陕西省咸阳市礼泉县2022-2023学年高二上学期中期学科素养评价英语试题（ 含答案 解析 ）

第1页/共1页礼泉县2022～2023学年度第一学期中期学科素养评价高二英语注意事项：1.本试题共10页，满分150分，时间120分钟。2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和准考证号填写在答题卡上。3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，监考员将答题卡按顺序收回，装袋整理;试题不回收。第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatisMike’saddress?A.At1858LondonStreet.B.At1588LondonStreet.C.At1885LondonStreet.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Doctorandpatient.B.Waiterandcustomer.C.Bossandemployee.3.Whataretheyassignedtodoattheweekend?A.Towriteabookreview.B.Todosomeexercises.C.Toreviewtextbook.4.Howoldisthewomannow?A.11yearsold.B.5yearsold.C.16yearsold.5.Whydidtheboyfailthetest?A.Hewaslateforthetest.B.Hewrotetheanswersinthewrongplace.C.Hegottheanswerswrong.第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdidthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Tomeetanoldfriendofhis.B.TopassamessagetoSusan.C.Tobookahotelroomforhim.7.WhatisSusanprobablydoing?A.Chattingwithherhusband.B.Stayingatahotel.C.Talkingwithsomeoneonthephone.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Wheredoestheconservationprobablytakeplace?A.Atabirthdayparty.B.Inalecturehall.C.Inthehospital.9.Whydidthemanchangehisschool?A.Hisfamilymovedthere.B.Helenadvisedhimto.C.Hedislikedhispreviousschool.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhydoesMichaelfeelsorry?A.Heforgothisgrandmother’sbirthday.B.Heishavingalotofproblems.C.Hehasn’tcalledhisgrandmotherforalongtime.11.WhatdoesMichaelmainlytellhisgrandmother?A.Michael’sschoolaffairs.B.Michael’sbirthday.C.Michael’sgrandfather.12.HowdoesMichaelprobablyfeelwhenapplyingforthecollege?A.Confident.B.Worried.C.Disappointed.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Kids’favoritetrip.B.Anintroductionofazoo.C.Atriptoazoo.14.Howlongdothespeakerswanttostay?A.About6hours.B.About4hours.C.About8hours.15.Wherewillthespeakersprobablyeatlunch?A.Atarestaurant.B.Athome.C.Atthezoo.16.Whatcantheyexperienceatthezoo?A.Catchinglittlebirds.B.Givingeggstosnakes.C.Givingfoodtoelephants.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatcanwelearnfromthespeaker?A.Howtosurviveanearthquake.B.Howtopredictanearthquake.C.Howtorescuepeopleinanearthquake.18.Whatdopeopleneedtogetreadyforanearthquake?A.Cars.B.Shelters.C.Blankets.19.Whatdoesthespeakeradvisepeopletodowhenanearthquakehits?A.Staybythewindow.B.Droptotheground.C.Runoutsidethedoor.20.Whatdoesthespeakerwarmpeopleofattheendofthetalk?A.Damagedbridges.B.Trappedlifts.C.Fallingpieces.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AChina’slonghistoryhasseenmanyscientistsmakinggreatcontributionstothedevelopmentofancientChinaandeventheworld.WehaveselectedseveralgreatestscientistsinancientChinaandhopetohelpyoulearnmoreaboutChinesescienceandtechnology.ZhangZhongjing(150-219)wasaChinesephysicianinHanDynasty(206BC-220AD).Hefoundedmedicationprinciplesandsummarizedthemedicinalexperiencebeforehistime.Hisfamouswork“ShangHanZaBingLun”hadamajorinfluenceonthepracticeoftraditionalChinesemedicine.Today,thisgreatbookwasstillconsideredveryimportantinthepracticeofChinesemedicine.LiDaoyuan(AD427or469-527)wasagreatChinesegeographerduringtheNorthernWeiDynasty(386-534).Hewrotethefamouswork“CommentarytotheRiverClassic”(ShuiJingZhu).ThebookisagreatworkontheancientgeographyofChinaanditsumsupChina’sgeographyanditssurroundingareasbeforeNorthernWeiDynasty.SunSimiaowasanoutstandingmedicalscientistintheTangDynasty(618-907).Hewascalled“China’sKingofMedicine”forhisimportantcontributionstoChinesetraditionalmedicine.Sunauthoredtwobooks—“QianJinYaoFang”and“QianJinYiFang”thatwerebothlandmarksinChinesemedicinehistory.ShenKuowasagreatChinesescientistandpoliticianoftheSongDynasty(960-1279).Hecompiled(汇编)anscientificwork“DreamPoolEssays”,whichinvolvesalotdescriptionsabouttheanimalsandplantsinthecountry.Shenalsofirstdescribedthemagneticneedlecompass,whichwouldbeusedfornavigation(航行).HisdiscoveryofconceptoftruenorthtowardsthenorthpolewasfourhundredyearsearlierthanEurope.1.Thepassageismainlywrittento________.A.encouragereaderstolearnfromthesegreatscientistsB.explainwhatcontributestothedevelopmentofancientChinaC.broadenreaders’horizonsonChinesescienceandtechnologyD.introducethegreatmedicalcontributionsChinesescientistsmade2.WhoseworkhadagreateffectonthepracticeoftraditionalChinesemedicine?A.ZhangZhongjing’s B.LiDaoyuan’s C.SunSimiao’s D.ShenKuo’s3.WhatdoweknowaboutShenKuo?A.HewasaChinesephysicianinHanDynasty.B.HeworkedontheancientgeographyofChina.C.Hewasregardedas“China’sKingofMedicine”.D.Hedescribedtheanimalsandplantsalotinhiswork.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了四位伟大的中国科学家。【1题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段“WehaveselectedseveralgreatestscientistsinancientChinaandhopetohelpyoulearnmoreaboutChinesescienceandtechnology.(我们精选了几位中国古代最伟大的科学家，希望能帮助大家更多地了解中国的科学技术)”可知，写这篇文章的主要目的是希望能帮助大家更多地了解中国的科学技术。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。由文章ZhangZhongjing部分的“HisfamousworkShanghanzabinglunhadamajorinfluenceonthepracticeoftraditionalChinesemedicine.(他的著名著作《商汉杂病论》对中医实践产生了重大影响)”可知，张仲景的著名著作《商汉杂病论》对中医实践产生了重大影响。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。由ShenKuo部分的“Hecompiled(汇编)anscientificworkDreamPoolEssays,whichinvolvesalotdescriptionsabouttheanimalsandplantsinthecountry.(他编写了一部科学著作《梦溪笔谈》，其中涉及到很多关于这个国家的动植物的描述)”可知，沈括编写了一部科学著作《梦溪笔谈》，其中涉及到很多关于这个国家的动植物的描述。故选D项。BIrelandhashadaverydifficulthistory.Theproblemsstartedinthe16thcenturywhenEnglishrulerstriedtovanquishIreland.Forhundredsofyears,theIrishpeoplefoughtagainsttheEnglish.Finally,in1921,theBritishgovernmentwasforcedtogiveindependencetothesouthofIreland.Theresultisthattodaytherearetwo“Irelands”.NorthemIreland,inthenorth,ispartoftheUnitedKingdom.TheRepublicofIreland,inthesouth,isanindependentcountry.Inthe1840sthemaincrop,potatoes,wasaffectedbydiseaseandabout750,000peoplediedofhunger.This,andashortageofwork,forcedmanypeopletoleaveIrelandandliveintheUSA,theUK,AustraliaandCanada.Asaresult,thepopulationfellfrom8.2millionin1841to6.6millionin1851.Formanyyears,themajorityofIrishpeopleearnedtheirlivingasfarmers.Thoughmanypeoplestillfollowtheroutinenowadays,moreandmorepeoplearemovingtothecitiestoworkinfactoriesandoffices.Lifeinthecitiesisverydifferentfromlifeinthecountryside,wherethingsmoveataquieterandslowerpace.TheIrisharefamousforbeingwarm-heartedandfriendly.OscarWilde,afamousIrishwriter,oncesaidthattheIrishwere“thegreatesttalkerssincetheGreeks”.Sinceindependence,Irelandhasrevived(复兴)itsowncultureofmusic,language,literatureandsinging.DifferentareashavedifferentstylesofoldIrishsongswhicharesungwithoutinstruments.OtherkindsofIrishmusicusemanydifferentinstrumentssuchastheviolin,whistles,ete.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vanquish”inParagraph1probablymean?A.Conquer. B.Ruin.C.Protect. D.Free.5.WhydidthepopulationofIrelandoncedecreasegreatly?A.TheIrishwerekilledbytheEnglishrulers.B.TheIrishwereaffectedbyadeadlydisease.C.TheIrishsufferedfromfoodandworkshortage.D.TheIrishwerenoteagertogivebirthtobabies.6.HowdidmostIrishpeoplemaketheirliving?A.Byworkingingovernment.B.Byworkinginthefields.C.Bytradingwithothercountries.D.Byperformingmusicalinstruments.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.LifeinIrelandB.TheIndependenceofIrelandC.AVeryDifficultHistoryD.Ireland,PastandPresent【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了爱尔兰艰辛的独立过程和曾经的艰难岁月，以及描述了爱尔兰如今的风貌。4题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线单词下文“Forhundredsofyears,theIrishpeoplefoughtagainsttheEnglish.(数百年来，爱尔兰人与英国人作战。)”和划线单词所在句子“Theproblemsstartedinthe16thcenturywhenEnglishrulerstriedtovanquishIreland.(这些问题始于16世纪，当时英国统治者试图vanquish爱尔兰。)”可知，英国统治者试图征服爱尔兰，所以爱尔兰人们奋起抵抗，与英国人作战，由此可推知，划线单词vanquish意为“征服”，与A项Conquer(征服)意思一样，故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Inthe1840sthemaincrop,potatoes,wasaffectedbydiseaseandabout750,000peoplediedofhunger.This,andashortageofwork,forcedmanypeopletoleaveIrelandandliveintheUSA,theUK,AustraliaandCanada.Asaresult,thepopulationfellfrom8.2millionin1841to6.6millionin1851.(在19世纪40年代，主要作物马铃薯受到疾病的影响，大约75万人死于饥饿。这种情况加上工作的短缺，迫使许多人离开爱尔兰，去美国、英国、澳大利亚和加拿大生活。结果，人口从1841年的820万下降到1851年的660万。)”可知，爱尔兰人饱受食物和工作短缺之苦，这使得爱尔兰人口曾经大幅减少，故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Formanyyears,themajorityofIrishpeopleearnedtheirlivingasfarmers.(多年来，大多数爱尔兰人以务农为生。)”可知，大部分爱尔兰人靠务农为生，故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Irelandhashadaverydifficulthistory.(爱尔兰有一段非常艰难的历史。)”，倒数第二段中“Thoughmanypeoplestillfollowtheroutinenowadays,moreandmorepeoplearemovingtothecitiestoworkinfactoriesandoffices.Lifeinthecitiesisverydifferentfromlifeinthecountryside,wherethingsmoveataquieterandslowerpace.(尽管现在很多人仍然按部就班，但是越来越多的人搬到城市的工厂和办公室工作。城市生活与农村生活截然不同，农村生活的节奏越来越慢，越来越安静。)”和最后一段中“Sinceindependence,Irelandhasrevived(复兴)itsowncultureofmusic,language,literatureandsinging.DifferentareashavedifferentstylesofoldIrishsongswhicharesungwithoutinstruments.OtherkindsofIrishmusicusemanydifferentinstrumentssuchastheviolin,whistles,ete.(自独立以来，爱尔兰复兴了自己的音乐、语言、文学和歌唱文化。不同的地区有不同风格的古老的爱尔兰歌曲，唱不用乐器。其他种类的爱尔兰音乐使用许多不同的乐器，如小提琴，口哨，等。)”可知，文章主要介绍了爱尔兰艰辛的独立过程和曾经的艰难岁月，以及描述了爱尔兰如今的风貌。因此D项“爱尔兰，过去和现在”最适合作文章标题，故选D。