主谓一致典型用法归纳 【基础梳理+考点探究】高考英语语法专项突破

高考英语语法知识清单+强化训练讲义专题08主谓一致典型用法归纳（原卷版）讲义目录考点清单一、就近一致两种典型用法考点清单二、就远一致典型用法考点清单三、意义一致五种典型用法考点清单四：语法一致八种典型用法分层训练（一）高考真题分层训练（二）模拟试题分层训练（三）单句改错分层训练（四）句式升级（书面表达）分层训练（五）语篇运用（外刊原创）分层训练（六）好题快递（最新模拟）考点清单一、就近一致两种典型用法要点精讲1：并列连词either…or…,neither…nor…,not…but,notonly…butalso…等连接并列主语时，谓语应与最近的主语保持人称和数的一致。例1：Iseitherheoryounottellingthetruth?例2：Notonlyyoubutalsosheistoblameforthetrafficaccident.例3：Neithertheleadernorthefarmersareresponsiblefortheheavylosses.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.NotonlyIbutalsoDavidandIris_______(be)fondofplayingbasketball.2._____(be)eitherheoryoutohosttheTalentShowinourschoolthisyear?3.(2009湖南)Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents_______(be)toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.要点精讲2：Therebe句型及Thefollowing句型语应与最近的主语保持人称和数的一致。例1：Thereisapencilandtwodictionariesonthedesk.例2：Therearetwodictionariesandapencilonthedesk.例3：Thefollowingistheinformationaboutplayswhichwillbeonthesedays.

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。4.Thefollowing_______(be)someotherexamplesforyoutoreferto. 5.There_______(be)millionsofwebsitesontheInternetandthere_______(be)alotofusefulinformationonthewebsites.6.Betweenthetworowsoftrees__________(stand)thenewlybuiltteachingbuilding.考点清单二、就远一致典型用法要点精讲：主语后面跟有下列介词或介词短语with，alongwith，togetherwith,aswellas,ratherthan,including,like,but,except，谓语动词在人称与数上应与前边的主语一致。例1：NoonebutJohnandhisteachersknowsthetruthoftheexperiment.例2：Tomaswellastwoofhisfriendswasinvitedtomyforty-ninthbirthdaypartylastFriday.例3：Alice,togetherwithherfriends,waspraisedforhavingwonhonorfortheirschool.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。7.(2019江苏)Themusicianalongwithhisbandmembers______________(give)tenperformancesinthelastthreemonths.8.(2019天津)Amy,aswellasherbrothers,_____________(give)awelcomewhenreturningtothevillagelastweek.9.(2017天津)Nowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming,_____________(regard)asoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.考点清单三、意义一致五种典型用法要点精讲1：family,class,committee,team,group,crew,audience等集体名词强调整体谓语用单数，强调成员谓语用复数。例1：Thefootballteamismadeupof23members.例2：Thefootballteamaretakingtheirtrainingcourseontheplayground.例3：Allthecrew

are

onboard

excepttheelectrician.

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。10.Herfamily_________(be)largerthanmineandherfamily__________(watch)TVnow.11.Afterhearinghisinspiringspeech,theaudience_____________(move)byhisstoryandhiswords.12.Thecommittee_________(make)upof20members,who_________(be)allexpertsinmedicine.要点精讲2：某些集体名词如people,police,cattle,oxen谓语动词必须用复数。例1：Thepolicearesearchingtheforestfortheeightescapedprisoners.例2：Thecattle

are

rounded

up

intheeveningseveryday.例3：TheChinesepeople

arecharacterized

bymodesty.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。13.Thepolice_____________(search)forthemurderereverywherewhenhesuddenlyappearedinatheatre.要点精讲3：单复数同形的名词(sheep,deer,works,means,species,Chinese,Japanese)等作主语时，谓语动词应根据其意义或限定词决定单、复数。例1：This

species

has

nearly

diedout

because

itshabitat

isbeing

destroyed.

