高考英语真题 全国II及论大学生写作能力

2019高考英语真题全国II1/13第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary. B.Inabookstore. C.Inaclassroom.2.Howdoesthewomanfeelnow?A.Relaxed. B.Excited. C.Tired.3.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.$20. B.$80. C.$100.4.WhatdoesthemantellJanetodo?A.Postponehisappointment. B.MeetMr.Douglas. C.Returnat3o’clock.5.WhywouldDavidquithisjob?A.Togobacktoschool. B.Tostarthisownfirm. C.Toworkforhisfriend.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?A.Checkthecupboard. B.Cleanthebalcony. C.Buyanumbrella.7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Employerandemployee. C.Shopassistantandcustomer.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Wheredidthewomangoattheweekend?A.Thecitycentre. B.Theforestpark. C.Theman’shome.9.Howdidthemanspendhisweekend?A.Packingforamove. B.GoingoutwithJenny. C.Lookingforanewhouse.10.

What

will

the

woman

do

for

the

man?A.

Take

Henry

to

hospital.

B.

Stay

with

his

kid.

C.

Look

after

his

pet.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.

What

is

Mr.

Stone

doing

now?

A.

Eating

lunch.

B.

Having

a

meeting.

C.

Writing

a

diary.12.

Why

does

the

man

want

to

see

Mr.

Stone?

A.

To

discuss

a

program.

B.

To

make

a

travel

plan.

C.

To

ask

for

sick

leave.13.

When

will

the

man

meet

Mr.

Stone

this

afternoon?

A.

At

3:00.

B.

At

3:30.

C.

