2021年河南省新乡市高考英语三模试卷

2021年河南省新乡市高考英语三模试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）

A

EachweekVisitIndypublishessomeeventsfortheupcomingweekend.Herearesomeofthem.

FanPoweredWorldTour

HarlemGlobetrotters,theworld-famousbasketbailstarscelebratetheirfansonthistourwith

moreinteractiveexperiencesthaneverbefore.Youhavetwoopportunitiestocatchtheshowas

theGlobetrottersfacetheWashingtonGeneralsonbothFridayandMondayatBankersLife

Fieldhouse.Ticketsare$26andup.

BasketballDayofIndiana

Indiana'sloveofbasketballisfamous,andSaturday'scelebrationwillpleasefansfromhigh

schooltocollege.BankersLifeFieldhousehostshighschoolgirlsandboysplayingduringthe

afternoon.YouwillwatchthegamebetweenPacersandtheDallasMaverickstherethat

evening.Ticketsstartat$22.

MLKDayCelebration

HonorthememoryofDr,Kingaslocalartistspresentpoetry,music,anddancethatshowthe

themeoflove.Dr.Kingfeltitwasimportanttocommunicatewitheachotherinordertobreak

downbarriers.VisitorstotheSunday'sfreeprograminNewfieldsareadvisedtodothatvia

socialactivitiesandbyparticipatinginadonationdrive.

JingleRails

GetyourpleasureonRoute66foronefinalweekendthisseason.SeeMt.Rushmore,Old

FaithfulandtheGrandCanyon,aswellaslocaltreasureslikeMonumentCircle,HilbertCircle

Theatre,andtheIndianaStateFair.Ticketsstartat$33.

1.Wherecanyouwatchbasketballgames?

A.OnMt.Rushmore.B.InNewfields.

C.AtBankersLifeFieldhouse.D.IntheGrandCanyon.

2.Whicheventisfreeofcharge?

A.MLKDayCelebration.B.BasketballDayofIndiana.

C.FanPoweredWorldTour.D.JingleRails.

3.WhatcanyoudoafterparticipatinginJingleRails?

A.Haveatalkwithstars.B.Visitplacesofinterest.

C.Volunteerforacharity.D.LivewithLocalpeople.

B

WhenIwasyoung,Ihadawrongunderstandingofbeinggreat.IbelievedIwasspecialand

differentandshouldberichandfamousbecauseofmytalent.Iwasgoingtolivemydream

ratherthanbeinga“normal"person.Butastimepassed,realitysetinandmyperspective

changed.

lamateacher,mamedtoasalesmanwithababyandamortgage（按揭贷款）.Couldmylife

bemorenormal?Yet,Iamokaywiththis.

WereItohaveaconversationwithmytwenty-year-oldself,shewouldn'tunderstandwhyI'm

notgoingtoNYCtogetanaudition（试演）.Infouryearsmycoworkershaveneverheardme

sing.IfI'dboughtahouse,itshouldhavebeeninaninterestingneighborhoodwithcoffee

housesateverycorner.ShewouldlaughatthecornerhouseintheneighborhoodInowcall

home.

ButIknowthingsshedidnTknow.Lifeissomuchmorecomplicated,wonderfulandterrible.I

knowwhatitmeanstoworkforlove,notjustsittingbackandlettingithappenthewayitcan

whenyou'reyoung.Iknowaboutbringinglifeintotheworld,andthecomplexityofemotions.

Mylifeissimple.Itissmall,andmayseeminterchangeablewithsomanyotherlivesthere.I

maynevermakeanimpactoutsidemyhouse.ButFvelearneditisimportanttoberelative.To

mylittlegirl,Iamirreplaceable.Whenshecries,shecallsfor"Mama".Whenshereachesout,

it'sformealone.So,isitasmalllife?It'sperfectlyfinetome.Infact,Ithinkit'swhatI've

wantedallalong.

4.Whatwastheauthorlikewhenshewasyoung?

A.Shewasbrave.B.Shewashonest.

C.Shewasproud.D.Shewascautious.

5.Whydoestheauthorimaginetalkingtohertwenty-year-oldself?

A.Torevealthekeytohersuccess.

B.Toshowshehasbecomemature.

C.Toproveherdreamhascometrue.

D.Tointroduceherpresentunhappiness.