例2：Suchachemicalworksistobeclosedbythelocalgovernmentnextyear.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。14.Everypossiblemeans____________(try)topreventtheairpollution,buttheskyisstillnotclear.15.Allpossiblemeans____________(try)topreventtheairpollution,buttheskyisstillnotclear.要点精讲4：the+形容词（或分词）主语表示一类人时，谓语通常用复数。这类词有therich,thepoor,thebrave,theinjured,theliving,thewounded等。例：Thelivingaretryingtheirbesttorescuethosetrappedintheruins.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。16.Theelderly_____________(take)

goodcareofinourcountryatpresent.要点精讲5：名词短语作主语表示时间、距离、金钱、机构、书籍等概念时，谓语动词常用单数。例19：Eighthoursofsleepisenoughforachild.例20：TheUnitedNationswasfoundedonOctober24,1945.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。17.Threeyears___________(pass)sincetheymetlasttime,andforthem,threeyears_____(be)reallyalongtime.18.(2017江苏)ThepublicationofGreatExpectations,which___________(be)bothwidelyreviewedandhighlypraised,strengthenedDickens,statusasaleadingnovelist.考点清单四：语法一致八种典型用法要点精讲1：不定式、动名词和从句作主语，谓语动词用单数。例1：Whyhewasabsentfromthemeetingyesterdayisbeingquestioned.例2：Planningsofaraheadmakesnosense----somanythingswillhavechangedbynextyear.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。19.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory______________(not,decide)yet.20.Whatweneed_______(be)enoughwater,butwhattheyneed_______(be)houses.21.(2006天津)Whatweusedtothink_______(be)impossiblenowdoesseempossible.22.(2010湖南)Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcerts___________(cause)hearinglossinsometeenagers.要点精讲2：分数,百分数,some,all,most,therest等修饰名词时,谓语动词与修饰的名词单复数保持一致。例1：Mostofhisincomehasbeenspentonbooks.例2：Whatisthepopulationofyourcountry?例3：Seventypercentofthepopulationinthatcountryarestillinpoverty.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。23.40%ofthepopulationinthatcountry________(be)young,andtwothirdsofthem_________(not)knowhowtoreadandwrite.24.(2006浙江)Thecompanyhadabout20notebookcomputersbutonlyone-third__________(use)regularly.Nowwehave60workingalldaylong.25.(2011湖南)One-thirdofthecountry__________(cover)withtreesandthemajorityofthecitizens_______(be)blackpeople.要点精讲3：and连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式；但如果并列主语指同一个人，同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。由and连接的并列单数主语的前边如果分别有each,

every,

或no修饰时，其谓语要用单数形式。例1：Acartandhorsewasseeninthedirectionofthetown.例2：Manyaboyandmanyagirlhasmadethesamemistakeinthemathexam.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。26.Butterandbread________(be)theirdailyfood,butthebreadandthebutter__________(eat)upsofar.27.Earlytobedandearlytorise__________(make)amanhealthy,happyandwise.28.In

our

country

every

boy

and

every

girl

________(have)the

right

to

receiveeducation.

