高中英语必考点解题指导4介词历年考题(含解析)

高中英语必考点解题指导4介词优选历年考题(含答案分析)本类考题解答锦囊1．英语中的介词多为固定搭配，需熟记。特别是要熟记形容词短语和介词短语中的介词。2．差别常用的介词。①表示时间的介词。in表示一段时间，on表示详尽时间。②表示方向的名词。in表示在范围以内，to表示在范围以外，on表示毗邻，接壤。besides与except的差别。besides表示“除以外还有”，except表示“只有除外”。④above，over与on的差别。above：“在之上”，“高于”(表示相对高度，不必定在正上方)，它的反义词是below；over：“在之上”(表示垂直之上)，它的反义词是under；on：“在之上”(表示与某物接触)3．有介词的改错题常常以多用介词或少用介词的形式出现。4．介词后跟动词，动词加-ing．Ⅰ高考最新热点题1.(典型例题)I'msurethey'lllaughtomeandseemeasafool．命题目的与解题技巧：此题观察介词的基本知识。在做此类题时，应将句子结构分析清楚，熟练坚固掌握某些固定搭配，不要由于记忆不牢模糊而失分，做到步步为营。【答案】to→at．laughatsb，固定词组，讥笑某人。2.Iparticularlyenjoyeddrivingthroughthecountrysidewithyouandsawthechangingcolorsoftheleavesonthetrees.答案：saw→seeing．seeing作enjoyed的宾语。3.ThemainproblemIwasinthatIalwaysthoughtinChineseandtriedtotranslateeverythingintoEnglish.答案：去掉that前的in.was后接表语从句，不用介词。Ⅱ题点经典种类题1.(典型例题附中模拟)Expentsarecallingatschoolsandparentstocutdownthemountofhomework.【答案】at→oncallon呼吁固定搭配。2.(典型例题考)Nooneknowsitbesidestwoofmyfriends.答案：besides→except／bulbesides表示“除了还有”，expect／but表示“除了没有”此处表示只有我的好朋友知道此事。-1-Ⅲ新高考命题研究1.Youarewantedbythephone.答案：by改为on．bewantedOnthephone有某人的电话。2.Whatisthetimeinyourwatch?答案：in改为by．byone'swatch固定的介词短语，“照你的表”。3.Yourwatchissimilarwithmine.答案：with改为to．besimilarto与相似。4.Anhourconsistsbysixty,minutes.答案：by改为of.consistof由构成。5.Theoldmanissittingnexthisson.答案：next后加to．nextto在旁边，凑近。6.Shehadtodosuchthingsatherwill.答案：at改为against．againstone'swill违反某人的意愿。7.WhenaretheyleavingtoLondon?答案：to改为for．1eavefor．．．，“出发去”。8.Iwasverysurprisedbyseeingherhere.答案：by改为at.besurprisedat对感觉吃惊。9.Myfatherwillbebackafterthreehours.答案：after改为in.“in+一段时间”与未来时态连用。10.whatdoesheusuallyhaveatbreakfast?答案：at改为for．have．．．forbreakfast"以作早饭”。11.Asarule,theworkersarepaidforthehour.答案：for改为by．bythehour按小时。12.Thechildrenweretoldtokeepofthegrass.答案：of改为off．off意为“走开”。13.Youranswerofthequestionisnotsatisfying.答案：Of改为to.ananswerto．．．“的答案”。14.I'veneverheardhim.HowcanIknowhim?答案：heard后加“。hearO{听闻。15ThehurricanehappenedinSundaymorning.答案：in改为OIL详尽某一天上午、下午、夜晚前用介词On．-2-16.Hedecidedtolookthroughthematterhimself.答案：through改为into．lookinto检查。17.Helooksatsuchthingsdifferentlylikeallofus.答案：like改为from．differentlyfrom．．．“与不一样”。18.Dr.Smithisamantowhomwehavethegrgatestrespeck答案：to改为for．haverespectforsb．对某人表示敬爱。19.Thanksforyourhelp,wehadnotroublefindingherlostchild答案：for改为to．thanksto归功于。20.Everythingthereisquiteallright,exceptthatthefooddoesn'tagreetome.答案：to改为with．agreewithsb.合适于某人。研究性命题综合测试考场热身Passage1Mrs.Smithwasunabletofallsleepingatnightand1.________答案：sleeping→asleep指导：fallasleep睡着，睡熟。固定习语。wasverytiredduringthedaytodoanything,eventhe2.________答案：very→too指导：构成too．．．to．．．结构。simplethingsthatsheusedtoenjoydoing.Shehad3.