2019-2020年中考英语专项练习：模块十二感叹句

2019-2020年中考英语专项练习：模块十二感叹句一、什么叫感叹句感叹句是表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子。感叹句句末通常用感叹号，读时一般用降调。二、感叹句的基本句型【句型一】What+（a/an）+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！Whatacleverboyheis!（他是个）多么聪明的男孩啊！Whataninterestingstoryitis!（这是个）多么有趣的故事啊！Whatfineweatheritis!多好的天气啊！Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!（它们是）多么漂亮的花啊！【说明】在感叹句中，Whata/an常用来修饰单数可数名词，若其前面的形容词为元音开头，则用an。what是用来修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词。但有些不可数名词，如rain,surprise,breakfast,lunch等，当前面有形容词修饰，使抽象名词具体化时，则要用whata/an，如：Whataheavyrainitis!多大的一场雨啊！Whatagreatsurpriseitis!这多么令人惊奇啊！Whatarichbreakfastitis!多么丰盛的一顿早餐啊！【句型二】How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语了Howwellyoulook!你气色真好！Howkindyouare!你心肠真好！Howbeautifullyyousing!你唱得真好听!Strawberries!Hownice!草莓！多好呀！Howclevertheboyis!这个男孩多么聪明啊！Howfastheruns!他跑得多么快啊！【说明】how还可以修饰动词构成感叹句，但动词不提前。如：HowIwanttobeadoctor!我多么想成为一名医生啊！Howshedances!她跳得多好啊！感叹句型总结How+形容词+a+名词+其他成分！How+形容词或副词+其他成分！What+名词+其他成分！What+a+形容词+名词+其他成分！What+形容词+复数名词+其他成分！What+形容词+不可数名词+其他成分！请看以下例子：①It,saninterestingfilm.这是一部有趣的电影。一Whataninterestingfilmitis!这是一部多有趣的电影啊！②It,swonderfulweather.天气很好。一Whatwonderfulweather!天气真好！③Hedidtheworkcarefully.他做这工作很仔细。一Howcarefullyhedidthework!他做这工作多仔细啊！④Timepassedquickly.时间过得很快。—Howquicklytimepassed!时间过得真快【难点】what类感叹句省略形容词.当其中的名词带有形容词的意味时【重点】Whatluck!真幸运！Whatfools!真是些笨蛋！Whatasurprise!真是意想不到！Whatfunwecouldhave!我们玩得多开心啊.当进行批评时Whatnonsense!一派胡言！Whatashame!多可耻（惜）！Whatamess!多么脏乱啊！.当表示强调或夸张时Oh,whatalie!啊，多大的谎言！Whatanight!多糟糕的一^个晚上！.当表示蔑视时Whatamanheis!那家伙算什么！注：有时在没有上下文，意思可能不确定。如：Whataday!看这天气!（是褒是贬，视具体情况而定）【难点】how在感叹句中修饰动词感叹句有时可用“how+主语+动词”构成，此是how直接用于修饰动词。如：HowImissedyou.我多么想念你啊。Howyou,vegrown!你都长这么大啦！Howyou,vechanged!你的变化真大！Howhewishedforadrink!他多希望能有点东西喝！Howthingsgetaround!Everyonemustknowyouareintown.消息传得多快!人们一定都知道你到城里来了（1）要修饰名词的形容词不能是表数量的many，much，little，few，遇此情况要用how，即使它们后面跟有名词：Howmanybookshehas！他的书真多！Howmuchmoneyhegaveher！他给了她好多钱呀！HowlittlemoneyIhave！我的钱多么少呀！Howfewfriendshehas！他的朋友真少！比较：Whatalittleboxitis！多小巧的盒子呀！（该little不表示数量）（2）有时句中的主语和谓语可以省略：Howfast！多快呀！Hownice!多好呀！Howbeautiful!多美呀！Howniceofyoutocome!你来了真好！四.其他形式的感叹句感叹句除用what和how引出外，还可有其他许多形式，如可用陈述句、疑问句、祈使句等，有时甚至一个单词或一个短语也可用作感叹句：Stoptalking！不要讲话了！Isn’titalovelyday！天气真好！Thegardenlookssolovelytoday！这花园今天真美！Fire！失火了！Verygood！很好！Therewasnofaceshowing!He,ssuchaniceboy!TheGreatWallisamagnificentbuilding!Isn,titsnowingheavily!Wonderful!Nonsense!HappyNewYeartoyou!Cheer!「注意」陈述句用作感叹句时，句中通常有so，such，really等加强语气的词语；疑问句用作感叹句，句子多为否定疑问句形式。五、感叹句巧解五法（1）一找■二断■三辨■四确定：构成感叹句的感叹词有两个：what和how，其基本结构是：）What+名词+陈述肯定式：）How+形容词（或副词）+陈述肯定式很多初学者常常对该用what还是该用how弄不清楚。如：①coldwaterthisis!A.How B.What②colditis!A.What B.How如果我们采取“一找二断■三辨四确定”的方法很快就能确定该选哪个感叹词。“一找”即先找出句中的主语。“二断”就是在句中的名词（形容词、副词等）与代词（或名词）之间断开。例如上面第一句应在water与this中断开（因this是指示代词），断开后辨别断线前面的词的词性，也就是所谓“三辨”，句①中断线前的词是water，而water是名词。第四步，就可迅速确定如果是名词就选what。所以第一例句就选B。用这个方法我们会对上面第二个例句作出如下判断：cold|itis!断开线其前cold是形容词，故应填How。上面两个例句是最基本最简单的填空题形式。但只要掌握这个方法，即使再复杂的填空题也会迎刃而解。不过还要注意，如果断开后，断线前的那个中心词是单数可数名词，千万别忘了在感叹词与名词间加冠词a（an）。例如：nicepresentitis!A.How B.WhatD.Whata用上述方法，从present与it之间断开，断线前present是名词，且为单数可数名词，nice又以辅音开头，故选Do(2)“断一找―去一添一改”五步法：若把一个陈述句变为感叹句，可以采取这“五步法”。如：Thepictureisverybeautiful.断：在陈述句中的谓语动词后将句子断开：Thepictureis|verybeautiful.找：划出断线后的中心词是何词类。去：中心词是形容词或副词时，要把修饰该形容词或副词的词去掉。(比如本句中心词beautiful是形容词，修饰该词的是very，变时应去掉very。但须注意，线后如果是名词，名词前的修饰语是万万不能去掉的。添：就是添上感叹词。如果线后的中心词是名词，就添What;是形容词或副词就添Howo改：将陈述句句前的大写改为小写，将变为感叹句的感叹词及其修饰的名词部分放在句首，感叹词首写字母改为大写。同时句尾的标点由陈述句的句号改为感叹句的感叹号。据此，上句就变成了：Howbeautifulthepictureis!再如：要把^6isagoodstudent.”变成感叹句，可如上法炮制：Heis|agoodstudent.中心词是名词student,agood为修饰student的修饰语，不能去掉，故变成感叹句应选感叹词what,变成：Whatagoodstudentheis!(3)一断・二加■三换位：例：1)Thisisabeautifulflower-2)Thisflowerisbeautiful.“一断”：在谓语动词后将此句划断。)Thisis|abeautifulflower.)Thisfloweris|beautiful.“二加”在第二部分前加引起感叹句的“What或How”；中心词为名词时加“What”；是形容词、副词加“How”。)Whatabeautifulflower…)Howbeautiful…“三换位”：将第一部分与第二部分对换位置。)Whatabeautifulflowerthisis!)Howbeautifulthisfloweris!(4)句型记忆法：因how和what的词性及其在句中的功能不同，由它们引起的感叹句句型可归纳为7种。如果记住这7种句套子，做任何感叹句题都易如反掌。例：从题前A、B、C、D所表示的词或短语中选择正确答案，完成下列各句：A=What B=Whata C=Whatan D=How①pleasantsurpriseyougaveme!②goodnewswehavegot!③goodaTVsetwe,yebought!④unpleasantexperienceyouhadlastyear!对了，答案依次为BADCO(5)歌诀记忆法：感叹句中what和how的选用，关键看形容词后面是否有名词。如果有，用what(a,an);如果没有，用how(至于副词，其前永远用how)。记住下面歌诀更方便。what，how如何选？先在后面把名词找，若有名词用what，若无名词必用how。what，how提句首，其它紧跟别忘了。主谓一起挪最后，常常可以被省掉。【基础练习】.将下列句子变成感叹句Itisquiteanicepresent.1nicepresent!Wehavefineweathertoday.1weatherwehavetoday!It,ssunnytoday.1sunnydayitistoday!Thechildrenareworkinghard.1 thechildrenareworking!Sheplayedbasketballwonderfully.1sheplayedbasketball!Heisgoodatsinging.thesings!Hewasdoingwellindancing.1adancerhewas!Tomcoughsbadly.tcoughTomhas!Thefishisverylovely.tthefishis!Theyliveahappylifetoday.tlifetheylive!.选择合适选项.anicewatchitis!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Howa.brightgirlstheyare!A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.howerestingthefilmis!A.WhatB.WhatanC.How4.HowaHowWhataD.What5.hardworkitis!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataWhatan4.HowaHowWhataD.What5.hardworkitis!