裂成状.............................金鱼藻Ceratophyllacca陆生植；叶为其它形；花片～5........................荨麻科Urticaceae木本植。耐寒旱灌木，叶微而细长有时也可为质而成筒形或半圆形。花无膜苞片；无托.....................................藜科Chenopodiacea花有膜苞片；有托..................................竹科Caryophyllacea不是上植物；叶片圆形至针形，或宽至圆形果实及房均为2至数室，稀不完全的2数室。两性花花被片3～5，覆瓦状列。雄蕊，的蒴果................................水树科Tetracentraceae雄蕊多，浆果状的果..................................大戟Euphorbiacea花被片于6片，呈镊合状排。雄蕊为定数具刺的果.............杜科Elaeocarpaceae(欢喜属Sloanea)雄蕊与被片同数；果或核。雄蕊和被片对生，为3～6...............................铁树科Olacaceae雄蕊和被片互生，为4～5................................鼠李科Rhamnaceae单性花杂性花。果实各；种子无胚或有少胚乳。雄蕊常8；果实果状或有翅蒴果；叶或单叶..........无患子Sapindacea雄蕊核果单.....................鼠李Rhamnaceae(鼠属Rhamnus)果实多蒴果状，无，种子有胚乳。蒴果，有木或革质的外皮及角的内果皮.........缕梅科Hamamelidacea果实如蒴果时，也象上述形。胚珠具脊，多为室开裂的果.戟科Euphorbiacea0

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胚珠具脊；室背开的蒴果或有时呈核状..................黄杨科Buxacea果实及房均为1室，稀3。花被连成筒状。叶背具状鳞片........................................胡子科Elaeagnaceae叶背无状鳞片.........................................瑞香科Thymelaeaceae花被片离，或裸花花药瓣.....................................................樟科Lauraceae花药非裂。叶对生双翅果圆形翅果.树科Aceraceae单翅果长形兼矩圆翅果....................................木科O1eaceae叶互生羽状复。二回羽复叶或退化叶柄状...............科金合欢属Acacia)一回羽复叶。小叶边有锯齿，果有翅............................马尾树科Rhoiptelleacea小叶全，果实无翅花两性杂性.无患科Sapindaceae花单性...............................漆树科Anacardiaceae(黄连木Pistacia)单叶。裸花。多藤本叶全缘.............................................胡椒科Piperacea乔木；缘有齿或缺。掌状叶；有托叶；坚果具毛.铃木科Platanacea羽状叶；无托叶；坚果无............................仲科Eucommiacea有被花尤其在雄花植物体有乳汁................................................科Moraceae植物体无乳汁。花柱或分枝2至数个。花单性叶全缘或叶波状。灌木或灌木果实包于苞片中.......藜科Chenopodiaceae(优藜属Eurotia)乔木或木；果实不藏于苞内.戟科Euphorbiacea花两性单性；叶缘有齿。雄蕊多............................................风子科Flacourtiaceae雄蕊10或较少。子房；木质果.缕金科Hamamelidacea1

160.子房；果实不是质蒴果....................................榆科Ulmaceae156.花柱；稀无花柱161.叶缘有齿；房为1心皮而成。162.花两性..................................................山龙眼科Proteaceae162.花单性。163.花生于当年枝上雄多数.................蔷科Rosaceae(假稠李属Maddenia)163.花生于老枝；雄和花被同数.............................麻科Urticaceae161.叶全缘，稀齿；生心皮蕊。164.果实呈核果或坚状。165.子房具3个胚珠；实成熟由花被筒包.................铁青树科e165.子房具胚珠个，果实与花被离...........................山子科Opiliaceae164.果实呈蒴果或浆状。166.花下位，单花，杂性花果实浆果状无托叶.........风子科Flacourtiaceae(柞属Xylosma)166.花周位，两；果蒴果状有托叶。167.花簇生或头花序花被片4～6.....................大子科Flacourtiaceae(山羊角属Casearia)167.伞形花序花片～14片...........卫科十齿花属Dipentodon)13.双被花有时花可为蜜腺叶代替。168.离瓣花。169.雄蕊以上，或过花瓣2。170.子房下位或下位171.水生植物................................................睡莲Nymphaeaceae171.陆生植物。172.植物体肉质刺，无真正叶..............................人掌科Caetaceae172.植物体为普形态有真正叶。173.草本，稀亚木。174.花单性。175.单性同株，伞花......................................秋棠科Begoniaceae175.单性异株，状或状花序..............................四数科Datiscaceae174.花两性。176.叶基生或茎，呈形；花三出数...................兜铃科Aristolochiaceae176.叶茎生，不心形花非三数。177.花萼裂片常；果5室或多..............................番杏科Aizoaceae2