6.Whatistheauthor'spresentfbcus?

第2页，共21页

A.Caringforherfamily.

B.Openingherhearttotheworld.

C.Livingwithherdaughterspecially.

D.Learningthecomplexityofemotions.

7.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinthetext?

A.Wecanbetheonewefeelsatisfiedwith.

B.Wecanachieveourdreamsifweworkhard.

C.Weshouldkeepincontactwithourfamilies.

D.Wewillcomebacktoanormallifesomeday.

c

Inrecentyears,Ethiopiahasbecomearegionalleaderinsolidwastemanagement.Lastyear,

thecountrytransformedthelandfill（垃圾填埋场）inAddisAbabaintoanewwaste-to-energy

plant,thefirstsuchprojectonthecontinent.Theplantincineratesupto1,400tonnesofwaste

everyday,about80percentofthecity*srubbish,supplyingthecapitalwith25percentofits

householdelectricityneeds.

However,despitetheseimportantsteps,challengesremaininEthiopia.Althoughthecountry

haspermittedtheBasel,StockholmandRotterdamconventions,lawsandpoliciesfor

environmentallysoundmanagementofhazardous（有害的）wastesarestillnoteffectivein

preventinglitteringwasteillegally.

TohelpEthiopiameetthesechallenges,theChemicalsandWasteManagementProgramis

supportingthecountrywithathree-yearprojecttoenhanceitscapacityforsoundmanagement

ofhazardouswastes.

Intheinitialstages,aprojectmanagementunitwillbeformed,madeupofmanyrepresentatives

fromgovernmentdepartmentsandprivateorganizations.Thisunitwillberesponsiblefor

reviewingandassessingEthiopia'scurrentlegalsystem,which,despitenumerousadvancesin

recentyears,doesnotspecificallytargettherecyclingofhazardouswaste.Oncelegalgapsare

identified,theprojectwillseektoupdateexistingpoliciesandstrategies.

ManypeopleinEthiopiaarenotawareofthepossibleeffectofenvironmentaldamageandthe

needtoreportsuchcrimestothepolice.Toresolvethispressingissue,Ethiopiawillbe

conductingaseriesofcapacity-buildingactivities,includingcreatingawareness-raising

programs,trainingtrainersandprovidingequipment.

Ethiopiawillalsoworktoestablishanationalmechanismforchemicalsandwaste

managementbyengaginggovernmentdepartmentsandcivilsocietygroups.Authoritieswill

alsomakebudgetaryprovisions（预算拨款）innational,regionalandinstitutionalplanningto

ensurefundingfortheseactivitiesissustainableevenaftertheproject'scompletion.

8.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword"incinerates”inparagraph1?

A.producesB.gathersC.burnsD.absorbs

9.WhafsthemainproblemofEthiopiainwastemanagement?

A.Thefundsarenotsufficient.

B.Theshortageofworkersissevere.

C.Thepollutionlevelistoohigh.

D.Therelevantlawsarenotsound.

10.WhatwillEthiopiadotohelpthenativesprotecttheenvironment?

A.Raisetheirenvironmentalawareness.

B.Callonthemtostartsomeprograms.

C.Rewardthemwithbudgetaryprovisions.

D.Restricttheirenvironmentalmovement

11.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?

A.Ethiopiaisfacingseriousenvironmentalproblems.

B.Ethiopiaisputtingeffortsintowastemanagement.

C.Ethiopiahasachievedsuccessinwastemanagement.

D.Ethiopiahasreducedenvironmentalpollutionlevels.

D

HereonEarthwheremostofuslive,wespendaboutathirdofeverydaylyingdownsleeping

andtwo-thirdsstandingorsittinginanuprightposition.

That'snotreallyhowitgoesinspacewhenpeopleareweightlessandthezerogravity

environmentcausesmoreliquidtoshifttothehead.Facesgetswollen,legslosevolumeand

appeartobesmaller.Manyastronautshavecomplainedofeyeandbackproblemsaftercoming

backdowntoEarthanditsgravity.

Andnowscientistssaytheyhavediscoveredsomenewriskswithlong-termspaceflight.A

studypublishedrecentlyinJAMANetworkOpen,amedicaljournal,examined11healthy

astronautswhohadbeenontheInternationalSpaceStationforsixmonths.Eightofthemhad

unusualcharacteristicsobservedintheirblood.Forinstance,sixoftheastronautshadreverse

（反向的）bloodflowfromtheirheads.

