2023年英语专八阅读试题辅导附答案

第页共页2023年英语专八阅读试题辅导附答案2023年英语专八阅读试题辅导附答案Awisemanoncesaidthattheonlythingnecessaryforthetriumphofevilisforgoodmentodonothing.So,asapoliceofficer,Ihavesomeurgentthingstosaytogoodpeople.DayafterdaymymenandIstruggletoholdbackatidalwaveofcrime.Somethinghasgoneterriblywrongwithouronce-proudAmericanwayoflife.Ithashappenedintheareaofvalues.Akeyingredientisdisappearing,andIthinkIknowwhatitis:accountability.Accountabilityisn’thardtodefine.Itmeansthateverypersonisresponsibleforhisorheractionsandliablefortheirconsequences.Ofthemanyvaluesthatholdcivilizationtogether--honesty,kindness,andsoon--accountabilitymaybethemostimportantofall.Withoutit,therecanbenorespect,notrust,nolaw--and,ultimately,nosociety.Myjobasapoliceofficeristoimposeaccountabilityonpeoplewhorefuse,orhaveneverlearned,toimposeitonthemselves.Butaseverypolicemanknows,externalcontrolsonpeople’sbehaviorarefarlesseffectivethaninternalrestraintssuchasguilt,shameandembarrassment.Fortunatelytherearestillmunities--smallertowns,usually--whereschoolsmaintaindisciplineandwhereparentsholdupstandardsthatproclaim:“Inthisfamilycertainthingsarenottolerated--theysimplyarenotdone!”Yetmoreandmore,especiallyinourlargercitiesandsuburbs,theseinnerrestraintsareloosening.Yourtypicalrobberhasnone.Heconsidersyourpropertyhisproperty;hetakeswhathewants,includingyourlifeifyouenragehim.Themaincauseofthisbreak-downisaradicalshiftinattitudes.Thirtyyearsago,ifacrimewasmitted,societywasconsideredthevictim.Now,inashockingreversal,it’sthecriminalwhoisconsideredvictimized:byhisunderprivilegedupbringing,bytheschoolthatdidn’tteachhimtoread,bythechurchthatfailedtoreachhimwithmoralguidance,bytheparentswhodidn’tprovideastablehome.WeinAmericadesperatelyneedmorepeoplewhobelievethatthepersonwhomitsacrimeistheoneresponsibleforit.习题1.Whatthewisemansaidsuggeststhat________.[A]it’sunnecessaryforgoodpeopletodoanythinginfaceofevil[B]it’scertainthatevilwillprevailifgoodmendonothingaboutit[C]it’sonlynaturalforvirtuetodefeatevil[D]it’sdesirableforgoodmentokeepawayfromevil2.Accordingtotheauthor,ifapersonisfoundguiltyofacrime,________.[A]societyistobeheldresponsible[B]moderncivilizationisresponsibleforit[C]thecriminalhimselfshouldbeartheblame[D]thestandardsoflivingshouldbeimproved3.paredwiththoseinsmalltowns,peopleinlargecitieshave________.[A]lessself-discipline[B]bettersenseofdiscipline[C]moremutualrespect[D]lesseffectivegover____ent4.Thewriterissorrytohavenoticedthat________.