初升高英语衔接课78句子基本成分及句型

初升高英语衔接课78句子基本成分及句型第1页/共25页英语句子的种类简单句(simplesentence)并列句(compoundsentence)复合句(complexsentence)第2页/共25页简单句(simplesentence)只包含一个主谓结构Mary

openedthedoor.两个主语和一个谓语Steveandhisfriendarecomingtodinner.一个主语和两个谓语Maryopenedthedoorandgreetedtheguests.

第3页/共25页并列句(compoundsentence):

把两个或几个简单句用并列连词连接起来，则成为一个并列句。第4页/共25页

IturnedontheTV.Iwatchedit.

IturnedontheTVand

watchedit.

Iboughtmysisterapresent.Shedidn’tlikeit.

Iboughtmysisterapresent,but

shedidn’tlikeit.

并列句并列句第5页/共25页常用并列连词

coordinatingconjunctions平行并列连词:转折并列连词：因果并列连词:

选择并列连词:and,both…and,notonly…butalso,neither…norbut,however,while,yetfor,soor,either…or第6页/共25页请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并为一个并列句。1.Hewastired.Hewenttobed.2.Thechildhidbehindhismother'sskirt.Hewasafraidofthedog.Hewastired,sohewenttobed.Thechildhidbehindhismother'sskirt,forhewasafraidofthedog.第7页/共25页Hemadeapromise.Hedidn’tkeepit.Hemadeapromise,butHedidn’tkeepit.Maryisopeningthedoor.Johnisgreetingherguests.Maryisopeningthedoor,andJohnisgreetingherguests.第8页/共25页复合句:主句+从句主句是一个完整的句子(independentsentence),它可以独立存在。从句是一个不完整的句子,它必须和一个主句连用，不能独立存在.第9页/共25页Bythetimehearrived,

1wehadalreadyleft.

2请指出该复合句的主句和从句部分。从句主句第10页/共25页复合句类型：1.形容词性（定语）从句(TheAjectiveClause)2.副词性（状语）从句(TheAdverbialClause)3.名词性（主语、宾语、表语和同位语）从句(TheNounClause)。第11页/共25页中学生英文写作中经常使用的从句有：宾语从句状语从句定语从句第12页/共25页指出下列各从句的类型：Ihopethateverythingisallright.ShewasreadingthenewspaperwhenIcamein.Sheisthegirlwhosingsbestofall.宾语从句状语从句定语从句第13页/共25页Hehasfoundout.Shewaslate.(why)请用括号中所给的词把每组句子连接为一个复合句。Istillremembertheday.IfirstcametoBeijingonthatday.(when)IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.Hehasfoundoutwhyshewaslate.第14页/共25页I’llgivethelettertohimwhenIseehim.Hedidn’tcomeyesterdaybecausehewasill.Itissuchabigboxthatnobodycanmoveit.We’llgotothegreatwallifit’sfinetomorrow.Althoughtheplaceisquitepleasant,weshouldnotgothereallthetime.有下划线的词叫从属连词

(subordinatingconjunction)第15页/共25页请用所学知识改正下列病句

Myroommatewassleeping,wedidn’twanttowakeherup.Iwenttobed.BecauseIwastired.第16页/共25页Myroommatewassleeping.Wedidn’twanttowakeherup.Myroommatewassleeping,sowedidn’twanttowakeherup.IwenttobedbecauseIwastired.第17页/共25页英语长句的分析一、长句的特点：

(1)修饰语多；

(2)并列成分多；

(3)语言结构层次多。第18页/共25页eg.Thestudymadeclearthattheworkingclassthatissoover-representedincrimestatisticsconsistsoflower-classpeoplelivinginthelower-classareasoflargecities.

第19页/共25页二、理解长句时可采用以下步骤：

(1)找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语，(复合句则找出主句的主、谓、宾）从整体上把握句子的结构。

Thestudymadeclearthattheworkingclassthatissoover-representedincrimestatisticsconsistsoflower-classpeoplelivinginthelower-classareasoflargecities.

Thestudy

madeclearthattheworkingclassthatissoover-representedincrimestatisticsconsistsoflower-classpeoplelivinginthelower-classareasoflargecities.

主句：Thestudymadethat…clear.第20页/共25页(2)找出句中所有的非谓语动词、介词短语和从句的引导词。Thestudy

madeclear

thattheworkingclassthatissoover-representedincrimestatisticsconsistsoflower-classpeoplelivinginthelower-classareasoflargecities.

第21页/共25页(3)分析从句和短语的功能，例如，是否为主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句等；若是状语，它是表示时间、原因、结果、还是表示条件等等。Thestudy

made

clear

thattheworkingclassthatissoover-representedincrimestatisticsconsistsoflower-classpeoplelivinginthelower-classareasoflargecities.

第22页/共25页(4)分析词、短语和从句之间的相互关系，例如，

定语从句所修饰的先行词是哪一个等。

Thestudy

made

clear

thattheworkingclassthatissoover-representedincrimestatisticsconsistsoflower-classpeoplelivinginthelower-classareasoflargecities.

Theworkingclassconsistsoflower-classpeopleThework