第4页，共21页

Theleadauthorofthestudysayshedoesn*tknowifthat'sactuallyharmful.Thebloodisstill

leavingtheheadfromotherpathways,soflowingbackwardsthroughajugularvein（颈静脉）

maynotbedangerous.Buthesaysitdoesshowachangeinhowbloodmovesthroughthebody

whileinspace.

Anotherissuethestudyfoundwasbloodclots（凝块）.Oneastronauthadone.Another

showedsignsofapartialbloodclot.Thatispotentiallyharmfulastheclotscanblocktheflow

ofbloodtothelungs.Theastronautwhohadonewastreatedfortherestofthespaceflightand

madeithomesafely.

Whatdoesallthismean?Well,oneresearchersaystheseissueshaveprobablybeen

occurringsincehumansfirstwentintospaceandthattheywouldlikelyresolvethemselves

whenastronautscamebackdowntoEarth.Knowingaboutthemnowgivesdoctorssomething

elsetomonitorwhenpeopleleaveouratmosphere.

12.Whatcausesthephysicalproblemsforastronauts?

A.Sleepingforalongtime.B.Stayinginthespaceship.

C.Theshiftintheirbodies.D.Thezerogravityenvironment.

13.Howmanyissuesdidthestudynewlyfind?

A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.

14.Whatcanweknowaboutthebloodclot?

A.Itisathreattopeople'shealth.

B.Itwasfirstfoundbyastronauts.

C.Itisanewkindofdisease.

D.Itisacommonproblem.

15.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Doctorshaveanewtaskforastronauts

B.Zerogravitystopsastronautsflyinginspace

C.Newrisksarefoundinlong-termspaceflight

D.It'sdangerousforastronautstoflyintospace

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）

Personalprofilesareanexcellentwaytoexpressinformationintoasimpleformat.Hereare

somebasicstepsthatyou'llwanttofollow.

Sharepositivethings,butnotexcessive（过度的）.Everyonehasproblems,butnoonewants

toreadabunchofnegativesoul-searching.Don'tcomplain,orendlesslydescribeyourhealth

problems,relationshipdramas,kidproblems,etc.(1)

Takeprideinwhoyouareandwhatyouareallabout.Itisn'thelpfultocriticizeyourself.It

makespeopleuncomfortableandit*sannoyingtofeelthatyouhavetobuildupanotherperson*s

valueconstantly.(2)Noonecangetclosetoyou.Thegirlwhosayssheisfatandshy

relentlessly(无情地)willturnpeopleaway.

(3)Therearegroupswhobelievethattheirjobsaretoconverttheworldtotheir

waysofthinking.Althoughitmayseemurgent,thepersonalprofileisnotthevenuetoboast.It

willnotpromoteyourmessageinahealthyway.

Don*tadvertiseorsell.(4)Thepersonalprofileisaboutyouandshouldnotbeused

tomakemoney.Thesitesyouusemayputadson,butthatishowtheygeneratefundstokeep

thesitesfree.

(5)Thisisyourownlittlemessagetotheworld.Ifyouuseotherpeople'stipsto

makeaprofile,everyonecan.enjoythebenefits.

A.Writeinoutlineformat.

B.Don'tsayitinalongsentence.

C.It*simportanttoseekhelpbeforewriting.

D.Don'tuseyourprofileasaplacetoshowoff.

E.Self-criticismisreallyaformofcontroloverothers.

F.Ifyouneedcustomers,useaknownbusinessnetwork.

G.Peoplewhodothishavewarningsignsontheirprofiles.

16.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）

第6页，共21页

Once,arichmandrovehisexpensivecarwithfullspeed.Listeningtothemusic(1),

hedidn'tpayattentiontothetrafficsign.Suddenlyabadcaraccidenthappenedtohim.Hewas

(2)withbloodallover.Withthehelpofpassers-by,hewasadmittedtothebest(3)

ofthetown.

Whenheopenedhiseyes,hecouldn'tmovehisbodyevenaninch.Thedoctorcametohisbed

andasked"Howareyoufeeling,sir?”Heshookhisheadwithmuch(4).Thedoctor

softlycomfortedhimthathewouldcertainly(5)butitwouldtaketimebecauseofhis

(6)andseveralotherdiseases.

