2021届上海闵行第三中学高三英语一模试卷及参考答案

2021届上海市闵行第三中学高三英语一模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASanFranciscoBayAreaisagreatplaceifyou'reasportsfanasyou'llfindseveraleventsallyearroundandplentyofteampride.Ifyouareanywhereclosetotheareaduringagame,thesefantasticsportseventsarehereforyou.SanFranciscoGiantsBaseballTheSanFranciscoGiantsbaseballteamplaysinSFatOraclePark.Thisisafunballparkbecauseit'salwayspackedwithgreatenergyandoffersviewsofthebay.It'soneofthemostpopularSanFranciscosportsevents.TheGiantsarepartoftheNationalLeagueWestDivision.Sincetheirarrivalherein1958,theyhavebeenWorldSeriesChampionsthreetimes.GoldenStateWarriorsBasketballThefanbaseoftheGoldenStateWarriorsdistributesthewholeSanFranciscoBayAreaasthisregion'sonlyNBAteam.TheirregularseasonrunsfromlateOctoberthroughmid-April,andallhomegamesareplayedattheChaseCenterinSanFrancisco.Intotal,theWarriorshaswonsixNBAchampionships.SanFrancisco49ersFootballThe49ersareSanFrancisco'sNFLteam,thoughtheyhaverecentlymovedtoLevi'sStadiuminSantaClara,aboutanhoursouthofSF.Thefootballteamwasnamedfortheprospectors（探矿者）whoarrivedintheareain1849fortheGoldRush.They’vewon5SuperBowlchampionships,allbetween1981and1994.SanJoseSharksHockeyTheSanJoseSharksrepresenttheBayAreainhockey（冰球）.Theywerefoundedin1991astheonlyBayAreateamtocompeteintheNHL.SharksfanslovegoingtotheseSanFranciscosportseventsattheSAPCenter,whichtheycalltheSharkTank,locatedaboutanhoursoutheastofSF.Wherecanasportsfanhaveagoodviewofthearea?A.TheOraclePark. B.TheChaseCenter.C.Levi'sStadium. D.TheSAPCenterWhichteamhasclaimedthemosttitlesaccordingtothetext?A.TheGiants. B.TheGoldenStateWarriors.

C.The49ers.D.TheSanJoseSharks.C.The49ers.D.TheSanJoseSharks.Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A.Abookreview. B.Anewsreport.C.Asciencefiction. D.Atouristmagazine.BAformerUPSdriverandhiswifehavemadehistorybydonating$20milliontoMorganStateUniversity-thelargestgiftanyhistoricallyblackcollegeoruniversity(HBCU)haseverreceivedfromaformerstudent.Themoney,pledgedbyCalvinTylerJrandhiswifeTina,willfundscholarshipsthatwereestablishedundertheTylers’namein2002.Tylergrewupinalow-incomefamilyandwasforcedtodropoutofMorganStateUniversityin1963becausehecouldnolongeraffordtostudy.Thefollowingyear,TylersawajobadvertisementinaBaltimorenewspaperfromUnitedParcelServiceandgotajobwiththecompanyasadriver.Herosethroughtheranksduringhis34-yearcareerattheglobalshippingcompanytobecomeitsseniorvicepresidentofUSoperationsandamemberoftheboardofdirectorsbeforeretiringin1998.Tylerandhiswife,alsoaBaltimorenative,havelivedallacrossthecountrybuthesaidtheyhaveneverforgottentheirhumblebeginnings.Theirlatestpledgefollowsa$5millioncommitmenttheymadein2016forthefund,whichtodatehassupported222studentswithfullorpartialscholarships.MarybethGasman,aprofessoratRutgersUniversitywhostudiesHBCUs,saidthegiftissignificantbecausepublicHBCU’slikeMorganStateUniversitytendtohavealoweralumnigivingratecomparedtoprivateones.“Foralongtime,theyweren’taskingalumnitogive,”shesaid.Butthathaschangedinthepastcoupleofdecades,sheadded,andtheschoolshave“startedaskingalumnitogiveandcreatingacultureofphilanthropy(慈善)oncampus.”DavidK.Wilson,thepresidentofMorganStateUniversity,saidthemoneywillhelpstudentsforyearstocome.“MorganissoproudtocallthissonanddaughterofthegreatcityofBaltimoreourown,”hesaidinastatement.