2023年英语中考专项复习课件 介词

Preposition介词Lookatthispicture,whatcanyousee?Therearesomeapplesonthetree.Thereisabirdinthetree.Therearesomestrawberriesandflowersunderthetree.一、定义介词是一种用来表示:词与词,词与句之间的关系的词，

在句中不能单独作句子成分。二、分类

时间介词

方位介词

方式介词

其他介词（方法、原因、目的）介词Preposition的讲解介词1时间介词in年、月、季节及时间段（早、午、晚）on具体某一天，星期、节日at表示具体的时间点、①

inthemorning/afternoon/evening

②

onMonday

inJanuary/February

onJanuaryfifth

inSpring

on

ChristmasDay

in

2008

onNewYear'sDay

in2days/weeks/years

onSundaymorning

③

at4:30

at

noon

at

Christmas1)in,on,atLet'stry!

1.

My

grandfather

was

born____Oct.

10,

1935.

A.

on

B.

in

C.

at

D.

of

2.

The

train

is

starting___five

minutes.

A.

in

B.

at

C.

for

D.still

3.

Mike

does

his

exercises

____

seven

_____

the

evening.

A.

on;

to

B.

at;

in

C.

by;

of

D.

at;

on

4.

Children

get

gifts

___

Christmas

and

__

their

birthdays.

A.

on;

on

B.

at;

on

C.

in;

in

D.

in;

on

5.There

is

nothing

____tomorrow

afternoon,

is

there?

-----No.

We

can

have

a

game

of

table

tennis.

A.

on

B.

in

C.

out

D.

up2).during/in1.两者均可表示一段时间，有时可互换：如：I’llbeonholidayin[during]January.Hewokeupthreetimesin[during]thenight.2.during更强调时间的延续，in只是指一般性的某一时间。

IwenttoseemygrandparentsduringmystayinGuilin.from从某一时间点开始fromnowon

from…

to…since自…以后，自…以来后接过去的时间点或一段时间+ago

since5yearsagofor表示动作的延续，后加一段时间foralongtime1.Hecamehere__1992,andhehaslivedhere___1992.A.in,forB.in,sinceC.since,since2.IhaveknownLiLei__overfiveyears.A.inB.sinceC.for3)from,since,forin用于将来时,后接时间段,用Howsoon提问。

after用于将来时,后接时间点。

after用于过去时,

后接时间段。

Hewillbebackintwoweeks.

Shewillbuythecar

after

shegetthemoney.Hereturnedafteramonth.4).in,afterby“到……为止”

。by+将来时间，用于将来时；

by+过去时间，用于过去完成时。

before“在……之前”。You'dbettercomebackby9'oclock.Hehadfinishedhomeworkbyteno'clockthismorning.IwillfinishhomeworkbeforeMonday.5.by,beforeExercise1.We'llleaveforShanghaitomorrow.We'llbeback____twoweeks.A.afterB.atC.in

D.on

2._____Sundaymorning,Iusuallyeatbreakfast____seveno'clock.A.On;atB.On;inC.In;atD.In;on

Exercise3.Herbirthdayis__winter,themostbeautifulseasoninayear.

A.inB.atC.onD.for4.-WhenisJay'sconcert(音乐会)?

-It's__threeo'clock__theafternoonofJuly18th.

A.at,inB.at,on

C.on,in

D.in,on

5.Theyarrived__Shanghai____acoldmoning.A.in,inB.in,onC.at,onD.at,in

6.Heoftengoestobedearly___schooldays.

A.inB.onC.atD.with7.Mr.BlackcametoChina____June15th.ButMrs.Blackcamehere_____July.

A.on;onB.in;inC.on;inD.in,on8.TheDragonBoatFestivalis______thefifthdayofMayonthelunarcalendar.A.inB.onC.atD.by

9.___Sundaymorning,hecleanedhisroom.____theaftenoon,hedidhishomework___night,hewatchedOlympicGames.A.On;On;OnB.On;In;InC.On;In;AtD.In;In;At10.Mr.Brownarrivedattheairport___5o'clock____theeveningofSaturdayA.in,onB.on;inC.at;onD.at,in2地点介词①at一般指小地方(建筑物、街道、车站、机场)

athome

atschoolatthestation

Thatmanisstandingatthebusstop.