At

3:45.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Acompany. B.Aninterview. C.Ajoboffer.15.WhoisMonicaStansfield?A.Ajuniorspecialist. B.Adepartmentmanager. C.Asalesassistant.16.Whenwillthemanhearfromthewoman?A.OnTuesday. B.OnWednesday. C.OnThursday.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatdidJohnenjoydoinginhischildhood?A.TouringFrance. B.Playingoutdoors. C.Paintingpictures.18.WhatdidJohndoafterhemovedtotheUS?A.Hedidbusiness. B.Hestudiedbiology. C.Heworkedonafarm.19.WhydidJohngohunting?A.Forfood. B.Forpleasure. C.Formoney.20.WhatisthesubjectofJohn’sworks?A.Americanbirds. B.Naturalscenery. C.Familylife.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）AMyFavouriteBooksJoUsmarisawriterforCosmopolitanandco-authoroftheThisBookWillseries（系列）oflifestylebooks.Hereshepickshertopreads.MatildaRoaldDahlIoncewroteapaperontheinfluenceoffairytalesonRoaldDahl'swritinganditgavemeanewappreciationforhisstrangeanddelightfulwords.Matilda'sbattleswithhercruelparentsandthebossyheadmistress,MissTrunchbull，areequallyfumyandfrightening,butthey'realsoaspirational.AfterDarkHarukiMurakamiIt’sabouttwosisters—Eri,amodelwhoeitherwon’torcan’tstopsleeping,andMari,ayoungstudent.Intryingtoconnecttohersister,Maristartschangingherlifeanddiscoversaworldofdiverse"nightpeople"whoarehidingsecrets.GoneGirlGillianFlynnTherewasabitofmethatdidn'twanttolovethiswheneveryoneelseontheplanetdid,butthehorrorstoryisbrilliant.There'stensionandanxietyfromthebeginningasNickandAmybattleforyourtrust.It'sarealwhodunitandthefrustrationwhenyourealisewhat'sgoingonishorriblyenjoyable.TheStandStephenKingThisisanexcellentfantasynovelfromoneofthebeststorytellersaround.Afteraseriousfluoutbreakwipesout99.4%oftheworld'spopulation,abattleunfoldsbetweengoodandevilamongthoseleft.RandallFlaggisoneofthescariestcharactersever.21.Whodoes"I"refertointhetext?A.StephenKing. B.GillianFlynn. C.JoUsmar. D.RoaldDahl.22.WhichofthefollowingtellsaboutMariandEri?A.Cosmopolitan. B.Matilda. C.AfterDark. D.TheStand.23.WhatkindofbookisGoneGirl?A.Afolktale. B.Abiography. C.Alovestory. D.Ahorrorstory.B"Youcanusemeasalastresort（选择）,andifnobodyelsevolunteers,thenIwilldoit."ThiswasanactualreplyfromaparentafterIputoutarequestforvolunteersformykids'lacrosse（长曲棍球）club.Iguessthatthere'sprobablysomedemandingworkschedule,orsocialanxietyaroundsteppinguptohelpforanunknownsport.Shemayjustneedalittlepersuading.SoItryagainandtugattheheartstrings.ImentionthesingleparentwithfourkidsrunningtheshowandItalkaboutthedadcoachingateamthathiskidsaren’tevenon…Atthispointtheunwillingparentspeaksup,"Alright.Yes,I’lldoit."I’msecretlyrelievedbecauseIknowthere’srealpowerinsharingvolunteerresponsibilitiesamongmany.Theunwillingparentorganizesthemealschedule,sendsoutemails,andcollectsmoneyforend-of-seasongifts.Somewherealongtheway,thesameparentendsupbecominganinvaluablememberoftheteam.Thecoachisabletofocusonthekidswhiletheotherparentsarerelievedtobeoffthehookforanotherseason.Handingoutslicedorangestobloodthirstykidscanbeasexcitingaswatchingyourownkidscoreagoal.Still,mostofusvolunteersbreatheasighofreliefwhentheseasoncomestoaclose.Thatreliefiscoupledwithadeepunderstandingofwhythesamepeoplekeepcomingbackformore:Connectingtothecommunity（社区）asyoufreelygiveyourtime,money,skills,orservicesprovidesarealjoy.Volunteeringjustfeelssogood.Inthatsense,I’mprettysurevolunteeringismoreofaselfishactthanI’dfreelyliketoadmit.However,ifothersbenefitintheprocess,andIgetsomerewardtoo,doesitreallymatterwheremymotivationlies?24.Whatcanweinferabouttheparentfromherreplyinparagraphl?A.Sheknowslittleabouttheclub. B.Sheisn'tgoodatsports.C.Shejustdoesn'twanttovolunteer. D.She'sunabletomeetherschedule.