“Throughtheirhistoricgiving,thedoorsofhighereducationwillmostcertainlybekeptopenforgenerationsofaspiringleaderswhosefinancialshortfallsmayhavekeptthemfromrealizingtheiracademicdreams.”“WeareforeverindebtedtotheTylers”.WhyisTyler’sdonationhistoric?A.HewasaformerUPSdriver.Thedonationislargeenough.Thedonationwillfundhisscholarships.Heusedtobeastudentattheuniversity.WhatisadrivingforceofTyler’sdonation?A.Hisworkingexperiences. B.Hiscareerachievements.C.Hispromisetotheuniversity. D.Hispastembarrassingsituations.WhichistrueaboutHBCUsaccordingtoGasman?Theyaremainlypublicuniversities.Theyareencouragingalumnitodonate.Theyrarelyaccepthelpfromthealumni.Theyhavechangedlittleoverthedecades.WhatcanbeinferredaboutTylerfromWilson’scomments?A.He’shelpedmanycityleaders. B.He’sgratefultohisuniversity.C.He’smadegreatcontributions. D.He’sproudofhissonanddaughter.CLasVegascityinNevadaisbuiltinadesert.Thecitymaybeknowntotheoutsideworldforitspartying.Butofficialshavefoundthatthereare21squarekilometersofuselessgrass.Thegrassisneverlaidon,playedonorevensteppedon.Thegrassisonlytheretolooknice.Now,thecityisaskingtheNevadastatelegislaturetobanuselessgrass.ItistryingtobecomethefirstplaceinAmericatobanthatkindofgrassoftenseenbetweenstreets,inhousingdevelopmentsandinofficeparks.Itisestimatedthatuselessgrassmakesup40%ofallthegrassinLasVegasanditneedsalotofwatertosurvive.Grassneedsfourtimesmorewaterthandryclimateplantslikecactus.Bytearingoutthegrass,thecitycouldreduceyearlywaterusageby15%.In2003,theSouthernNevadaWaterAuthoritybanneddevelopersfromplantinggrassinfrontofnewhomes.Italsoofferedhomeowners$30foreachsquaremeterofgrasstheytearout.Butfewerpeoplearenowusingtheprogram.WaterusagehasincreasedinsouthernNevadaby9%since2019.Andlastyear,LasVegaswentarecord240dayswithoutmajorrainfall.TheColoradoRiverprovidesmuchofNevada'sdrinkingwater.Therivercouldlosemorewaterasclimatechangeaffectsit.Waterofficialsinotherdrycitiessaidwaterusageneedstobereduced.ButtheyfearthereactiontoreformsliketheonesinLasVegasiftheircommunitiesdonotacceptthem.CynthiaCampbellisthewaterresourcesadviserforthecityofPhoenixinArizona.“Theremightcomeapointwhencityrestrictionsgettoosevereforsomeresidents.They'llsaythatisthepointofnoreturnforthem,”Campbellsaid.“Forsomepeople,it'sapool.Forsomepeople,it'sgrass.”WhydoesLasVegascitytrytobanuselessgrass?A.Toprotectthelocalpeople. B.Tobeautifythecity.C.Toreducewaterusage. D.Toreducewaste.WhatprogramwascarriedoutinLasVegasin2003?Allowingplantinggrassbeforenewhouses.Encouragingtheresidentstotearoutgrass.Praisingthosewhosignedontheprogram.Awardingthosewhoreducedwaterusage.WhatisimpliedinCampbell'swordsinthelastparagraph?Manyresidentswon'tfollowtheban.Reactiontothereformwillvarypersonally.Othermeasuresshouldbetakentoprotectwetter.Waterofficialsshouldtakemanyfactorsintoaccount.