高中英语unit2教案人教新课标

人教版必修四Unit2Workingtheland第一部分：教学设计PartOne:TeachingDesign()1．Asamplelessonplanforreading(Workingtheland)AimsTohelpstudentsdeveloptheirreadingability.Tohelpstudentslearnaboutworkingtheland.ProceduresI.WarmingupWarmingupbyquestioningHello,everyone.Weshallreadaboutmanwhoworksthelandtoday.Haveyouevergrownanyplants?Ifnot,whatkindofplantwouldyouliketogrow?Howwillyougrowit?(Forreference:Mr.Li,Iworkedwithmyfatherinthericefieldlastyear.Wegrowhybridriceanduseanimalwastestomakethesoilrich.)Hasanyoneofyoueverbeentothecountryside?Whatdidyoudothere?(Forreference:IwenttoChuankouthedaybeforeyesterday.Itisasmallmountainvillage75linorthofBeijing.Iwenttheretovisitmyuncle’sfamily.Ilikethatsmallbeautifulvillageverymuch.)Whoarefromafarmer’sfamily?Whatdoyouknowaboutfarming?(Forreference:Mr.Li,DouJunandIarefromafarmer’sfamilyinourclass.Wegrowwheatandraisepigsonourfarms.Andbothofourfamilyaregoingtoexpandtheareaoffieldsthisyear.)WarmingupseeingandlisteningBoysandgirls,Ishallshowyousomephotosoffarmingfirst.Lookatthisone.Whataretheseppeopledoinginthefields?Yes,itisspringandtheyareplantingrice.Lotsofpeopleintheworldliveonrice.Ithinkyoulikeeatingrice,too.PlantingriceHereisanotherphotoaboutfarming.Themandrivingthetractorinthephotoisplowingthelandtopreparefortheplanting.Hedoesnotgrowricethere.Whatkindofcropishegoingtoplanthere?PlowingthelandThisphotoisinteresting.ThewomanfarmerfromTibetisharvestinghercropsnotintheopenfieldbutinaplastichouse.Forgenerations,thepeopleinTibetAutonomousRegion,havefarmedthelandusingtraditionalmethods.Butinrecentyears,thingshavebeguntochange.Allthefarmersadmittthenewwaysarebetter.IndoorharvestingII.Pre-readingQuestioningandansweringRiceismainfoodinSouthChina.Whatdoyouthinkwouldhappeniftomorrowtherewassuddenlynoricetoeat?(Forreference:Thenthesouthpeoplewouldhavetochangetheireatinghabit.Theycouldturntopotatoes,wheatflour,cowandsheepcheese,cabbage,onionsandgarlicforfood.TheyarethebasesofthetraditionalfoodinNorthChina.)Ifyouhadthechancetodoonethingtohelpendhungerintheworld,whatwouldyoudo?(Forreference:Iwouldtrytoendhungerbypopularizingtheadvancedfarmingtechniques.Moderntechniquescouldbeintroducedtoincreasethericeoutput,andexpandtheareaoffields.)GivingbackgroundinformationaboutProfessorYuanLongpingHaveyoueverheardofamancalledProfessorYuanLongping?Wouldanyoneofyoutelltheclasssomethingabouthim?(Forreference:ProfessorYuanLongpingisaChineseagriculturalscientist.ProfessorYuan'sbreakthroughscientificachievementledtotheworld'sfirstsuccessfulandwidelygrownhybridricevarieties,revolutionizingricecultivationinChinaandtriplingproductionoverageneration.HisapproachtoricebreedingthenspreadinternationallythroughoutAsiaandtoAfricaandtheAmericas,providingfoodfortensofmillionsandleadingtohisbecomingknownasthe"FatherofHybridRice."III.ReadingReadingaloudtotherecordingComprehension—understandingwhatyouarereading—isimportant.Toreadinthoughtgroupsisaneasy,yeteffective,wayofimprovingreadingcomprehension.Nowturntopage9andreadaloudtotherecordingofthetextAPIONEERFORALLPEOPLE.Payattentiontothethoughtgroupsinthesentenceswhilelisteningandreadingaloud.ReadingandunderliningReadthetextagainandunderlineallthecollocationsinthepassage.Youareaskedtocopythemtoyournotebookafterclassashomework.CollocationsfromAPIONEERFROALLPEOPLEcallsb.…,regardsb.…,worktheland,doone’sresearch,forthepastfivedecades,growhybridrice,becomeanagriculturalpioneer,haveahighoutput,produceone-thirdmoreofthecrop,bebornintoapoorfamily,graduatefromacollege,devoteone’slifeto…,findwaystodosth.,seethegreatneedfordoingsth.,increasethericeoutput,searchforawaytodosth.,increasericeharvests,expandtheareaoffields,producetonsofrice,feedsb.fromapieceoffarmland,circulateone’sknowledge,thanksto…,ridtheworldofhunger,besatisfiedwith…,carelittleabout…,spendmoneyon…,leadacomfortablelife,havetroubles,equipsb.forsth.,careabout…,keepone’stimefor…,playone’sviolin,playmah-jong,rideone’smotorcycle,wishfor…,inadream,anearofrice,agrainofrice,awakefromone’sdreamReading,identifyingandsummarizingAttention,please!Itistimetoskimthetextonemoretimeandidentifythetopicsentenceofeachparagraph.(Minuteslater)XueHongmei,wouldyoureadtotheclassthefourtopicsentencesyouidentified?Whataboutthemainideaofthepassage?Whowillvolunteertogivetheclasshissummaryofthemainidea?BaiJianfang,you’dliketosaysomething?Goahead!UnderstandingdifficultsentencesIngroupsoffour,analyzethestructureofthedifficultsentences.Ifyouhaveanyproblemswhicharetoodifficultforyoutosolvedonothesitatetoputthemtome.ReadingandtransferringInpairs,readthetext,findinformationtocompletethefollowingform.FactsaboutYuanLongpingFactsaboutYuan’ssuperhybridriceagecapacityeducationapplicationmajorcontributionhobbyoverseasidealfutureIV.ClosingdownClosingdownbydoingexercisesInthelastfiveminuteslet’sdothecomprehensionexercisesonpage10.Checkyouranswersagainstyourneighbour’swhenyouhavefinished.ClosingdownbyhavingadictationToendtheperiodyouwilltakeadictation.ItisaboutYuanLongping,“FatherofSuperhybridrice”.YuanLongping,Yuan