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"tugattheheartstrings"inparagraph2mean?A.Encourageteamwork. B.Appealtofeelings.C.Promotegooddeeds. D.Provideadvice.26.Whatcanwelearnabouttheparentfromparagraph3?A.Shegetsinterestedinlacrosse. B.Sheisproudofherkids.C.She’llworkforanotherseason. D.Shebecomesagoodhelper.27.Whydoestheauthorlikedoingvolunteerwork?A.Itgivesherasenseofduty. B.Itmakesherveryhappy.C.Itenableshertoworkhard. D.Itbringshermaterialrewards.CMarianBechtelsitsatWestPalmBeach’sBarLouiecounterbyherself,quietlyreadinghere-bookasshewaitsforhersalad.Whatisshereading?Noneofyourbusiness!LunchisBechtel’s"me"time.AndlikemoreAmericans,she’snotalone.Anewreportfound46percentofmealsareeatenaloneinAmerica.Morethanhalf（53percent）havebreakfastaloneandnearlyhalf（46percent）havelunchbythemselves.Onlyatdinnertimeareweeatingtogetheranymore,74percent,accordingtostatisticsfromthereport."Iprefertogooutandbeout.Alone,buttogether,youknow?"Bechtelsaid,lookingupfromherbook.Bechtel,whoworksindowntownWestPalmBeach,haslunchwithcoworkerssometimes,butlikemanyofus,toooftenworksthroughlunchatherdesk.Alunchtimeescapeallowshertokeepabossfromtappingherontheshoulder.Shereturnstoworkfeelingenergized."Today,Ijustwantedsometimetomyself,"shesaid.Justtwoseatsover,AndrewMazoleny,alocalvideographer,isfinishinghislunchatthebar.Helikesthathecansitandcheckhisphoneinpeaceorchatupthebarkeeperwithwhomhe'sonafirst-namebasisifhewantstohavealittleinteraction（交流）."Ireflectonhowmyday'sgoneandthinkabouttherestoftheweek,"hesaid."It'sachanceforself-reflection,Youreturntoworkrechargedandwithaplan."Thatfreedomtochooseisonereasonmorepeopleliketoeatalone.Therewasatimewhenpeoplemayhavefeltawkwardaboutaskingforatableforone,butthosedaysareover.Now,wehaveoursmartphonestokeepuscompanyatthetable."Itdoesn'tfeelasaloneasitmayhavebeforealltheadvancesintechnology,"saidLaurieDemeritt,whosecompanyprovidedthestatisticsforthereport.28.Whatarethestatisticsinparagraph2about?A.Foodvariety. B.Eatinghabits. C.Tablemanners. D.Restaurantservice.29.WhydoesBechtelprefertogooutforlunch?A.Tomeetwithhercoworkers. B.Tocatchupwithherwork.C.Tohavesometimeonherown. D.Tocollectdataforherreport.30.WhatdoweknowaboutMazoleny?A.Hemakesvideosforthebar. B.He’sfondofthefoodatthebar.C.Heinterviewscustomersatthebar. D.He’sfamiliarwiththebarkeeper.31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thetrendofhavingmealsalone. B.Theimportanceofself-reflection.C.Thestressfromworkingovertime. D.Theadvantageofwirelesstechnology.DBacteriaareanannoyingproblemforastronauts.Themicroorganisms（微生物）fromourbodiesgrowuncontrollablyonsurfacesoftheInternationalSpaceStation,soastronautsspendhourscleaningthemupeachweek.HowisNASAovercomingthisverytinybigproblem?It’sturningtoabunchofhighschoolkids.Butnotjustanykids.ItdependingonNASAHUNCHhighschoolclassrooms,liketheonescienceteachersGeneGordonandDonnaHimmelbergleadatFairportHighSchoolinFairport,NewYork.HUNCHisdesignedtoconnecthighschoolclassroomswithNASAengineers.Forthepasttwoyears,Gordon’sstudentshavebeenstudyingwaystokillbacteriainzerogravity,andtheythinkthey’reclosetoasolution（解决方案）.“Wedon’tgivethestudentsanybreaks.TheyhavetodoitjustlikeNASAengineers,”saysFlorenceGold,aprojectmanager."Therearenotests,"Gordonsays."Thereisnogradedhomework.Therealmostarenogrades,otherthan'Areyouworkingtowardsyourgoal?'Basically,it’s'I’vegottoproducethisproductandthen,attheendofyear,presentittoNASA.'Engineerscomeandreallydoanin-personreview,and...it’snotaverynicethingattimes.It’sahardbusinessreviewofyourproduct."GordonsaystheHUNCHprogramhasanimpact（影响）oncollegeadmissionsandpracticallifeskills."ThesekidsaresoabsorbedintheirstudiesthatIjustsitback.Idon’tteach."Andthatannoyingbacteria?GordonsayshisstudentsareemailingdailywithNASAengineersabouttheproblem,readyingaworkablesolutiontotestinspace.32.WhatdoweknowaboutthebacteriaintheInternationalSpaceStation?A.Theyarehardtogetridof. B.Theyleadtoairpollution.C.Theyappearindifferentforms. D.Theydamagetheinstruments.33.WhatisthepurposeoftheHUNCHprogram?A.Tostrengthenteacher-studentrelationships.B.Tosharpenstudents’communicationskills.C.Toallowstudentstoexperiencezerogravity.D.Tolinkspacetechnologywithschooleducation.34.WhatdotheNASAengineersdoforthestudentsintheprogram?A.Checktheirproduct. B.Guideprojectdesigns.C.Adjustworkschedules. D.Gradetheirhomework.