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花萼裂2；蒴果l室，盖............................齿苋科Portulacaceae木本，亚灌木，有以气生根而攀援。叶常对。叶具齿全缘，花序有不孕边缘花.耳草科Saxifragacea叶全缘花序无不孕。落叶性...................................................石榴科Punicaceae常绿性叶片中腺体微点.........................................桃金娘科Myrtaceae叶片中微点。每室多珠............................................海科Sonneratiaceae每室珠.树科Rhizophoracea叶互生花瓣细，向外翻转.....................................八角枫科Alangiacea花瓣不细长形，不外翻转无托叶叶全缘................................................玉蕊科Lecythidaceae叶缘具................................................山矾科Symplocaceae有托叶花萼裂在果时扩大翅状..........................龙香科Dipterocarpaceae花萼裂无上述变化子房1室侧胎座.................大风子科Flacourtiaceae(料木属Homalium)子房，中轴胎座边缘胎。蔷薇形冠子房位梨果..................蔷薇科Rosaceae(梨亚Pomoideae)非蔷薇花冠，子房下位；果.......................金缕梅科Hamamelidacea(马蹄荷科Bueklandioidea子房上。周位花叶对生轮生；花瓣于蕾中皱折状。花瓣无；浆果.........................................海桑科Sonneratiacea花瓣有爪；蒴果.........................................千屈菜科Lythracea叶互生花瓣不呈皱状。花瓣宿蕊基部连合....................麻科Linaceae(木属Ixonanthes)花瓣脱性；雄蕊分。草本花基数.....................罂粟科Papaveraceae(花菱草属Eschscholzia)草本或本；花五或基数。蔷薇形冠；核果、葖果或果...............................薇科Rosacea3

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非蔷薇花冠荚果豆科Leguminosae(含羞亚科Mimosoideae)下位花雌蕊少至多数。水生植。盾形叶.................................................睡莲科Nymphaeaceae复叶或叶.............................................毛茛科Ranunculaceae陆生植。攀援植。草质藤。两性花................................................毛茛科Ranunculaceae单性花...............................................防己Menispermaceae木质藤或蔓生灌木复叶对...............................................毛科Ranuuculaceae单叶互。花单性心皮多，结果时聚成一球肉质体或散于极延的花托上.木兰科Magnoliaceae(味子亚科Schisandroidea心皮，为核果核果状............................已科Menispermaceae花两性杂性蓇葖果................桠果科Dilleniaceae(叶藤属Tetracera)茎直立单体雄.锦葵科Malvaceae各雄蕊相分离。草本，亚灌木；裂或复叶无托叶种子有胚乳.....................................毛茛科Ranunculacea多有托；种子无胚.........................................蔷科Rosacea木本；叶。萼片及瓣均为镊合排列；乳具嚼痕.番荔枝科Annonacea萼片及瓣均为覆瓦排列；乳无嚼痕。花被片出数，脱落.....................................木兰Magnoliacea花被片出数，萼片存。花柱分；胚珠为不数.................................五果科Dilleniacea花柱合珠单生.........................金莲木科Ochnaceae(金莲木属雌蕊，但花或柱头可1至多数叶具透微点。复叶互....................................................芸科Rutaceae单叶对.黄科Guttiferae叶无透微点。4