came

up

with

the

idea

of

hybridizing

rice

for

the

first

time

in

the

world

in

1960s.

Since

then,

50

percent

of

China's

total

rice

cultivation

fields

have

grown

such

rice,

which

added

some

300

billion

kilograms

to

the

country's

grain

output.Furrows

grown

on

his

sunburnt

face,

a

slim

figure

and

coiled-uptrousers

legs

would

confuse

foreign

reporters

who

came

to

interview

the

most

famous

scientist

in

China,

who

would

rather

be

called

"a

farmer."Indeed,

like

many

Chinese

farmers,

Yuan

in

his

70s

and

has

devoted

most

of

his

life

growing

rice

in

paddyfields,

but

unlike

those

farmers,

he

reaps

the

seed

from

experimental

fields

only

forhybridizing

rice.

2．AsamplelessonplanforLearningaboutLanguage(The–ingformastheSubject&Object)AimsTohelpstudentslearnaboutThe–ingformastheSubject&Object.Tohelpstudentsdiscoverandlearntousesomeusefulwordsandexpressions.Tohelpstudentsdiscoverandlearntousesomeusefulstructures.ProceduresI.WarmingupWarmingupreadingaloudthetextAPIONEERFORALLPEOPLELanguageislearnedincontext.Solet’sfirstreviewthetextlearnedyesterdaybyreadingitaloud.TrytoforceoutyourEnglishslowlyandclearly.II.DiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressionsInpairsdotheexercises1,2and3onpages11and12.Youmustfinishthemin5minutes.III.LearningaboutgrammarReadandidentifyReadthetextaboutYuanLongpingagain,payingattentiontothesentenceswhichusethe–ingformasthesubjectandobject.Inthesentence“Wishingforthings,however,costnothing.“the–ingisusedassubject.Itcanbealsousedasobjectofthesentence.Forexample:YuanLongpinglikesplayinghisviolin.ConsolidatingbydoexercisesToconsolidateyourunderstandingyouwillbegiven10minutestogooverexercises1,2,3,4and5onpages12and13.Youmayjustwriteonyourtextbook.Imeanthestudent’sbookyouareworkingby.III.ReadyusedmaterialsforThe–ingformastheSubject&Object)语法学习——动名词1.动名词作主语1）名词直接放在句首作主语。例如：Usingtherighthandtoshakehandsisaconventioninmanycountries.用右手握手是许多国家的一种习俗。2）动名词在“Itisnouse/nogood/fun/awasteoftime/agoodpleasure等名词+doing”结构中作主语，it为形式主语。例如：Itisnogoodwritingtohim;heneveranswersletters.写信给他不妥，他从来不回信。Itisnouseyourcomplaining;thecompanywon’tdoanythingaboutit.抱怨是没有用的，公司是不会管的。3）动名词在“Itisuseless/nice/good/interesting/worthwhile等形容词+doing”结构中作主语。例如：Itisgoodplayingchessaftersupper.晚饭后弈棋挺好。Itisuselessspeaking.光说是没有用的。4）动名词在“Thereis(was)no+doing”结构中作主语。例如：Thereisnodenyingthatsheisveryefficient.她效率高是不容否认的。Thereisnotellingwhatheisgoingtodo.他要做什么一点消息都没有。2.动名词作宾语1）有些动词后面要求跟动名词作宾语。常这样用的动词有：admit承认；excuse原谅；postpone拖延；anticipate期望；fancy想象practise练习；appreciate欣赏；finish完成；prevent防止；avoid避免；forbid禁止；propose建议；consider考虑；forgive宽恕；recollect回忆；delay耽搁；imagine想象；resent厌恶；deny否认；involve涉及；resist抵制；detest厌恶；keep保留；risk冒险；dislike讨厌；mind在意；save挽救；dread害怕；miss错过；suggest建议；enjoy喜欢；pardon原谅；understand理解；escape逃避；permit允许例如：Irecommendbuyingthedictionary.我建议买这本词典。Idon’tanticipatemeetinganyopposition.我估计不会遇到任何反对意见。Willyouadmithavingbrokenthewindow?你承认不承认打破了窗户？2）有些动词短语后也要求跟动名词作宾语。常这样用的动词短语有：can’tstand忍不住；can’thelp忍不住；feellike想，欲；giveup放弃；putoff推迟例如：Heputoffmakingadecisiontillhehadmoreinformation.在获得详情之前，他没有急于作出决定。Doyoufeelliketakingawalk?你要不要去散步？3）动名词常跟在介词或介词短语后做宾语。常这样用的介词短语有：insteadof,lookforwardto,objectto,keepon,seeabout,taketo等。例如：WearelookingforwardtocomingtoChina.我们期待着来中国。Wesucceededingettingoverallthedifficulties.我们终于克服了所有的困难。4）在“havedifficulty(trouble,problem,ahardtime,fun,agoodtime)(+in)+动名词；bebusy(in)+动名词；wastetime(in)+动名词；losttime(in)+动名词；Thereisnopoint(in)+动名词”等结构中，动名词做介词宾语，in常要省去。例如：Thechildrenarebusydoingtheirhomework.孩子们忙于做作业。Thereisnopoint(in)makingthesimpleexperimentsonceagain.再做一次这种简单的实验是毫无意义的。5）在复合宾语中，用it作形式宾语，将动名词短语放在后面。例如：Iconsideritawasteoftimearguingaboutit.我认为辩论这事是很浪费时间的。6）在“therebe”结构当中，be为动名词时，该结构也是一种带逻辑主语的动名词形式。