CAwomanwholostoneleginatrafficaccidentisseekingtobreakaworldrecordbycompleting102marathon-lengthrunsin102days.Amarathonisaracethatgoes42kilometers.JackyHunt-Broersma,wholivesintheWesternAmericanstateofArizona,sethergoallastmonth.Andeverydaysincethen,shehasbeenrunningthedistanceofamarathon.Mostofthetime,sherunsonroadsandtrailsnearherhome.Sometimesshecompletesherrunsonarunningmachine.Ifshekeepssuccessfullycompletingmarathon-lengthrunseveryday,shewouldreachhergoalthreemonthslater.Shewouldthenholdtheworldrecordforcompleting102back-to-backmarathonruns.Thecurrentworldrecordof101marathonswassetonApril10byBritishrunnerKateJayden.The35-year-oldJaydendoesnothaveadisability.Hunt-Broersmasaidthatuntilfiveyearsago,shewasnotveryactive.Butthenshelookedintorunninganddecidedtogiveitatry.Thesportendedupbeingquitecostly.Currently,sherunsonaprosthetic(假体的)legmadeoutofastrong,lightmaterialknownascarbonfiber.Thecarbonfiberbladesheuses,whichisdesignedspecificallyforrunning,costsabout＄10,000.ButHunt-Broersmasaysherinvestment(投资)hasbeenwellworthit.Oneofherrecentrunswastheworld-famousBostonMarathoninBoston,Massachusetts.Shefinishedthatrace,heldonApril18,withatimeof5hoursand5minutes.Hunt-Broersma’smainsupportteamisherhusbandandtheirtwoyoungchildren.Sheispostingherprogressonlineandhasalsogainedalargesocialmediafollowing.Asshenearstheendofhergoal,Hunt-Broersmaishopingtoinspireadreaminothers,regardlessof(不管)theirownphysicallimitations.Shetellspeople,“You’restrongerthanyouthink-andyou’recapableofsomuchmore.”8.WhatisHunt-Broersma’sgoalmentionedinthetext?A.Tomakeherbodystronger. B.Toshowoffhergreatpower.C.Tosetanewworldrecord. D.Toproveshecanliveanormallife.9.WhatdoesHunt-Broersmainsistondoingeverydaynow?A.Tryinghardtoearnmoneyforhergame. B.Trainingstrictlyforafamousmarathonrace.C.RunningtogetherwithaBritishmarathonrunner. D.Running42kilometerseitherindoorsoroutdoors.10.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeHunt-Broersma?A.Caring. B.Determined. C.Responsible. D.Intelligent.11.WhateffectdoesHunt-Broersmahopeheractionwillhave?A.Encouragingotherstoachievetheirgoals. B.Havingmorepeoplerunthemarathonrace.C.Drawingmoreattentiontothedisabled. D.Gettingmorepeopleintohersupportteam.【答案】8C9.D10.B11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲的是一名在交通事故中失去一条腿的女子正在寻求创102天内完成102次马拉的长跑的世界纪录。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Awomanwholostoneleginatrafficaccidentisseekingtobreakaworldrecordbycompleting102marathon-lengthrunsin102days.(一名在交通事故中失去一条腿的女子正在寻求打破102天跑完102次马拉松的世界纪录。)”可知，文中提到的Hunt-Broersma的目标是创造新的世界纪录。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Andeverydaysincethen,shehasbeenrunningthedistanceofamarathon.Mostofthetime,sherunsonroadsandtrailsnearherhome.Sometimesshecompletesherrunsonarunningmachine.(从那时起，她每天都要跑马拉松的距离。大多数时候，她在她家附近的公路和小路上跑步。有时她在跑步机上完成跑步。)”可知，Hunt-Broersma现在每天坚持室内或室外跑42公里。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Andeverydaysincethen,shehasbeenrunningthedistanceofamarathon.Mostofthetime,sherunsonroadsandtrailsnearherhome.Sometimesshecompletesherrunsonarunningmachine.(从那时起，她每天都要跑马拉松的距离。大多数时候，她在她家附近的公路和小路上跑步。