七选五之五年高考真题+思维导图 (2021+2016题组) 高考英语第二轮复习小题狂练 （ 含答案解析 ）

七选五之五年高考真题+思维导图(2021+2016题组)--2022年高考英语第二轮复习小题狂练（解析版）2021年真题题组Passage1年份体裁话题全文词数建议用时段首段中段尾2021全国甲卷说明文衣物交换派对处理旧衣服3106min140根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Swap,Don’tshop!Youkeephearingaboutrecycling,right?Butitdoesn'tendwithbottles,cans,andpaper.Clothingtakesahugeamountofnaturalresources（资源）tomake,andbuyingloadsofnewclothing(orthrowingoutoldclothing)isnothealthyfortheenvironment.Sowhattodowithallthoseperfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-themclothespiledonyourbedroomfloor?1.It'sthebestwaytogetridofyourusedclothes,scoreclothesfromyourfriends,andhaveapartyallatthesametime.Asuccessfulswapdependsontheselectionofclothes,theorganizationoftheevent,and,obviously,howmuchfunishad.It'sreallyeasytodo!Hereareafewpointers.●Invite5—10peoplesoyouhaveaniceselection.2,andtheremaynotbeenoughthingstochoosefrom;morethanthat,anditbecomesuncontrollable.●3.Theyshouldalsoprepareplentyofreusablebagstocarrytheir"new"clotheshome.●Putdifferenttypesofclothingondifferentsurfacesintheroom.4.Placeafewmirrorsaroundyourroomsopeoplecanseehowthingslookwhentheytrythemon.Oneofthegroundrulesoftheswapshouldbethateveryonemusttryontheclothesbeforetheytakethem—thingsalwayslookdifferentwhenyouputthemon.●Setastartingtime.Maybeyousay“go,”orturnonacertainsong,orwhatever.5.Anddon'tforgettoputoutsomecookiesandfruits.Remember,it'saparty!A.LesspeoplethanthatB.HoldaclothingswapC.IftwopeoplearecompetingD.JustkeepmusicplayingthroughoutE.DonatewhateverclothesareleftoverF.HaveeveryoneputtheirclothesintherightspotsGTelleveryonetobringcleanclothesingoodcondition文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过衣物交换来处理旧衣服的方法——衣物交换派对，以及一些具体的流程。1.B。上文提出关于如何解决旧衣物的问题。下文提到了具体处理旧衣物的方法。空白处应起承上启下的作用，承接上文讲到的问题，启下提出的方法。因而空白处是提出了一种处理旧衣物的好方法。B项“Holdaclothingswap.（进行衣物交换。）”给出了一种处理旧衣物的方法，承上启下，符合语境。2.A。上文说明多于或少于一定数量的人数将会导致一些麻烦。所以空白处应是针对下文中的“morethanthat”提出的相反的假设，即少于一定数量的人。A项“Lesspeoplethanthat”和下文中“morethanthat”相对，说明人数不宜太多，也不能太少，符合语境。3.G。下文说明去的时候应该为交换所得的“新衣服”准备袋子。G项“Telleveryonetobringcleanclothesingoodcondition.”说明去参加衣物交换的时候应该带完好的衣服，其中的bring和下文中carry相对，都是为交换衣物所做的准备。下文中的also也是提示词，并且其中They指代G项的everyone。所以G项符合语境。4.F。上文指出衣服应该归类放置。下文“Placeafewmirrorsaroundyourroomsopeoplecanseehowthingslookwhentheytrythemon.”提到了放置镜子的意义。由此可见，本段讲述的是房间里的一些具体的做法，所以空白处一样要提出人们在房间里要做什么。F项“Haveeveryoneputtheirclothesintherightspots.”说明每个人应该按照不同类型把衣服摆放在相应的位置，符合语境。5.D。上文指出打开音乐或者无论什么，意味聚会开始。下文“Anddon'tforgettoputoutsomecookiesandfruits.Remember,it'saparty!”讲到了聚会上应该提供一些派对该有的服务。因而，空白处应是承接上文，讲述聚会期间要保持应有的内容。D项“Justkeepmusicplayingthroughout.”承上启下，说明在派对上要有音乐，与前文形成意义上的一致，符合题意。