29.(2006江苏)Apoetandartist_______(be)comingtospeaktousaboutChineseliteraturethisafternoon.要点精讲4：alargequantity/amountof…作主语，谓语动词用单数；largequantities/amountsof…作主语，谓语动词用复数。例1：Alargeamountofmoneyisspentonadvertisementseveryyear.例2：Largeamountsofspecialfuelareneededtolauncharocketintospace.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。30.(2005山东)Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofearth________(wash)awayeachyear.31.(2009福建)---Whydoesthelakesmellterrible?---Becauselargequantitiesofwater__________(pollute).要点精讲5：thenumberof…表示“……的数量”，谓语用单数；anumberof表示“若干，许多”，谓语用复数。例：ThenumberofthestudentsinClass7is65.Andanumberofthemarekeenonreading.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。32.Thenumberofpeopleinvited______(be)fifty,butanumberofthem_______(be)absentfordifferentreasons.33.(2006全国II)Asyoucansee,thenumberofcarsonourroads__________(keep)risingthesedays.要点精讲6：oneof…后接定语从句，从句谓语用复数；theonlyoneof后接定语从句，从句谓语用单数。例1：Johnsonisoneofthefarmerswholiveinthevalley.例2：Johnsonistheonlyoneofthefarmerswholivesinthevalley.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。34.(2010全国II)Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe’stheonlyoneofthewomenwho________(wear)eveningdress.要点精讲7：all,both,each,every,either,neither,none等代词作主语，视意思而定。例1：EachstudentinClass29hasatleastthreedictionaries.例2：Thestudentseachhaveatleastthreedictionaries.例3：Allofthemoneywasgiventothepoorvillagerslastmonth.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。35.Thesummerholidayiscomingandweeach______(be)readyforthepicnicinthepastweeks.36."All_______(be)presentandall_______(be)goingonwell,"ourheadteachersaid.37.Itisreportedthatmanyanewhouse_______________(build)atpresentinthedisasterarea.38.(2008陕西)-–Didyougototheshowlastnight?-–Yeah.Everyboyandgirlinthearea___________(invite).39.(2012湖南)Allthescientificevidence_____(show)thatincreasinguseofchemicalsinfarming_______(be)damagingourhealth.要点精讲8：在Itis…that…强调句型中也应考虑主谓一致。例：ItwasJimthatwaspraisedbytheheadmasterthismorning.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。40.ItisI,who_______(be)yourteacher,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.分层训练（一）高考真题用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.(2022新高考II)Henry____________(fix)hiscarwhenheheardthescreams.HelookedupandsawErichangingfromthebalcony.2.(2021北京)Asit____________(connect)things,yourbrainturnsthemintoastory,andyougetadream.3.(2021天津)Currently,about35,000works____________(display)inover300roomsintheLouvre,anditwouldtakealifetimetoseeeverything.4.(2020江苏)Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation,you'llfindprobablyasolutionthat_______(suit)everyone.5.(2020天津)Thenumberofmedicalschoolsreached18intheearly1990sand__________(remain)aroundthatlevelsince.6.(2020全国II)Thisiswhydecoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers__________(carry)specialsignificance.7.(2019全国Ⅰ)Ofthenineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six

_____

(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.

8.(2019全国II)IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI

_______

(make)overtheyears.9.(2019全国III)Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,we

__________

(invite)toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars.

10.(2017全国Ⅰ)Whenfatandsalt__________(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.分层训练（二）模拟试题用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。11.Here_______(be)apen,afewpencilsandsomepaperforyou.12.Nowmorethanonemember_______(be)againsttheplan.13.Thiskindofcartoons_______(sell)wellinthebookstorewhilecartoonsofthatkind___________badly(sell).14.Anironandsteelworks,withsomesatellitefactories,_______(be)tobebuilthere.E-mail,aswellastelephones,________(be)playinganimportantpartindailycommunication.16.Thefatheraswellashisthreechildren_______(go)skatingonthefrozenrivereverySundayafternooninwinter.17.---Eachofthestudentsworkinghardattheirlessons