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataWhatansunnyday!Let,sgooutforawalk.6.A.HowbadB.WhatabadC.HowfineD.Whatafine6.A.HowbadB.WhatabadC.HowfineD.Whatafinedayitis!It,srainyagain.7.HowaWhataC.HowD.What8.expensivetrousers!A.WhatWhataC.HowD.Whatangirlsheis!WhatbrightaHowabrightHowbrightaD.What7.HowaWhataC.HowD.What8.expensivetrousers!A.WhatWhataC.HowD.Whatangirlsheis!WhatbrightaHowabrightHowbrightaD.WhatgreatdayJuly1,1997willbe!bright10.weatherwehavetoday!AfineWhatafineHowafineD.What10.weatherwehavetoday!AfineWhatafineHowafineD.Whatfinecarelessheis!A.WhatB.HowC.SomuchD.HowmuchfromBeijingtoLondon!carelessheis!A.WhatB.HowC.SomuchD.HowmuchfromBeijingtoLondon!HowlongwayitisWhatalongwayisitHowlongwayitisWhatalongwayisitHowlongwayisitWhatalongwayitisHowlongwayisitWhatalongwayitis13.Oh,John,yougaveus!13.Oh,John,yougaveus!HowapleasantsurpriseHowpleasantsurpriseHowapleasantsurpriseHowpleasantsurpriseWhatapleasantsurpriseWhatpleasantsurpriseWhatapleasantsurpriseWhatpleasantsurprise14.A.WhatHowWhataWhatan14.A.WhatHowWhataWhatanusefulworktheyhavedone!15.15.nicepictureyougaveme!HowWhatWhataWhatanHowWhatWhataWhatan三、用What或How填空：abigtreeitis!bigthetreeis!beautifulpictures!beautifulthepicturesare!highthebuildingis!bigeyesshehas!lovelytheice-creamis!lovelyice-cream!答案:1.What2.How3.What4.How5.How6.What7.How8.What【中等题】一、选择:.anicewatchitis!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Howa.brightgirlstheyare!A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.howanterestingthefilmis!A.WhatB.WhatanC.HowD.Howan4.sunnyday!Let,sgooutforawalk.A.HowaB.HowC.WhataD.What.hardworkitis!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Whatan.dayitis!It,srainyagain.A.HowbadB.WhatabadC.HowfineD.Whatafine.greatdayJuly1,1997willbe!A.HowaB.WhataC.HowD.What.expensivetrousers!A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Whatan.Please,they,rehavingameeting.A.notbesonoisyB.BequiteC.mustn,ttalkD.nospeaking.tomeetmeatthestation.I'llbewaitingthere.A.NottoforgetB.NotforgetC.ForgetnotD.Don,tforget11.girlsheis!A.WhatbrightaB.HowabrightC.HowbrightaD.Whatbright12.weatherwehavetoday!A.AfineB.WhatafineC.HowafineD.Whatfine.carelessheis!A.WhatB.HowC.SomuchD.Howmuch.Oh,John,yougaveus!A.HowapleasantsurpriseB.HowpleasantsurpriseC.WhatapleasantsurpriseD.Whatpleasantsurprise.usefulworktheyhavedone!A.WhatB.HowC.WhataD.Whatan.nicepictureyougaveme!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Whatan二、填空!.hottheweatheris!.hardheworks!.niceteaitis!.bighorsesthey'are!.agoodboyheis!【提高题】一、选择最佳答案填空.carefullytheboydoeshishomework!A.How B.HowanC.What D.Whatan2.wellyousingbutbadlyhedances!A.How,how B.What,whatC.How,what D.What,how3.cheaptheseclothesare!I,dliketobuysomeformyson.A.How B.HowanC.What D.Whatan4.foolstheywere!Theybelievedwhatthegirlssaid.A.How B.HowanC.What D.Whatan5.difficultquestionstheyare!Ican,tanswerthem.A.How B.HowanC.What D.WhatanImissyouvery