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.NASA:TheHomeofAstronauts B.Space:TheFinalHomeworkFrontierC.Nature:AnOutdoorClassroom D.HUNCH:ACollegeAdmissionReform第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Imagineachildstandingonadivingboardfourfeethighandaskinghimselfthequestion:"ShouldIjump?"Thisiswhatmotivationorthelackofitcando.Motivationandgoalsettingarethetwosidesofthesamecoin.36Likethechildonthedivingboard,youwillstayundecided.37Morethanthat,howshouldyoustaymotivatedtoachievethegoal?First,youneedtoevaluateyourself,yourvaluesyourstrengths,yourweaknesses,yourachievements,yourdesires,etc.Onlythenshouldyousetyourgoals.Youalsoneedtojudgethequalityanddepthofyourmotivation.Thisisquiteimportant,becauseitisdirectlyrelatedtoyourcommitment.Therearetimeswhenyourheartisnotinyourwork.38So,slowdownandthinkwhatyoureallywanttodoatthatmoment.Clarity（清晰）ofthoughtscanhelpyoumoveforward.Anotherwayofsettingrealisticgoalsistoanalyzeyourshortandlongtermobjectives,keepinginmindyourbeliefs,valuesandstrengths.Rememberthatgoalsareflexible.39Theyalsoneedtobemeasurable.Youmustkeepthesepointsinmindwhilesettingyourgoals.Yourpersonalcircumstancesareequallyimportant.Forexample,youmaywanttobeaPilotbutcan’tbecomeonebecauseyoureyesightisnotgoodenough.40Youshouldreassessyourgoals,andmotivateyourselftosetafreshgoal.Youwillsurelyneedtoovercomesomedifficulties,someplanned,butmostunplanned.Youcannotovercomethemwithoutamplemotivation.Makesurethatyouplanforthesedifficultiesatthetimeofsettingyourgoals.A.Thiscanaffectyourwork.B.Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?C.However,thisshouldnotdiscourageyou.D.Sowhyshouldwetrytosetspecificgoals?E.Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.F.Motivationiswhatyouneedmosttodoagoodjob.G.Withoutmotivation,youcanneithersetagoalnorreachit.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）It’sabout250milesfromthehillsofwest-centralIowatoEhlers’homeinMinnesota.Duringthelongtriphome,followingaweekendofhunting,Ehlers41aboutthesmalldoghehadseen42alongsidetheroad.Hehad43tocoax（哄）thedogtohimbut,frightened,ithad44.Backhome,Ehlerswastroubledbythat45dog.So,fourdayslater,hecalledhisfriendGreg,andthetwodrove46.Afteralongandcareful47,Gregsaw,acrossafield,thedogmoving48away.Ehlerseventuallysucceededincoaxingtheanimaltohim.Nervousnessandfearwerereplacedwith49.Itjuststartedlicking（舔）Ehlers’face.Alocalfarmertoldthemthedogsoundedlikeone50aslostinthelocalpaper.Theadhada51numberforatowninsouthernMichigan.Ehlers52thenumberofJeffandLisatotellthemhehad53theirdog.Jeffhad54inIowabeforeThanksgivingwithhisdog,Rosie,butthegunshotshadscaredthedogoff.Jeffsearched55forRosieinthenextfourdays.EhlersreturnedtoMinnesota,andthendrove100milestoMinneapolistoputRosieonaflighttoMichigan."It’sgoodtoknowthere’sstillsomeoneouttherewho56enoughtogotothatkindof57,"saysLisaofEhlers’rescue58."Ifiguredwhoeverlostthedogwasprobablyjustas59toitasIamtomydogs,"saysEhlers."Ifithadbeenmydog,I’dhopethatsomebodywouldbe60togothatextramile."41.A.read B.forgot C.thought D.heard42.A.fighting B.trembling C.eating D.sleeping43.A.tried B.agreed C.promised D.regretted44.A.calmeddown B.stoodup C.rolledover D.runoff45.A.injured B.stolen C.lost D.rescued46.A.home B.past C.back D.on47.A.preparation B.explanation C.test D.search48.A.cautiously B.casually C.skillfully D.angrily49.A.surprise B.joy C.hesitation D.anxiety50.A.predicted B.advertised C.believed D.recorded51.A.house B.phone C.street D.car52.A.called B.copied C.counted D.remembered53.A.fed B.adopted C.found D.cured54.A.hunted B.skied C.lived D.worked55.A.onpurpose B.ontime C.inturn D.invain56.A.cares B.sees C.suffers D.learns57.A.place B.trouble C.waste D.extreme58.A.service B.plan C.effort D.team59.A.equal B.allergic C.grateful D.close60.A.suitable B.proud C.wise D.willing第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）stillworking40hoursaweek.NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,62sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.Heryearsofhardworkhave63（final）beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated（提名）hertobeCheshire'sWomanOfTheYear.Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrene64（declare）shehadnoplans65（retire）fromher36-year-oldbusiness.Irenesaid,"Idon'tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI66（make）overtheyears.IworknotbecauseIhaveto,67becauseIwantto."GranddaughterGayleParks,31—whoworksalongsideherinthefamilybusiness—saiditremainedunknownastowhonominatedIrenefortheaward.Shesaid,"Wedon'thaveanyideawhoputgrandmaforward.Whenwegotacall68（say）shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwas69joke.Butthenwegotanofficialletterandwewereblownaway.Wearesoproudofher.It's70(wonder）.”

