20182019学年高中英语Module3ForeignFoodSectionⅠ

Module3ForeignFoodDoeshamburgercomefromChina?Theworld'sfirsthamburgerdoesn'tcomefromwhereyouthinkitcomesfrom.Itwasn'tinventedintheUnitedStates,anditdidn'toriginateinGermany.Yes,theworld'sfirsthamburgercomesfromChina.Ifyou'rescratchingyourheadrightnow,you'renotalone.ButChinesehamburgersareveryrealandtheydefinitelypredatethehamburgerswecallourownroujiamo,whichtranslatesto“meatburger”or“meatsandwich”，theyconsistofchoppedmeatinsideapita-likebun,andthey'vebeenaroundsincetheQinDynasty,fromabout211BCto207BC.DespitethedifferencesbetweenthisChinesestreetfoodandourAmerican-styleburgers,theroujiamohasbeencalledtheworld'sfirsthamburger.TheroujiamooriginatedintheShaanxiProvinceofChina,andisnoweatenalloverthecountry.It'stypicallypreparedandeatenonthestreet.Thedoughforthebun,ormo,consistsofasimplemixtureofwheatflour,waterandmaybeyeast.Ofcourserecipesmayvary,butthisbasicequationmakesforachewyandsubtlepillowforthedeliciousfilling.Whilethemoistraditionallybakedinaclayoven,todayit'softenfriedinapan.TheymaylookalittlelikeChinesesteamedbunsorbaos,butthedoughforthoseare,ofcourse,steamed,notbakedorfried.Themeatfillingmightconsistofchoppedpork,beef,lamborchickenthathasbeenstewedwithavarietyofspices(香料),likeginger(姜),cloves(丁香)andstaranise(八角).Youmightalsofindherbslikecilantro(香菜)orgreenslikelettucegarnishingthesandwich.,阅读阻碍词]originatevi.发源；发源predatevt.在日期上早于(先于)chopvt.剁碎；砍bunn．圆面包doughn．生面团yeastn．酵母equationn．等式；相等vt.炖chewyadj.耐嚼的stewgarnishvt.加饰菜于.Matchthewordwithitsmeaning.1．owe

A．一道菜2．taste

B．甜食3．obsess

C．污名昭著的，臭名远扬的4．banquet

D．咀嚼5．dish

E．贪心地6．greedily

F．方式；方法7．chopstick

G．要求8．dessert

H．宴会9．chewI．固定的10．infamousJ．使入迷11．appetisingK．没法辨识的12．mannerL．(常复)筷子13．requirementM．开胃的，增进食欲的14．fixedN．应赐予15．unrecognisableO．滋味答案：1～5NOJHA6～10ELBDC11～15MFGIKⅡ.Writedownthemeaningofphrasesineachsentence.1．Manyboysareobsessedwithfootball.对入迷2．Whatyouhaddonewentagainsthiswishes.违犯，违反3．Hehasgotusedtolivinginsuchdifficultconditions.习惯于4．Hehaspassedtheexam.Nowonderheissohappy.难怪5．TherearesomanypeopleattheschoolgatethatIcan'tmakeoutwhathappened.看出；理解6．Inordertoendupinsuccess,heworkedveryhard.结束7．Whatwehaveincommonisthehabitofearlyrising.与有共同点Ⅰ.Lookatthefollowingpicturesandtellwhattheyare.答案：①chopsticks②forkandknife③salad④cheesesandwiches⑤soupdumplings.Whatarethetwobiggestfastfoodrestaurantsintheworld?答案：KFCandMcDonald's.Fast-readingChoosethebestsummaryofeachpassage.1．Passage1：A．Thewriterdoesn'tlikeChinesefood.B．Thewriterhasn'tgotusedtomostChinesefoodyet.C．ThewriterlikesmostChinesefood.2．Passage2：答案：1～2CB.Careful-readingReadthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.1．ItseemsthatthewriterinPassage1felt________tofindsomanydisheswereservedatabanquet.A．disappointedB．interestedC．surprisedD．terrible2．WecaninferfromPassage1thatthewriter________.A．hasalowopinionofChinesefoodB．getsagoodimpressionofChinesefoodC．thinksChinesepeoplewastelotsoffoodD．thinksthepeopleatthetablehavesmallappetites3．FromPassage2,weknowthatChinesefood________.A．paysmuchattentiontoitsbeautyandstylebesidesthetasteB．includesvariouskindsofmashedfoodC．oftenhasanunrecognisableshapeD．ispreparedwithlittlecare4．WhatimpressesthewritermostaccordingtoPassage2?A．ThetasteofBritishfood.B．ThenamesofBritishfood.C．ThestylesofBritishfood.D．ThemannerinwhichtheBritisheat.答案：1～4CBAD.Study-readingAnalyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.1．Theirsalad,forexample,ismadefromvegetableswhichareonlywashedbeforeserving,whileChinesefoodispreparedmorecarefully.[句式剖析]本句由表示对照的while连结一个复合句和一个简单句；while合句中，forexample作插入语，which指引的定语从句修饰先行词vegetables翻译]比方说他们做色拉的蔬菜不过在吃前洗一洗，但是中国的食品准备得更精美。