Fewdayslater,hecould(7)tospeak.Whenthedoctorvisitedhimagain,hebecame

too(8)andsaid,''Doctor,pleasedosomethingsothatIcanbe(9)thehospital.

Iwould(10)asmuchmoneyasyouwant.”

"Sir,Iamtryingmybestbut(11)therecoveringprocessis(12),"the

doctorcontinued,"Whiledriving,youaresupposedto(13)thetrafficregulations.

Thatyouarewealthydoesn*t(14)youcouldspendthemoneyasyoupleased.Your

unhealthyeatinghabitshavebroughtyousome(15),whichputyouintotrouble.

Whentheman(16)hispastdeeds,heregrettedforhisownacts.He(17)

thatmoneycoulddonothingbutsupplysometemporary(18).Wealthisnothing

beforehealth!Hefeltashamedofhis(19)!”Thankyouforyourguidance,doctor!

Please(20)myignorance!"

21.A.regularlyB.attentivelyC.confidentlyD.obviously

22.A.delightedB.unconcernedC.unconsciousD.thrilled

23.A.restaurantB.companyC.organizationD.hospital

24.A.difficultyB.satisfactionC.courageD.relief

25.A.succeedB.surviveC.recoverD.harvest

26.A.attitudesB.injuriesC.modelsD.disabilities

27.A.prepareB.happenC.continueD.manage

28.A.powerfulB.discouragedC.embarrassedD.impatient

29.A.releasedfromB.accustomedto

C.satisfiedwithD.addictedto

30.A.borrowB.collectC.spendD.earn

31.A.eventuallyB.unfortunatelyC.undoubtedlyD.unnecessarily

32.A.slowB.practicalC.differentD.normal

33.A.explainB.considerC.observeD.repeat

34.A.demandB.meanC.guaranteeD.prove

35.A.diseasesB.surprisesC.disadvantagesD.fears

36.A.comparedB.sharedC.discussedD.recalled

37.A.wonderedB.expectedC.realizedD.pretended

38.A.curiosityB.pleasureC.freedomD.stress

39.A.appearanceB.dishonestyC.anxietyD.pride

40.A.forgiveB.reconsiderC.criticizeD.punish

四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15・0分）

41.Themodern-dayhomesofakindofcave-livingspiderstracethelong-gonesouthern

limitsofglaciersatthetopofthelast(1)(majority)iceage,about22,000

yearsago.Somespecieslive(2)cold,humidcavesinthePyrenees,theAlpsand

theBalkanPeninsula,forminganarrowbandacrossEurope.Researchers(3)

(compare)thisrangewithgeologists'modelsofglaciercoverduringthelasticeageand

foundthebandalmost(4)(exact)matchedthemaximumsouthernedgesof

theglaciers,withonlyslightvariations.Anexpertsaysthecreaturesnotonlywouldlikely

nothavesurvivedificehadcoveredtheircaves,(5)theyalsoprobablycouldnot

havesurvivedthewarmertemperaturesfartherfromtheglaciers'edge,''Therewas(6)

balancebetweencoolconditionsandacavethatwasn'ttotally(7)

(cover),"henotes,"Whatyouseenow(8)(be)justtheshadowofalarger

ancestraldistribution.*'Thesespeciesareindicatorsofgeographicchangesincetheydon't

movemuchoveralifetimeoroverageneration.(9)(map)thedistributionof

cavespeciescouldactas(10)(addition)evidenceforresearchersinvestigating

pastclimateconditions.

五、短文改错(本大题共1小题，共10.0分)

42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文

中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删

除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

第8页，共21页

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Itwasaverybusyafternoon.Thestorewasfillwithmanypeople.Iselectafewthingsas

quicklyaspossiblebutthenwenttothecheckout.ThereIfoundmanypeoplewaitingtheir

orderstobecheckedout.Iwasworried,thinkinghewouldbelatetopickupmytwochild.

Justthen,anoldman,whichstoodinfrontofme,said,HYoudon'thavemanythings.Why

notjustgoinginfrontofme?""Thanks,butyoudon'thavemanyneither,"Isaid.Hejust

smiledandsteppedawaytomaketheroomforme.Iwassothankful.