Passage2年份体裁话题全文词数建议用时段首段中段尾2021全国乙卷说明文如何让自己在晚宴更有趣3366.5min221AccordingtoJessicaHagy,authorofHowtoBeInteresting,it’snotdifficulttomakeyourselfinterestingatadinnerparty.1,ifyou’reoutofyourcomfortzoneorifyou’rewanderingintosomebody’shouseforthefirsttime.Sothemainthingisjusttoshowupandbeadventurous,tryingdifferentfoodsandtalkingtostrangers.Peoplelovetotalkaboutthemselves.Ifyoucanstarttheconversationwithaquestionotherthan“Whatdoyoudoforaliving?”,you’llbeabletogetalotmoreinterestingconversationoutofwhomeveritisyou’retalkingto.2,itcanbringin“Ihavethisold,broken-downvehicle”or“Irodethebuswiththesecrazypeoplewhowerelaughingatsillyjokesintheback.”Itjustopensupconversation.3?Ifyoucan’ttaketheirwineaway,youshouldcertainlytrytotakeawaytheirsoapbox(讲台).Ifyou’rethehost,youcanaskthemtohelpyouinthekitchenwithsomethingandjustremovethemfromthesituation.4.Andwhataboutthatotherdinner-partykiller:awkwardsilence?Ifyou’refacedwithanawkwardsilenceatadinnerparty,theonlythingthatalwaysgetseveryonetalkingagainistogivethehostacompliment(赞扬).5.Justquicklyturnaroundandsay,“Thiscakeisextremelydeliciousandyouhavetotellmeallaboutit.”Sobeinginterestingatadinnerpartyisn’tthathard.A.HowdoyouknowthehostB.ThefirststepistogoexploringC.Ifyouaskthequestion“Howdidyougethere?”D.BepreparedtohaveawkwardconversationswithstrangersE.OrturntheconversationintoatopicwheretheyhavelittletosayF.Whataboutthatpersonwhohadtoomuchtodrinkorwon’tstoptalkingG.Heorsheisthepersonwhoisfeelingtheweightofthatawkwardnessthemost文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在晚宴上让自己表现得有趣的一些方法。1.B。根据上文可知，下文应主要讲述如何在晚宴上让自己变得有趣。下文可推知，本段主要说明想在晚宴上让自己变得有趣，就要勇于冒险，勇于探索。由此可知，B项“Thefirststepistogoexploring”承上启下，符合题意。2.C。根据下文可知，设空处应该是提了一个不太好的问题，只是开始交流，但并不会给人留下有趣的印象。由此可知，C项Ifyouaskthequestion“Howdidyougethere?”能够承接下文，符合题意。3.F。根据下文可知，此处指出了一个问题的解决办法。由此推知，设空处提到了一个棘手的问题。F项“Whataboutthepersonwhohashadtoomuchtodrinkorwon’tstoptalking”正是提出的问题，引出下文的解决办法，符合题意。4.E。根据上文“Ifyoucan’ttaketheirwineaway,youshouldcertainlytrytotakeawaytheirsoapbox(讲台).Ifyou’rethehost,youcanaskthemtohelpyouinthekitchenwithsomethingandjustremovethemfromthesituation.”可知，本段主要是为解决“喝太多酒或一直说个不停”这个问题提供方法。由此可知，E项“Orturntheconversationintoatopicwheretheyhavelittletosay”是提出的另一个解决办法，承接上文，符合题意。5.G。根据上文可知，此处指出赞美主人可以缓解尴尬的沉默，设空处承上启下，下文“Thiscakeisextremelydeliciousandyouhavetotellmeallaboutit.”对主人进行了赞美。由此可知，宴会上出现尴尬的沉默时，最尴尬的就是主人，所以需要赞美主人来缓解尴尬。G项“Heorsheisthepersonwhoisfeelingtheweightofthatawkwardnessthemost”承上启下，符合题意。Passage3年份体裁话题全文词数建议用时段首段中段尾2021新高考全国卷I说明文体验巴黎人别样生活方式3537min140MyhusbandandIjustspentaweekinParis.Sothefirstthingwedidwasrentafantasticallyexpensivesixth-floorapartmentthesizeofacupboard.Itwassotinythatwehadtoleaveoursuitcasesinthehallway.Theplacewasn’tentirelyauthentic,though.UnlikeanormalParisianapartment,theplumbing(水管)worked.Ourbuildingevenhadatinyliftwithafemalevoicethatsaid,“Ouverturedesportes,”inperfectFrench.ThatistheonlyFrenchphraseImastered,andit’sashameIdon’thavemuchuseforit.Parisiansaredifferentfromyouandme.Theyneverlooklazyoruntidy.Assomeonenotedinthispaperacoupleofweeksago,theyeatgreatfoodandnevergainweight.Frenchstrawberriesdonottastelikecardboard.Instead,theyexplodeinyourmouthlikelittleflavorbombs.OnourfirstmorninginParis,Iwentaroundthecornertothefoodmarkettopickupsomegroceries.Iboughtahandfulofperfectlyripesmallstrawberriesandalittlesweetmelon.MyhusbandandIagreedtheywerethebestfruitwehadevereaten.Buttheycost$18!InFrance,qualityoflifeismuchmoreimportantthanefficiency(效率).Youcantellthisbycafélife.Frenchcafésarealwayscrowded.Whendothesepeoplework?TheFrenchtaketheir35-hourworkweekseriously—soseriouslythatsomelaborunionsrecentlystruckadealwithagroupofcompanieslimitingthenumberofhoursthatindependentcontractorscanbeoncall.A.Notallthecustomersaretourists.B.ThequalityoflifeinFranceisequallyexcellent.C.Therewasanicekitchenandacomfortablebed.D.Theamazingfoodismainlyconsumedbylocalfarmers.E.That’snottheonlyreasontheFrencheatlessthanwedo.F.Ouraimwastoseeifwecouldlive,insomeway,likerealParisians.G.Thefoodissodeliciousthatyoudon’tneedmuchofittomakeyouhappy.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过亲身经历，体验了巴黎人的生活方式，不仅有昂贵的公寓、美味的食物，还有舒缓的生活节奏和令世人羡慕的35小时周工作制。1.F。结合下句“...thefirstthingwedidwasrentafantasticallyexpensivesixth-floorapartment...”可知，作者租赁了在六楼的公寓，暗示开始像法国人那样生活。2.C。结合下句中的“evenhadatinylift”可知，这里谈的是公寓的设施，厨房、床、微型电梯等都属于这个范围。3.G。结合上文中的“greatfood”与下句中的“explodeinyourmouthlikelittleflavorbombs”可知，这里描述的是食物的美味及带给人的愉悦。4.E。上一段介绍了法国人吃得少的一个原因，本段继续说另一个原因，故选E承上启下。5.A。结合下句，作者提出“Whendothesepeoplework”的疑问，暗示这里的顾客并不都是游客，很多是法国人。Passage4年份体裁话题全文词数建议用时段首段中段尾2021新高考全国卷II说明文帮助提高阅读速度的建议3276.5min122Iftheonlyreadingyoueverdoisthenovelormagazine,thespeedatwhichyouread-probablydoesnotmatterverymuch.Butifyouhavetoreadagreatdealforstudy,youwillappreciatethebenefitsofbeingabletoreadmorequickly.1Beforeyouopenthebook,makesurethatyouarecomfortable.Youneedaseatwhichsupportsyourbackandthebookshouldbeattherightdistancefromyoureyes.23Lookatthetableofcontents,thepreface,thechapterheading,etc.Thiswillhelpyoutodecidewhetheryoureallyneedtoreadthewholebookoronlycertainpartsofit.Tenminutesspentinthiswaycouldsaveyouquitealotoftimeinthelongrun.Ifyoudecidethatyouneedtoreadthewholebook,decidehowmuchyoucanreadatatime.4Ahistorybookwhichmaycontainthefactsinstoryformwillbeeasiertoreadthanonedealingwithscientificsubjects.Intheformercaseyoumaybeabletoreadachapter.Inthelatteryoumayonlybeabletoreadonepage.Alwayskeepapencilandpaperbesideyou.5.Notealsothefactsimportantforyourpurposeaswellasanythingwhichleadsyoutofurtherresearch.Youdon'thavetowritethesethingsindetail.Itisenoughtoputthepagenumberandoneortwowordsasareminder.A.Stoptohavearestnowandthen.B.Spendafewminuteslookingthroughthebook.C.Thisdependsonthetypeofbookyouarereading.D.Herearesometipstohelpimproveyourreadingspeed.E.Makeanoteofanypagewhichisofspecialimportance.F.Youmayfindyourselfhavingtolearnsomethingbyheart.G.Keeptheroomcoolratherthanwarmtoavoidfeelingsleepy.文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。1.D。根据上文“Iftheonlyreadingyoueverdoisthenovelormagazine,thespeedatwhichyouread-probablydoesnotmatterverymuch.Butifyouhavetoreadagreatdealforstudy,youwillappreciatethebenefitsofbeingabletoreadmorequickly.