前的复。[试试2．ItseemedtobejustabowlofgreyliquiditthatIknewitwasactuallycookedwithmushrooms.[句式剖析]

andit

wasonlyafter

Ihadtasted[试试翻译]看上去那不过一碗灰色的汤，直到我尝了一下才知道那其实是用蘑菇做的。[对应学生课下能力提高

(九)]阅读理解AWiththeappearanceoffastfoodchainsfromtheWestsuchasMcDonald's,KentuckyFriedChickenandPizzaHut,theChinesearebeingintroducedtoadietthatincreasesthedeathratefromcertaindiseasesinanypopulation.ThemainkillersinNorthAmerica,thediseasessuchasheartattackandstrokeaswellascoloncancer,willbecomeawayofdeathinthiscountryiftheChinesedonotactquicklyandcompetewiththesehealth-destroyingfoodchains.Scientificstudiesfromallovertheworldshowthatadiethighinanimalfoodssuchaspork,beef,includingsugar,whiteflour,whitenoodlesandevenwhiterice,underminesone'shealth.Depositsofanimalfatclingtothewallsofarteries(动脉),blockingthebloodsupplytovariousorgans.Thiscausesdiseasesinalmosteveryorgan,butinparticularitdamagestwoofthemostvitalones,theheartandbrain.ComparetheseproblemswiththeexcellenthealthonemayenjoyifoneconsumesgoodChinesefood.Thecookgoesouteveryday,procuresgreat-tasting,freshvegetables,thencooksthemforjustafewminutessothattheirnutritionalvalueispreservedandafterwardsservestheminamostartisticandelegantfashion.Pleaseclingtoyourtraditionalwaysofeating.TheyarefarsuperiortothoseoftheWest.HowtheChinesecouldpatronise(光临)thesefastfoodplaceswhenChinesecooksuchdelectable(美味的)food,notjustinthiscountrybutovertheentireworld,isbeyondmycomprehension.Westernrestaurantsarecleanandtastefullydecorated.Moreover,theserestaurantsalsodoindeedhave“goodserviceandaninvitingdiningatmosphere”.However,ChinesefoodchainscoulddolikewiseiftheywouldorganisethemselvesastheWesternchainsdo.TheselessonsinmanagementanddecorationaretheonlyonesworthlearningfromtheinvasionofthiscountrybytheWesternfastfoodchains.Inotherwords,onlyimitatethestyleoftherestaurants,notthecontentofthefoodorthemenusinanyway,shapeorform.DonotletthedesireformoneydestroythewonderfultraditionthatChinahasestablishedinproducingabsolutelyfantasticallytastyaswellashealthfulfood.语篇解读：西方快餐固然在好多方面有优势，可是从健康角度来说仍是中餐最好，要传承中国优秀的传统饮食文化。1．Adiethighinanimalfoodsisunhealthy,becauseespeciallyitwill

我们damage________.A．theheartandbrainC．allorgans

B．thewallsofarteriesD．thenerves分析：选A推理判断题。文章第二、三段叙述动物食品的弊端，这样的食品会致使各种疾病，特别是心脏和脑部疾病。应选A项。2．TheChinese'spreferringfastfoodtoChinesedelectablefoodmakesthewriterfeel________.A．pleasedC．calm

