全无机钙钛矿纳米晶制备及其光电特性和稳定性研究

全无机钙钛矿纳米晶制备及其光电特性和稳定性研究全无机钙钛矿纳米晶制备及其光电特性和稳定性研究

摘要：全无机钙钛矿在光伏领域中具有广泛的应用前景，而纳米晶化技术则是实现其高效能转换的重要手段之一。本文采用简单的溶剂热法，成功制备出CsPbBr3和CsPbI3的纳米晶，并通过X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜和高分辨透射电镜对其进行表征，发现样品纯度高、粒径大小分布均匀。同时，利用紫外可见分光光度计、荧光光谱仪和时域荧光仪对样品的光学性质和发光特性进行了详细的研究，结果表明制备的纳米晶样品具有优异的光电特性。此外，通过在空气和水等恶劣环境下长时间储存和测试，揭示了样品的稳定性和耐久性，为全无机钙钛矿在大规模商业应用中的应用提供了基础研究支持。

关键词：全无机钙钛矿；纳米晶化；光电特性；稳定性

Abstract:All-inorganicperovskitehasgreatpotentialinthefieldofphotovoltaicsandnano-crystallizationtechnologyisanimportantmeanstoachieveefficientenergyconversion.Inthispaper,CsPbBr3andCsPbI3nanocrystalsweresuccessfullypreparedbyasimplesolventthermalmethod.ThesampleswerecharacterizedbyX-raydiffraction,transmissionelectronmicroscopeandhigh-resolutiontransmissionelectronmicroscope,andtheresultsshowedthatthesamplepuritywashighandtheparticlesizedistributionwasuniform.Atthesametime,theopticalpropertiesandluminescencecharacteristicsofthesampleswerestudiedindetailbyusingUV-Visspectrophotometer,fluorescencespectrometerandtime-resolvedfluorescencespectrometer,andtheresultsshowedthatthepreparednanocrystalsampleshadexcellentoptoelectronicproperties.Inaddition,thestabilityanddurabilityofthesampleswererevealedbylong-termstorageandtestinginharshenvironmentssuchasairandwater,providingbasicresearchsupportforlarge-scalecommercialapplicationofall-inorganicperovskite.

Keywords:All-inorganicPerovskite;Nanocrystallization;OptoelectronicProperties;StabilitAll-inorganicperovskitenanocrystals(CsPbX3,X=Cl,Br,I)havegainedmuchattentioninrecentyearsduetotheirpotentialforuseinawiderangeofoptoelectronicapplications,suchasphotovoltaics,light-emittingdiodes(LEDs),andlasers.However,thestabilityanddurabilityofthesematerialsarestillamajorconcernfortheirlarge-scalecommercialapplication.

Inthisstudy,wesuccessfullypreparedall-inorganicperovskitenanocrystalsusingasimpleandefficienthot-injectionmethod.Theresultingsampleshadexcellentoptoelectronicproperties,asdemonstratedbytheirhighphotoluminescencequantumyieldsandnarrowemissionspectra.Furthermore,thefluorescencelifetimemeasurementsrevealedthehighradiativerecombinationrateandefficientenergytransferinthesamples.

Toevaluatethestabilityanddurabilityofthepreparedsamples,weconductedlong-termstorageandtestingexperimentsinharshenvironmentssuchasairandwater.Theresultsshowedthatthesampleswerestableandcouldmaintaintheiroptoelectronicperformanceevenafterbeingexposedtotheseenvironmentsforextendedperiods.

Overall,ourstudyprovidesvaluableinsightsintothenanocrystallization,optoelectronicproperties,stability,anddurabilityofall-inorganicperovskitenanocrystals,whicharenecessaryfortheirpracticalapplicationinvariousdevices.FurtherresearchisneededtooptimizethepreparationprocessandimprovetheoverallperformanceofthesematerialsInadditiontotheaforementionedareasofresearch,therearestillseveralotheraspectsthatrequirefurtherinvestigationinordertofullyexploitthepotentialofall-inorganicperovskitenanocrystals.Onesuchareaistheirscalabilityforlarge-scaleproduction.Althoughsomeofthereportedsynthesismethodshaveshowntobeeffectiveforproducinghigh-qualitynanocrystals,theymaynotbesuitableformassproduction.Therefore,itisnecessarytodevelopcost-effectiveandscalablemethodsforthelarge-scaleproductionofall-inorganicperovskitenanocrystalswithconsistentquality.

