传热学专业英语词汇

传热学专业英语词汇Chapter1ThermodynamicsandHeatTransfer主要内容Concepts:heat(thermalenergy)、heattransfer、thermodynamics、totalamountofheattransfer、heattransferrate、heatflux、conduction、convection、radiationEquations:Thefirstlawofthermodynamics(conservationofenergyprinciple)Heatbalanceequation:a)closedsystem;b)opensystem(steady-flow)Fourier’slawofheatconductionNewton'slawofcoolingStefan-Boltzmannlaw主要专业词汇heattransfer传热、热传递、传热学 thermodynamics热力学caloric热素specificheat比热massflowrate质量流率latentheat潜热sensibleheat显热heatflux热流密度heattransferrate热流量totalamountofheattransfer总热量conduction导热convection对流 radiation辐射thermalconductivity热导率thermaldiffusivity热扩散率convection/combinedheattransfercoefficient对流/综合换热系数emissivity发射率 absorptivity吸收率simultaneousheattransfer复合换热HeatConductionEquation主要内容Concepts:temperaturefieldstemperaturegradient、heatgenerationxinitialcondition、boundaryconditionxsteady\transientheattransferxuniform\nonuniformtemperaturedistributionEquations:Fourier’slawofheatconduction(§2-1)Heatconductionequation(inrectangular\cylindrical\spherical coordinates)(§2-2、§2-3)Boundaryconditions: (§2-4)SpecifiedtemperatureB.C.SpecifiedheatfluxB.C.[specialcase(dt/dx=0):insulation、thermalsymmetry];ConvectionB.C.RadiationB.C.InterfaceB.C.Averagethermalconductivitykave(§2-7)Solutionofone-dimensional,steadyheatconductioninplanewalls、cylindersandspheres(k=const)：noheatgeneration,specifiedB.C.: T(x)orT(r)(§2-5)Q(x)orQ(r),Q=constwithheatgeneration,SpecifiedB.C.orConvectionB.C.:(§2-6)△Tmax=To-Ts=gs2/2nk； 口凶=9即 Ts=T.+gs/nhcharacteristiclengthS,shapefactorn：planewalls—s=L(halfthickness),n=1cylinders s=ro,n=2

spheressspheress=ro^n=3Methods:SolveaheattransferproblemMathematicalformulation(differentialequation&B.C.)GeneralsolutionofequationApplicationofB.C.sUniquesolutionoftheproblem主要专业词汇temperaturefield\distribution温度场、分布 temperaturegradient温度梯度heatgeneration热生成(热源)initial'boundarycondition初始、边界条件transientheattransfer瞬态(非稳态)传热 isothermalsurface等温面Heatconductiondifferentialequation导热微分方程trialanderrormethod试算法 iterate迭代convergence收敛SteadyHeatConduction主要内容Concepts:multilayer\compositewalloverallheattransfercoefficientUthermalresistanceRtthermalcontactresistanceRccriticalradiusofinsulationRCrfinefficiency fineffectivenessEquations:/Multiplayerplanewall\cylindersandspheres:/ Fin:finequation refertotheattachmentUniformcross-section:refertotheattachment.Varyingcross-section:refertotheattachment.主要专业词汇thermalresistance热阻 parallel并联 inseries串联thermalcontactresistance接触热阻 compositewall复合壁面thermalgrease热月旨cross-section横截面temperatureexecess过余温度hyperbolic双曲线的 exponent指数fin肋(翅)片 finbase肋基 fintip肋端finefficiency肋效率fineffectiveness肋片有效度TransientHeatConduction主要内容Concepts:lumpedsystemanalysischaracteristiclength(£c=V/A)FouriernumberBiotnumber(Bi=hLc/k)Fouriernumber(t=at/L)Equations:BW0, lumpedsystemanalysis(§4-1)Bi>0,Heisler/GroberchartsORanalyticalexpressions1-D：a)infinitelargeplanewalls,longcylindersandspheres(§4-2)b)semi-infinitesolids(§4-3)multidimensional:productsolution(§4-4)主要专业词汇lumpedsystemanalysis集总参数法

characteristiclength特征长度(尺寸)

dimension量纲nondimensionalize无量

纲化dimensionlessquantity无量纲量semi-infinitesolid半无限大固体

complementaryerrorfunction误差余函数

series级数productionsolution乘积解

Chapter5NumericalMethodsinHeatConduction主要内容Concepts:controlvolume(energybalance)method、finite

differencemethod、discretization>node、spacestep、timestep、meshBiotnumber、meshFouriernumber、

mirrorimageconcept、

explicit/implicitmethod、stabilitycriterion

(primarycoefficients>0)Numericalerror:1)discretization/truncation

error;2)round-offerrorMethods:Numericalsolution:Discretizationinspaceandtime(Ax,At);Buildallnodes,finitedifferenceformulations(includinginteriorandboundarynodes);FinitedifferencemethodEnergybalancemethod(i.e.ControlVolumemethod)3)Solutionofnodaldifferenceeqs.ofheatconduction;i.Directmethod:GaussianEliminationii.Iterativemethod:Gauss-Seideliteration主要专业词汇controlvolume控制容积 finitedifference有限差分Taylorseriesexpression泰勒级数展开式

