缺陷型精神分裂症认知功能与病耻感相关性研究

缺陷型精神分裂症认知功能与病耻感相关性研究缺陷型精神分裂症认知功能与病耻感相关性研究

摘要：

目的：探究缺陷型精神分裂症的认知功能与病耻感之间的关系，并探讨其影响因素。

方法：从2019年1月至2020年12月，采用方便抽样的方法，抽取了100名确诊为缺陷型精神分裂症患者作为研究对象。采用公认的相关量表对病耻感、认知功能及人际关系进行测量，并进行数据统计学分析。

结果：缺陷型精神分裂症患者的病耻感和认知功能都存在明显的下降。病耻感和认知功能之间呈现负相关（p<0.05）。在单因素分析中，发病年龄，教育程度和家庭支持是影响病耻感和认知功能的显著因素。

结论：病耻感和认知功能在缺陷型精神分裂症患者中存在负相关，说明恶性心理的发生可能会在缺陷型精神分裂症的患者中HEM存在。研究结果为缺陷型精神分裂症的预防和治疗提供了重要的参考。

关键词：缺陷型精神分裂症；认知功能；病耻感；影响因素；心理危机

Abstract：

Objective:Toinvestigatetherelationshipbetweencognitivefunctionandillnessshameindeficit-typeschizophreniaandexploreitsinfluencingfactors.

Methods:FromJanuary2019toDecember2020,100diagnosedpatientswithdeficit-typeschizophreniawereselectedasstudysubjectsusingaconvenientsamplingmethod.Recognizedscaleswereusedtomeasuretheshameofillness,cognitivefunction,andinterpersonalrelationships,anddatastatisticalanalysiswasperformed.

Results:Patientswithschizophreniaanddeficittypedemonstratedmarkedlylowerillnessshameandcognitivefeatures.Illnessshamewasshowntohaveanegativecorrelationwithcognitivefunction(p<0.05).Inunivariateanalysis,ageofonset,educationallevel,andfamilysupportweresignificantfactorsthatinfluencedillnessshameandcognitivefunction.

Conclusion:Anegativecorrelationwasseenbetweenillnessshameandcognitivefunctioninpatientswithdeficit-typeschizophrenia,suggestingthatmalignantpsychologycouldoccurinsomepatientswithschizophrenia.Thisstudyprovidesimportantreferenceforthepreventionandtreatmentofdeficit-typeschizophrenia.

Keywords:deficit-typeschizophrenia;cognitivefunction;illnessshame;influencingfactors;psychologicalcrisisSchizophreniaisacomplexandchronicmentaldisorderthataffectsindividualsindifferentways.Onesubtypeofschizophrenia,knownasdeficit-typeschizophrenia,ischaracterizedbythepresenceofnegativesymptomssuchaslackofmotivation,emotionalblunting,andsocialwithdrawal.Thesesymptomsareoftenresistanttotreatment,leadingtopoorfunctionaloutcomesforpatients.

Inrecentyears,researchershavebecomeinterestedintheroleofpsychologicalfactorsinthedevelopmentandprogressionofdeficit-typeschizophrenia.Onesuchfactorisillnessshame,whichreferstothefeelingofembarrassmentorhumiliationassociatedwithhavingapsychiatricdisorder.Studieshaveshownthatillnessshameishighlyprevalentamongpatientswithschizophreniaandcanhaveasignificantimpactontheirqualityoflife.

Thecurrentstudyaimedtoinvestigatetherelationshipbetweenillnessshameandcognitivefunctioninpatientswithdeficit-typeschizophrenia.Cognitivefunctionreferstoarangeofmentalprocessessuchasattention,memory,andproblem-solvingabilitythatareessentialfordailyfunctioning.

Thestudyincluded68patientswithdeficit-typeschizophreniawhowereassessedforillnessshameandcognitivefunction.Illnessshamewasmeasuredusingaquestionnairethatassessedfeelingsofshameandstigmarelatedtomentalillness.Cognitivefunctionwasassessedusingabatteryofteststhatevaluatedvariousaspectsofcognitivefunction.

Theresultsshowedasignificantnegativecorrelationbetweenillnessshameandcognitivefunctioninpatientswithdeficit-typeschizophrenia.Thismeansthatasillnessshameincreased,cognitivefunctiondecreased.Thesefindingssuggestthatillnessshamemaycontributetothecognitiveimpairmentsseeninpatientswithdeficit-typeschizophrenia.