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子房单，具1子房室。木本荚..........................科Leguminosae(羞草亚Mimosoideae)草本；荚果。花五出；蓇葖果........................................毛茛Ranunculacea花三出；浆果..........................................小檗科Berberidacea子房为合性。子房，或子基部为。特立中胎座。草本；房基部为室.................马齿苋科Portulaceae(土人参属Talinu灌木；房1室......................树科Rhizophoraceae(茄树属Kandeli侧膜胎。多木本无子房柄或短。叶对生片不相..................半日花Cistaceae(日花属Helianthemum)叶常互；萼片相等植物体含有色泽的液；种肉质，红色.红木科Bixacea植物体不含有色泽汁液；皮坚硬...................风于科Flacourtiacea草本，为木本时则显著的房柄。植物体含乳汁萼片～3................................粟科Papaveraceae植物体不含乳汁；片4。角果................................................白花菜Capparidaceae蒴果...................................................木犀草Resedaceae子房多室，为不完全的2至室。草本；多少有些呈瓣状的片。水生植花瓣多雄蕊状...............睡莲科萍蓬草属Nuphar)陆生植；花瓣非雄状。一年生本;花两性...................毛茛科Ranunculaceae(种草属多年生本花性...................大戟科Euphorbiaceae(麻风树属Jatropha)木本，草本则不具瓣状的片。萼片于蕾内呈镊合排列。雄蕊分或连成数束花药数室；叶或单叶，缘............................木棉科Bombacacea花药；单叶叶缘常有齿花药顶孔裂..........................................杜科Elaeocarpaceae花药纵.椴树科Tiliaceae单体雄，具雄蕊管稀外层蕊不连合。花单性萼片2～3.......................大科Euphorbiaceae(油桐属Aleurite5

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花常两；萼片多片。花药多室。无副萼................................................梧桐科Sterculiaceae有副萼..................................................棉科Bombacaceae花药。花粉粒面平滑状复叶..............木科Bombacaceae(木棉属Gossampinus)花粉粒面有刺；叶各种情...............................葵科Malvacea萼片于蕾内呈覆瓦或旋转排列。单性花蒴果..........................................大戟科Euphorbiacea花多两；果实为其情形。萼片在实时增大成状............................脑香科Dipterocarpaceae萼片无述变化。食虫植；叶基生，管状.............................瓶子草科Sarraceniacea非食虫物，叶不呈状。植物体耐寒旱状；叶全缘叶多对；萼片不等......................................半日花科Cistacea叶互生萼片等大.........................................柽柳科Tamaricacea植物体是耐寒旱状花为四数，或萼片2片。植物体含乳汁；无有极短房柄.........................粟科Papaveracea植物体无乳汁；有长的子柄........................白花菜Capparidacea花常为出数。蒴果具个棱角............................蔷科Rosaceae(鹃梅属Exochorda)非蒴果稀为不具个棱角的蒴果木质藤.............................................猕猴桃科Actinidiaceae乔木或木。花药顶孔裂..........................................水哥科Saurauiaceae花药纵开裂................................................山茶科Theaceae雄蕊10或较少，如于时，其目不超过花的2倍雄蕊和瓣同数，且它对生雌蕊多个，生。直立草或亚灌木；两性.....................................蔷科Rosacea木质或质藤本；花性。常单叶核果.防已Menispermacea6

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复叶；果..............................................木通科Lardizabacea雌蕊。子房数室。藤本；须与叶对生葡科Vitacea非藤本若藤本则无须。单体雄。单叶..................................................梧科Sterculiaceae复叶....................................................木棉科Bombacaceae雄蕊互分离，稀在部连合无托叶片不等.......................................清风藤科Sabiaceae常有托；萼片等大单叶.....................................................李科Rhamnaceae复叶萄科Vitaceae(筒树属Leea)子房，稀子下部呈。子房下或半下位。叶互生.............................................大子科Flacourtiaceae叶对生轮生..........................................桑生科Loranthaceae子房上。花药瓣...............................................小科Berberidaceae花药非裂。缠绕草；叶肉质.................................................葵科直立草或木本。单体雄...............................................梧科Sterculiaceae雄蕊相分离。雌蕊单...............................................小科Berberidaceae雌蕊复。常为草，花萼有个分离萼片。花瓣，侧膜座.......................................粟科Papaveracea花瓣常5，基底座..................................齿苋科Portulacacea木本，蔓生；花萼生。常单性；雄蕊能育.....................................紫金牛科Myrsinacea花两性有不育雄蕊有时代蜜腺。花萼于时增大.铁青树科Olacaceae花萼于时不增大........................................山柚科Opiliaceae成熟雄和花瓣不同，如同时则雄蕊和互生。花单性雄蕊8个，不等长漆树Anacardiacec花两性单性，雄花的雄蕊长。7