②in一般指大地方或某个范围之内(国家、城市、乡镇)；

inthefactory,inacar,inthebox

inthecenterof/inthemiddleof...③on往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。

Thereisabookandalamponthedesk.

onthebus/thetrain/thesubway

on+门牌，某层楼1.

in,on,at

in：表示“在某一范围之内，在……中”；on：表示两个不同的个体相邻或接壤，即“毗邻；接壤”；：to;则表示两个个体之间有一段距离。如：Japanlies/istotheeastofChina.Changchunlies/isinnorthofChinaRussialies/isonthenorthofChina.注：be

/lie+in/on/to★表示地理位置的几种介词用法Changchun2.in/on/toover/on和above都可表示“在…上面”,但具体含义不同。Over

在某物的正上方,不接触，其反义词是under;Above高于某物,但不一定在正上方,不接触，其反义词是below;On指两个物体表面接触,一个在另一个的上面。如：Thereisabridgeovertheriver.

Weflewabovetheclouds.

Theyputsomeflowersontheteacher‘sdesk.

3.over/above/on★常见的方位介词acrossthrough

across是指从表面穿过

through则是指从物体内部穿过①Weshouldgoacrosstheroadcarefully.②Threemenwentthroughtheforestyesterday.穿过4.across/through1.Thereisabridge______theriver.2.Thereisapen______thebook.3.Ittooktheman2monthstowalk______thedesert.4.Thethirdflooris______thesixthfloor.5.Thesixthflooris______thethirdfloor.riverbridge让我们思考一下throughoverbelowaboveunderbetween...and

infrontofnextto/besidebehindopposite5常见的方位介词inthefrontofAB1.Milliesits____________me.2.Amysits_________Millie______Simon.3.Kittysits_____________Sandy.4.Kittysits__________Simon.5.Thewindowis________thedoor.6.Thechalkis___theteacher’sdesk.infrontofbetweenandnextto/besidebehindoppositeonDanielsays

over表示从物体上方经过、越过

。past表示从旁边经过。Wemustgooverthemountain.Ioftenwalkpasttheshopafterschool.6.over/pastbetween指两者之间。among指三者或三者以上的人或事物之间。7.between/among3方式介词1)in

用材料、语言、方式inthiswayinChinesebemadein

metal2)

with

一般后跟具体的工具

withchopstickswithoureyeswiththemoney3)by

用方式、方法、手段

bysendinge-mailsBy+交通方式：

bycar/bus/plane/trian交通工具前有冠词、物主代词等修饰，介词用“on/in”

inmycaronmybikeonthebus

4)On

以...方式(主要是通讯)

onthephone/radio4其他介词1)

like

意为像...一样2)

as

作为3)

for

表示动作或活动的目的、目标或意图4)of

表示所属关系，意为...的，属于...的5)

with

表示伴随，意为和...一起Hetalkstomelikeateacher.

Lilywentout

forawalkjustnow.Heisfamous

as

asinger.Thisisamap

of

China.

Ioftenplaywithmybrother介词+名词atbirthatfirstatlastatoncebytrainbymistakeinadvanceinawordinfactinpersoninpubliconfootonpurposeonsaleontimeonbusiness介词短语与固定搭配

动词+介词hearfromlearnfromprotect…fromseparate…frombreakdownfalldowmturndowmbelongtoleadtoagreewithcompetewithconnectwith形容词+介词begood/poorat,beusedto,bepleasedwith,beusedto,besurprisedat,,bebadfor,beinterestedin,beproudofbebusywith,befondof,bereadyfor,befullof,bedifferentfromberesponsiblefor,beproudof,beangrywithbefamousfor,beafraidof,