例如：Wecanimaginetherebeingalotoffussaboutit.我们可以想象到人们对此大惊小怪。Wereyoudisappointedattherenothavingbeenmoregifts?你对没有更多的礼物感到失望吗？3.动名词的被动式1）动词need,require,want,deserve后，用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。其用法相当于不定式的被动结构。例如：Thewatchneedsrepairing.(=Thewatchneedstoberepaired.)这块表需要修理。Theproblemdeservesthinkingabout.(=Theproblemdeserverstobethoughtabout.)这个问题值得考虑。2）在（be）worth后面只能用动名词的主动态来表示被动意义。例如：Hissuggestionisworthconsidering.他的提议值得考虑。IV.Closingdownbydoingaquiz巩固练习:动名词要点单项选择测验1.Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan'thelp________intobuyingsomethingtheydon'treallyneed.A.topersuadeB.persuadingC.beingpersuadedD.bepersuaded2.-Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?-Thekey________theproblemistomeetthedemand________bythecustomers.A.tosolving;makingB.tosolving;madeC.tosolve;makingD.tosolve;made3.Howaboutthetwoofus________awalkdownthegarden?A.totakeB.takeC.takingD.tobetaking4.-WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset?-________hernewbicycle.A.AsshelostB.LostC.LosingD.Becauseoflosing5.-Wedon'tallowanyone________here.-Well,Ihatetosayitagain.Wedon'tallow________here.A.tosmoke;smokingB.smoking;tosmokeC.tosmoke;tosmokeD.smoking;smoking6.Theythoughtthereisnotrouble________theirfavoritebrandfromotherbrands.A.totellB.tellingC.tellD.told7.Somebirdsfinallyreachhomebyaccidentally________landmarkswhichtheyrecognize.A.tocomeacrossB.comingaroundC.comingacrossD.tocomearound8.Millionsofpoundshavebeenspent________thefreestateeducationsysteminBritain.A.toimprovingB.inimprovingC.toimproveD.tohaveimproved9.Alargeglassofwaterbeforeyoueatmayhelp________tooexcitedbeforedeliciousfoods.A.tokeepyoufromgettingB.tocarryyoufromgettingC.topreventyoutogetD.tostopyoutoget10.________forschoolonceinawhileoftenmakesMr.Smithangry.A.TombeinglateB.TomtobelateC.ForTombeinglateD.Tom'sbeinglateKey:1-5CBCCA6-10BCBAD3．AsamplelessonplanforUsingLanguage(OrganicFarming)AimsTohelpstudentsreadthepassageOrganicFarming.Tohelpstudentstousethelanguagebyreading,listening,speakingandwriting.ProceduresI.WarmingupWarmingupbylisteningandreadingaloudLanguageiscreatedtobelistenedtoandspokenfirst.Soopenyourbooktopage13andreaditaloudwhilelisteningtotherecording.Watchyourpausesbetweenthethoughtgroups.II.GuidedreadingReadingandtranslatingReadthetextsentencebysentence,andputitintoChinese.Whowillbethefirsttotry.Iwillonlyhavefourofyoutodothistask.OK,WangShan.Yougotit,theopportunity,Imean.ReadingandunderliningNextyouaretoreadandunderlinealltheusefulexpressionsorcollocationsinthepassage.Copythemtoyournotebookafterclassashomework.CollocationsfromORGANICFARMINGgainameaning,referto…,makethesoilfertile,naturalwastefromanimals,put…inthefield,makethesoilrich,becomehealthy,developahealthysoil,reducediseases,growstrongandhealthy,keep…freefrom…,leave…intheground,asaresult,getexhausted,killbacteriaandpests,insiston…,changecrops,befollowedby…,put…backinto…,needadeeperlevelofsoil,preferdoingsth,plant…betweencrops,prevent…from…,carryaway…,makesurethatDoingexercisesNowyouaregoingtodoexercisesNo.1,2and3onpage14followingthearticle.ListeningForlisteningturntopage14andthen15forthelisteningexercises1,2and3.Areyouready?5.Reading,speakingandwritingWhentryingtoarguepeopleintooroutofdoingsomethingwemayusethefollowingexpressions:Iwouldrather…Idon’tlike…because…I’dprefer…becauseIt’sagreatpitythat…ShouldI/we…?It’sbetterto…Thisisgoodvaluebecause…IfIhaveachoiceI’dchoose…becauseWhatistheadvantageof…?Youneedto…Inpairsyouaretomakeupadialoguetoargueeachotherintooroutadoptingorganicfarming.Iwillarguewithyourmonitor,LiangBochao.Getstarted.III.GuidedwritingWritingaposterWritingaposterwhichincludesalltheinformationabouttheusesofcomputersothatyouwillencouragemorefarmerstobuyanduse.YouareaskedtobaseyourposterontheoverallpatternofthearticleyoulearnedOrganicFarming.Limityourpostertobetween200and250words.WritingaspeechWriteaspeechforProfessorYuanLongping.Heistoattendaninternationalconferenceonmodernagriculture.Youmayalsomakeuseofthelibraryandnetworkresourcesforthetask.IV.FurtherapplyingFindinginformationReadonlinetofindasmuchinformationaspossibleaboutProfessorYuanLongpingandhisresearchgroup.Shareyourfindingswithyoupartnernexttimeyouarehere.WritingareportGobackhometointerviewyourparentsoryourgrandparentsaboutChina’sagriculture,itspastandpresentsituations.WriteareportinEnglishinabout500wordsasaweeklyproject.ActingatextplayTurneitheroneofthetwoarticlesintoatextplay.Rehearseitandplayitinfrontoftheclass.Theplayshalllastatleast10minutes.IV.ClosingdownClosingdownbyfillingaformToendtheperiodpleasefillintheformbelow.Whatisorganicfarming?definitioncharacteristicspotentialsClosingdownbyimagingImagineandwriteaboutwhattheagriculturewillbelike50yearsfromnowinthefuture.Useyourimaginationtocompetefor“wildthinkingprize”.PartTwo:TeachingResources(第二部分：教学资源)1．AtextstructureanalysisofAPIONEERFORALLPEOPLEI.TypeofwritingandsummaryoftheideaTypeofwritingThisisapieceofnarrativewriting.MainideaofthepassageBeingaagricultureprofessorYuanLongpinghasbeensearchingforawaytoincreasericeharvestswithoutexpandingtheareaoffields.Superhybridriceinventedbyhisgroupturnsouttobethebestwayout.Thusheisgiventhenameof“FatherofHybridRice”.Topicsentenceof1stparagraphDr.Yuangrowswhatiscalledsuperhybridrice.Topicsentenceof2ndparagraphYuan’shybridriceproducesharveststwiceaslargeasbefore.Topicsentenceof3rdparagraphProfessorYuangivesmillionsofyuantoequipothersfortheirresearchinagriculture.Topicsentenceof4thparagraphDr.Yuandreamsthathisricecanbeexportedtomoreforeigncountries.II.AtreediagramofAPIONEERFORALLPEOPLEYuan:pioneertogrowsuperhybridriceYuan:pioneertogrowsuperhybridrice(para1) Findingwaystogrowmorericesince1953(para2)Findingwaystogrowmorericesince1953(para2)Yuanhasadream:exporthisricetomorecountries.(para4)Yuanhasadream:exporthisricetomorecountries.(para4)Yuanhelpsotherswiththeirresearchinagriculture.(para3) III.AretoldpassageofthetextofAPIONEERFORALLPEOPLEApossibleversionYuanLongpingisamanwhoworkstheland,doeshisresearchandgrowshybridrice.Heisanagriculturalpioneertohaveahighoutputofricewithoutexpandingtheareaoffields.Hedevoteshiswholelifetofindingwaystoincreasethericeoutput,tofeedboththeChineseandtheworldpeople.Heiscirculatinghisknowledgesothatmorefarmerscanbefreefromhungerandsatisfiedwiththeirlives.Yuancareslittleabouthismoneyandfame.Hekeepshistimeforteachingfarmersandgrowingrice.Hewishformorecheepriceforallthepeople.YuanLongpingisagreatperson.2．BackgroundinformationonWomenofachievementI.YuanLongping,21:59:30XinHuaNewsService)CHANGSHA,February19(Xinhuanet)--Itsayseveryscientistcherishesachildhooddreamindicatinghisorherfuturesuccess,butforYuanLongping,dubbedas"fatherofhybridrice,"thedreamisthathecultivatesriceasplumpaspeanuts,andfarmerscanrelaxinthecoolshadowofbigriceplants.Yuan,71,wona5millionyuanStateSupremeScienceandTechnologyAwardtoday,knownastheNobelPrizeinChina,forhisoutstandingachievementsinbreedinghigh-yieldhybridrice,whichhassubstantiallyincreasedChina'sgrainoutput.Yuancameupwiththeideaofhybridizingriceforthefirsttimeintheworldin1960s.Sincethen,50percentofChina'stotalricecultivationfieldshavegrownsuchrice,whichaddedsome300billionkilogramstothecountry'sgrainoutput.Furrowsgrownonhissunburntface,aslimfigureandcoiled-uptrouserslegswouldconfuseforeignreporterswhocametointerviewthemostfamousscientistinChina,whowouldratherbecalled"afarmer."Indeed,likemanyChinesefarmers,Yuaninhis70sandhasdevotedmostofhislifegrowingriceinpaddyfields,butunlikethosefarmers,hereapstheseedfromexperimentalfieldsonlyforhybridizingrice.Theurbanite-turned-farmergraduatedfromSouthwestAgricultureIsorganicfoodsafe?