________答案：√headachesmoreoften,itproventedherfromreading4.________答案：it→which指导：which指引非限制性定语从句，代指那个事实。orwatchedTV.Themoreshethoughtaboutherconditions,5.________答案：watched→watching指导：watching与reading并列作from的宾语。themoreworseshefelt.Atlastshewenttoseeherdoctor,6.________答案：去掉more指导：．．theworseshefelt.她感觉越坏。“more+形容词或副词原级”构成比较级形式，在比较级(worse是bad的比较级)前不可以用more来修饰。whomshehadknownforyears.Thedoctorlistenedtohis-3-7.________答案：his→her指导：herheart＝Mrs．Smith'sheart．heartandsaid,"Thereisnothingseriouswrongwith8.________答案：serious→seriously指导：seriously修饰wrong。you,andIacceptthefactyoudon'tfellwell.NowI'll9.________答案：and→but指导：句意：你固然没有什么严重的问题，可是我认可你感觉不好的事实。9.'giveyousomepills(药丸)thathelp.Cometomorrow10.________答案：＾help→will指导：句意：我给你开一了些能治你头疼的药。help这里的意思是“对治头疼有帮助”。morningandtellmehowyoufell."Passage2Awarm-heartnurseonherfirstday'sworkcameto1.________答案：warm-heart→warm-hearted指导：注意构词法，又如：cold-hearted心肠冷的，不热情的；warm-blooded(动物)温血的。apatient.Sheaskedhimshecoulddoanythingfor2.________答案：him＾→if／whether指导：ask后接的宾语从句一般由疑问连接词来指引。him,andheonlywavedhishandsandsaidsomething3.________答案：and→but指导：由上下文逻辑可判断。shecouldhardlyunderstand.Sheaskedhimagain4.________答案：√andhejustkeptsayingthedifferentwords,but5.________答案：different→same指导；句意：他向来重复着同一句话。inalowervoicebeforeclosinghiseye.She6.________答案：eye→eyes指导：eye明显应该用复数。felthispulseandfoundhimdeath.Sherushedto7.________答案：death→dead指导：dead作宾语补足语，应该是形容词形式-4-repeattothedoctorsoundsshehadheard."My8.________答案：＾sounds，the指导：thesounds指她听到的那位患者死前重复说的那句活。注意本句的话序，the．sounds作repeat的宾语，应置此后，但因此后接必定语从句，因此放在了tothedoctor以后。句意：她(护士)赶忙忙忙地跑去向医生重复了一下她听到的那些声音。deargirl,"saidthedoctorafterlistencarefullyto9.________1isten→listening指导：after此处是介词。注意after既可作连词，又可作介词。作连词时是这样的：saidthedoctorafterhelistenedcarefully．．．whatsherepeated,"hewassayingyou'vestandingon10.________答案：you've→you’re指导：You'restandingOnmyoxygenpipe．你正站在我的氧气管子上。myoxygenpipe.”Passage3Iworkedlikeapostmanforashorttime,butI1.________答案：ke→as指导；workasapostman当邮递员。amafraidofthedogsandIhadalotoftrouble.2.________答案：the指导：dogs这里表示“类指”而非“专指”。“我怕狗”而不是“我怕那(这些狗)”。Oneday,Imanagedtosendapostcardtoabighouse.3.________答案：naged→tried指导：由下文可知“送明信片”这件事还没有做到，因此不行用managed。managetodosth．表示“想方想法做成了某事”。NosoonerhadIgotmybicyclethanalargedogran4.________答案：t＾→off指导：gotoffmybicycle从自行车上下来。又如：gotoffthebus从公交车上下来。towardsthegate,barkingloudlyatme.Itseemed5.________答案：tobiteme.IfIhadmovedaninchtowards,thedog6.________答案：wards→forward指导．．moveaninchforward往前挪一(英寸)。wouldhavejumpedatme.AttheendIhadno7.________答案：In指导：intheend最后；attheend(ok．．)在结束的时候。oicebutdropthepostcardonthegroundinthegarden.8.________答案：t＾→to指导：这里but前没有出现实义动词，因此此后应该接todo形式。