（如果你唯一的阅读是小说或杂志，那么你阅读的速度可能并不重要。但是，如果你必须大量阅读来学习，你就会感激能够更快地阅读的好处。）”可知，接下来要介绍提高阅读速度的方法。D项：Herearesometipstohelpimproveyourreadingspeed.（这里有一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。）符合语境。2.G。根据本段主题句“Beforeyouopenthebook,makesurethatyouarecomfortable.（在你打开书之前，确保你感到舒服。）”可知，本段主要说明要给自己创造舒适的阅读环境。G项：Keeptheroomcoolratherthanwarmtoavoidfeelingsleepy.（保持房间凉爽而不是温暖以避免困倦。）符合语境。3.B。空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Lookatthetableofcontents,thepreface,thechapterheading,etc（查看目录、前言、章节标题等。）”可知，本段主要讲述在阅读一本书之前要先浏览一下大致内容。B项：Spendafewminuteslookingthroughthebook.（花几分钟浏览一下这本书。）符合语境。4.C。根据上文“Ifyoudecidethatyouneedtoreadthewholebook,decidehowmuchyoucanreadatatime.（如果你决定要读完整本书，决定一下你一次能读多少。）”和下文“Ahistorybookwhichmaycontainthefactsinstoryformwillbeeasiertoreadthanonedealingwithscientificsubjects.（以故事形式包含事实的历史书比科学题材的书更容易阅读。）”可知，看书时间的长短取决于书的类型。C项：Thisdependsonthetypeofbookyouarereading.（这取决于你读的书的类型。）符合语境。5.E。根据段落主题句“Alwayskeepapencilandpaperbesideyou.（总是在身边放一支铅笔和一张纸。）”可知，本段强调要随时注意记笔记。E项：Makeanoteofanypagewhichisofspecialimportance.（把任何有特别重要的一页都记下来。）符合语境。Passage5年份体裁话题全文词数建议用时段首段中段尾2021浙江6月卷说明文创建交友网站过程及成就3497min041You’vegotmail…andit’sapostcardPauloMagalhaes,a34-year-oldPortuguesecomputerengineer,lovestoopenhismailboxandfindabrightlycoloredpictureofRome’sColosseum.OrAfrica’sVictoriaFalls.OrChina’sGreatWall.1"Ioftensendpostcardstofamilyandfriends."hesaystoChinaDaily,"butyoucanimaginethatafterawhile,youneverreceiveasmanyasyousend,andyourealizethatnoteveryoneisintoit2”Seekingotherlike-mindedsouls,however,Paulostartedlookinginasomewhatunlikelyplace:online.ManywouldsaytheInternetisaplaceforpeoplewhohavegivenuponthetraditionalpostalservice,butPaulo’shunch（直觉）paidoff.Todayhishobbyhasdevelopedintothewebsite,asocialnetworkthathasgrownto575,217registeredusersin214countriesandregionssincehestartedit10yearsago.3Runningthewebsitehasalmostturnedintoafull-timejob.Languageiscertainlyabarrierformanypeople.Forpostcrossingtoworkworldwide,acommoncommunicationlanguageisneededsothateveryonecanunderstandeachother.AscoolasitmaybetoreceiveapostcardwritteninChinese,theconceptdoesn’tworkifonedoesn’tunderstandit.4Soacommonlanguageisrequiredandinpostcrossingthat’sEnglishsinceit’swidelyspoken."ManypeopleinChinahavelimitedexposuretoEnglish.5Thatsaid,weknowofmanypostcrossingmembers,includingChinese,whohaveactuallyimprovedtheirEnglishskillsthroughtheiruseofpostcrossing,"Paulosays.A.Andthat’stotallyfine.B.Thatmakesitextrahardtolearnandpracticeit.C.Helikestothinkofsendingpostcardsasafamily-friendlyhobby.D.Manylovetomakeaconnectionwithsomeonefromacrosstheworld.E.OnAugust5,thenumberofpostcardsexchangedbymemberstopped31million.F.Similarly,ifyouspeakonlyChinese,receivingacardinSwedishtakespartofthefunaway.G.Inshort,helovespostcards,andtheexcitementofgettingahand-writtennotefromsomeonefaraway.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，介绍PauloMagalhaes创建的过程及目前所取得的成就。1.G。