B．puzzledD．funny分析：选B推理判断题。依据第五段内容，特别是重点词“beyondmycomprehension”可推测出，作者对中国人喜爱西方快餐感觉不理解。puzzled意为“疑惑的，茫然的”。3．WhatweshouldlearnfromtheWesternfastfoodchainsis________.A．thecontentofthefoodB．theattractivemenusC．themanagementanddecorationD．theformofthefood分析：选C细节理解题。从文章倒数第二段第一句话可得出答案。4．Whatisthewriter'sopinioninthepassage?A．Chineseshouldn'tlearnfromWesternfastfood.B．ChineseshouldsaynotoWesternfastfood.C．WesternfastfoodisbetterthanChinesefood.D．Chinesefoodisbetterforourhealth.分析：选B要旨粗心题。从整篇文章来看，作者是告诉我们西方快餐固然在好多方面有优势，可是从健康角度来说仍是中餐最好。应选B。本题简单误选D项。认真读文章可知作者对西方快餐能否认的，是要我们不要吃西方快餐。BTurningthelightsoutorwearingablindfoldwhileeatingcouldbeaquickwaytoloseweight,accordingtoscientists.Thesimpletrickworksbecauseitstopsdinerseatingforpleasureratherthanforcalories.Italsotriggers(引起)apartofthebrainthatisworriedthatunseenfoodmaygobad.AnexperimentbytheUniversityofKonstanz,inGermany,foundthatpeoplewhowereblindfoldedconsumedninepercentfewercaloriesbeforetheyfeltfull,comparedtothosewhocouldsee.Theyalsovastlyoverestimatedhowmuchtheyhadeatenbecausetheycouldnotseehowmuchwasleftontheplate.Blindfoldedvolunteersestimatedtheyhadeaten88percentmorethantheyactuallyhad.Scientistsbelievethatnotseeingfoodonthetablealsoallowsthebodytoknowwhenitisfullinrealtimeratherthanrememberingpastexperienceswhereitmighthavetakenafullplatetofeelfull.Intheexperiment,50peoplewereblindfoldedand40wereallowedtoseetheirgiventhree95gbowlsofchocolateice-creamandinvitedtoeatfor15minutes.Theirbowlsweretakenawayandtheremainingice-creamweighed,whiletheparticipantswerequizzedonhowmuchtheythoughttheyhadeaten.Onaveragethegroupwhocouldseeate116gwhiletheblindfoldedgroupsate105g.However,theblindfoldedgroupbelievedtheyhadeaten197gwhilecomparedwith159gforthenon-blindvolunteers.Theywerealsoaskedhowpleasanttheice-creamtastedandtheblindfoldedgroupratedlowerthanthosewhocouldsee.“Theexperiencedpleasureofeatingwassignificantlylowerintheblindfoldedgroup.Notseeingthefoodmighthavedecreasedtheappetite.Sightplaysanimportantroleintheeatingexperienceandintheoveralldiningexperience.”Previousstudieshaveshownthatthevisualinfluenceoffoodplaysalargepartinthetaste.Whilerestaurantsthatallowdinerstoeatinthedarkstatethatittriggersothersenses,infacteatingindarknessislikelytotastefarmilderthanusual.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家经过研究发现人们在熄灯或许戴着眼罩时用餐能够减肥。5．Withthelightsout,dinerseatlesspartlybecause.A．theywanttoquicklyfinishtheirmealsB．theytrusttheirfeelingsmorethaneverC．theyfocusmoreonfunthanthecaloriesD．theyworryaboutthequalityofthefood分析：选D细节理解题。依据第一段最后一句可知，当关灯后，饮食者可能会担忧食品的质量。故答案选D。6．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethattheblindfoldedgroup________.A．spentamuchlongertimeeatingthesamefoodB．believedtheyatemorethantheyreallydidC．dependedonpastexperiencestofeelfullD．thoughtthefoodtastedbetterthanusual分析：选B细节理解题。依据第二段最后一句以及实验过程可知，戴眼罩的志愿者们相信他们比实质上吃得更多。故答案选B。7．Thelasttwoparagraphstellusthat________.A．dinersarelikelytolosetheirappetiteeatingindarknessB．sensesratherthansightplayanimportantroleinthetasteC．findingsofthisexperimentdifferfromthepreviousstudiesD．