2019年英语新外研选修七讲义Module2SectionⅡIntroductionReading-LanguagePoints

SectionⅡIntroduction&Reading—LanguagePoints一、这样记单词记得准·写得对记得快·记得多Ⅰ.基础词汇1.highlightn．最重要的部分；最精彩的部分2.foreveradv.永远3.rentv.(短期)租用Ⅱ.拓展词汇1.mediatorn．调解员；斡旋者→mediatev．调节；调停2.competitiveadj.好强的；好竞争的→competev．竞争；比赛→competitionn．竞争→competitorn．竞争者3.electv．选举；推选→electionn．选举4.settlev．解决→settlementn．协议；和解5.suitv．合适；适合→suitableadj.适合的，适宜的6.enormousadj.巨大的，庞大的→enormouslyadv.极其地；非常地1.rentv．(短期)租用[词块]①forrent招租②rentcharge租费③rent...from...向……租借……④rent...to...把……租给……⑤collecttherents收租[比较]①hire多用于对人的雇用②rent表示“租出去”和“租借”两种含义2.enormousadj.巨大的，庞大的[同义]①hugeadj.巨大的；庞大的；极大的②immenseadj.巨大的；广大的③massiveadj.巨大的；大量的；大规模的④vastadj.巨大的；广阔的[词块]anenormoushouse巨大的房子二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.compare...with...把……与……比较2．lookbackat回顾，回忆3．share...with...与……分享……4．workas充当；担任5．workon从事6．havefun玩得开心7．haveproblemswith在……方面有问题1.inafewdays'time几天之后2．yearsfromnow从现在往后几年3．goonatrip参加旅行4．becomeajournalist成为一名记者5．atthestartoftheschoolyear在这一学年开始的时候6．gotocollege上大学7．getgoodgradesonmyfinalexams期末考试我考了好成绩三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.Meanwhile,Ifindmyselflookingbackatmysenioryear...同时，我发觉自己在回顾自己高中最后一年的时光……“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构，现在分词短语在此处充当宾补。Isuddenlyfoundmyselfrunningdownthestreet.我不知不觉突然在街上跑了起来。2.It'swell­knownthatAmericansarecompetitive,andIdidenjoyitwheneverIwonourraces!众所周知，美国人争强好胜，每当我赢得了比赛，我都会为此欣喜万分！do/does/did用在动词之前，起强调作用，常译为“的确，真的”。Shedidtellmethatshewouldjoinusinthework.她真的告诉过我她要参加我们的工作。3.It'sagreatpitythatit'sprobablythelasttimethiswillhappen.真遗憾，这样美妙的夜晚很可能不会再有了。It'sagreatpitythat“很遗憾……”。it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语。It'sagreatpitythatLilycannotcometotheparty.真遗憾，莉莉不能来参加这个聚会了。1．(教材P16)Meanwhile,Ifindmyselflookingbackatmysenioryear,andthinkingaboutallthewonderfulthingsthathavehappened.同时，我发觉自己在回顾自己高中最后一年的时光，追忆所有发生过的美好往事。lookbackat回顾，回忆(＝lookbackon/to)①WhenIlookedbackatthosedaysIrealizedIwasdesperatelyunhappy.当我回想起那些日子时，我觉得自己痛苦极了。②Shelooksdownuponpeoplewhohaven'tmuchknowledge.她看不起没有知识的人。③Beforethemeetinghelookedthroughthereports.开会前，他把报告看了一遍。④AndIdolookforwardtoreceivingyourreplyletterassoonaspossible.(2017·浙江高考写作)并且我热切盼望早日收到你的回信。2．(教材P16)SomethingelseI'vegreatlyenjoyedisworkingasapeermediator,someonewhohelpsstudentstosettleproblemsthattheyhavewithotherstudents.另外一件我非常乐意做的事情是做同龄人的调解员，就是帮助学生们解决同学之间的问题。settlev.解决，处理；安排好；定居settledown舒适地坐或躺，过安定的生活，(使)安静/安顿settledownto(doing)sth.安心去做某事settlesb.in/intosth.帮助某人迁入新居/安顿下来settleonsth.决定做某事settlein＝settleintosth.适应，习惯(新情况，环境)①Youcan'texpectthatalltheproblemscanbesettledinaveryshorttime.你不能指望着所有的问题会在很短的时间内被解决。②Youhadbettersettledownandsetaboutrevising.你最好安定下来并开始复习。③Howarethekidssettlingintotheirnewschool?孩子们在新学校习惯吗？[辨析比较]settle,solvesettlesolve“解决”，其对象通常是某种争端“解决”，侧重的是给出一个答案settleeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(anissue,anargument,aquarrel,amatter))solveeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(aproblem,amystery,apuzzle,difficulties))选用上述单词填空④Itistimethatyousettledyourdisputewithhim.