-5-Theterrible-lookingdogpickeditimmediatelyand9.________答案：it＾→up指导：picdeditup把明信片衔起来。carrieditinthehouse.Thedogwasagoodpostman.10.________答案：in--into指导：carrieditintothehouse把明信片叼进房子里。Passage4MissJoneswasateacher,herhomewasnot1.________答案：her→whose指导：whose指引非限制性定语从句。注意：在her前加and的改法是不正确的，由于后边是由and指引的并列分句。farfromherschool,butshealwayswalkedthere2.________答案：but→and指导：由上下文的逻辑关系可推测出。inthemorning.Allthepupilsintheschoolwasveryyoung.3.________答案：was→were指导：句子的主语是pupils(复数)。Inaverycoldandwindymorning,MissJoneswalked4.________答案：In→On指导：平时说inthemorning／aftemoon／evening；可是当它们与其余形容词或某些词组连用时需用on。nacoolroominginspring春季的一个凉快的清晨；Ontheprevious／fellowingevening在头天(第二天)夜晚；OnthemoningOfthe4thOfSeptember在9月4日的上午。toschool,andthecoldwindwentintohereyes,5.________答案：＾school→the指导：theschool指的是MissJones工作的那所学校。andbigtearsbeganrollingoutofthem.Shearrived6.________答案：arrived→reached或arrived→at指导：注意arrive是不及物动词，reach是及物动词。theschool,openedthedoorandgointotheclassroom.7.________答案：go→went指导：明显应该是一般过去时。ItwasniceandwarmhereandMissJoneswas8.________答案：√happy.Butthenthesmallboylookedatherforafew9.________答案：the→a指导：这个小男孩是上文中未说起的。-6-seconds,puthisarmonherandsaidkindly,10.________答案：on→around指导：puthisarnlaroundher双臂抱住她。"Don'tcry,Miss.Schoolisn'tverybad."Passage5Oneday,Iwascookinginthekitchenasthe1.________答案：as→when指导：when此处是并列连词，“正当这时”，此时与as是不行互换的。telephonerings.Iwenttoansweritimmediately.2.________答案：rings→rang指导：由上下文的动词动向很简单作出判断。句意：一天，我正在厨房里做饭，忽然电话铃响了。answer讧去接电话。Shewasmyclosefriend,Lisa.Whenweweretalking3.________答案：She→It指导：it用来确立身份。onaphone,thefirealarmsounded.Iranbacktothe4.________答案：a→the指导：onthephone通电话，固定习语。kitchen.Theroomfullofsmokeandbeefwasbadly5.________答案：＾full→was指导：befullOf充满。burnt.Iquicklyturnedoffthegas,openingallthe6.________答案：opening→opened指导：turnedoffthegas，opened．．．，andthenwent．．．是三个并列的谓语动词。windows,andthenwentoutofthehouse.Inmy7.________答案：In→To指导：tosb'ssurprise让某人吃惊的是。习语。surprise,twofireengineswereoutsidemyhouse.I8.________答案：√wasratherworried.Itoldaboutthefirementhatit9.________答案：去掉about指导：tellsb．that从句，告诉某人。wasmycarelesscookingwhichcausedtheheavysmoke.10.________X答案：which→that指导：重申句型中不用which．句意：我告诉消防员，是我做饭时的粗心以致浓烟滔滔。Passage6Weweredrivingalonganarrowroadwhilethecarstopped1.答案：while→when指导：与passage5中的第1题状况相同。-7-working.Wetriedtofixitandtherewasnothingwe2.________答案：2．and→but指导：句意：我们努力想把它修睦，可是我们什么也干不行。coulddo.PaddyandIwantedgooffforhelp,3.__________答案：wanted＾go→to指导：wanttodosth．想要做某事。butMikeinsistedinstayingneartheear.Hesaidit4.________答案：irt→on指导：insistondoingsth．坚持要示做某事。习语。wasbesttostayuntilhelparrivedratherthangointo5.________答案：√theforestandgettinglost.However,PaddyandIdidnot6.