Happy暑假 我的作业君（2017版）-高一英语 专题01 被动语态 Word版含解析

专题01被动语态【理论回顾】一、主动语态和被动语态1.英语共有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。二者都是用来说明与之间的逻辑关系。2.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态说明主语是动作的。二、被动语态形式时态主动语态结构被动语态结构一般现在时do/doesam/is/are+done一般过去时didwas/were+done现在进行时am/is/are+doingam/is/are+过去进行时was/were+doingwas/were+一般将来时shall/will+be/doshall/will++done过去将来时would+be/dowould++done现在完成时have/has+donehave/has++done过去完成时had+donehad++done三、主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换Wevisitedthatfactorylastsummer.主动语态主语谓语宾语状语Thatfactorywasvisitedbyuslastsummer.被动语态主语谓语宾语状语四、被动语态条件1.语义的需要：当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态。如：Thefrontwindowintheclassroomwasbrokenyesterday.(不知谁打破的)Theyhavebeenpoorlypaid.他们的工资太低。(没必要指出工资是谁付的)2.强调的需要：突出或强调动作的承受者。如：Thesebooksarewrittenespeciallyforchildren.(强调的是“这些书”)3.交际的需要：为了使语言得体或圆滑等不愿意说出动作的执行者。如：Youarerequestedtomakeaspeechatnextmeeting.请您在下次会议上作个发言。Itissaidthatsheisgoingtobemarriedtoaforeigner.据说她要嫁给一个外国人。五、主动语态变被动语态的注意事项主动句中的主语为people,we，you,they等含糊表示“人们”、“大家”的单词，变主动句时，通常删除by，但原主语被强调者除外。含有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语。但多以间接宾语作主语。【想一想】英语中在哪些情况下会用主动形式表被动含义？【练一练】判断主动句与被动句1.

Sheisoftenheardtosingthispopularsong.2.Hehasfinishedthework.

3.Heoftentellsusinterestingstories.

4.ManyEnglishwordshavebeenlearnedbyher.将以下主动句变为被动句Peopleplayfootballinmanycountries.

___________________________________________________

2.Theybuiltthisbridgelastyear.

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3.Shehasinvitedyoutoalunchparty.___________________________________________________

4.Youmustnottakethesemagazinesoutofthereading-room.

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5.Theygavehimamedalforhiswonderfulwork.

___________________________________________________三、选择题(

)1._____anewlibrary_____inourschoollastyear?A.Is;built

B.Was;built

C.Does;build

D.Did;build(

)2.Anaccident____onthisroadlastweek.A.hasbeenhappened

B.washappened

C.ishappened

D.happened(

)3.Cotton____inthesoutheastofChina.A.isgrown

B.aregrown

C.grows

D.grow(

)4.Sofar,themoon____bymanalready.isvisited

B.willbevisited

C.hasbeenvisited

D.wasvisited

(

)5.AtalkonChinesehistory_____intheschoolhallnextweek.

A.isgiven

B.hasbeengiven

C.willbegiven

D.gives

(

)6.Howmanytrees____thisyear?

A.areplanted

B.willplant

C.havebeenplanted

D.Planted

(

)7.Alotofthings____bypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.

A.aredoing

B.arebeingdone

C.hasbeendone

D.willbedone

(

)8.--When___thiskindofcomputers______?--Lastyear.A.did;use

B.was;used

C.is;used

D.are;used(

)9.TheGreatWall____allovertheworld.

A.knows

B.knew

C.isknown

D.wasknown

(

)10.Who_____thisbook_____?

A.did;written

B.was;writtenby

C.did;written

D.was;written用正确的时态和语态填空1.Itisknowntoallthatthemoon

（turn）roundtheearth.2.MissLioften

（use）arecorderinherEnglishclass.Butshe

（notuse）ittomorrow.3.Vegetables,eggsandfruits

（sell）inthisshop.4.Thepictures（take）byJacktomorrow.5.Thesong

（like）byusalltwentyyearsago.6.Nearlyeverybodyhere

（know）whentheoldmuseum

（build）.7.Thebuildingcan

（see）fromeverypartofthecity;It

（build）manyyearsago.8.YesterdayTom

（tell）methathisbike

（break）lastweek.9.Thestudents

often

（tell）totakecareoftheirdesksandchairs.10.Nowhe

（be）askedifthemeeting

（hold）nextFriday.【乐一乐】被动语态顺口溜一般现、过用be

done，be有人称、时、数变完成时态have

done，被动将been加中间一般将来shal