⑤Howitcameaboutisstillamysterytosolve.3．(教材P17)．..wehadgreatfunracingeachotherdowntheskislopes.……我们比赛着冲下雪坡，玩得非常开心。havefun玩得开心havefundoingsth./withsth.开心地做某事makefunofsb.开某人的玩笑，嘲弄某人for/infun开玩笑地，为了好玩Whatfun!真有趣！Itisfuntodosth.做某事很开心/好玩①Theyoftenhavefunflyingkitesintheopenair.他们经常开心地在户外放风筝。②PeopleenjoymakingfunoftheclothesIwear,thoughtheyseemallrighttome.人们爱拿我穿的衣服开玩笑，虽然我的衣服对我似乎很合适。③Mymotherenteredthelocalflowershowjustforfunandgotafirst.我母亲仅仅因好玩而参加了本地的花卉展，结果得了第一名。[名师点津]fun为不可数名词，无复数形式，不与不定冠词连用，但可用great,much,alotof修饰。4．(教材P17)．..I'llneverforgetbeingelectedtothestudentcouncil.……我也永远忘不了当选为学生会成员的经历。electv.选举；推选(1)electsb.to...把某人选进……electsb.(as/tobe)＋职位选某人当……(2)electionn.选举，推选①Weelectedourmonitorbyashowofhands.我们举手选举了班长。②Iwaselectedas/tobeamemberofthecampussecuritycommittee.我被选为校园安全委员会的一员。③Detailsoftheelection(elect)willbepostedoutsidethetownhall.选举的详情将贴在市政厅外。[名师点津]当有关职位只有一名时，表示职务的名词前不加冠词，而且as通常被省略，除此之外的as大多不可省略。5．(教材P17)Ifoundadressthatsuitedmeperfectly,andhadmyhairspeciallydoneonthedayoftheprom.我找到一件非常适合我的晚礼服，毕业舞会那天还专门去做了头发。suitv.合适；适合n．一套服装；套装(1)suitsth.tosth./sb.使适合某物/某人besuitedfor/tosth./sb.适合某物/某人suitsb.(fine)(很)合某人的意；对某人(很)合适(2)suitableadj.适合的besuitabletodosth.适合做某事besuitablefor适合……①Wefoundhimworkmoresuitedtohisabilities.我们给他找到了更适合他的能力的工作。②Hecansuithisconversationtowhoeverhe'swith.无论跟谁说话，他都能说到一块儿。③Thesimplicityofthebookmakesitsuitableforchildren.这本书简单易懂，适合儿童。[辨析比较]suit,fit,matchsuit指“适合，中意，适宜”，多指符合需要、口味、性格、条件、场合等。尤其用来指衣服的样式、颜色或发式与人相配fit是一个日常用语，多用来指“大小、形状、尺寸等合适”match指“相配，配得上”，指人或物在性质、色调、设计等方面相当或相配选用上述单词填空④Thedressfitsyouwell,butitscolordoesn'tsuityou,andalsoitdoesn'tmatchyourshoes.1．Meanwhile,Ifindmyselflookingbackatmysenioryear,andthinkingaboutallthewonderfulthingsthathavehappened.同时，我发觉自己在回顾高中最后一年的时光，追忆所有发生过的美好往事。(1)该句为“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的复合结构，表示“发现……处于某种状态”。(2)该结构中的宾语补足语可以是形容词/副词/介词短语/分词/名词。①Whenshewokeup,shefoundherselfinthehospital.当她醒来时，她发现自己在医院里。②Ifoundmyselfspending(spend)awholedayinmytent.我发现自己一整天都在帐篷里度过。③Theyfoundthemselvessurrounded(surround)bycolorfulrocks,fishes,shellsandplants.他们发现他们自己被彩色的岩石、鱼、贝壳和植物包围。④Ifindheraneasywomantogetalongwith.我发现她是一个很容易相处的女士。[名师点津](1)在“find＋宾语＋分词”结构中，如果分词表示的动作与宾语之间是主动关系，且分词动作正在进行或持续，则用现在分词；如果分词所表示的动作与宾语之间是被动关系，且分词表示被动和完成，则用过去分词。(2)在“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”中，如果宾语是动词不定式或从句，习惯上用形式宾语it来代替，并把真正的宾语放在句末。2．It'swell­knownthatAmericansarecompetitive,andIdidenjoyitwheneverIwonourraces!众所周知，美国人争强好胜，每当我赢得了比赛，我都会为此欣喜万分！did在句中起强调作用。do/does/did用在动词之前，起强调作用，常译为“的确，真的”。通常用于一般过去时和一般现在时的肯定句中，也可用于祈使句中。①Shedidtellmeaboutheraddress,butIforgotallaboutit.她确实告诉过我她的地址，但我忘了。②Idohopeyou'llstayherealittlelonger.我确实希望你在这里多待一会儿。③Wedon'tknowshedoes(do)hateusingamobilephone.我们不知道她确实讨厌使用手机。[名师点津]do是对谓语动词的强调，如果对其他成分的强调我们应该使用强调句型：Itis/was＋被强调成分＋that/who＋...。④Itisonlyinthiswaythatwecansolvethisproblem.