__________(read)thebook.---SohaveI.

18.Thenumberofthestudentswho________(possess)cellphones________(be)increasingrapidly,whichaffectsthenormalteachingbadly.19.Generally,students’innermotivationwithhighexpectationsfromothers______(be)essentialtotheirdevelopment.20.Sofaraseriesofproblems_____________(bring)aboutbythisdecision.分层训练（三）单句改错下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。21.Thecattleiseatinggrassonthehillnow.22.Kate,oneofmyclosefriends,comefromGuangzhou.23.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherwishforaholiday.24.Thewriterandtranslatoraredeliveringaspeechinourschoolnow.25.Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsintheareaneedsrepairing.26.Largequantitiesoffoodhasbeensenttotheflood-strickenvictimsinthepastfewdays.27.Theteacher,aswellas6girlsand8boys,werevisitingamuseumwhentheearthquakestruck.28.NooneinthedepartmentbutTomandIknowthatthedirectorwillresign.29.Thecountrylifetheelderlycouplewasusedtohavechangedgreatlysince1992.30.Whatthescienceteacherdoesandsaysareofgreatimportancetocollegestudents.分层训练（五）语篇运用（一）用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，注意主谓一致。MynewdeskmateJames,whoseparents31(teach)EnglishinGuangzhoufortenyears,32(come)fromtheUnitedStates,which33(be)oneofthemostdevelopedcountriesintheworld.Heaswellashisparents34(enjoy)livinginGuangzhoubecauseneitherJamesnorhisparents35(finding)itdifficulttoadapttothelifeinChina.Intheiropinion,manyacustomhere36(be)easytounderstandandtenyears37(be)enoughforthemtogetusedtoallthecustoms.I,togetherwithJames,38(be)extremelyfondofEnglishbutphysics39(seem)ratherdifficultforus.Besides,bothheandI40(be)crazyaboutreadingstorybooks,andtheArabianNights41(be)oneofthemostinterestingbooksthat42(read)byus.Ourclass43(unite)asabigfamily.Nowthewholeclass44(prepare)forthecomingsportsmeet,solargequantitiesofourrecenttime45(spend)onit.Whatweneed46(be)aqualifiedcoachbecausebeingtrainedproperly47(be)ofgreatimportance.Weeach48(be)fullyawarethateachofus49(play)animportantroleinourclass.Wehavedecidedtoholdacelebrationifgettingagoodresultbutwhenandwherewearegoingtoholdit50(decide)yet.（二）热点话题：渔民高温中暑直升飞机送医体裁：说明文Fishermanwithseriousheatstrokehelicopteredtohospital/zh-cn/news/other/fisherman-with-serious-heat-stroke-helicoptered-to-hospital/ar-AA10lnnKA31-year-oldfishermansufferingfromseriousheatstroke51(transport)byhelicoptertoShanghai'sRuijinHospitalforemergencytreatmentonFriday.Thefishermanbrokeoutwithafever,convulsionsandconfusioninthemorning.TheDonghaiNo.1flyingrescueteamcontactedRuijinHospitaland52(undertake)therescue.Thehelicopterarrivedatthehospitalat11:12am.Doctorsconductedanemergency53(evaluate)andtreatmentonthepatient,54bodytemperaturewas40degreesCelsius.Hewas55(immediate)transportedtotheintensivecareunit(ICU).AccordingtoDrChenErzhen,vicepresidentofRuijin,thepatient'sconditionimprovedafter56hourbuthishighbodytemperaturedamagedhisliver,kidney,heartandbloodsystem.Thepatientisstill57seriouscondition.Doctorssaidlocalhospitalshavetreatedseveral58(patient)withheatstrokethissummer.Theyurgedpeople59(be)extracautiousaboutheatstrokesonhotdays,especiallythose60(work)outdoors.