Yes.Organicfoodisassafetoconsumeasanyotherkindoffood.Justaswithanykindofproduce,consumersshouldwashbeforeconsumingtoensuremaximumcleanliness.Ascitedabove,organicproducecontainssignificantlylowerlevelsofpesticideresiduesthanconventionalproduce.ItisacommonmisconceptionthatorganicfoodcouldbeatgreaterriskofE.colicontaminationbecauseofrawmanureapplicationalthoughconventionalfarmerscommonlyapplytonsofrawmanureaswellwithnoregulationwhatsoever.Organicstandardssetstrictguidelinesonmanureuseinorganicfarming:eitheritmustbefirstcomposted,oritmustbeappliedatleast90daysbeforeharvest,whichallowsampletimeformicrobialbreakdownofanypathogens.BylendinghisnametotheLongpingHigh-tech,aseedcompany,Yuanobtaineda5percentstake,ormillionsharesworth2millionyuan,inthefirm.However,Yuansaidhisresearchrequiresthelifestyleofafarmer,orratheramigratingfarmer,ashehasconductedextensiveresearchrelatedtothecultivationofnewstrainsofhybridrice"SuperHybridRice"insome10provinces.Intheyear1999,morethan300billionkilogramsofgrainwereincreasedfromabout240millionhectaresofhybridrice,whichsignifiedthesuccessofhisresearch.AndthismadeYuanfirmlybelievethatChinacansurelyfeedherbillionpopulationwithherlimitedcultivatedland.The"SuperRice"yieldsare30percenthigherthanthoseofcommonrice.Therecordyieldof17,055kilogramsperhectarewasregisteredinYongshengCountyinYunnanin1999.ButevenafterthatachievementYuanwon'ttakeabreak.Hehasadream,morerealisticthanthatofhisyoungage,thatpopularizingnewstrainsofgrainwithhigheryieldsaroundtheworld,caneliminatestarvationonearth.TheUNFoodandAgricultureOrganization(FAO)hasvowedtogetinvolvedintheworkofspreadingthecoverageofYuan'shigh-yieldhybridrice,whichitconsidersthebestwaytoincreasetheworld'sgrainoutput.Howdoorganicfarmersfertilizecrops?Howdotheycontrolpests,diseases,andweeds?