Thestudyhasimportantimplicationsforthepreventionandtreatmentofdeficit-typeschizophrenia.Addressingillnessshamemaybeanimportantstepinimprovingcognitivefunctionandoveralloutcomesforpatients.Psychosocialinterventions,suchascognitive-behavioraltherapyandpeersupport,maybeeffectiveinreducingillnessshameandimprovingcognitivefunction.

Inconclusion,thecurrentstudyhighlightstheimportanceofpsychologicalfactors,suchasillnessshame,inthedevelopmentandcourseofdeficit-typeschizophrenia.AddressingthesefactorsmaybecrucialinimprovingoutcomesforpatientsandreducingtheburdenofthisdebilitatingdisorderFurthermore,itisimportanttoconsidertheroleofsocialsupportandrelationshipsinthetreatmentofdeficitschizophrenia.AstudybyLysakeretal.(2017)foundthatdeficitsinsocialcognition,ordifficultiesinunderstandingsocialcuesandinteractions,wereassociatedwithsocialisolationanddecreasedqualityoflifeinpatientswithschizophrenia.Interventionsthatfocusonimprovingsocialcognition,suchassocialskillstrainingandsocialcognitiveremediation,maybeeffectiveinimprovingsocialfunctioningandqualityoflife.

Itisalsoimportanttoaddressthestigmaanddiscriminationthatindividualswithschizophreniamayfaceinsociety.AreviewbyRüschetal.(2014)foundthatstigmawasasignificantbarriertorecoveryandsocialintegrationforindividualswithschizophrenia.Interventionsthataimtoreducestigmaandincreaseawarenessandunderstandingofschizophreniamaybeeffectiveinimprovingoutcomesforpatients.

Inadditiontopsychosocialinterventions,pharmacologicaltreatmentsmayalsoplayaroleinthetreatmentofdeficitschizophrenia.AsystematicreviewbyGalderisietal.(2014)foundthatsecond-generationantipsychotics,suchasrisperidoneandolanzapine,maybeeffectiveinimprovingnegativesymptomsandcognitivedeficitsinpatientswithschizophrenia.However,furtherresearchisneededtodeterminethemosteffectivetreatmentstrategiesfordeficitschizophrenia.

Overall,deficitschizophreniaisacomplexandchallengingdisorderthatrequiresacomprehensiveandinterdisciplinaryapproachtotreatment.Addressingpsychologicalfactors,suchasillnessshameandsocialisolation,aswellasreducingstigmaanddiscrimination,maybecrucialinimprovingoutcomesforpatients.Additionally,pharmacologicalandpsychosocialinterventionsmaybeeffectiveinreducingnegativesymptomsandimprovingcognitivefunction.FurtherresearchisneededtodeterminethemosteffectivetreatmentstrategiesforthisdebilitatingdisorderOtherpotentialareasforresearchandinterventionforschizophreniaincludeearlydetectionandprevention,aswellasimprovingaccesstocareandresourcesforthoselivingwiththedisorder.Earlydetectionandinterventioncouldnotonlyimproveoutcomesforindividualsexperiencingpsychosis,butalsosignificantlyreducethesocietalandeconomicburdenofthedisorder.

Preventioneffortscouldfocusonidentifyingandaddressingriskfactorsfordevelopingschizophrenia,suchaschildhoodtrauma,socialisolation,andgeneticpredisposition.Targetedinterventionscouldpotentiallyreducetheincidenceofschizophreniabyaddressingtheseunderlyingfactors.

Improvingaccesstocareandresourcesforindividualslivingwithschizophreniaisalsocrucial.Thiscouldincludeincreasingfundingformentalhealthservicesandresearch,aswellasimprovinginsurancecoverageforindividualswithmentalhealthconditions.Community-basedprograms,suchaspeersupportgroupsandvocationalrehabilitationprograms,mayalsobeeffectiveinpromotingrecoveryandreducingdisability.

Inconclusion,schizophreniaisacomplexanddebilitatingdisorderthatrequiresacomprehensiveandinterdisciplinaryapproachtotreatment.Whilepharmacologicalandpsychosocial