有时她在跑步机上完成跑步。)”可知，Hunt-Broersma非常有毅力。故选B。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Asshenearstheendofhergoal,Hunt-Broersmaishopingtoinspireadreaminothers,regardlessoftheirownphysicallimitations.(当她的目标接近尾声时，亨特-布洛厄斯玛希望能激发其他人的梦想，而不顾他们自身的身体限制。)”可知，Hunt-Broersma希望她的行动能产生的效果是鼓励他人实现他们的目标。故选A。DForecastingthetechnologicalfutureisdifficult.Backinthe1980s,thethoughtofcarryingaroundasmall,portablephoneseemedtobelongintheworldofsciencefiction.Theninthe1990s,imaginingaphonethatwouldallowyoutosurftheInternetsomethingthatdidn’tevenexistuntil1990wasunheard-of.Today,smartphonescansurftheWeb,runapplicationsandplaygames,andthosewithanearfieldcommunication(NFC)chipcanactasawaytomakepurchases.Andtheycanstillmakephonecalls,too.Sowhatwillphoneslooklikein2050?Baseduponphonecustomerbehavior,Iimaginethefuturephoneswillrelymoreoncombiningourphysicalliveswithourdigitallives.Theyprobablywon’tbesimilartotheoneswe’rereusingnow.They’llbebuiltintootherdevicesandproducts.Imagineapairofglassesthatcandisplayadigitaloverlayontopofyourphysicalsurroundings.Idon’tthinkvideochatistakingoffdespiteserviceslikeSkypeandFaceTime.Rather,thetrendseemstobetowardasynchronous(非同步的)communication.Thatmeansthetwoormorepeopleinaconversationcompleteadiscussionovertime.Wemightevenseethephonepartofphonesdisappear.Recentphonecustomerbehaviorsuggeststhattextingisamorepopularwaytocommunicatethantelephonecalls.Futurephoneswillneedawaytodisplaymessagesbutdon’tnecessarilyincludevoicecommunication.Sincewe’retalkingabout2050here,there’seventhepossibilitythatresearchintobrain-computerinterfaces(脑机接口)willhavereachedapointinwhichwewon’tneedaphysicalscreenormicrophoneatall.Electronicscouldbebuiltintoclothing.You’dlinkthedevicestoaninterfaceconnectedtoyourbrainandpostmessagesjustthroughthought.I’dbeaformoftelepathy(心灵感应).Butwhatdoyouthink?Willwebewearingdevicesthatletuscommunicateeasily?OrwillwebecarryingaroundtheiPhone47andansweringtextsbetweengamesofAngryBirds?Letusknowyourpredictions.12.Whatwillfuturephonesbelikeaccordingtotheauthor?A.Textingmaydisappear.B.NFCchipscanbeusedforpurchasing.C.Phoneswillcombineourliveswithourwork.D.Phonesmaybebuiltintootherproducts.13.Withthedevelopmentofbrain-computerinterfaces,.A.wemaysendmessagesjustthroughthoughtB.phonescanbeconnecteddirectlytoyourbrainC.clothingmaybemadeintothescreenofphonesD.telepathybetweenpeopleandanimalsmaycometrue14.Fromthetext,weknowthat.A.peoplestartedsurfingtheInternetinthe1980sB.wewillbecarryingaroundtheiPhone47in2050C.theauthor’spredictionaboutphonesisbasedonphonecustomerbehaviorD.theauthorisnegativeaboutthedevelopmentofbrain-computerinterfaces15.Whichcolumnofthenewspaperdoesthepassagecomefrom?A.Economy. B.Science.C.Health. D.Entertainment.【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者预测未来手机可能会出现的功能。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“They’llbebuiltintootherdevicesandproducts.(它们将被植入其他设备和产品中)”可知，未来的手机可能内置在其它产品中。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段的“You’dlinkthedevicestoaninterfaceconnectedtoyourbrainandpostmessagesjustthroughthought.