只有这样，我们才能解决这个问题。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．It'stimeyousettled/shouldsettle(settle)yourdifferenceswithyourfather.2．WheneverIamalone,Ifindmyselfalwayslookingbackattheolddays.3．Icanusuallyletmyselfgoandhavefunwithfriends.4．Tomwaselected(elect)asthechairmanwhenhewasinhisthirties.5．PeoplesaythatIamsuitedtobeing(be)aprimaryschoolteacher.6．Wedoknowwhyhe'sgone,butatpresentIcan'ttellyouaboutit.Ⅱ.完成句子1．Settledown,children;stoprunningabout!孩子们，安静下来吧，别到处乱跑了！2．Itissuitableforpeopleofallagesandphysicalconditions.它适合于各种年龄和体质的人。3．Ingeneral,peopledonotliketobemadefunof.大体上讲，人们都不喜欢被嘲笑。4．Acommitteewillbesetuptolookintothematter.将要成立一个委员会对此事进行调查。5．Hedidgototheparkforawalkyesterdayafternoon.昨天下午他确实去那个公园散步了。一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Youhavetobehighlycompetitive(好竞争的)todowellinsportthesedays.2．Thebluedresssuits(适合)youwell,andyoulookextremelybeautifulinit.3．ThedayswhentheChinesepeoplehadtorelyonimportedoilaregoneforever(永远)．4．Nowthatthedifficultproblemhasbeensettled(解决),wecangoonwithourwork.5．Theseflowersarebrightlycolouredinordertoattract(吸引)butterflies.6．Iarrivedwithonesuitcase,myonlyluggage(行李)foraterm.7．TheweekendinVenicewasdefinitelythehighlight(最精彩的部分)ofourtrip.8．Thethreecharts(图表)areofthesame.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Whatafunitwillbewhenwegoonholidaytogether.去掉a2．Theyliketolookbackthoseunforgettableyearsinthearmy.back后加to/at3．MrSmithelectedthechairmanoftheeducationcommittee.elected前加was4.Stoptalking,children,andsettledowntodoyourhomework.do→doing5．Hemayhaveforgottenaboutit,butIdidcalledhimtotellhim.called→callⅢ.完成句子1．Ibethe'lllaughwhenhelooksbackon/atthiswholethinginayear.我敢打赌一年以后回头看这件事的时候他会大笑。2．Herechildrencanhavefunplayingwithwater.在这里孩子们可以痛痛快快地玩水。3．Itisagreatpitythatnotallchildreninthecitycanhavethesamechance.很遗憾在这个城市里不是所有的孩子都有同样的机会。4．ThebiggestsurprisewaswhenIwaselectedmonitor.最大的惊喜就是我被选为班长的时候。5．Ienjoysharingmyopinionswithothers.我喜欢与他人分享我的观点。6．Waituntilthechildrensettledownbeforeyoustartthelesson.等到孩子们静下来，你才能上课。7．WhenIenteredmyroom,Ifounditdecoratedwithflowers.当我走进房间时，我发现房间里装饰了鲜花。8．Aftercovering10kilometers,hedidlooktired.走了10千米，他确实显得很疲倦。Ⅳ.课文语法填空Promnighthascomeandgone,andI1.havereceived(receive)myhighschooldiploma.2.Itisagoodthingthattheexamsarefinished.Meanwhile,Ifindmyself3.looking(look)backatmysenioryearandthinkingaboutallthewonderfulthings.Ihavedecidedtowritethem4.down.Oneofthebestthingsaboutthisyearhasbeenworkingas5.anartseditor.Thehighlightoftheyearwastheseniorprom.Ifoundadressthatsuitedme6.perfectly(perfect),andhadmyhairspecially7.done(do)onthedayoftheprom.EverybodytoldmethatI8.looked(look)veryelegant.ButthebigsurpriseoftheeveningwaswhenI9.waselected(elect)promqueen.Itwasaperfectending10.toaperfectschoolyear.Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达我经常回忆(lookbackat)那段经历。我过去不知道如何解决(settle)一个关于我的友谊的大问题。王林是我最好的朋友。我们在一起总是很开心(havefun)。但是他很好强(competitive)。我们在同一个公司工作。上周我们部门想竞选(elect)一位经理。王林希望能参加这次竞选，但是我认为那个职位更适合(suit)我。