[B]peopleinsmalltownsstillsticktoolddisciplineandstandards[C]today’ssocietylackssympathyforpeopleindifficulty[D]peopleindisadvantagedcircumstancesareengagedincriminalactivities5.Thekeypointofthepassageisthat________.[A]stricterdisciplineshouldbemaintainedinschoolsandfamilies[B]moregoodexlesshouldbesetforpeopletofollow[C]morerestrictionsshouldbeimposedonpeople’sbehavior[D]morepeopleshouldacceptthevalueofaccountability全文翻译一位智者曾说过，邪恶的成功就是仁慈之人无所作为。所以，所为一名警察，我有一些话急需告诉仁慈的人们。日复一日，我和我的同事尽力控制犯罪的蔓延。我们曾经引以为荣的美国生活方式出现了可怕的问题。这个问题处在我们的价值观方面。一个关键的成分正在消失，我想，我知道它是什么——责任感。责任感不难定义。它指的是人人要对其行为负责，并承当其行为造成的后果。责任感可能是形成文明的众多观价值观(仁慈，仁慈等)中最重要的一个。没有它，就没有尊重、信任、法律——最终也就没有社会的存在。作为一名警察，我的工作就是把责任感强行加到那些回绝承当、或自己没有学会承当责任的人身上。但正如每一位警察都知道的，对人行为的外部控制远不如自我约束(如罪反感，羞耻心和难为情)有效。幸运的是，在一些区域——通常是小城镇里，学校还维护纪律，父母还坚持原那么，称“有些事情在我们家是不能容忍的——你们绝不能去那样做!”但在越来越多的地方，尤其是大城市和郊区，这些自我约束力日渐松懈。抢劫犯不再是你认为的'抢劫犯。他认为你的财产就是他的财产;他拿走他想要的一切，当你触怒他时，他甚至会拿走你的生命。人们态度的根本变化造成了场面的完全崩溃。30年前，假设有罪行发生，人们认为受害者是社会。如今，人们的态度发生了惊人的变化：最犯被认为是受害者——童年饱受贫困折磨，学校没有教他读书，教堂没有给他以道德上的引导，父母没有给他提供一个安定的家。我不相信这些。同样不利的环境中长大的另外一些人为什么没有选择去犯罪?不让罪犯承当责任，甚至降低他们应承的责任，都会让我们的社会变成一个满是借口的社会，没有人愿意为任何事情承当责任。美国急待更多的人相信：应该为犯罪行为负责的人是罪犯自己重点句Awisemanoncesaidthattheonlythingnecessaryforthetriumphofevilisforgoodmentodonothing.So,asapoliceofficer,Ihavesomeurgentthingstosaytogoodpeople.该句意义：该句首先引用名言，借用权威之口，引出了话题，并且结合作者的身份引出了下文内容。我们也可以根据此句，结合考研写作的题目改写为：Awisemanoncesaidthattheonlythingnecessaryforthetriumphofevilisforgoodmentodonothing.So,asastudent,Ihavesomeurgentthingstosaytogoodpeople.习题答案答案:BCAAD1.Whatthewisemansaidsuggeststhat_____.1.智者的话说明_________。[A]it’sunnecessaryforgoodpeopletodoanythinginfaceofevil[A]面对邪恶，好人什么都不必做[B]it’scertainthatevilwillprevailifgoodmendonothingaboutit[B]假设好人无动于衷，邪恶就会猖獗[C]it’sonlynaturalforvirtuetodefeatevil[C]善自然会战胜恶[D]it’sdesirableforgoodmentokeepawayfromevil[D]好人应该远离邪恶2.Accordingtotheauthor,ifapersonisfoundguiltyofacrime,_____________.2.作者认为，假设有人被发现有罪，那么__________.[A]societyistobeheldresponsible[A]社会应该对此负责[B]moderncivilizationisresponsibleforit[B]现代文明应该对此负责[C]thecriminalhimselfshouldbeartheblame[C]罪犯本人应该为此负责[D]thestandardsoflivingshouldbeimproved[D]生活程度应该进步3.paredwiththoseinsmalltowns,peopleinlargecitieshave________.3.和小城镇相比，大城市的人________。[A]lessself-discipline[A]缺少自我约束[B]bettersenseofdiscipline[B]有更好的自律精神[C]moremutualrespect[C]更互相尊重[D]lesseffectivegover____ent[D]缺少一个有效的ZF4.Thewriterissorrytohavenoticedthat_______.4.作者感到遗憾是因为看到_____________。[A]大城市的人常常为罪犯找借口[B]peopleinsmall