由上文可知，该段在描述PauloMagalhaes喜欢打开邮箱收到照片的事实，所以G项“简而言之，他喜欢明信片，以及收到远方某人手写的便条时的那种兴奋”，承接上文，符合语境。故正确答案为G。2.A。根据上文中和下文“Seekingotherlike-mindedsouls,however,Paulostartedlookinginasomewhatunlikelyplace:online.”可知，PauloMagalhaes收到的明信片并没有寄出去的多，并意识到并不是每个人都喜欢这样，但是他没有气馁，而是转而在网上寻找其他志同道合的人，所以A项“这完全没问题”，承上启下，符合语境。故正确答案为A。3.E。根据上文可知，此处主要在描述PauloMagalhaes创建的网站所取得的成就，所以E项“8月5日，会员互赠的明信片数量达到3100万张”，承接上文，符合语境。故正确答案为E。4.F。根据上文可知，此处在描述语言障碍，所以F项“同样，如果你只会说中文，那么收到瑞典语的卡片就会失去一部分乐趣”，承接上文，符合语境。故正确答案为F。5.B。根据上文“ManypeopleinChinahavelimitedexposuretoEnglish.”可知，此处在描述一些人对英语并不熟练这一现象，其导致的结果便是他们使用postcrossing会比较困难，所以B项“这使得学习和练习它变得格外困难”，承接上文，符合语境。故正确答案为B。Passage6年份体裁话题全文词数建议用时段首段中段尾2021浙江1月卷说明文购物排队结账问题及对策3386.5min131Yourunintothegrocerystoretopickuponebottleofwater.Yougetwhatyouneed,headtothefront,andchoosethelinethatlooksfastest.Youchosewrong.Peoplewhoyousweargotinotherlineslongafteryouarealreadycheckedoutandofftotheparkinglot.1Itturnsout,it’sjustmathworkingagainstyou;chancesare,theotherlinereallyisfaster.Grocerystorestrytohaveenoughemployeesatcheckouttogetalltheircustomersthroughwithminimumdelay.2Anysmallinterruption—apricecheck,achattycustomer—canhavedownstreameffects,holdingupanentireline.Iftherearethreelinesinthestore,delayswillhappenrandomlyatdifferentregisters.Thinkabouttheprobability:3Soit’snotjustinyourmind:Anotherlineprobablyismovingfaster.Researchershaveagoodwaytodealwiththisproblem.Makeallcustomersstandinonelong,snakingline—calledaserpentineline—andserveeachpersonatthefrontwiththenextavailableregister.4Thisiswhattheydoatmostbanksandfast-foodrestaurants.Withaserpentineline,alongdelayatoneregisterwon’tunfairlypunishthepeoplewholinedupbehindit.Instead,itwillslowdowneveryonealittlebitbutspeedupcheckoutoverall.5Ittakesmanyregisterstokeeponelinemovingquickly,andsomestorescan’taffordthespaceormanpower.Sowhereveryournextwaitmaybe:Goodluck.A.Whydoesthisalwaysseemtohappentoyou?B.Sowhydon’tmostplacesencourageserpentinelines?C.Someofthemmayhavestoodinaqueueforalmostanhour.D.Thechancesofyourlinebeingthefastestareonlyoneinthree.E.Howhighistheprobabilitythatyouareinthefastestwaitingline?F.Withthreeregisters,thismethodismuchfasterthanthetraditionalapproach.G.Butsometimes,asonaSundayafternoon,thesystemgetsparticularlybusy.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，分析了在杂货店排队结账是出现的一种现象并提出了解决办法。1.A。上文描述了你排队结账时，发现自己排的队伍总是比别的队伍慢这一现象，下文的Itturnsout,it’sjustmathworkingagainstyou;chancesare,theotherlinereallyisfaster.点明了结论，所以空白处应为对该现象提出的疑问。结合选项来看，只有A项的内容与结论的内容相匹配。2.G。空白处前提到食品杂货店希望将结账延误降到最低，空后提到任何小小的干扰都会拖慢整个队伍，两者形成转折，空处应明确转折关系，故G项符合语境。G项中的busy呼应下文的smallinterruption,holdingupanentireline。3.D。空前的probability与D项中的chances和oneinthreeI呼应同时D项与空后一句“Soit’snotjustinyourmind:Anotherlineprobablyismovingfaster”意义一致，符合语境。4.F。前一段提到如果商店中排起了三个结账的队伍，那么结账时延误情况的出现是随机的。本段提到研究人员为解决这一问题，想出了一个好办法:让所有人排成一队，排在最前面的人到可用的收银机处结账。F项能很好地承接上文，同时F项中的thismethod是空后This的指代对象。5.B。空后一句解释了很多商店不采用只排一个队伍结账的办法的原因。故B项符合语境。Passage7年份体裁话题全文词数建议用时段首段中段尾2021北京卷说明文音乐对人体好处3397min230Musichaslongbeenconsideredtobeanenjoyablepastimeformanypeople.