(你可以将这些设备连接到一个与你大脑相连的接口上，然后通过思想发布信息)”可知，随着脑机接口的发展，我们可以通过思想传递信息。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“Baseduponphonecustomerbehavior,Iimaginethefuturephoneswillrelymoreoncombiningourphysicalliveswithourdigitallives.(基于手机用户的行为，我认为未来的手机将更多地依赖于将我们的现实生活和数字生活结合起来)”可知，作者对手机的预测是基于手机用户的行为。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了作者预测未来手机可能会出现的功能。话题与未来科技相关，由此推知本文很有可能出自报纸的“科学”版块。故选B。第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Agreatnumberofpeoplecangetinjuredorevenkilledresultingfromahumanstampede(蜂拥).Oneofthebadthingsisthatapeacefulgroupofpeoplecanquicklyturnintoacrazypanickedcrowd.____16____.Ifyouareinacrowd,themostimportantthingistomakeyourselffamiliarwithyoursurroundingsandmentallynoticetheexits.____17____.Makesureyoualwaysknowhowtogetout.Makeyourselfwareofthetypeofgroundyouarestandingon.Ifyouareinacrowdofmovingpeople,wetorunevenroundcanbeslipperyordangerous,causingyoutofall.Beawareofthegeneralatmosphereoftheevent,aspanicsituationscanoftenbeexpected.Wheninanger,afewsecondscanmakeallthedifference.Ifyoufindyourselfinthemiddleofamovingcrowd,donotfightagainstthepressureanddonotstandstillorsitdown.____18____.Takeadvantageofanyspacethatmayopenupandtrytomovesidewaystothecrowdmovementwheretheflowisweaker.Keepyourhandsupbyyourchest,likeaboxer(拳击手).Itgivesyoumovementandprotectsyourchest.____19____.Ifyoufallandcannotgetup,keepmovingbycrawlinginthesamedirectionofthecrowd,orifthatisnotpossible,thencoveryourheadwithyourarmsandcurlup(蜷缩).____20____.Sometimes,findingarightposturecansaveyourlife.A.Ifyoufall,getupquicklyB.NomatterwhereyouareC.Instead,moveinthesamedirectionofthecrowdD.Ifyouaresteppedon,youshouldshoutforhelpE.What’sworseisthatthestampedecanbecausedwhilethereseemsnoactualdangerF.StretchyourarmstothefulllengthsothatyoucanmakemorespacetomoveinthecrowdG.Donotlieonyourstomachorback,asthisdangerouslyleavesyourlungsunprotected【答案】16.E17.B18.C19.A20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了遇到踩踏事件的正确做法。【16题详解】根据上文“Oneofthebadthingsisthatapeacefulgroupofpeoplecanquicklyturnintoacrazypanickedcrowd.(糟糕的事情之一是，一群平静的人很快就会变成一群疯狂恐慌的人。)”可知，此处讲述了踩踏事件造成的坏影响，选项E中的信息“What’sworseisthatthestampedecanbecausedwhilethereseemsnoactualdanger.(更糟糕的是，在没有实际危险的情况下，踩踏事件仍然可能发生。)”与上文信息是递进的关系。故选E。【17题详解】根据上文“Ifyouareinacrowdofmovingpeople，wetorunevengroundcanbeslippery(滑溜的)ordangerous,causingyoutofall.(如果你在一群移动的人群中，潮湿的地面可能会很滑或很危险，导致你摔倒)”可知，这是讲述潮湿地方你容易滑倒，以及空后“Makesureyoualwaysknowhowtogetout.Makeyourselfwareofthetypeofgroundyouarestandingon.Ifyouareinacrowdofmovingpeople,wetorunevenroundcanbeslipperyordangerous,causingyoutofall.(一定要知道怎么出去。注意你所站的地方。如果你在一群移动的人群中，潮湿或不均匀的圆形会很滑或危险，导致你摔倒。)”中的thetypeofground和后面的wetorunevenground与选项中的where相互呼应，因此B选项“Nomatterwhereyouare(无论你在哪里)”切合题意，符合此处语境。故选B。【18题详解】根据上文“Ifyoufindyourselfinthemiddleofamovingcrowd,donotfightagainstthepressure,donotstandstillorsitdown.(如果你发现自己在一个移动的人群中，不要逆人群而动，不要站着不动或坐下来。)”可知，此处建议读者如何去做。选项C中的信息“Instead,moveinthesamedirectionofthecrowd.(相反，向人群的同一方向移动。)”中的moveinthesamedirectionofthecrowd和前面的donotfightagainstthepressure相互呼应，与上下文信息相符。故选C。