________答案：getting→get指导：getlost与gOintotheforest是并列关系。agreeandPaddypointedtoapathwhichhethoughtitwould7.________答案：去掉it指导：which指引定语从句，代指thepath，在从句中作wouldprobablyleadtoavillage的主语，因此it是剩余的。probablyleadtoavillage.Wefollowedapathbut8.__________答案：第二a→the指导：thepath指的就是上文提到的可能通向某农村的那条道。soonwelost.Wewalkedon.Afteranhourorso,9.________答案：we＾lost→were／got指导：迷路说法有；get／belost；loseone'sway。webegantofeelfrightening.10.__________答案：frightening→frightened指导：feelfrightened感觉惧怕。frightening令人／令人惧怕。Passage7Japanisabeautifulcountry,coveringwithmany1.________Covering→covered指导：coveredwitk．．．短语相当于一个非限制性定语从句：，whichiscoveredwithtinyriversandhighmountains.Japanisalsoapleased2.________答案：pleased→pleasant指导：apleasantcountry一个(天气)宜人的国家。-8-country.Itisknownforthelandofthecherryblossom3.________答案：for→as指导：beknownas．．．作为而有名；beknownfor．．．因此有名，beknowntosb．被某(些)人所熟知。句意：日本是有名的樱花之国。beeauseofinthespringofyearthecherrytrees4.________答案：去掉of指导：becaux。f是介词短语，此后不可以接句子。aresobeautiful.Thejapaneselikegardensverymuch.5.________答案：√Wherearenonaturalgardens,theJapanese6.________答案：Where后加there指导：where指引地点状语从句，从句是一个therebe结构的句子。句意：在没有天然花园的地方，日自己民建设了自己的花园。havemadetheirown.Becausetheislandsishilly,7.________答案：is→are指导：主语和谓语应该保持数的一致。thereisagreatlackofthesoil,soeveylittlebit8.________答案：去掉the指导：soil这里表示泛指，故不行有定冠词。isused.Nomatterhowtinymaybe,everyhomehas9.________答案：may前加it指导:nomattterhow指引的从句中明显缺乏主语，it指Japan．itsownlittlegarden.Japaniscountryworthvisiting.10.________答案：is＾→a指导：日本是一个值得一去的国家。Passage8LastSundayIwentouttothelunchwithmyfriend1.________答案：去掉the指导：每天三餐前一般不加冠词。当其前有形容词修饰时，可用a，如：alightbreakfast量少的早饭；Inevereatabigdinner.我向来饭量不大。George,whowasveryfatindeed.Helikessweet2.________答案：was→is指导：由下文可知，这里是在介绍George的一个客观状况。food,aswellasthoserichfoods.NotonlyGeorge3.________答案：＾George→does指导；notonly指引的分句一定用部分倒装的语序。enjoyeatingbutheisagoodeaterwell.Whenever4.________-9-答案：＾well→as指导：aswell也。固定习语。heeatsout,healwayseatsalotoffoodandspends5.________答案：√toolongtimeatarestaurant.Whenwesatatatable6.________答案：＾tiille→a指导：toolongatime太长的一段时间，这里time指详尽的一段时间。inarestaurant,thewaiterbroughtatrayfilledof7._______答案：of→with指导：tidiedwithvariousfoods装满各样各样的食品。相当于一个定语从句：whichwasfilledwith．．．variousfoods.Aftereatingabigmeal,Itoldhimthat8.________答案：a→the指导；thebigmeal指“那一盘子各样各样的食品”。wemustleavebecausewehavebeenthere9.________答案：have→had指导：依据上下文的时态可作出判断，此处应该使用过去完成时。for3hours.Butheinsistedstaythere."we10.________答案：＾stay→we指导：insist后不行接动词原形作宾语。这里完好的表达是：Butheinsistedthatweshouldstaythere．同义表达为：ButheinsistedOnourstayingthere．can'tleavenow,forit'salreadytimefortea!"Passage9Myhusband96-year-oldgrandmothercametolive1.________答案：husband→husband's指导：“我丈夫的96岁高龄的祖母”，明显应该使用全部格形式。