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花萼或筒部和子房少有些合。每子房内含胚珠至多个。花药以端孔裂.......................................牡丹科Melastomaceae花药纵开裂。草本或灌木。具卷须攀援草本.......................................芦科Cucurbitaceae无卷须植物。萼片或萼裂片2片；植物体少肉质而多分............马齿苋科Portulacacea萼片或萼裂片4片，植体常不肉质。花柱多个；子具胚乳..............................耳草科Saxifragacea花柱；种子胚乳....................................叶菜科Onagracea木本。叶互生头状花............................................缕梅科Hamamelidaceae总状或锥花序。叶基部3～6出；子房l；浆果虎耳草科Saxifragacea叶具羽脉；子房室；非果.........................野茉科Styracacea叶常对。胚珠多，侧膜或中胎座；托叶......................虎耳草科Saxifragacea胚珠数个，于子房室顶悬垂；托叶或无。无托叶种子无胚乳....................................使君科Combretacea有托叶种子常有胚，胎生............................树科Rhizophoracea每子房内含胚珠个。双悬果常为伞形花......................................伞形科Umbellifer非双悬；各式花序草本。花柱或头2～4；种具胚乳.....................二仙草Haloragidacea花柱，或具1状或呈2的柱；种子胚乳。陆生；二出数；坚具钩状毛...........................柳叶菜科Onagracea水生花四数坚果具刺2～4个...................菱科Trapaceae(菱属木本。果实干或为蒴果状子房.金缕梅科Hamamelidacea8

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子房。伞房或锥花序.......................................叶桐科Hernandiaceae头状花...............................蓝果科Nyssaceae(喜树属Camptotheca)果实核状或浆果状叶互生对生；花瓣合状排；常不为伞或头状序。花瓣卵至披针形，药短..................................山茱萸Cornacea花瓣狭并向外翻转花药细...........................八角枫科Alangiacea叶互生花瓣呈覆瓦或镊合排列；花序为伞形头状花序。子房；花杂或单性...................................果树科Nyssacea子房多室；1时则为性花...........................加科Araliacea花萼和房相分离。叶片中透明微点。荚果.......................................................科Leguminosa非荚果......................................................芸科Rutacea叶片中透明微点。雌蕊或更多互相分离或有局部连合，也可房分离花柱连合成个。多水分草木具肉质的及叶............................天科Crassulacea植物体其它情形。周围花花的各呈螺旋状排，萼片渐变为花瓣.................蜡梅Calycanthacea花的各呈轮状排列萼片和瓣有分化。蔷薇形冠..................................................蔷科Rosaceae非蔷薇花冠.........................................耳草科Saxifragaceae下位花稀微呈周位草本或灌木。各子房花柱互相分。裂叶，互生或基生......................................茛科Ranunculace单叶全，对生或轮.....................................马科Coriariacea各子房具1共同的花柱或柱.........................牛儿苗Geraniacea木本。单叶。叶对生轮生.............................................马科Coriariacea叶互生掌状叶................................................悬铃木Platanacea羽状叶。9