Organicfarmersbuildhealthysoilsbynourishingthelivingcomponentofthesoil,themicrobialinhabitantsthatrelease,transform,andtransfernutrients.Soilorganicmattercontributestogoodsoilstructureandwater-holdingcapacity.Organicfarmersfeedsoilbiotaandbuildsoilstructureandwater-holdingcapacity.Organicfarmersfeedsoilbiotaandbuildsoilorganicmatterwithcovercrops,compost,andbiologicallybasedsoilamendments.Theseproducehealthyplantsthatarebetterabletoresistdiseaseandinsectpredation.Organicfarmers'primarystrategyincontrollingpestsanddiseasesispreventionthroughgoodplantnutritionandmanagement.Organicfarmersusecovercropsandsophisticatedcroprotationstochangethefieldecology,effectivelydisruptinghabitatforweeds,insects,anddiseaseorganisms.Weedsarecontrolledthroughcroprotation,mechanicaltillage,andhand-weeding,aswellasthroughcovercrops,mulches,flameweeding,andothermanagementmethods.Organicfarmersrelyonadiversepopulationofsoilorganisms,beneficialinsects,andbirdstokeeppestsincheck.Whenpestpopulationsgetoutofbalance,growersimplementavarietyofstrategiessuchastheuseofinsectpredators,matingdisruption,trapsandbarriers.UndertheNationalOrganicRule,growersarerequiredtousesanitationandculturalpracticesfirstbeforetheycanresorttoapplyingamaterialtocontrolaweed,pestordiseaseproblem.Useofthesematerialsinorganicproductionisregulated,strictlymonitored,anddocumented.Asalastresort,certainbotanicalorothernon-syntheticpesticidesmaybeapplied.TheFAO's1991statisticsshowthat20percentoftheworld'sriceoutputwasyieldedfrom10percentoftheworld'sricefields,whichgrowhybridrice."Ifthenewstrainwassownintherestofthericeacreage,thepresentgrainoutputaroundtheworldcanbemorethandoubled.Thiscanbeasolutiontothegrainshortage,"saidtheunselfishscientist.In1980,YuanwenttotheUnitedStatesattheinvitationoftheInternationalRiceResearchInstitutetosharehisknowledgeaboutthecultivationtechnologyofhybridrice.Hewasalsoemployedin1991asthechiefconsultantofFAOtobringhisresearchmethodstoothercountries.WiththehelpofChinesescientists,theacreageofhybridriceinVietNamandIndiaincreasedto200,000hectaresand150,000hectaresin1999,respectively.Thericeresearchcoststimetoproveitsvalue.Attheageof43,Yuancultivatedtheworld'sfirsthybridrice.Atthattimethecountry'sgrainyieldwasabout4,500kilogramperhectare."ThenaturaldisasterandpolicymiscarriagefurtherdeterioratedstarvationinChinabythen,"Yuanrecalledtearfully.Thisishismotivationtostimulatehisresearch.Largelyduetohisscientificprogress,China'stotalriceoutputrosefrom5.69billiontonsin1950tobilliontonslastyear.Thegrowthrateofriceoutputfarexceededthepopulationgrowthspeed.SomepeopleestimateYuan'sactualfortunemightamounttomorethan100millionyuan(12million.dollars),makinghimoneoftherichestpeopleinChina.Buthedoesn'tknowforsurehimself,forheseemsnottocareabouthisownassetsthanthericeharvest.Somepeopleaskedhimtomovethefocusofhisresearchfromimprovingamountsofhybridricetothequalityandtaste,whichwouldbeeasiertodo.But,thestubbornacademicianinsistedthattheamountofhybridrice'sperunityieldstilloutweighsthequality,forhisforemosttaskistoimprovethegrainreserveindevelopingcountries.Enditem2.Whatisorganicfarming?