withusformanyyearsofindependence.Wedid2.________答案：for→after指导：aftermanyyearsOfindependence多年的独居以后。allthethingwecouldtomakeherfeelcomfortable3.________答案：thing→things指导：allthethings全部的事情。inourhome,includinggivinghertheprivatelinefor4.________答案：the→a指导：aprivateline一块安静的场所。herbedroom.Oneeveningwearehavingaparty5.________答案：are→were指导：由上下文的时态可以作出判断。whenthephonerang.Itwasatelephoneoperator,6.________-10-答案：√thatasked,"Doyouhaveagrandmotherupstairs?"7.________答案：that→who指导：that不可以指引非限制性定语从句。"Yes,"myhusbandreply."Well,"the8.________答案：reply→replied指导：明显的时态错误。operatoragaincontinued,"Shecan'tremember'9.________答案：去掉again指导：continue连续。再加上again明显不妥。yourphonenumber,andshelikeacupoftea."Passage10Asisknownbyall,theIntemetis1.________答案：by→to指导：beknowntosb．被某人知道，固定搭配。playingamoreandmoreimportantparton-our2.________答案：on→in指导：playapartinsth．在中间起作用，固定搭配。dailylife.Onit,wecanonlyreadnews3.__________答案：only前加not指导：notonly．．．butalso固定搭配。athomeandabroadbutalsogetasmuch4.________答案：√informationaspossible.Weareoftensende-mailsor5.________答案：去掉are指导：are明显是剩余的。maketelephonecalltoourfamiliesaswellasourfriends.6.________答案：call→calls指导：call是可数名词，这里应该是复数形式。However,wecangotoschoolonthenet,readdifferentkinds7.________答案：However→Besides指导：依据上下文的逻辑关系可推测出，这里传达的信息是：别的，我们还可以在电脑上上网校，阅读各样各样的书本，自学英语等。ofbooksandeventeachmyselfEnglish.Wecanalsoenjoy8.________答案：myself→ourselves指导：与句子的主语we响应。music,watchingsportsandplaycomputergamesonthe-11-9.________答案：watching→watch指导：watch与enjoy，play是并列谓语。net.Wecandoshopevenwithoutleavingourhomes.10.________答案：shop→shopping指导：doshopping购物，习语。Passage11MycousinXiaoHongandIwentontriptomyuncle's1.________答案：onA→a；指导：go。natript。．．．到某地旅行。固定搭配。lastSunday.Wewereridingalongahillsidethensuddenly2.________答案：then→when指导：when此处是并列连词，相当于说“正当这时”。somebigstoneswererolleddownandknockedusoffourbikes.3.________答案：去掉were指导：此处描述“一些大石头从山上滚落下来”，并未重申“被某人转动下来”，因此不能用作被动语态。XiaoHong'slegsgotserioushurtandsodidmine.We4.________答案：serious→seriously指导：seriously修饰hurt，作状语，应该用副词形式。couldn'tmoveabit.Fortunately,Isawsomefarmersahead.5.________答案：√Wavingourhand,wecriedforhelplikecrazy.Onhearing6.________答案：hand→hands指导：明显应该用复数。us,theyruntothespotasfastastheycould.Thanksto7.________答案：run→ran指导：依据上下文的时间可以判断，这里使用一般此刻时是毫无依据的。theirhelp,wewereallsenttoanearbyhospitalandreceived8.________答案：all→both指导：both指“和“XiaoHong"两个人。-12-medicaltreatmentintime.AlthoughWedonotknowabouttheir9.________答案：去掉about指导：knowabout．．．认识关于的状况，此处使用它明显不妥。names,wefeeltheylikeourdearbigbrothersandsisrers.10.________答案：they＾→are指导：like作“忧如”解时，是介词，而介词短语不行单独作谓语。句意：我们感觉他们就像我们亲爱的大哥哥、大姐姐相同。Passage12LadiesandGentlemen,mayIpayyourattention,please?Nowwearelooking1.