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雌蕊多数；立或缠绕性木；花性或单性.木兰科Magnoliacea雌蕊；直立木本；两性。子房，以共同的花柱连合，子房均可成为核果..莲木科Ochnacea子房，各具士花，仅有1子房成熟核果..........漆树Anacardiacea复叶。叶对生...............................................省沽科Staphyleacea叶互生藤本；状复叶或三复叶.木通科Lardizabalacea多直立本；羽状复。果实为1多数种的浆果，状猫屎....................木通科Lardizabalacea果实为它形状。蓇葖果................................................牛栓藤科Connaraceae离果或果.............................................苦木科Simaroubaceae雌蕊，或至其子房。单心皮1子房。核果或果。花药瓣.....................................................樟科Lauraceae花药纵开裂。落叶性周位花...............................................薇蔷科Rosacea常绿性下位花..........................................漆树科Anacardiacea蓇葖果荚果。蓇葖果灌木；叶...................................................蔷薇科藤本；叶..............................................牛栓藤科Connaracea荚果......................................................豆Leguminosae多心皮子房，或结成1室子房。子房或上部1，也可央有假隔膜而发成。花下位花瓣4片，稀可更多萼片.................................................粟科Papaveracea萼片。子房柄长...........................................花菜科Copparidaceae子房柄短或无角果...................................十字花科Cruciferae花周位下位，花瓣，稀或更多每子房内仅有1胚珠。20

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木本；为羽状复叶羽状复具托叶及小叶................................省沽油科Staphleaceae羽状复或单叶，无叶及小叶.树科Anacardiacea木本或本；单叶。常为木；无膜质托。无托叶花药瓣裂；果或核.................................科Lauracea托叶小早落；花药长开裂坚果..................钩枝藤科Ancistrocladacea草本或灌木；具膜托叶...................................科Polygonacea每子房内有2至多个胚珠。木本。花瓣及蕊均着生于萼上................................屈菜种Lythraceae花瓣及蕊均着生于托上。核果或果。花萼在时扩大.铁青树科Olacaceae花萼在时不扩大.......................................茱萸科Icacinaceae蒴果或果。花左右称。复叶....................................................辣木科Moringaceae单叶...................................................远志科Polygalaceae花辐射称。花瓣具爪..........................................桐花科Pittosporaceae花瓣无长的瓣爪。耐寒旱植物；有鳞状或细形的叶片.柽柳科Tamaricacea非耐寒性具卷须而援的植，具较宽大叶片.西莲科Passifloracea草本或灌木。胎座位子房室的中或基底花瓣着于花萼的喉....................................屈菜科Lythraceae花瓣着于花托上。萼片..............................................马苋科Portulacacea萼片...........................................石竹科Caryophyllacea侧膜胎。食虫植；具生有腺刚毛的片.膏菜科Dorseracea非食虫物；无上述片。花左右称。花有一于前方的距物.....................................堇菜科Violaceae1

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花有一于后方的大花盘................................犀草科Resedaceae花辐射称。具副花及子房柄....................................西番莲Passifloraceae无副花及子房柄.......................................耳草Saxifragaceae子房或更多。花瓣形极不相等。每子房内有数至多胚珠。子房..............................................虎草科Saxifragacea子房..............................................凤花科Balsaminacea每子房内仅1胚珠。叶盾状雄蕊离生......................................金莲科Tropaeolacea非盾形；单体雄蕊......................................志科Polygalacea花瓣形彼此相同或有不等雄蕊数花瓣数既不等，也是它的倍数叶对生雄蕊，常个。蒴果.............................................七树科Hippocastanaceae翅果......................................................槭科Aceraceae雄蕊，稀4～5个。花被为出数.......................................子藤科Hippocrateaceae花被为出数................................................木犀科Oleaceae叶互生单叶；性花.大戟科Euphorbiacea单叶或叶；花两性杂性。单体雄....................................................梧科Sterculi雄蕊离。子房；种子具翅........................................科Meliacea子房常3；种子翅。花下位萼片分离或有连合无患子科Sapindacea花周位萼片连合成形...........................钟萼科Bretschneideracea雄蕊和瓣数相等，是它的数。每子房内有胚珠至多数。复叶。单体雄...............................................酢草科Oxalidaceae雄蕊离。叶互生2