分层训练（六）好题快递第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A【福建省三明第一中学2022年高二下期第二次月考英语试题】Whilebringingglobalchangemaytakesometime,thesecompaniesandindividualshavealreadydevelopedvariouswaystoreduceplasticpollution.PlasticBankAccordingtoitsfounderDavidKatz,“Theonlywaytostopoceanplasticistoshowthevaluetothecollectors.”Thecompanydoesthisbyrewardingpeoplewhocollectoceanplasticwithcash,goods,orservices.Thegarbagecollectedisrecycledandsoldtocompaniesthatpayabove-marketpricestohelpthecause.LiterofLightSince2011LiterofLighthasbeentransformingplasticbottlesintolightsources(光源).Therearemillionsofpeoplewhohavenoaccesstoelectricity.Thecompanyattachesplasticbottlesfilledwithwaterandbleachtoroofs.Theyreflectsunlightintothedark,windowlesshomesduringtheday.Whenthesunsets,amicrosolarpanel(太阳能电池板)helpspoweranLEDbulb(灯泡).TheOceanCleanupFoundationIn2013,18-year-oldBoyanSlatdroppedoutofcollegetostartTheOceanCleanupFoundation.TheyounginventordevelopedthefirstoperationalcleanupsystemintheGreatPacificGarbagePatch.Thesystemisdesignedtocollectthesurfacegarbageasitfloatspast.Theaccumulatedplasticwillbebroughttolandforrecycling.Slatbelieveshisinventionwillallowustoclean50percentofthepatchwithinfiveyears.YouandMeWedon’thavetobepartofamajormovementtohelpmakeadifference.Simplychoosingtorecycle,reuse,oravoidingplasticaltogethercanbeagreatstarttoreducethewaste.Inaddition,therearemanyotherwaystoreduceourecologicalfootprint.Considerwalkinginsteadofdriving,takingshortershowers,ditchingplasticstraws,orevenplantingatree!21.WhatdoesPlasticBankmainlydotohelpreduceplasticpollution?A.Theyinventvariousways. B.Theyrewardthecollectors.C.Theyfoundarecyclingcompany. D.Theycallonthepublictoplanttrees.22.Howcanplasticbottlesbecomelightsources?A.Byreflectingsunlight. B.Byproducingelectricity.C.Byworkingwithasolarpanel. D.BybeingmadeintoLEDbulbs.23.WhatkindofpersonisBoyanSlat?A.Learnedandambitious. B.Devotedanddutiful.C.Hard-workingandoptimistic. D.Determinedandcreative.B【2022届四川省泸州市第三次教学质量检测考试英语试题】CharlesDarwinwasbornintoafamilyofthinkers.HisfatherwasaFellowoftheRoyalSociety(theelitecircleoftopBritishscientists),hismotherwasthedaughterofJosiahWedgwood,themanwhofoundedthefamousWedgwoodPotteries,andhisgrandfather,ErasmusDarwin,wasafamousphysician,thinkerandphilosopherwho,likehisgrandson,spentmuchtimestudyingtheevolutionoflife.AfterachildhoodinthetownofShrewsbury,wherehewaseducatedattheGrammarSchool,DarwinwentuptoEdinburghUniversitytostudymedicineandnaturalhistory.Whenhewaseighteen,heleftEdinburghandwenttoCambridgeUniversity,planningtoenterthechurch,buthewasmoreinterestedinsciencethaninreligionandintheendheabandonedtheology.ShortlyaftergraduatingfromCambridge,hegotajobasanaturalistontheshipH.M.S.Beagle,whichwasabouttostartonascientificandcartographic(地图的)surveyoftheSouthAmericancoast.ThejourneystartedinDecember1831andwastolastalmostfiveyears,duringwhichtimehecollectedconsiderabledocumentation.Darwinwasstruckbytheanimalsofthesouthseas,particularlybythetortoiseshefoundontheGalapagosIslands,agroupofPacificIslands.TheGalapagostortoises,Darwinobserved,differedfromislandtoisland,andthis,heinferred,showeddifferentformsofevolution,sincetheanimalsobviouslycamefromthesameorigins.Darwinwasalsostruckbytheiguanas(蜥蜴)hefound,andobservedthatthosewhichlivedinwaterhadheadssuitableforfindingfoodamongstones,whilethosethatlivedonlandhadasharperhead,morefitforaherbivorous(食草的)animal.Darwindevelopedhistheoryofevolution,butitwasnotuntil1859thatheactuallypublishedit.Itwasinstantlyseenasagreatmilestoneinscientificthought,andattractedviolentargumentalloverEurope.Manyfoundfaultinit,andDarwinspenttherestofhislifeimprovinghistheoryinthelightofotherpeople’sobservations.24.WhywasDarwin’sfamilybackgroundmentioned?A.Tohonourhisfamily. B.Toincreasehispopularity.C.Tohighlighthisfamily’scontributions. D.Toshowhisfamily’sinfluenceonhim.25.WhatdidDarwinmajorinatCambridgeUniversity?A.Science. B.Naturalhistory. C.Theology. D.Medicine.26.Whyarethecreaturesdifferentfromislandtoisland?A.Theoriginisvarious. B.Thenatureisdifferent.C.Thepopulationisdiverse. D.Thefoodsupplyislacking.27.WhatcanbeknownaboutDarwin’stheoryofevolution?A.Hepublisheditoncefinished. B.Hefeltquitecontentwithit.C.Itcausedaworldwidedisagreement. D.Itwasagreatbreakthroughinscience.C【2022届吉林省实验中学高三下学期第二次模拟英语试题】ResearchersintheUnitedKingdomaretestingtoseewhethervitaminAcanbeusedtorestorethesenseofsmellinpeoplewholostitbecauseofCOVID-19.Alossofthesenseofsmellisacommonside-effectofCOVID-19,witharoundeightpeoplein10whohaveasymptomaticinfectionexperiencingsomereductionintheirabilitytosmell.Forsomepatients—round18percentaccordingtoonestudy—thesymptomissevere,causingtotalsmellloss.Priortothepandemic,researchersattheInterdisciplinaryCenterforSmellandTasteinDresden,Germany,establishedalinkbetweenvitaminAdropsandimprovedoutcomesinpatientswithviral-inducedsmellloss,causingscientistsattheUniversityofEastAngliatousethetreatmentonCOVID-19patientsinanewUKgovernment-fundedstudy."Aroundonein10peoplewhoexperiencesmelllossasaresultofCOVID-19reportthattheirsenseofsmellhasnotreturnedtonormalfourweeksafterfallingill,"saidCarlPhilpott,aprofessorofolfactologyattheuniversity.Philpottsaidpeoplewithsmelllosscanexperiencedepression,anxiety,feelingsofisolation（孤立）,andweightlossduetoreducedappetite.Hesaidotherrisksincludefailuretonoticehazards（危险）,suchasgasorspoiledfoods."Wewanttofindoutwhetherthereisanincreaseinthesizeandactivityofdamagedsmellpathwaysinpatients'brainswhentheyaretreatedwithvitaminAnasal（鼻的）drops,"saidPhilpott."Thiswouldshowrecoveryofthedamagecausedbycommonviralinfections,includingCOVID-19,inthenose."Inthenewstudy,38patientswillreceivea12-weekcourseofnasalvitaminAdropsand19willreceiveinactivepeanutoildrops.Beforeandafterthetreatmentcourse,researcherswilluseMRIscanningtoseeifthereisachangeinthesizeoftheolfactorybulb,anareaabovethenosewherethesmellnervesjointogetherandconnecttothebrain.Theywillalsotestforneuralactivityandolfactoryperformancebyintroducingdistinctiveodors,suchasrosesorrottingeggs,whilepatientsareundergoingMRIimaging.28.WhatinspiresresearcherstousevitaminAtotreatCOVID-19patients?A.Areliableexperiment.B.Patients'personalexperience.C.Previousmedicalresearch.D.Scientists'reasonableassumption.29.WhatmayNOTbetheresultofthesmellloss?A.Reducedappetite. B.Failuretosensedanger.C.Feelingsofbeinglonely. D.Slowrecoveryfrominfections.30.Howdidtheresearcherscarryouttheirstudy?A.Byinterviewingthepatients. B.Byanalyzingsomedata.C.Byobservingthesymptoms. D.Bydoingcontrastexperiments.31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theeffectivewaystorestorethesenseofsmell.B.UsingvitaminAtotreatsmelllosslinkedwithCOVID-19.C.COVID-19patients'sufferingsfromseveresmellloss.D.Somecasesthatwillcausealossofthesenseofsmell.D【2022届河北省唐山市高考第三次模拟考试】Imagineyouhaveapicturepuzzlewith10,000piecesbutnopictureonabox.Infact,youdon’tevenhavethebox–itwasdestroyednearly2,000yearsago.Thesepuzzlepiecesaretheremainsoffrescoes(壁画)intheancientRomancityofPompeiiburiedbytheeruptionofMountVesuviusinA.D.79.Somepiecesaremissing,othersarebroken.Howwouldyousolvethispuzzle?ScientistsattheItalianInstituteofTechnologyhaveaplan:Sendintherobot.TheirprojectcalledRePAIR(ReconstructingthePast:ArtificialIntelligenceandRoboticsmeetCulturalHeritage)combinesrobotics,AIandarchaeology(考古学)inanattempttoreconstructarchitecturalcharactersofPompeii,becausethey’reeithertoocomplexorwouldrequireimpossibleamountsofhumanlaborandtime.RePAIR’sunnamedrobotmusthaveacombinationofbrains,strengthandasensitivetouch.Thebrainswillcomefromamixofthehigh-techcomputer’sabilitytoscanthefrescopuzzlepieces,machine-learningalgorithms(算法)tosolvethepuzzlesandhumanexpertskilltoguidetheAI.InPompeii,theresearchersareintheprocessofmanuallydigitizingeveryfrescopiecesintwotestsitestocreateadigitaldatabasefortheRePAIRrobot.Butoncethewholesystemisfullyoperational,therobotwilldothescanningprocessitself.RePAIRisexperimental.