____1____Thementalhealthbenefitsfrommusiccan'tbeargued.Musiccouldalsobehelpingyouwithmanyotherhealthproblemsbehindthescenes.____2____However,forthesamereason,musiccanbeverybeneficialifoneisinpain.Bydistracting（分心）themindfromthepain,music,peoplesay,canlowerstressandanxietylevels.This,ofcourse,canleadtolesspain.Manypeopleenjoyrelaxingmusicintheeveningpriortogoingtobed.____3____Whilethevalidityoftheideaisstillbeingassessed,theloweredstresscanevenbetiedbacktobloodpressure.Similarly,accordingtoresearchers,listeningtojust30minutesofsoftmusiceverydaymayhelpwithhealthybloodsugarlevels,throughtheloweringofstressandanxiety.Whenitcomestohearthealth,thereisspeculation（推测）thatit'snotthestyleofmusic,butratherthetempothatmakesitsogoodforyourhearthealth.InoneEuropeanstudy,participantslistenedtomusicastheresearchersmonitoredtheirheartratesandbloodpressure.____4____Ontheotherhand,whenthemusicslowed,theparticipants'stressandanxietylevelsbecamelowerandtheeffectsonheartratesappearedtofollowsuit.____5____Butthereisawholerangeofotherhealthissuesthatturninguptheradiocouldbebeneficialfor,whichiswhatmakesmusicsovaluable.A.Thisfeelingcanalsoresultinmanyotherhealthproblems.B.Someexpertssaythatmusiccanbeharmfulifitistooloud.C.Thisideaisalittleoff-the-wallbutstillhasscientificbacking.D.Theysayitcanplayabigroleincalmingthebrainenoughtosleep.E.Theimplicationsofmusiconoverallwell-beingarereallyimpressive.F.Itisalsohighlypopularduetotheindividualizedeffectsonstressandanxiety.G.Interestingly,themorecheerfulthemusicwas,thefastertheirheartrateswere.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文,主要讲的是音乐对身体的好处。1.空格后说“Thementalhealthbenefitsfrommusiccan'tbeargued”（音乐对心理健康的益处是毋庸置疑的）,F选项Itisalsohighlypopularduetotheindividualizedeffectsonstressandanxiety中的stressandanxiety照应了mentalhealthbenefits,因此F选项切合题意,故选F。2.空格后说“However,forthesamereason,musiccanbeverybeneficialifoneisinpain”（然而,出于同样的原因,当一个人处于痛苦中时,音乐是非常有益的）,However表转折,因此空格处为对音乐的负面评价,B选项Someexpertssaythatmusiccanbeharmfulifitistooloud中的harmful就是负面评价,因此B选项切合题意,故选B。3.空格前说“Manypeopleenjoyrelaxingmusicintheeveningpriortogoingtobed”（许多人喜欢在晚上睡觉前听些轻松的音乐）,D选项Theysayitcanplayabigroleincalmingthebrainenoughtosleep中的sleep和goingtobed相呼应,因此D选项切合题意,故选D。4.空格前说“InoneEuropeanstudy,participantslistenedtomusicastheresearchersmonitoredtheirheartratesandbloodpressure”（在欧洲的一项研究中,参与者听音乐,研究人员监测他们的心率和血压）,G选项Interestingly,themorecheerfulthemusicwas,thefastertheirheartrateswere中的heartrates和前面的heartrates相照应,因此G选项切合题意,故选G。5.空格后说“Butthereisawholerangeofotherhealthissuesthatturninguptheradiocouldbebeneficialfor,whichiswhatmakesmusicsovaluable”（但是,开着收音机还可以对一系列其他的健康问题有益,这就是音乐如此有价值的原因）,因此本段讲的是音乐对身体总的好处,E选项Theimplicationsofmusiconoverallwell-beingarereallyimpressive讲的是音乐对整体健康的影响是非常令人印象深刻的,因此E选项切合题意,故选E。