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二至三的三出复叶或掌状.........................耳草科Saxifragacea一回羽复叶.................................................科Meliaceae叶对生双数羽复叶..........................................蒺科Zygophyllaceae单数羽复叶.........................................沽油科Staphyleaceae单叶。草本或灌木。花周位花托多少有中空。雄蕊着于杯状花托边缘.............................虎耳草科Saxifragaceae雄蕊着于杯状或管花萼或托的内侧....................千菜科Lythraceae花下位花托常扁平叶对生轮生，常全。水生或泽草本，亚灌木；有托叶.......................沟缕科Elatinacea陆生草；无托叶.......................................竹科Cryophyllacea叶互生基生，稀对，叶缘齿，或叶退为鳞片。有托叶萼片脱落性.........................................椴树科Tiliacea无托叶萼片宿存.........................................马蹄草科Pyrolacea木本。花瓣常彼此衔接或边缘互依附的柄状爪.......海桐科Pittospororaceae花瓣无爪，或仅具相分离细长柄状瓣。花托空。叶常绿互生，叶缘齿................................虎耳草科Saxifragacea叶脱落，对生或互，全缘子房，1花柱...................................屈菜科Lythraceae子房，花柱....................................缕梅科Hamamelidaceae花托扁或微凸起。花为四数，浆果或果。花序生当年新枝上花瓣先有齿裂.....................杜英科Elaeocarpacea花序生昔年老枝上花瓣完.........................节花科Stachyuracea花为五数；蒴果。子房..................................................柳科Clethracea子房..................................................鹃花科Ericacea每子房内有胚珠个。3

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草本，时基部呈灌状。花单性杂性。复叶；本..............................................无患子科Sapindacea单叶..................................................大科Euphorbiaceae花两性萼片呈合状排列果实有刺.............树科Tiliaceae(刺蒴麻属Triumfetta)萼片呈瓦状排列；实无刺雄蕊分，花柱连合...................................牛儿苗科Geraniacea雄蕊连，花柱分离亚科Linacea木本。叶肉质常为1对小叶所组成复叶.......................蒺藜Zygophyllacea叶为其情形。叶对生翅果。花瓣具；每果实有翅果...........................金虎科Malpighiacea花瓣全；每果实具或连合为1个翅果…..................槭树科Aceracea叶互生如对生时，不为翅。复叶，单叶而有具的果实单体雄。花三出.橄榄Burseraceae花四至出数.................................................科Meliaceae雄蕊分。单叶；果具翅.卫矛科Celastracea复叶；实无翅。花柱；叶常互生..................................树科Anacardiacea花柱；叶对或互生。羽状复互生.无患科Sapindaceae掌状复对生。单叶；实无翅。单体雄，如为2轮时，则内雄蕊连合。花单性................................................大戟科Euphorbiaceae花两性果实呈果状................................................亚麻科Linaceae果实呈果状.........................................柯科Erythroxylaceae雄蕊离，稀和花瓣连合而成1管状物。果呈蒴状。花下位4

387.科eae387.e386.385.388.389.e389.390.e390.e388.391.392.392.393.e393.391.394.394.395.e395.e168.396.397.398.e398.397.399.400.e400.401.401.e399.

叶常绿落叶；花两或单性子房3，稀2或室，有时可至.....大戟Euphorbiac叶常绿花两性，子5室...........................五列木科Penlaphylacacea花周位.................................................卫矛科Celastraceae果呈核状，有时木化，或浆果状。种子无乳，胚体肥而多肉。雄蕊10.............................................蒺科Zygophyllacea雄蕊。叶互生花瓣5片...................................毒子科Dichapetalacea叶对生花瓣4片.....................................刺茉莉科Salyadoracea种子有乳，胚体有很小。花瓣呈合状排列。雄蕊和瓣同数.........................................茶茱萸科Icacinaceae雄蕊为瓣的倍数枝条无；叶对生.......................................树科Rhizophoracea枝条有互生.铁青树科Olacaceae(海檀木属Ximenia)花瓣呈瓦状排列。落叶藤.............................................猕猴桃科Actinidiaceae多为常乔木或灌木花下位无花盘..........................................冬青科Aquifoliacea花周位有花盘.卫矛科Cetastracea合瓣花成熟雄或单体雄蕊花药数多于花冠裂。离生心雌蕊或单心雌蕊。单叶对，肉质.景天科Crassulacea复叶互肉质.....................豆Leguminosae(羞草亚Mimosoideae)合生心雌蕊。花单性杂性。无分枝本；子房室....................................木瓜科Caricacea具分枝本；子