【19题详解】根据下文“Ifyoufallandcannotgetup,keepmovingbycrawlinginthesamedirectionofthecrowd，orifthatisnotpossible，thencoveryourheadwithyourarmsandcurlup(蜷缩).(如果你摔倒了，爬不起来，那就沿着人群的同一个方向爬行，或者如果不可能，那就用手臂捂住头，蜷缩起来。)”可知，这里是排比句，表示如果摔倒后的两种情况。A项“Ifyoufall,getupquickly(如果你跌倒了，赶快爬起来)”中的ifyoufall与下文的Ifyoufall一致，符合此处语境。故选A。【20题详解】根据下文“Sometimes,findingarightposturecansaveyourlife.(有时候，正确的姿势可以挽救你的生命)”可知，正确的姿势可以挽救你的生命，下文应该对此进行具体说明，G项“Donotlieonyourstomachorback,asthisdangerouslyleavesyourlungsunprotected(我们不要躺在地上，这会让你的肺部危险)”中的Donotlieonyourstomachorback与下文的findingarightposture相互呼应，因此G选项切合题意，符合此处语境。故选G。第三部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I’veneverbeenthebiggestfanofmusicals.Theyoftenseemed____21____tome,andIwouldconstantly____22____thetimewhilewatchingone.Sowhenmyfriendsuggestedthatwegotoseethe____23____You’reaGoodMan,CharlieBrownlastweekend,Iwasn’tparticularly____24____.IfiguredIwasaboutto____25____thefamiliarcycleofhalf-heartedattentiontotheplotandcharacters,____26____myphoneduringtheperformance.Withnothingelsetodo,Ifinally____27____togowithhim—itwassomethingtogetmeoutofthehouse.Shortlyafterthemusicalbegan,CharlieBrowntookthe____28____,sittingdownwithasandwich.Atthebeginning,hewasportrayedasa(n)____29____boywithnobodyeatingwithduringlunches.Thenhe_____30_____agirlalsohavinglunchaloneanddecidedtogooverandstarta_____31_____.Butquicklyhegotintoa_____32_____ofover-thinkingthatthegirlmighthardlylookathim.Astheperformance_____33_____,IwasshockedtoseeCharlie’scourageandthepairchatting_____34_____.OneofmyfavoritesceneswasthatCharliesangasongfeelingsorryforhis_____35_____oftalent.Butherealizedthatdespitethis,hewasstill“the_____36_____andremarkableCharlieBrown.”“I’mME!”he_____37_____declared.Weoftenassessourselvesbyourachievementsratherthan_____38_____ourbasicworthasindividuals.However,everybodylovesCharlieBrownbecausehe’sCharlieBrown-theclumsy,self-doubt,insecure,butlovablefour-year-old.ToseeCharlie_____39_____himselfwaseye-opening.Actually,musicalsaren’talwaysso_____40_____21.A.dull B.frightening C.educational D.attractive22.A.forgetting B.ignoring C.checking D.saving23.A.exhibition B.drama C.movie D.musical24.A.annoyed B.excited C.touched D.upset25.A.repeat B.design C.analyze D.adjust26.A.glancingat B.lookingfor C.puttingaway D.turningoff27.A.continued B.begged C.agreed D.volunteered28.A.bus B.stage C.computer D.path29.A.smart B.brave C.honest D.lonely30.A.remembered B.spotted C.heard D.described31.A.research B.project C.talk D.story32.A.panic B.form C.habit D.trap33.A.changed B.progressed C.delayed D.paused34.A.sadly B.coldly C.casually D.merrily35.A.view B.development C.lack D.discovery36.A.quiet B.unique C.patient D.generous37.A.disappointedly B.directly C.modestly D.proudly38.A.overlook B.deny C.recognize D.doubt39.A.accept B.praise C.question D.blame40.A.wonderful B.positive C.crazy D.bad【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.B25.A26.A27.C28.B29.D30.B31.C32.A33.B34.D35.C36.B37.D38.C39.A40.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述作者在朋友邀请下去看了一场自己并不敢兴趣的音乐剧，却在最后明白了一些人生道理的故事。