六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）

43.假定你是李华，你的美国网友Mike来信说当地冬天，经常有暴风雪。为保证学生

安全，学校会在暴风雪天气停课。他向你咨询”停课在家是否应该上网课”，请用英

语写一封回信，内容包括：

1.你的看法；

2.你的理由。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.信的开头和结尾已为你写好。

答案和解析

1.【答案】

【小题1］C【小题2】A【小题3】B

［解析］(DC.细节理解题。根据BasketballDayofIndiana部分"

Indiana'sloveofbasketballisfamous,andSaturday'scelebrationwillpleasefansfromhighs

chooltocollege.BankersLifeFieldhousehostshighschoolgirlsandboysplaying

duringtheafternoon.YouwillwatchthegamebetweenPacersandtheDallasMavericksther

ethatevening.印第安纳州对篮球的热爱是众所周知的，周六的庆祝活动将取悦从高中到

大学的球迷.《银行家生活》杂志举办了高中女生和男生下午的游戏。你将在那里观看

步行者队和达拉斯小牛队当晚的比赛。”可知你在BankersLifeFieldhouse看篮球比赛。

故选C.

(2)A.细节理解题。根据MLKDayCelebration部分

"VisitorstotheSunday'sfreeprograminNewfieldsareadvisedtodothatviasocialactivities

andbyparticipatinginadonationdrive.星期天在纽菲尔德的免费活动的参观者被建议通

过社会活动和参与捐赠活动来做到这一点。"可知MLKDayCelebration是免费的。故选

A.

(3)B.推理判断题。根据JingleRails部分

"GetyourpleasureonRoute66foronefinalweekendthisseason.SeeMt.Rushmore,OldFa

ithfulandtheGrandCanyon,aswellaslocaltreasureslikeMonumentCircle,HilbertCircle

Theatre,andtheIndianaStateFair.参观拉什莫尔山、老忠实者和大峡谷，以及纪念碑圈、

希尔伯特圈剧院和印第安纳州博览会等当地珍宝。”在参加JingleRails之后能够参观名

胜。故选B.

本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了印第安纳州每周为即将到来的周末发布一些活动的详细

信息。

1.直接信息题：

直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。

2.间接信息题：

间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原

文信息进行转换。

第10页，共21页

3.综合信息题：

综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或

者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章

取义。

4.【答案】

【小题1】c【小题2】B【小题3】A【小题4】D

【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句和第三句"1believedIwasspecialand

differentandshouldberichandfamousbecauseofmytalent.Iwasgoingtolivemydream

ratherthanbeinga"normal"person.（我相信我是与众不同的，得益于我的才华，我会富

有和出名，我要实现我的梦想，而不是成为一个"普通"人。）"可知，作者小时候相信

自己是有天赋的，不会成为普通人，由此可以推断，作者年轻的时候是十分骄傲的。

A.Shewasbrave她很勇敢；B.Shewashonest她很诚实；C.Shewasproud.她很骄傲；

D.Shewascautious她很谨慎。故选C.

（2）B.推理判断题。根据文章第四段"ButIknowthingsshedidn'tknow.Lifeissomuch

morecomplicated,wonderfulandterrible.Iknowwhatitmeanstoworkforlove,notjustsitting

backandlettingithappenthewayitcanwhenyou'reyoung.Iknowaboutbringinglifeinto

theworld,andcomplexityofemotions.（但我知道她不知道的事情。生活是如此的复杂，

美妙和可怕。我知道为爱而工作意味着什么，而不仅仅是坐视不理，任由它以你年轻时

的方式发生。我知道如何将生命带入这个世界，以及情感的复杂性。）”可知，作者知

道了很多年轻的时候不知道的事情，而且生活十分复杂，由此可以推断出，作者变得更

加成熟了，且和二十岁的自己说话是想要展示自己已经更加成熟了，故选B.

（3）A.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段"Tomylittlegirl,Iamirreplaceable.Whenshecries,

shecallsfor"Mama".Whenshereachesout,it'sformealone.So,isitasmalllife?It'sperfectly

finetome.Infact,Ithinkit'swhatI'vewantedallalong.（对于我的小女儿，我是无可替代的。

当她哭的时候，她会叫妈妈。当她出去的时候，孤独的就是我。所以，这是一种很小的

生活吗？对我来说很好。事实上，我想这是我一直想要的。）“可知，作者一直想要的

是简单的生活，因此作者现在想要照顾好她的家庭，故选A.