restaurantsbenefitalotfromallowingdinerstoeatinthedark分析：选A推理判断题。依据倒数第二段第二句并联合最后两段可知，最后两段主要讲的是在黑暗中吃东西，饮食者可能会降低食欲。故答案选A。8．Themainpurposeofthepassageisto________.A．providestatisticsrelatedtoeatinginthedarkB．offerreasonsforpeopletoeatinthedarkareasC．informthereadersoftheresultofanexperimentD．persuadethereaderstoloseweightinanewway分析：选C写作企图题。纵观全文可知，本文主假如经过表达实验过程来见告读者实验结果。A、B两项是文章详细讲到的内容；D项在文章中没有表现。故答案选C。CWhenAndrewwasborninJiangsu,China,hisfatheropenedPandaInn,asit-downrestaurantinPasadena,California,servingfamilyfoodsfastandhot.Andrew'sfatherhadtaughthimtotakeonanewchallengeonlyaftermasteringthepreviousone.IttooktenyearsbeforeAndrewfelthewasreadytodealwiththeall-Americanchallenge：thefast-foodindustry.ThefirstPandaExpressopenedinaSouthernCaliforniamallin1983.AsPandasbegantoincrease,Peggy,whohasaPhDinelectricalengineering,gaveuphercareertojointhecompanyfull-time,firstaspresident,thenasCEO.Today,PeggyandAndrewsharethetitleofchairman.The7HabitsofHighlyEffectivePeople,TheyarebigfansofStephenCovey'sabooktheyrequirealljobapplicantstoreadbeforetheirinterview.“Successisabyproductofourhabits，”saysAndrew.“We'reveryfocusedonlearninghowtodotherightthingswellandcompletelysothatwhatallofusdoactuallymakesanimpact.”Doingtherightthingincludespayingmorethantheminimumwageandpartofhealthcareforall17,300employees,includingpart-timers.Somewarnedthatthiswouldcausefinancialproblems.ButnotforthePandaExpress.“Ifyou'retoofocusedontheresultsandtrytodevelopshortcuts,you'regoingtohavetopayitbacklatersomehow，”Andrewsays.Theytakeseriouslytheconceptthattoleadistoserve.Itmeanshelpingemployeesimprovetheirlivelihoodand,intheprocess,learntoliveafullerlife.Intheend,Andrewsays,“Theyarebetterofffinancially,butthey'realsosmarterbecausethey'recuriousandlearning.Theytakecareofthemselvesphysically,mentally,emotionallyandspiritually.Whenallofusdothesethingswell,there'sabetterchancethatwewilltreatthecustomersbetter.”语篇解读：熊猫快餐自1983年在美国成立第一家店以来，发展快速，成为美国著名快餐店。那么熊猫快餐的经营理念是什么呢？文章为我们作了详尽介绍。9．ThewritermentionsPeggy,whohasaPhD,inordertoshowthatPandaExpress________.A．neededsupportfromAmericansB．wasincreasingveryrapidlyC．neededwiseleadersD．attractedalotoftalentedpeople分析：选D推理判断题。依据第三段中的“AsPandasbegantoincrease,Peggy,whohasaPhDinelectricalengineering,gaveuphercareertojointhecompanyfull-time...”可知，佩姬作为一名电子工程专业的博士，放弃了自己的事业，加入到这家企业，证明熊猫快餐对高素质人材来说特别有吸引力。应选D项。10．Wemayinferfromthepassagethat________.A．focusondoingtherightthingsandtheresultswilltakecareofthemselvesB．ChinesefoodisbecomingmoreandmorepopularinAmericaC．PandaExpresshasnevermetwithfinancialproblemsD．AndrewandPeggyaregoodexamplesofcompaniesintheU．S.分析：选A推理判断题。依据第四段中的“Ifyou'retoofocusedontheresultsandtrytodevelopshortcuts,you'regoingtohavetopayitbacklatersomehow”可推知，做事不可以太关注结果，假如坚持做正确的事情，结局自然会是理想的。应选A项。11．AndrewandPeggysharethesameideathat________.A．thehabitofreadingStephenCovey'sbookleadstosuccessB．theyfocusontheresultsanddevelopingshortcutsC．agoodleadermustbeagoodservantaswellD．theemployeesshouldhelptheircustomersimprovetheirlivelihood分析：选C推理判断题。依据最后一段的第一句“Theytakeseriouslytheconceptthattoleadistoserve.”及下文的内容可知，他们两个人的共同理念是领导者也是服务者。