第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。SinceIwasakid,I’veconsidereddifferentjobIwouldliketodo.First,Iwantedtobeafireman,whoseuniformlookedsocoolly.Then,whenIwasinthefivegrade,IwantedtobeateacherbecauseIlikedmyEnglishteachertoomuch.WhenIstudiedchemistryhighschool,Ireconsideredmygoalordecidedtobeadoctor.Theyweretworeasonsforthedecision.OnewasthatIwasamazingatthefactthatasickpersoncouldfeelmuchmorebetterafterseeingadoctor.AndtheotheristhatIwantedtohelppeopleinneed.第二节书面表达（满分25分）假定你是校排球队队长李华。请写封邮件告知你的队友Chris球队近期将参加比赛，内容包括：1.比赛信息；2.赛前准备；3.表达期待。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

第一部分听力1—5BCBAC6—10CABAC11—15BACCB16—20ACABA第二部分阅读理解21—25CCDCB26—30DBBCD31—35AADAB36—40GBAEC第三部分语言知识运用第一节41—45CBADC46—50CDABB51—55BACAD56—60ABCDD第二节61.being 62.which 63.finally 64.declared 65.toretire66.havemade 67.but 68.saying 69.a 70.wonderful第四部分写作第一节短文改错SinceIwasakid,I’veconsidereddifferentIwouldliketodo.First,Iwantedtobeafireman,whoseuniformlookedso.Then,whenIwasinthegrade,IwantedtobeateacherbecauseIlikedmyEnglishteachermuch.WhenIstudiedchemistryhighschool,Ireconsideredmygoaldecidedtobeadoctor.weretworeasonsforthedecision.OnewasthatIwasatthefactthatasickpersoncouldfeelmuchbetterafterseeingadoctor.AndtheotherthatIwantedtohelppeopleinneed.第二节书面表达答案略

论大学生写作能力写作能力是对自己所积累的信息进行选择、提取、加工、改造并将之形成为书面文字的能力。积累是写作的基础，积累越厚实，写作就越有基础，文章就能根深叶茂开奇葩。没有积累，胸无点墨，怎么也不会写出作文来的。写作能力是每个大学生必须具备的能力。从目前高校整体情况上看，大学生的写作能力较为欠缺。一、大学生应用文写作能力的定义那么，大学生的写作能力究竟是指什么呢？叶圣陶先生曾经说过，“大学毕业生不一定能写小说诗歌，但是一定要写工作和生活中实用的文章，而且非写得既通顺又扎实不可。”对于大学生的写作能力应包含什么，可能有多种理解，但从叶圣陶先生的谈话中，我认为：大学生写作能力应包括应用写作能力和文学写作能力，而前者是必须的，后者