专题09七选五之五年高考真题--2022年高考英语第二轮复习小题狂练2016年真题题组Passage1年份体裁话题全文词数建议用时段首段中段尾2016全国Ⅰ卷说明文密码编制与破解的方式2996min140Secretcodes(密码)keepmessagesprivate.Banks,companies,andgovernmentagenciesusesecretcodesindoingbusiness,especiallywheninformationissentbycomputer.Peoplehaveusedsecretcodesforthousandsofyears.1Codebreakingneverlags(落后)farbehindcodemaking.Thescienceofcreatingandreadingcodedmessagesiscalledcryptography.Therearethreemaintypesofcryptography.2Forexample,thefirstlettersof"Myelephanteatstoomanyeels"spelloutthehiddenmessage"Meetme."3Youmightrepresenteachletterwithanumber,forexample.Let'snumberthelettersofthealphabet,inorder,from1to26.Ifwesubstituteanumberforeachletter,themessage"Meetme"wouldread"135520135."Acodeusessymbolstoreplacewords,phrases,orsentences.Toreadthemessageofarealcode,youmusthaveacodebook.4Forexample,"bridge"mightstandfor"meet"and"out"mightstandfor"me."Themessage"Bridgeout"wouldactuallymean"Meetme."5However,itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong.Socodesmustbechangedfrequently.A.Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.B.Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.C.Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.D.Aslongastherehavebeencodes,peoplehavetriedtobreakthem.E.Youcanhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspellitout.F.Withacodebook,youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.G.Anotherwaytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet.文章大意：文章主要介绍了与密码学相关的编码与破解知识。1.D。根据后面一句"Codebreakingneverlags(落后)farbehindcodemaking"可知，此空该选D（只要有密码的存在，人们就会试图去破解它们）。2.E。上句提到:有三种主要的密码设定方式。下句提到:例如，“Myelephanteatstoomanyeels”的首字母就拼出了“Meetme”这隐藏起来的信息。由此可知本句应该为一种密码的设定方式，根据下句举到的例子可知E项正确，意为“你可以用每个单词的首字母拼写出一条信息，以此来隐藏它。3.G。上段指出有三种主要的密码设定方式，并且已经提到了种，本段应该指出另外一种。下文举例说明了用数字来代替字母的密码方式，由此可知G项能起到统领本段的作用，意为“另外一种隐藏信息的方式就是用符号来代替字母表中特定的字母。”4.F。上句指出:要解读某个真实密码的信息，你必须要有密码本。本句是对上句的解释说明，结合下文举到的例子，可推断出本句主要解释如何利用密码本来破解隐藏起来的信息。F项符合语境，意为“拥有了密码本，你也许就能写出代表其他单词的单词。”5.A。上文指出了利用密码本来破解密码的方式。A项是总结上文内容得出的结论，意为“没有密码本就很难破解密码”，而且根据下句……itisalsohardto.”的句型结构也可得知A项符合语境。Passage2年份体裁话题全文词数建议用时段首段中段尾2016全国IⅠ卷说明文搭建合适花园建议与好处2976min140Agardenthat'sjustrightforyouHaveyouevervisitedagardenthatseemedjustrightforyou,wheretheatmosphereofthegardenappearedtototalmorethanthesum(总和)ofitsparts?1.Butitdoesn'thappenbyaccident.Itstartswithlookinginsideyourselfandunderstandingwhoyouarewithrespecttothenaturalworldandhowyouapproachthegardeningprocess.●2Somepeoplemaythinkthatagardenisnomorethanplants,flowers,patternsandmassesofcolor.Othersareconcernedaboutusinggardeningmethodsthatrequirelesswaterandfewerfertilizers(肥料).3.However,thereareanumberofotherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden.Oneofthemcomesfromourearliestyears.