英语语法词汇汇总薄冰版

英语语法术语汇总(薄冰版)Chapter1Introduction(绪论)实词notionalword虚词formword1.2词类实词六类.名词noun.代词pronoun.形容词adjective.数词numeral.动词verb.副词adverb虚词四类.冠词articleart..介词preposition.连词conjunction.感叹词interjectionint.短语词类.短语动词phrasalverb.短语介词phrasalpreposition.短语连词phrasalconjunction.3句子成分(membersofsentence).主语subject.谓语predicateverb.表语predicative.宾语object.定语attribute.状语adverbial.补语complement.同位语appositive句子独立成分independentelementsofthesentence.4短语(phrase).名词短语nounphrase.动词短语verbphrase.形容词短语adjectivalphrase.副词短语adverbialphrase.介词短语prepositionalphrase.不定式短语infinitivephrase.动名词短语gerundialphrase.分词短语 participialphrase固定词组setphrase1.5从句(clause、subordinateclause).主语从句 subjectclause.表语从句 predicativeclause.宾语从句 objectclause.定语从句 attributiveclause.状语从句 adverbialclause.6句子(sentence)基本结构.主语+谓语SV.主语+连系动词+表语SLP.主语+谓语+宾语SVO.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语SVOO.主语+谓语+主语补语SVC.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补语SVOC句子结构分简单句 simplesentence并列句 compoundsentence复合句complexsentence并歹列复合句compoundcomplexsentence句子目的或用途分.陈述句declarativesentence.疑问句interrogativesentence.祈使句imperativesentence.感叹句exclamatorysentenceChapter2名词(noun)2.2专有名词(propernoun)和普通名词(commonnoun)普通名词分类.分类名词classnoun.集体名词collectivenoun.物质名词materialnoun.抽象名词abstractnoun可数名词(countablenoun)和不可数名词(uncountablenoun)简单名词(simplenoun)与复合名词(compoundnoun)名词化(substantivization)名词的不规则复数形式群体名词nounofmultitude格的种类.主格nominativecase

.宾格objectivecase.属格genitivecase通格commoncase(名词的主宾格形式相同).30双重属格doublegenitive冠词(article)定冠词(definitearticle)、不定冠词(indefinitearticle)和零冠词(zeroarticle)限定词determiner专指specific类指generic代词(pronoun).2代词的种类.人称代词personalpronoun.物主代词possessivepronoun.自身代词selfpronoun.相互代词reciprocalpronoun.指示代词demonstrativepronoun.疑问代词interrogativepronoun.关系代词relativepronoun.不定代词indefinitepronoun39缩合代词的形式与功用缩合连接代词condensedconjunctivepronoun48要避免乱用代词话语discourse数词(numeral)基数词cardinalnumeral序数词ordinalnumeral动词动词的特征.时态tense.语态voice.语气mood.语气mood.体aspect6.2动词的分类.及物动词.不及物动词.连系动词.反身动词.实义动词.助动词.限定动词.非限定动词transitiveverbintransitiveverblinkverbreflexiveverbnotionalverbauxiliaryverbfiniteverbnon-finiteverb.短语动词phrasalverb9动词的体动态动词dynamicverb静态动词stativeverb10动词的基本形式1.动词原形 .短语动词phrasalverb9动词的体动态动词dynamicverb静态动词stativeverb10动词的基本形式1.动词原形 verbstem第三人称单数现在式thirdpersonsingularpresenttenseform过去式 pasttenseform过去分词 pastparticiple现在分词 presentparticiple11不规则动词.规则动词 regularverb.不规则动词 irregularverbChapter7动词的时态（tense）.现在一般时.过去一般时.一般将来时ThePresentTensethepasttensethefuturetense.一般过去将来时.现在进行时.过去进行时.将来进行时thepastfuturetensethepresentcontinuoustensethepastContinuousTensethefuturecontinuoustense.过去将来进行时thepastfuturecontinuoustense.现在完成时.过去完成时.将来完成时.过去将来完成时.现在完成进行时.过去完成进行时.将来完成进行时thePresentPerfectTensethePastPerfectTensethefutureperfecttensethepastfutureperfecttensethepresentperfectcontinuoustensethepastperfectcontinuoustensethefutureperfectcontinuoustense16.过去将来完成进行时thepastfutureperfectcontinuoustenseChapter8被动语态8.1语态voice1.主动语态activevoice2.被动语态passivevoicChapter9助动词9.2助动词的种类1.时态助动词tenseauxiliary.助动词doauxiliary.情态助动词modalauxiliaryChapter10非限定动词

10.1非限定动词的含义与种类非限定动词non-finiteverb限定动词finiteverb不定式 infinitive动名词 gerund分词 participle*10.6不定式的形式带to的不定式to-infinitive不带to的不定式bareinfinitiveChapter11虚拟语气11.1语气及语气的种类语气mood.直陈语气indicativemood.祈使语气imperativemood3.虚拟语气 subjunctivemoodChapter12形容词和副词12.12形容词和副词的比较级.原级positivedegree.比较级comparativedegree.最高级superlativedegreeChapter13介词、连词和感叹词13.2介词的种类1.简单介词simplepreposition.复合介词compoundpreposition.二重介词doublepreposition.短语介词phrasalpreposition.分词介词participlepreposition13.8连词的概说构成分：.简单连词simpleconjunction.关联连词correlativeconjunction.分词连词participialconjunction.短语连词phrasalconjunction性质分：.等立连词co-ordinativeconjunction.从属连词subordinativeconjunctionChapter15句子的种类5.3疑问句一般疑问句generalquestion.特殊疑问句specialquestion.选择疑问句alternativequestion.附加疑问句tagquestion.修辞性疑问句rhetoricalquestion.感叹疑问句exclamatoryquestion.反问句echoquestionChapter16句子的类型adverbialclauseoftime16.8状语从句(adverbialclause)1.时间状语从句adverbialclauseoftime.地点状语从句..地点状语从句.原因状语从句.结果状语从句.程度状语从句.目的状语从句.条件状语从句.条件状语从句.让步状语从句.方式状语从句.比较状语从句adverbialclauseofconcessionadverbialclauseofmanneradverbialclauseofcomparisonChapter20数的一致C