Organicreferstoagriculturalproductionsystemsusedtoproducefoodandfiber.Allkindsofagriculturalproductsareproducedorganically,includingproduce,grains,meat,dairy,eggs,fiberssuchascotton,flowers,andprocessedfoodproducts.Organicfarmingmanagementreliesondevelopingbiologicaldiversityinthefieldtodisrupthabitatforpestorganisms,andthepurposefulmaintenanceandreplenishmentofsoilfertility.Organicfarmersarenotallowedtousesyntheticpesticidesorfertilizers.Someoftheessentialcharacteristicsoforganicsystemsinclude:designandimplementationofan"organicsystemplan"thatdescribesthepracticesusedinproducingcropsandlivestockproducts;adetailedrecordkeepingsystemthattracksallproductsfromthefieldtopointofsale;andmaintenanceofbufferzonestopreventinadvertentcontaminationfromadjacentconventionalfields.3．WordsandexpressionsfromUnit2WorkingthelandI.WordsforReadinghungern.饥饿，欲望；vt.&vi.(使)饥饿：feelhunger,dieofhunger,haveahungerforfame，hungerfor[after]friends渴望朋友sunburnvt.&vi.日晒：Shesunburnseasily.她很容易晒黑。getsunburnt晒黑sunburnta.晒黑的：asunburntfacestrugglevt.&vi.斗争，努力：struggletogetout，strugglewith[against]…,strugglefor…supera.特级的：asuperstar,asupersoftware,asuperhighwayhybrida.混合的：hybridnews,HybridcarstakeholdinUS.混合（动力）汽车登陆美国市场。outputn.产量，输出：thedailyoutputofafactory,themonthlyoutputofTVsetsstrainn.种类：comeofagoodstrain出自名门，newHIVstrain爱滋病新变种expandvt.&vi.使变大：expandone’swings,expandone’sbusiness,expand…into…,expandinto…circulatevt.&vi.循环，传播：Bloodcirculatesinthebody.,Hecirculatedafalserumor.rid…of摆脱，除去：Wehavetoridthegardenofweeds.AtlastI’mridofdebt.satisfieda.满意的：besatisfiedwith…,besatisfiedtodosth.,besatisfiedof…确信……，besatisfiedthat…确信……leada…life：过……生活equipvt.&vi.配备：equipsb.with…给某人配上，beequippedwith…freedomn.自由：havethefreedomtodosth.,freedomofspeech,enjoyfreedomfrompoverty享受免于贫困的生活/TheFrenchphilosop