●Recall(回忆)yourchildhoodmemoriesOurmodelofwhatagardenshouldbeoftengoesbacktochildhood.Grandma'srosegardenandDad'svegetablegardenmightbegoodorbad,butthat'snotwhat'simportant.4—howbeinginthosegardensmadeusfeel.Ifyou'dliketobuildapowerfulbondwithyourgarden,startbytakingsometimetorecallthegardensofyouryouth.5.Thengooutsideandworkoutaplantotranslateyourchildhoodmemoriesintoyourgrown-upgarden.Havefun.A.KnowwhyyougardenB.FindagoodplaceforyourowngardenC.It'sourexperienceofthegardenthatmattersD.It'sdelightfultoseesomanybeautifulflowersE.StillothersmaysimplyenjoybeingoutdoorsandclosetoplantsF.Youcanproducethatkindofmagicalqualityinyourowngarden,tooG.Foreachofthosegardens,writedownthestrongestmemoryyouhave文章大意：本文介绍了如何搭建一个正好适合你的花园，亲近自然，体验园艺快乐，重温童年时代美好记忆。1.F。根据文章首句及下文的"Butitdoesn’thappenbyaccident"可知，这里是在讲"你是否曾去过一个花园……但是它不是偶然发生的"。故F项"Youcanproducethatkindofmagicalqualityinyourowngarden,too"符合语境。2.A。根据下文中的"anumberofotherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden"可知，本段的主题应与你想要种植花园的原因有关，故选A项。3.E。根据上文的"Somepeoplemaythink..."和"Othersareconcernedabout..."可知此处表达的是人们种植花园的不同原因，而E项中的"Stillothersmaysimplyenjoy..."与上下文衔接自然，故选E项。4.C。根据上文的"...butthat’snotwhat’simportant"和下文中的"howbeinginthosegardensmadeusfeel"可知此处讲的应是什么是重要的，故C项符合语境。5.G。上文的"thegardensofyouryouth"以及下文的"yourchildhoodmemories"与G项中的"thosegardens"和"thestrongestmemoryyouhave"相呼应，故选G项。Passage3年份体裁话题全文词数建议用时段首段中段尾2016全国ⅠII卷说明文买鱼和烹制鱼的简单方法2585min140Everyoneknowsthatfishisgoodforhealth.1Butitseemsthatmanypeopledon'tcookfishathome.Americanseatonlyaboutfifteenpoundsoffishperpersonperyear,butweeattwiceasmuchfishinrestaurantsasathome.Buying,storing,andcookingfishisn'tdifficult.2Thistextisabouthowtobuyandcookfishinaneasyway.3Freshfishshouldsmellsweet:youshouldfeelthatyou'restandingattheocean'sedge.Anyfishyorstrongsmellmeansthefishisn'tfresh.4Whenyouhaveboughtafishandarrivehome,you'dbetterstorethefishintherefrigeratorifyoudon'tcookitimmediately,butfreshfishshouldbestoredinyourfridgeforonlyadayortwo.Frozenfishisn'tastastyasthefreshone.Therearemanycommonmethodsusedtocookfish.5First,cleanitandseasonitwithyourchoiceofspices(调料).Putthewholefishonaplateandsteamitinasteampotfor8to10minutesifitweighsaboutonepound.(Alargeronewilltakemoretime.)Then,it'sreadytoserve.A.Donotbuyit.B.Theeasiestistosteamit.C.Thisishowyoucandoit.D.Itjustrequiresalittleknowledge.E.Thefishwillgobadwithinhours.F.Whenbuyingfish,youshouldfirstsmellit.G.Thefatsinfisharethoughttohelppreventheartdisease.文章大意：本文介绍了如何用简单的方法购买鱼和烹制鱼。1.G。由第1空后的句意表示转折可知，转折前的句子在语意上应该保持一致，即说明吃鱼对健康的益处。故选G。2.D。空前一句提到对鱼的选购、储存和烹制并不困难，空后一句讲本文是关于如何以一种简单的方式购买和烹制鱼的，故选D"这只需要一点点知识就能做好"。3.F。段落的支撑细节始终围绕主题句展开，本段中第二、三句围绕如何通过嗅觉来鉴别鱼是否新鲜，因此可以判断F项正确。4.A。第4空前提到，浓烈的气味说明鱼已不新鲜，故不能买这种鱼。据此可知A项正确。5.B。本段的主题为如何烹制鱼，下文讲到了烹制鱼的步骤：首先，洗净鱼；其次，添加调料；最后，将装有鱼的盘子放入蒸锅中，蒸8至10分钟即可食用（以重约为一磅的鱼为例）。故选B项"最简单的方法是蒸"。Passage4年份体裁话题全文词数建议用时段首段中段尾2016北京卷说明文喜欢冒险的来源和科学依据3386.5min131TheScienceofRisk-SeekingSometimeswedecidethatalittleunnecessarydangerisworthitbecausewhenweweightheriskandthereward,theriskseemsworthtaking.1Someofusenjoyactivitiesthatwouldsurpriseandscaretherestofus.Why?Expertssayitmayhavetodowithhowourbrainswork.Thereasonwhyanyofustakeanyrisksatallmighthavetodowithearlyhumans.Risk-takerswerebetterathunting,fighting,orexploring.2Asthequalityofrisk-takingwaspassedfrom