“Wearefocusingmainlyonfrescoesandwe’llbringthembacktolife.Butthat’sjustthecasestudy.Ifwesucceed,wethinkwecanexportthistechnologytootherobjectsoreven,tootherfields,”saysPelillo,aprofessoroftheUniversityofVenice.TheRePAIRscientistsaimtoapplytherobotinPompeiibysummer2022.Theyhavesometimetoexperiment.32.Whyisapicturepuzzlementionedinparagraph1?A.Toestablishitsconnectionwiththeproject.B.Toexpressthechallengeofrepairingfrescoes.C.Toshowthecomplexityofsolvingthepuzzle.D.Totelltheexactnumberofthepiecesoffrescoes.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinparagraph4mean?A.Byhand. B.Inahurry. C.Bymachine. D.Ataslowpace.34.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheprojectfromPelillo?A.Itwillbenefitalltheresearchfieldssoon.B.Itisintendedtostudyotherculturalobjects.C.Itwillrelyonmoretechnologytobefunctional.D.Ithasgreatsignificancedespiteitspresentlimitations.35.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.CulturalHeritagesRescuedbyHi-TechB.Pelillo,aProfessorFocusingonFrescoesC.Pompeii,aCityComingtoLifeDuetoAID.Pompeii’sRuinstoBeReconstructedbyRobot第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。【河北省衡水市第二中学2022年高考考前模拟(三)】Areyourdaysacontinuousraceagainsttheclock?Ifso,youprobablydon’tknowhowyou’llbeabletocompleteeverything.36.Whateverthereasonis,learntobecomemoreefficientwithyourtime,manageyourworkorschoolload,andenjoythetimeyouhave.37Thereisavarietyofwaystodothis.Trykeepingalogorjournalforseveraldays.Youcanalsomakeachartorgraphshowinghowyourtimeisspent.Besuretokeeptrackofeverythingthat’stakingupyourtime:sleep,work,eating,chores,school,etc.Startwithyourmostimportantgoal.Putalargeamountofyourenergyintocompletingmoreimportanttasksbeforemovingontolessimportantitems.Workonyourbiggestprojectinthedaytimewhenyouhavethemostenergy.Forsomepeople,thismaybethefirstthinginthemorning,whilenightowlsprefertodealwithitatnight.38Multitasksmartly.Youcansticktomultitaskingwhenitcomestothoughtlessjobs(doingthelaundry,washingdishes,makingmeals,etc.).39Inotherwords,allowyourmindtofocusononetaskatatime,preferablyatatimeofdaywhenyouworkthemostefficiently.Removedistractions(使人分心的事).40.Today,devices,emailsandsocialmediaallcompeteforyourcarefulattentionatanygivenmoment.Ifyoufindyourselfhavingtroublecompletingtasks,tryturningoffyourcellphone,signingoutallsocialmediasitesandgoingsomewherequiet.You’llfindthatbeingabletofocusononetaskmayincreaseyourefficiency.A.Everythingdemandsyourattention.B.Determinehowyouspendyourtime.C.Ormaybeyou’reconfusedabouthowtospendyourtime.D.Remembertosparetimeforfamily,relaxationorpersonalmatters.E.Simplysaythatyoucan’tdoit,becauseitdoesn’tworkoutforyou.F.Thenfindoutwhatworksforyouanddon’twasteyourvaluableenergy.G.Butdon’ttrytowriteapoemwhilereadinganarticleortalkingonthephone.第二部分语言运用(共两节;满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。【广东省华南师范大学附属中学2021-2022学年高三上学期综合测试（一）】Whydosomepeoplelivetobelongerthanothers?Youknowthestandard____41____:keepingamoderatediet,encouraginginregularexercise,etc.Butwhateffectdoesyourpersonalityhaveonyourlongevity?Dosomekindsofpersonalities____42____longerlives?AnewstudyintheJournaloft