（4）D.写作意图题。根据文章第一®"Butastimepassed,realitysetinandmyperspective

changed（但是随着时间的流逝，现实到来，我的观点也发生了改变。）”和文章最后一

段"Tomylittlegirl,Iamirreplaceable.Whenshecries,shecallsfor"Mama".Whenshe

reachesout,it'sformealone.So,isitasmalllife?It'sperfectlyfinetome.Infact,Ithinkit's

whatI'vewantedallalong.（对于我的小女儿，我是无可替代的。当她哭的时候，她会叫

妈妈。当她出去的时候，孤独的就是我。所以，这是一种很小的生活吗？对我来说很好。

事实上，我想这是我一直想要的。）“可知，作者长大后接受了自己的普通，也想告诉

我们总有一天我们也会接受自己的普通。A.Wecanbetheonewefeelsatisfiedwith我们

可以成为自己满意的人；B.Wecanachieveourdreamsifweworkhard如果我们努力，就

可以实现自己的梦想；C.Weshouldkeepincontactwithourfamilies我们要和家人保持联

系；D.Wewillcomebacktoanormallifesomeday我们总有天会回归到普通的生活。故

选D.

本文主要讲述了作者小时候相信自己是特别的，将来会因为天分而有名有钱，可是当作

者长大后，发现自己只是普通人，且接受了自己的普通。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑

关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章

未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作

者观点。

8.【答案】

【小题1]C【小题2】D【小题3】A【小题4】B

【解析】（1）C.词义猜测题。根据第一段划线词后文upto1,

400tonnesofwasteeveryday,about80percentofthecity'srubbish,supplyingthecapitalwi

th25percentofitshouseholdelectricityneeds.每天多达1400吨的垃圾，约占城市垃圾的

80%,为首都提供了25%的家庭用电需求。可知Theplantincinerates植物焚烧,

A.produces生产；B.gathers聚集；C.burns焚烧；D.absorbs吸收。故选C.

（2）D.细节理解题。根据第二段

However,despitetheseimportantsteps,challengesremaininEthiopia.Althoughthecountry

haspermittedtheBasel,StockholmandRotterdamconventions,lawsandpoliciesforenviron

mentallysoundmanagementofhazardous（有害的）

wastesarestillnoteffectiveinpreventinglitteringwasteillegally.然而，尽管采取了这些重

要步骤，埃塞俄比亚仍然面临挑战。尽管该国已批准巴塞尔公约、斯德哥尔摩公约和鹿

特丹公约、法律和政策，对危险废物实行无害环境管理垃圾仍然不能有效防止非法乱扔

垃圾。可知主要问题是法律不健全。故选D.

第12页，共21页

（3）A.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段

ManypeopleinEthiopiaarenotawareofthepossibleeffectofenvironmentaldamageandth

eneedtoreportsuchcrimestothepolice.Toresolvethispressingissue,Ethiopiawillbecon

ductingaseriesofcapacity-buildingactivities,includingcreatingawareness-raisingprograms

,trainingtrainersandprovidingequipment.埃塞俄比亚的许多人不知道环境破坏可能造成

的影响，也不知道有必要向警方报告这类罪行。为解决这一紧迫问题，埃塞俄比亚将开

展一系列能力建设活动，包括制定提高认识方案、培训教员和提供设备。可知埃塞俄比

亚通过提高环保意识，帮助当地人保护环境。故选A.

（4）B.推理判断题。通读这篇文章，本文主要介绍了埃塞俄比亚正在努力采取各种措

施进行废物管理。结合文章最后一

段Ethiopiawillalsoworktoestablishanationalmechanismforchemicalsandwastemanag

ementbyengaginggovernmentdepartmentsandcivilsocietygroups.Authoritieswill...after

theproject'scompletion.埃塞俄比亚还将通过政府部门和民间社会团体的参与，努力建立

化学品和废物管理的国家机制。当局还将提供预算经费在国家、区域和机构规划中，确

保这些活动的资金即使在项目完成后也是可持续的。故选B.

本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了埃塞俄比亚正在努力采取各种措施进行废物管理。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子

的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

12.【答案】

【小题1]D【小题2】B【小题3】A【小题4】C

【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第二段

That'snotreallyhowitgoesinspacewhenpeopleareweightlessandthezerogravityenviron

menlcausesmoreliquidtoshiftlothehead.当人们处于失重状态，零重力环境会导致更多

的液体转移到头部时，在太空中的情况并不是这样的。可知零重力环境给宇航员带来了

身体上的问题。故选D.

