定语从句 市赛获奖

Unit1GrammarGrammarandusageAttributiveclauses定语从句的定义在英语中，如果修饰或限制一个名词或代词的成分是一个从句，这样的从句就叫定语从句。一般说来，在句子中起修饰或限制作用的都是由形容词所充当，故定语从句又称为形容词性从句。

ThecomputerthatIboughtinNanjing

thissummerworkswell.相关概念先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词（组）。关系词：连接定语从句和主句并在定语从句中起作用的词。关系词关系代词关系副词

that,which(先行词指物时)that,who先行词指人时that(先行词指“人＋物”时)

when时间：状语

where地点；状语

why原因；状语（在从句中做主、宾、表）（在从句中做主、宾、表）（在从句中做主、宾、表）

关系限定词whose在从句中限定另一名词。…关系词的分类关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

that多指物，在从句中作主语或作动词的宾语。（that作宾语时可省）

1)

Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.2)Whowashurtintheaccident

thathappenedyesterday?3)

Haveyoufoundthebike

thatyoulost?

2.which

指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。作主语不可省略，作宾语可以省略。(which

与that

指物时可以互相代替，that更常见）

1)Hisfatherworksinafactory

that

makesTVsets.Hisfatherworksinafactory

which

makesTVsets.

2)Thefilmthat

wesawlastnightwasverywonderful.Thefilm

which

wesawlastnightwasverywonderful.3.who指人(既它的先行词必须是人),在从句中作主语或宾语。whom是宾格,只能作宾语。(that也可指人，代替who、whom，可作主语或宾语)

1)Thetwogirlswhoweren’tbadlyhurtintheaccidentaremyclassmates.Thetwogirls

thatweren’tbadlyhurtintheaccidentaremyclassmates.

2)Heknewtheteacher

whowemetyesterday.Heknewtheteacher

whomwemetyesterday.4.whose是代词的所有格形式,它既可以指代人也可以指代物。

Isawawoman.Herbagwasstolen.Isawawoman

whosebagwasstolen.

Pleaseshowmethebook.Itscoverisred.Pleaseshowmethebook

whosecoverisred.

I’llcallaperson.Hisfatherknowsyou.I’llcallaperson

whosefatherknowsyou.关系代词与介词介词放在关系代词的前面时,关系代词只能用which代物、whom代人。(介词在定语从句句尾时,关系词可以省略)1)Thisisthehero(whom)weareproudof.Thisisthehero

ofwhomweareproud.Thisisthehero(that)weareproudof.2)Sheisthegirl

whomIwentwiththere.Sheisthegirlwith

whomIwentthere.Sheisthegirl(that)Iwenttherewith.

3)Theroom

(that)Iliveinisverybig.Theroom

(which)Iliveinisverybig.Theroom

inwhichIliveisverybig.Theroom

whereIliveisverybig.注意:

固定动介词组不可分割,介词不能提前。例如:lookafter,lookat…定语从句可分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。非限定性定语从句通常修饰前面整个句子。

Myfatherisanastronaut,whichmakesmeveryproud.

注意：that不能引导非限定性定语从句。下面请看只能用that引导定语从句先行词是不定代词：all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等。Allthatwehavetodoistopractiseeveryday.2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰。ThefirstlessonthatIlearnedwillneverbeforgotten.

3)先行词被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some,等修饰。Ihavereadallthebook(that)yougaveme.4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。HeistheonlypersonthatIwanttotalkto.5)

先行词既有人又有物时

Theytalkedofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedintheschool.Translation1.我认识站在那边的那个女孩。2.请把昨天你买的钢笔给我。3.这就是在我们班中英语最好的学生。Iknowthegirlwho/thatisstandingoverthere.Pleasegivemethepen(which/that)youboughtyesterday.ThisisthestudentwhoseEnglishisthebestinourclass.高考链接1.Manychildren,

parentsareawayworkinginbigcities，aretakengoodcareofinthevillage.（2009安徽）

A.their

B.whoseC.ofthem

D.withwhomB2.Aperson______e-mailaccountisfullwon’tbeabletosendorreceiveanye-mails.(2009天津) A.whoB.whom C.whoseD.whoeverC3.IwasborninNewOrleans,Louisiana,acity

namewillcreateapictureofbeautifultreesandgreengrassinourmind.（2009湖南）

A.which

B.ofwhich

C.that

D.whoseD4.Thehouse________Igrewup

hasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding.（2009江西）

A.init

B.in

C.inthat

D.inwhichD5.I'vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool_____ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.（2010湖南） A.who B.where C.when D.which A6.Thegirlarrangedtohavepianolessonsatthetrainingcentrewithhersister______shewouldstayforanhour.（2010江西） Awhere Bwho Cwhich DwhatA7.That’sthenewmachine______partsaretoosmalltobeseen.（2010山东） A.that B.which C.whose D.WhatC8.CanyoubelieveIhadtopay30dollarsforahaircut?Youshouldtrythebarber’s_____Igo.It’sonly15.（2010天津） A.as B.which C.where D.thatC9.Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething______wassomeoneelse’sfault.（2010全国Ⅱ） A.who B.that C.as D.whatB10.Shehasagiftforcreatinganatmosphereforherstudents____allowsthemtocommunicatefreelywitheachother.（2011福建）A.whichB.whereC.whatD.who11.Thedaysaregone________physicalstrengthwasallyouneededtomakealiving.(2011天津)A.whenB.thatC.whereD.whichAA(2013安徽)MoYanwasawardedtheNobelPrizeforLiteraturein2012,_____madeoneoftheChinesepeople’slong-helddreamscometrue.A.itB.thatC.whatD.which(2013湖南)Happinessandsuccessoftencometothose________aregoodatrecognizingtheirownstrengths.A.whom B.whoC.what D.whichDB(2013天津)Wehavelaunchedanotherman-madesatellite,____isannouncedintoday’snewspaper.A.that B.whichC.whoD.what(201