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.LasVegasPlanstoBanUselessGrassAMethodIsAdoptedtoSaveLasVegasChoicesbetweenBeautyandPracticeGrassIsImportantbutUselessinLasVegasDIdon’twanttotalkaboutbeingawomanscientistagain.Therewasatimeinmylifewhenpeopleaskedconstantlyforstoriesaboutwhatit’sliketoworkinafielddominated(controlled)bymen.IwasneververygoodattellingthosestoriesbecausetruthfullyIneverfoundtheminteresting.WhatIdofindinterestingistheoriginoftheuniverse,theshapeofspace,timeandthenatureofblackholes.At19,whenIbeganstudyingastrophysics(天体物理学),itdidnotbothermeintheleasttobetheonlywomanintheclassroom.ButwhileearningmyPh.D.atMITandthenasapost-doctordoingspaceresearch,theissuestartedtobotherme.Myeveryachievement—jobs,researchpapers,awards—wasviewedthroughthelens（镜片）ofgender（性别）politics.Soweremyfailures.Sometimes,whenIwaspushedintoanargumentonleftbrainversus（相对于）rightbrain,ornatureversusnurture（培育）,Iwouldinstantlyfightfiercelyonmybehalfandallwomankind.Thenonedayafewyearsago,outofmymouthcameasentencethatwouldeventuallybecomemyreplytoanyandallprovocations（挑衅）:Idon’ttalkaboutthatanymore.Ittookme10yearstogetbacktheconfidenceIhadat19andtorealizethatIdidn’twanttodealwithgenderissues.Whyshouldcuringsexismbeyetanotherterribleburdenoneveryfemalescientist?Afterall,Idon’tstudysociologyorpoliticaltheory.TodayIresearchandteachatBarnard,awomen’scollegeinNewYorkCity.Recently,someoneaskedmehowmanyofthe45studentsinmyclasswerewomen.Youcannotimaginemysatisfactionatbeingabletoanswer,45.Iknowsomeofmystudentsworryhowtheywillmanagetheirscientificresearchandadesireforchildren.AndIdon’tdismissthoseconcerns.Still,Idon’ttellthem“war”stories.Instead,Ihavegiventhemthis:thevisualoftheirphysicsprofessorheavilypregnantdoingphysicsexperiments.Andinturntheyhavegivenmetheimageof45womendrivenbyaloveofscience.Andthat’sasightworthtalkingabout.Whydoesn’ttheauthorwanttotalkaboutbeingawomanscientistagain?Sheisfedupwiththeissueofgenderdiscrimination（歧视）.Shefeelsunhappyworkinginmale-dominatedfields.Sheisnotgoodattellingstoriesofthekind.Shefindsspaceresearchmoreimportant.FromParagraph2,wecaninferthatpeoplewouldattribute（把……归因于）theauthor’sfailuresto .theburdenshebearsinamale-dominatedsocietyherinvolvementingenderpoliticsherover-confidenceasafemaleastrophysicisttheveryfactthatsheisawomanWhatdidtheauthorconstantlyfightagainstwhiledoingherPh.D.andpost-doctoralresearch?Lackofconfidenceinsucceedinginspacescience.Unfairaccusationsfrombothinsideandoutsidehercircle.People’sfixedattitudetowardfemalescientists.Widespreadmisconceptionsaboutnatureandnurtured.Whatdoestheimagetheauthorpresentstoherstudentssuggest?Womenstudentsneedn’thavetheconcernsofhergeneration.Womencanbalanceacareerinscienceandhavingafamily.Womenhavemorebarriersontheirwaytoacademicsuccess.Womennowhavefewerproblemspursuingasciencecareer.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项EndangeredspeciesAnendangeredspeciesisagroupofanimalsthatcouldsoonbecomeextinct. 16 Manyspeciesarenearlyextinctandcoulddisappearoffthefaceoftheearthverysoonifwedon’tdoanythingtosavethem.Therearemanyreasonswhyspeciesbecomeendangered.Habitatdestructionisthemainreasonwhyanimalsbecomeendangeredandthishappensintwoways.Whenhumansmoveintoanewarea,theanimals’habitatisdestroyedandthereisnowhereforthemtoliveandnothingtoeatbecausehumanschopdowntreesandbuildhousesandfarms. 17 Chemicalsinriversandpoisonsonfarmscausethedestructionofanimals’homesandfoodsupplies. 18 Animalshavebeenbroughttotheedgeofextinctionbecausetheyarekilledfortheirhighly-valuedmeat,fur,bonesorskin,orjustforsport.Overfishinghasresultedinmanylargeseacreatureslikewhalesandsharksbecomingendangeredspecies. 