（2）B.细节理解题。根据第三段

Andnowscientistssaytheyhavediscoveredsomenewriskswithlong-termspaceflight.现

在科学家们说，他们发现了长期太空飞行的一些新风险。第三段和第四段是一个问题,

第五段开头Anotherissue是另一个问题，可知共两个问题。故选B.

（3）A.推理判断题。根据第五段

Thatispotentiallyharmfulastheclotscanblocktheflowofbloodtothelungs.这可能是有

害的，因为血栓会阻碍血液流向肺部。可知血凝块威胁着人们的健康。故选A.

（4）C.标题判断题。根据文章大意，全文主要介绍了长途太空旅行有了新的风险，会

带来的危险。C.Newrisksarefoundinlong-termspacefiight在长期太空飞行中发现了新

的风险，符合题意，故选C.

本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了长途太空旅行有了新的风险，会带来的危险。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子

的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

16.【答案】

【小题1】G【小题2】E【小题3】D【小题4】F【小题5】C

【解析】（DG.推理判断题。根据本段第一行"Sharepositivethings（分享积极的事）"

和空格前一句

"Don'tcomplain,orendlesslydescribeyourhealthproblems,relationshipdramas,kidproble

ms,etc.（不要抱怨或没完没了地描述你的健康问题、感情闹剧、孩子问题等等。）”

可知在个人资料中过度抱怨的人会留下不好的印象，此处讲的是这么做导致的不好的结

果；选项G意为"Peoplewhodothishavewarningsignsontheirprofiles.这样做的人在他们

的资料上有警告标志。”符合语境。故答案为G.

（2）E.推理判断题。根据本段第一行

"Itisn'thelpfultocriticizeyourself.Ilmakespeopleuncomfortableandit'sannoyingtofeelI

hatyouhavetobuildupanotherperson'svalueconstantly.（批评自己是没有用的。它让人

不舒服，让人觉得你必须不断建立别人的价值观，这很烦人。）"可知本段是在讲自我

批评，所以选项E"Self-criticismisreallyaformofcontroloverothers.自我批评实际是一

种控制别人的形式。“符合语境。故答案为E.

（3）D.标题归纳题。根据空格后

"Therearegroupswhobelievethattheirjobsaretoconverttheworldtotheirwaysofthinkin

g.Althoughitmayseemurgent,thepersonalprofileisnotthevenuetoboast.（有些人认为

他们的工作就是把世界转变成他们的思维方式。尽管这看起来是紧要的，但个人简介

并不是夸夸其谈的场所。）"可知选项D"Don'tuseyourprofileasaplacetoshowoff.不要

第14页，共21页

把你的档案当作一个炫耀的地方。”作为总起句，符合语境。故答案为D.

(4)F.推理判断题。根据空格前"Don、advertiseorsell.(不要做广告或销售。)"接下

来讲的是应该怎么做；可知选项F"Ifyouneedcustomers,useaknownbusinessnetwork.

如果你需要客户，用一个知名的商业网络。”符合语境。故答案为F.

(5)C.标题归纳题。根据空格后

"Thisisyourownlittlemessagetotheworld.Ifyouuseotherpeople'stipstomakeaprofile,

everyonecan.enjoythebenefits.(这是你自己给世界的小小的信息。如果你用别人的建

议来创建个人资料•，每个人都可以享受益处。)"讲的是寻求建议的好处，所以在写档

案前最好先问问别人的建议，所以选项C'lt'simportanttoseekhelpbeforewriting.在写之

前寻求帮助是重要的”符合语境。故答案为C.

本文主要讲述一些关于写个人资料的基本步骤。

技巧

①通读全文，了解文章大意；

②细读七个选项，找出和文章相对应的关键词，分析选项间的逻辑关系：

③根据文章整体结构、具体内容，结合关键词，选出最佳选项；

④将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点查看逻辑关系和关联结构是否合理。

21.【答案】

【小题1】B【小题2】C【小题3】D【小题4】A【小题5】C

【小题6】B【小题7】D【小题8】D【小题9】A【小题10)C

【小题11】