因此我不知道做什么。Ioftenlookbackatthatexperience.Ididn'tknowhowtosettleabigproblemaboutmyfriendship.WangLinismybestfriend.Wealwayshavefuntogether.Butheisverycompetitive.Weworkinthesamecompany.Ourdepartmentwantedtoelectamanagerlastweek.WangLinhopedtotakepartintheelection,butIthinkthepositionsuitedmefine.SoIdidn'tknowwhattodo.二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧Ⅰ.完形填空WhenIwasthreeyearsold,myparentsdiscoveredIwastotallydeaf.Afterdiscussingwithdoctors,theymadeadecisiontosendmetoa1school.Iexperiencedgreat2throughoutelementaryschoolbecauseI3withmostofmyschoolworkinorderthatIcouldkeepup.Becauseofmy4Ihadtoconstantlyaskeveryone,“Whatdidhe/shesay？”Classmatesarewarm­hearted.5，Iworriedthateveryonewouldsoon6repeatingeverythingbacktome.OftenIwasafraidmyclassmateswouldmakefunofmesoI7answeredanyteacher'squestion.Mrs.Jordan,my5th­gradeteacher,changedmy8withasimplethree­wordphrase.Onemorning,sheaskedtheclassaquestion.Ireadherlipsandimmediatelyraisedmyhand.YetIdaren't9it—thistimeIknewtheanswer.Whenshecalledonme,Iwasnervous.Despitemy10，IfeltconfidentbecauseIwas11thatIhadtherightanswer.Itookadeepbreathand12answeredMrs.Jordan'squestion.Iwillnever13whathappenednext.Her14surprisedallofus.Mrs.Jordanenthusiasticallyhitthefloorwithherrightfootandranherrightfingerinafullcircleuntilitpointeddirectlyatme.Withsparkling(闪闪发光的)eyesandawidesmileshe15，“THAT'SRIGHT,STEPHEN！”Forthefirsttimeinmyyounglife,Iwasaninstantstar.Mypride16inmyheart.My17Fromthatday,mygrades19dramatically.My20amongmypeersincreasedandmyoutlookonlifedidacompleteturnabout.语篇解读：因听力有问题，作者很少能回答老师的问题。有一天他却对老师的提问做出了正确回答，对此老师给出了积极的鼓励，就是这样简单的三个词的鼓励改变了作者的生活。1．A.boarding B．normalC．special D．medical解析：选B由下文作者经常问别人老师说了什么可知，作者虽然耳朵失聪，但却去了一个正常的(normal)学校。2．A.gratitude B．discriminationC．anxiety D．indifference解析：选C作者身患残疾，无法顺利地跟上同学的学习进度，经常与学校的功课“做斗争”(struggled)，常会感到焦虑(anxiety)。3．A.struggled B．dealtC．trembled D．reacted解析：选A参见上题解析。4．A.curiosity B．braveryC．courage D．disability解析：选D由第一段中提到的我听力有残疾可知，这里是指我的残疾(disability)。5．A.Therefore B．BesidesC．However D．Otherwise解析：选C前后表示转折关系，用however。同学们都很热心，可是我却担心……6．A.gettiredof B．getshyofC．getashamedof D．getskilfulat解析：选A由前文提到的“worried”和空格后的“Iwasafraid”可推断，作者是担心同学们会不会对他不停的提问而感到厌烦。7．A.briefly B．eagerlyC．narrowly D．rarely解析：选D我担心同学们取笑我，所以我很少(rarely)去回答老师的问题。8．A.belief B．situationC．environment D．decision解析：选B根据下文可知，作者的生活发生了变化，因此是改变了作者的处境(situation)。9．A.deny B．bearC．judge D．believe解析：选D作者经常向同学问老师说了什么，学习也不是很得心应手，这次他自己也不敢相信(believe)他竟然知道这个问题的答案。10．A.fears B．annoyanceC．disadvantage D．embarrassment解析：选A由上文“Iwasnervous”可知老师叫我时，我感到紧张，由此可推断出这里表示我有些害怕(fears)。11．A.astonished B．pleasedC．convinced D．excited解析：选C作者读懂了老师的唇语并立即举手，作者深信(convinced)自己的答案是正确的。由下文老师的反应也能推断出。12．A.nervously B．gladlyC．simply D．respectfully解析：选A前文中的“Iwasnervous”是提示。13．A.encounter B．forgetC．expect D．doubt解析：选B一个很平常的课堂正确作答，老师却做出了超乎寻常的反应(response)，作者永远不会忘记(forget)。14．A.response B．answerC．insult D．expression解析：选A参见上题解析。15．A.admitted B．noddedC．cried D．expl