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们对我来说似乎很无聊，所以我在看的时候会不停地看时间。A.dull无聊的；B.frightening令人害怕的；C.educational教育的；D.attractive有吸引力的。根据前句“I’veneverbeenthebiggestfanofmusicals.”（我从来都不是音乐剧的铁杆粉丝。）可知，作者之前对音乐剧毫无兴趣，认为它们很无聊。故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们对我来说似乎很无聊，所以我在看的时候会不停地看时间。A.forgetting忘记；B.ignoring忽视；C.checking查看；D.saving节约。根据前句“Theyoftenseemed___1___tome”（对我来说它们似乎很无聊。）可知，作者不喜欢音乐剧，所以在看的时候会一直查看时间，看看什么时候结束。故选C项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，当我的朋友上周末建议我们去看音乐剧《你是一个好人，查理·布朗》时，我并不是特别兴奋。A.exhibition展览；B.drama戏剧；C.movie电影；D.musical音乐剧。根据上文“I’veneverbeenthebiggestfanofmusicals.”（我从来都不是音乐剧的铁杆粉丝。）可知，这篇文章在讲述作者和音乐剧之间的故事，所以此处作者的朋友应该是邀请去看音乐剧。故选D项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，当我的朋友上周末建议我们去看音乐剧《你是一个好人，查理·布朗》时，我并不是特别兴奋。A.annoyed烦恼的；B.excited兴奋的；C.touched感动的；D.upset失落的。根据上文“Theyoftenseemed___1___tome,andIwouldconstantly___2___thetimewhilewatchingone.”（它们对我来说似乎很无聊，所以我在看的时候会不停地看时间。）可知，作者对看音乐剧并没有什么兴趣，所以朋友邀请去看音乐剧，也没有感到很高兴。故选B项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我觉得自己又要重复那种对情节和角色半心半意、在演出时看手机的老一套了。A.repeat重复；B.design设计；C.analyze分析；D.adjust调整。根据上文“Theyoftenseemed___1___tome,andIwouldconstantly___2___thetimewhilewatchingone.”（它们对我来说似乎很无聊，所以我在看的时候会不停地看时间。）可知，作者在看音乐剧时，因为无聊，会一直查看手机时间。此处意指朋友邀请看音乐剧，但是自己并没有什么兴趣，所以还是会无聊到一直看时间，重复之前的动作。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我觉得自己又要重复那种对情节和角色半心半意、在演出时看手机的老一套了。A.glancingat瞥一眼；B.lookingfor寻找；C.puttingaway收好；D.turningoff关掉。根据上文“Theyoftenseemed___1___tome,andIwouldconstantly___2___thetimewhilewatchingone.”（它们对我来说似乎很无聊，所以我在看的时候会不停地看时间。）可知，作者在看音乐剧时，因为无聊，会一直查看手机时间。故选A项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于无事可做，我最终同意和他一起去——这是一件能让我走出家门的事。A.continued继续；B.begged乞求；C.agreed同意；D.volunteered自愿做。根据下文“Shortlyafterthemusicalbegan,CharlieBrowntookthe___8___,sittingdownwithasandwich.”（音乐剧开始后不久，查理·布朗上台，坐下来吃三明治。）可知，作者同意和朋友一起去看音乐剧。故选C项。28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：音乐剧开始后不久，查理·布朗上台，坐下来吃三明治。A.bus公交车；B.stage舞台；C.computer计算机；D.path路线。根据上文“Sowhenmyfriendsuggestedthatwegotoseethe___3___You’reaGoodMan,CharlieBrownlastweekend,Iwasn’tparticularly___4___.”（所以，当我的朋友上周末建议我们去看音乐剧《你是一个好人，查理·布朗》时，我并不是特别兴奋。）可知，CharlieBrown是音乐剧中的主人公，此处意指CharlieBrown走上舞台。故选B项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始，他被描绘成一个孤独的男孩，午餐时没有人与他一起吃饭。A.smart聪明的；B.brave勇敢的；C.honest诚实的；D.lonely孤独的。根据本句“withnobodyeatingwithduringlunches.”（没有人与他一起吃午饭）可知，CharlieBrown是一个孤独的人。故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他看到一个女孩也在独自吃午饭，于是决定走过去和她谈谈。A.remembered记得；B.spotted看到；C.heard听到；D.described描述。根据后句“decidedtogooverandstarta___11___”（决定走过去和她谈谈）可知，CharlieBrown看到了一个同样在独自吃饭的女孩。故选B项。31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，他看到一个女孩也在独自吃午饭，于是决定走过去和她谈谈。A.research研究；B.project项目；C.talk交谈；D.story故事。根据上文“withnobodyeatingwithduringlunches.”（没有人与他一起吃午饭）及本句“agirlalsohavinglunchalone”（一个女孩在独自吃午饭）可知，独自吃饭的CharlieBrown想和这位同样独自吃饭的女孩聊一聊。故选C项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但很快，他就陷入了一种过度思考的恐慌之中，他担心那个女孩几乎不会正眼看他。A.panic惊慌；B.form形式；C.habit习惯；D.trap陷阱。根据本句“over-thinkingtha