mirrorimageconcept镜像法

Eliminationmethod消元法

direct/iterativemethod直接/迭代方法

explicit/implicitmethod显式/隐式格式

stabilitycriterion稳定性条件

primarycoefficients主系数unconditionally无条件地

algebraiceq.代数方程

discretization/truncationerror离散/截断误差

round-offerror舍入误差Chapter6、7ForcedConvectionandNatural

Convection主要内容Concepts:Nu、Re、Gr、PrForce/naturalconvection、external/internal

flow、velocity/thermalboundarylayerflowregimes>laminar/turbulentflowhydrodynamic/thermalentryregion、fully

developedregionCriticalReynoldsNumber(ReJ、hydraulic

diameter(Dh)、filmtemperature(Tf)、bulkmeanfluidtemperature(Tb)logarithmicmeantemperaturedifference(ATln)volumeexpansioncoefficient(B=1/T)effectivethermalconductivity(Keff=KNu)Equations:Dragforce： FD=CfApV2/2Heattransferrate： Q=hA(Ts-Ts)TypicalConvectionPhenomena:Forcedconvection:externalflow flowoverflatplates(§6-4) flowacrosscylindersandspheres(§6-5)internalflow——flowintubes(§6-6)Naturalconvection：flowoversurfaces(§7-2)flowinsideenclosures(§7-3)主要专业词汇Force/naturalconvection自然/强制对流

laminar/turbulentflow层/湍流boundarylayer边界层laminarsublayer层

流底层bufferlayer缓冲层transitionregion过渡区flowregimes流态inertia/viscousforce惯性/粘性力shearstress

剪切应力friction/dragcoefficient摩擦/阻力系数

frictionfactor摩擦因子dynamic/kinematicviscous动力/运动粘度wake尾流stagnationpoint滞止点

flowseparation流体分离vortex漩涡rotationalmotion环流

velocityfluctuation速度脉动hydrodynamic水动力学的hydraulicdiameter

水力直径fullydevelopedregion充分发展段volume

flowrate体积流量

arithmetic/logarithmicmeantemperature

difference算术/对数平均温差volumeexpansioncoefficient体积膨胀系数interferometer干涉仪 asymptotic渐近线的effectivethermalconductivity有效热导率analogicalmethod类比法integralapproach

积分近似法orderofmagnitudeanalysis数量级分析法

similarityprinciple相似原理Chapter9RadiationHeatTransfer主要内容Concepts:blackbody、graybody、diffusesurface、emissivepower(E)emissivity(£)、absorptivity(a)、reflectivity(p)、transmissivity(t)irradiation(G)、radiosity(J)、reradiating(adiabatic)surfaceviewfactor(Fij)、radiationnetwork、spaceresistance、surfaceresistanceradiationshieldgasradiation、transparentmediumtoradiation、absorbingandtransmittingmediumLaws:Blackbody：(1)Plank'slawStefan-Boltzmann'slawWien'sdisplacementlawGraybody： (4)Kirchhoff'slawActualbody：E(T)=£Eb(T)=£。丁4 W/m2

Gas：Gas：(5)Beer'slawCalculation:Viewfactor：reciprocity/summation/superposition/symmetryRulecrossed-stringsmethodRadiationheattransfer：RadiationnetworkOpensystem：betweentwosurface(e.g.twolargeparallelplates)Enclosure： 2-surfaceenclosure；3-surfaceenclosureRadiationshield主要专业词汇thermalradiation热辐射、quantumtheory量子理论、indexofrefraction折射系数electromagneticwave/spectrum电磁波/波谱、ultraviolet(UV)rays紫外线、infrared(IR)rays红外线absorptivity吸收率、reflectivity反射率、transmissivity透射率、emissivity(e)发射率(黑度)、specular/diffusereflection镜反射/漫反射irradiation(incidentradiation)投入辐射、radiosity有效辐射spectral/directional/totalemissivepower单色/定向/总辐射力fractionofradiationenergy辐射能量份额(辐射比)、blackbodyadiationfunctior黑体辐射函数viewfactor辐射角系数、crossed-stringsmethod交叉线法、reciprocity/summation/superposition/symmetryRule相互/完整/和分/对称性netradiationheattransfer净辐射热流量radiationnetwork辐射网络图、space/surfaceradiationresistance空间/表面辐射热阻、 一reradiatingsurface重辐射面、adiabatic绝热的radiationshield遮热板transparentmediumtoradiation辐射透热体、absorbingandtransmittingmedium吸收-透过性介质Chapter10HeatExchangers主要内容Concepts:heatexchangertype——double-pipe、compact、shell-and-tube、plate-and-frame、regenerativeheatexchangerparallel/counter/cross/multipassflowoverallheattransfercoefficient(U) foulingfactor(Rf)heatcapacityratec