Anotherimportantareaofresearchistheoptimizationoftheopticalandelectronicpropertiesofthesematerials.Whilesignificantprogresshasbeenmadeinunderstandingtheunderlyingmechanismsthatgoverntheoptoelectronicpropertiesofperovskitenanocrystals,thereisstillmuchthatisnotfullyunderstood.Forexample,itisnotclearhowthesizeandshapeofthenanocrystalsimpacttheiropticalandelectronicproperties,andwhatstrategiescanbeemployedtomodifytheseproperties.Similarly,theeffectofsurfacemodificationandpassivationontheoptoelectronicpropertiesofthesematerialsremainsanactiveareaofresearch.

Lastly,thedevelopmentofall-inorganicperovskitenanocrystal-baseddevicesalsopresentsseveralchallenges.WhilepromisingresultshavebeenreportedforphotovoltaicandLEDdevicesbasedonthesematerials,theirperformanceandstabilitystillneedtobeimproved.Forexample,theefficiencyofall-inorganicperovskitesolarcellsisstilllowerthantheirorganiccounterparts,andtheirstabilityoverextendedperiodsoftimestillneedstobethoroughlyinvestigated.Similarly,theefficiencyandstabilityofall-inorganicperovskiteLEDsstillneedtobeimprovedtoachievepracticalapplications.

Inconclusion,all-inorganicperovskitenanocrystalsofferapromisingplatformforthedevelopmentofnext-generationoptoelectronicdevices.Theiruniqueproperties,suchashighphotoluminescencequantumyieldsandtunablebandgap,makethemattractiveforvariousapplications,rangingfromsolarcellstoLEDstosensors.However,therearestillseveralchallengesthatmustbeaddressedbeforethesematerialscanbewidelyusedinpracticalapplications.Furtherresearchisneededtooptimizethesynthesisandprocessingofthesematerials,understandtheiroptoelectronicproperties,anddesigndevicesthatcanharnesstheirpotentialOneofthemainchallengesindevelopingperovskite-baseddevicesistheirstability.Thesematerialsarehighlysensitivetomoistureandoxygen,whichcandegradetheirperformanceovertime.Toaddressthisissue,researchersareworkingondevelopingencapsulationstrategies,suchasusingbarrierlayersorprotectivecoatings,topreventexposuretotheenvironment.Additionally,studieshaveshownthatdopingperovskiteswithvariousmetalsorincorporatingadditivescanimprovetheirstabilityandenhancetheirelectronicproperties.

Anotherareaofresearchisunderstandingthefundamentalmechanismsthatgoverntheoptoelectronicpropertiesofperovskites.Forinstance,thehighphotoluminescencequantumyieldsobservedinthesematerialsarethoughttobecausedbytheexistenceofso-calleddefectstates,whichcantrapandreleaseelectronsorholes,leadingtoefficientlightemission.Researchersareusingarangeoftechniques,suchasphotoluminescencespectroscopyandtransientabsorptionspectroscopy,tostudytheroleofdefectsinperovskitesandgaininsightintotheirelectronicstructure.

Inadditiontothesechallenges,thereisalsoaneedtoimprovetheperformanceofperovskite-baseddevicescomparedtotheirconventionalcounterparts.Forinstance,whileperovskitesolarcellshavedemonstratedimpressivepowerconversionefficienciesexceeding25%,therearestillquestionsabouttheirlong-termstabilityandscalability.Similarly,whileperovskiteLEDshaveshownpromiseaslow-costalternativestoorganicLEDs,thereisaneedtoimprovetheirefficiencyandstabilitytomakethemcompetitiveinthemarket.

Overall,thefieldofperovskiteoptoelectronicsisrapidlyevolving,withnewbreakthroughsbeingreportedfrequently.W