19 Weshouldtakecarenottopollutenaturalareas,andfarmersorcompanieswhodestroyanimalhabitatsshouldfaceseverefinancialpenalties.Thepubliccanhelpoutbyrefusingtobuyanyproductsmadefromtheseanimals’bodyparts.Governmentscanhelp,too,bymakingitagainstthelawtohunt,fishortradeinendangeredspecies.Theycanalsoprovidefundingforanimalsanctuaries,toprotectanimalsfromextinctionbybreedingmoreendangeredanimals,whichtheylaterreleaseintothewild. 20 A.Animalhabitatsarealsodestroyedbecauseofpollution.B.Endangeredspeciesarealsotheresultofhuntingandfishing.C.Eventually,allthecreaturesonEarthwillenjoybeingtogether.D.Recentchanges,however,havehelpedtoimprovethesituation.E.Sowhatcanindividualsandgovernmentsdotoprotectendangeredspecies?F.Extinctionhappenswhenthelastofthespecieshasdiedoutandtherewillbenomore.G.Ifweallcooperateandtakethesesteps,wewillprotecttheseanimalsforfuturegenerations.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Inoneofmycollegeclasses,wewererequiredtodoanactofkindness.Myprojectincluded 21 lunchforanelderlyperson.WhenI 22 theelderlypersonwiththefoodIcooked,itnever 23 tomethatitwouldresultinanewfriendshipandthediscoveryofa 24 .ThepersonIvisitedwasBill,whowasunableto 25 much.Anursecameregularlytohelphimmovetoandfromthewheelchairbecausehehasno 26 .Billsaidhewasdelightedtoseemeanditwasa 27 forhimtoeatamealwithmebecauseheusuallyeats 28 .Hesaidthefoodwasgreat,butheenjoyedhaving 29 evenmorethanthefood.Billhadhada 30 lifewhenworkingontherailroadandhadmany 31 storiestotellabouthistravelstomanyplaces.Iwasintendingatrip 32 hisstories.Ihadonce 33 abouttravelingbytrain.However,Iwould 34 begoingbytrainaftermeetingBill.Perhapsthebiggest 35 ofthisprojectwasthatIsuddenlyrealizedthatIam 36 ofworkingwiththeelderly.Spendingtimewiththemwasfun theyhavesomuchlifeexperienceto 37 .OntheonehandIamagood 38 .Ontheotherhand,olderpeoplewantsomeonetoknowtheirinnerworld,soitisaperfect 39 .Idecidedtofocusmystudiesonthe 40 .Hopefullyinthefuture,IwillworkwiththemtohelpevenmorepeoplelikeBill.21.A.buyingB.deliveringC.packingD.preparing22.A.calledonB.cameacrossC.pickedupD.turnedto23.A.happenedB.appealedC.occurredD.proved24.A.travelplanB.careerpath C.holidaydestination D.cookingskill25.A.talkB.eatC.sit D.walk26.A.moneyB.sC.neighborsD.time27.A.treatB.fancyC.privilegeD.waste28.A.slowlyB.littleC.alone D.unhappily29.A.familyB.companyC.funD.health30.A.painfulB.hopefulC.peacefulD.color1ful31.A.adventurousB.freshC.attractiveD.satisfying32.A.becauseofB.inspiteofC.regardlessofD.inadditionto33.A.arguedB.hesitatedC.thoughtD.cared34.A.unbelievablyB.undoubtedlyC.unexpectedlyD.unhurriedly35.A.aimB.impressionC.problemD.bonus36.A.awareB.proudC.fondD.certain37.A.shareB.discussC.treasureD.gain38.A.studentB.cookC.learnerD.listener39.A.choiceB.dealC.matchD.game40.A.oldB.poorC.disabledD.homeless第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式TodaywasmyfirstdaybackinSanFranciscoaftercampingintheRedwoodForestand 41. thewinecountryoftheNapaValley.Ihaveto 42. thatisdefinitelyfeelsgoodtobebackinthecityagain.Andwhatacity acitythatwasableto 43. itselfaftertheearthquakethat 44. in1906.Therearesomanybeautifulbuildings---manysittingonTopofthebighills, 45. greatviewofthecity,theoceanandtheGoldenGateBridge.Myhotelisnear 46. intheMissionDistrict,oneoftheoldestpartsofthecity.ManyofpeoplelivingherearefromMexicoandCentralAmerica.This 47. usedtobeapoorareaoftown,butisnowa 48. forart,musicandfood.Infact,anartmovement