________答案：pay→have指导：MayIhaveyourattention，please?是唤起他人注意常常用的表达，意思是让他人注意自己。而payattentionto表示“对注意”，在这个语境中吻合逻辑的说法是：Willyoupayyourattentiontome，please?可是，这个既吻合逻辑又语法正确的说法在实质使用中却极少听到。forapassenger,MrBrown,heisfromAmerica.And2.________答案：he→who指导：who指引非限制性定语从句，代指MrBrown．heisnowleavingBeijingtoAmericabyFlight2748.3.________答案：to→for指导：leaveaplaceforsomewhereelse走开某地去往某地。固定搭配。3,ButwetoldthatMrBrownlefthispassport4.________答案：weA→were指导：句意：可是我们被见告应该使用被动语态。别的，tell作“告诉”解时，一般要接双宾语，即tellsb.sth.aswellashiswalletintheFriendshipHotelwherehehadstayedat.5.________答案：去掉at指导：关系副词where指引定语从句，在从句中的功能相当于：attheFriendshipHotel．显然原句中的at是剩余的。Themanagerofthehotelhasjustcalledtellus6.________答案：＾tell→to指导totellusaboutit动词不定式作目的状语。句意：那家旅店的经理打电话告诉了我们这件事。aboutit.Themanagerhadsenthissecretarytobring7.________答案：had→has指导：依据上下文的时间关系可作出判断这里应该使用此刻完成时。thepassportandthewalletthereandshewillarrive8.________答案：there→here指导：句意：经理现已派他的秘书去把护照和钱夹取过来，她立刻就会到。soon.WillMrBrowngotothegateofourairport9.________-13-答案：√andwaitforyourpassportandwallet?Itwillarriveinabouttenminutes.10.________答案：It→They指导：they代指thepassport和thewallet．Passage13IoftenreadEnglishaloudandtryingtolearnsomething1.________答案：trying→try或去掉and指导：若将trying改成try，try与read并列作谓语；若去掉and，trying作解说性状语。importantinheart.IthelpsmerememberwhatIhavelearned2.________答案：irr→by指导：learnsth．byheart记住某事。固定搭配。andformgoodhabitofthinkinginEnglish.Ilisten3.________答案：form后加the／a指导：formthe／ahabitofdoingsth.养成做某事的习惯。alotandcommunicatewiththeothersinEnglish.4.________答案：去掉the指导：句意：我常常听而且用英语与他人交流。可见，这里“他人”其实不是特指“某个群体”。Inthisway,Iimprovedbothmylisteningabilityandmy5.________答案：加have指导：依据上下文的时间关系可以判断：这里使用一般过去时明显不妥，加上have后构成了完成时。speakingEnglish.IkeepadiaryinEnglishevery6.________答案：eaking→spoken指导：spokenEnglish英语口语，又如：writtenEnglish书面英语。比较：anEnglish-speakingcountry一个讲英语的国家。dayandmywrittenEnglishisbecomingbetterand7.________答案：√better.Ialsotrymybestmasterthenecessarygranunar8.________-14-答案：best后加to指导：tryone'sbesttodosth.倾尽全力做某事。习惯表达。knowledge.Bythismeans,Icanexpressme9.________答案：me→myself指导：I与me同指一个人，因此一定使用反身代词形式。correetly.That'swhyIhavebeenlearningEnglish.10.________答案：why→how指导：句意：这就是我怎么学英语的。Passage14Marywasanuniversitystudent.Shedidn'thaveverymuch1.________答案：an→a指导：university是以元音字母u开首的，但它的读音倒是半元音[ju:]，而不是元音。比较：ausefulbook；anuglyface．moneyandherparentswerenotrich,butshehadanuncle2.________答案：√whohadbeenfortunateenoughtocollectgreatwealthy.3.________答案：wealthy→wealth指导：wealthy是形容词形式，wealth名词，作collect的宾语。HealwaysgavehervaluableChristmasandbirthdaypresent.4.________答案：present→presents指导：present礼物，可数名词。Whenheruncle'sbirthdaycameround,Marywanttobuyhim5.________答案：want→wanted指导：明显应该使用一般过去时。something