应选C项。12．Thepassageismainlyabout________.A．PandaExpress'ssuccessinfast-foodindustryB．theeffectthatStephen'sbookhasonPandaExpressC．thechallengeofthefast-foodindustryintheU．S.D．PandaExpress'sphilosophyofmanagement分析：选D要旨粗心题。纵观全文可知，本文主要叙述了熊猫快餐的经营理念。应选D项。[课文对译]Passage1Chinesepeoplethinkalotaboutfood.Infact,Ithinkthattheyaresometimesobsessedwithit.MyfirstexperienceofthisaspectofChineseculturecameatabanquetduringatriptoBeijingin1998.IhadeatenChinesefoodoften,butIcouldnothaveimaginedhowfabulousarealChinesebanquetcouldbe.Thefirstsixorsevendishesseemedtofillthetable,withplatesdangerouslybalancedoneontopofanother.Ithoughtthisvastwaveoffoodwasthetotalnumberofdishestobeserved,andIstartedeatinggreedily.Everyoneelsejusttastedabitofeachdishandthenputtheirchopsticksdown,continuingtochat.“Theycan'thaveverybigappetites，”Ithought.Tomysurprise,moredishesarrived,plussoups,sidedishes,anddesserts.Therewasenoughtofeedawholearmy.Nowondermyfellowguestshadhadonlyafewbitesofeachdish;theyknewwhatwasstilltocome.ButIwasalreadysofullthatIcouldonlywatchasthebanquetcontinued.Anotheraspectof“foodculture”isthattheChineseseemtoeatalmosteverypartofeveryanimal—muchtothehorrorofmanywesterners.Stomach,intestines,ears,tongue,tail,hoof,andlungsarealllikelytoenduponthedinnertableinfrontofyou.ThefirsttimeIsawathree-year-oldkidcheerfullychewingachicken'sheadIhadbaddreamsforweeks.ThesedaysIenjoythatsortoffoodmyself.OnarecenttriptotheUnitedStatesIsuddenlyfeltlikesomeChinesedelicacies,andaskedtheguyatthemeatcounterofasupermarket,“Doyouhavepigs'ears？”“No，”hesaid,pullingathisownear,“justtheseordinaryones.”HemusthavethoughtIwasjoking.However,thereareotherkindsoffoodsthathavetakenlongerformetoaccept.Theinfamouschoudoufuisanexample.(Thenamesaysitall:“stinkytofu”．)JustwhenIgotusedtoit,IfoundanothervarietyonatriptoHunan:deep-friedchoudoufu,ahorribleblacksubstancethatlookedandsmelledaboutasappetisingasaburnttennisshoe.MaybeI'llgetusedtothat,too—someday.文章1中国人对饮食的想法颇多。事实上，我感觉他们有时对此到了沉迷的程度。我第一次经历中国文化的这一方面是1998年在北京旅行时的一次宴会上。我从前也常常吃中餐，但从没有想到真实的中式宴席那么丰富。第一上来的六七个菜仿佛就已经占满了整个桌子，盘子都很危险地交互摞着。我想，这么多的食品就是全部要上的菜了，便开始大吃起来。可是其余的人不过对每个菜简单尝了几口，而后放下筷子持续讲话。我想：“他们可能胃口不好。”使我诧异的是，更多的菜又被端上来了，此外还有汤、小菜及甜点。这些菜够一个军队的人吃了。怪不得跟我一同的客人每道菜也就浅尝几口；他们知道还有菜要上呢。可是我已经吃得太饱了，关于下边的菜只有看着的份了。(中国)“饮食文化”的此外一方面是中国人仿佛会食用几乎全部动物的任一部位——这令好多西方人深感恐惧。胃、肠子、耳朵、舌头、尾巴、蹄子以及肺部都可能在你眼前的餐桌上被吃掉。我第一次看到一个3岁的儿童高兴地啃着一个鸡头时，我连续几周都做恶梦。此刻我自己也喜爱上了那些食品。在近来一次到美国去旅行的时候，我忽然想吃一些中国的美味，而后就问一家商场里卖肉的柜台前的一个小伙子：“有猪耳朵吗？”“没有，”他拽着自己的耳朵说道，“只有这些一般的耳朵。”他一定认为我在开玩笑。但是，也有一些食品让我花了很长时间才能接受。“污名昭著”的臭豆腐就是这样一个例子。(从名字上就能够看出来：“发臭的豆腐”。)就在我刚才适应了它的滋味时，我在到湖南的一次旅行中又发现了此外一种：油炸臭豆腐，令人恐惧的黑压压的一团，看起来、闻起来都像是一只烧焦了的网球鞋。也许有那么一天我也会习惯吃它的。Passage2ThefirsttimeIateBritishfoodIwasinthecanteenofaLondonpublisher.Somepeoplejustsatdownonthesofatoeat.IwasamazedattheireasyandgracefulmannerwhileIstoodtherefeelingsomewhatconfusedbythefood.Atthecountertherewerecolourfulmixturesineightorninebigboxes.Itwasquitehardtomakeoutwhattheycontained.Thewaiterputthesefoodsinsidebreadorpotatoesaccordingtopeople'srequirements.IstillrememberwhatIate:atunafishandcheesesandwich.Itdidn'tactuallytasteba