高考英语 动词时态高考英语陷阱题总结归纳动词时态附详解牛津版

#/11高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——动词时态♦典型陷阱题分析♦“Ihistelephonenumber.”“Ihavehisnumber,butItobringmyphonebook.”forget,forgetforgot,forgotforget,forgotforgot,forget【陷阱】容易误选A,认为“忘记”是现在的事。【分析】仔细体会一下对话的语境：第一个人说“我忘记他的电话号码了”，这个“忘记”应该是现在的情况,即现在忘记了,要不然就没有必要同对方说此话了,故第一空应填forget；第二个人说“我有他的号码，但我忘记带电话本了”，这个“忘记”应该是过去的情况,即过去忘记带电话本,所以现在电话本不在身上（注意句中的转折连词but）,故第二空应填forgot,即答案选应C.请再看一例：—Oh,Iwherehelives.—Don'tyoucarryyouraddressbook？No,Itobringit.forget,forgetB.forgot,forgotC.forget,forgotD.forgot,forget答案选C，理由同上。Ihadhopedtoseeheroffatthestation,butItoobusy.A.wasB.hadbeenC.wouldbeD.wouldhavebeen【陷阱】容易误选B或D，认为前句用了hadhoped,所以此句谓语要用B或D与之呼应。【分析】但正确答案为A,前一句谓语用hadhoped,表示的是过去未曾实现的想法或打算，可以译为“本想”，而后一句说“我太忙”，这是陈述过去的一个事实，所以要用一般过去时。请做以下类似试题（答案均为A）：（1）Wehadhopedtocatchthe10：20train,butitwasgone.A.foundB.hadfoundC.wouldfindD.wouldhavefound（2）Wehadhopedthatyouwouldbeabletovisitus,butyou.A.didn'tB.hadn'tC.needn'tD.wouldnothave（3）Wehadwantedtocometoseehim,butwenotime.A.hadB.hadhadC.wouldhaveD.wouldhavehad（4）Ihadexpectedtocomeovertoseeyoulastnight,butsomeoneandIcouldn'tgetaway.A.calledB.hadcalledC.wouldcallD.wouldhavecalled（5）Thetrafficaccidentwouldn'thavehappenedyesterday,butthedriverreallycareless.A.wasB.isC.wereD.hadbeenDearme！Justatthetime！Inoideaitwassolate.A.look,haveB.looking,hadC.look,hadD.looking,have【陷阱】此题容易误选D,认为第一空用现在分词表伴随，第二空填have的一般现在时，以保持与前面时态的一致性。【分析】其实，此题应选C，第一空应填look,因为这是祈使句的谓语；第二空应填had，因为前一句说“看看时间吧”，这一看当然知道了现在很迟的情形，“不知道这么迟了”显然应是“过去”的事，故应用一般过去时态，许多同学由于忽略这一隐含的语境而误选。“Yourphonenumberagain？Iquitecatchit.”“It's4331577”didn'tB.couldn'tC.don'tD.can't【陷阱】此题容易误选C,认为此处要用一般现在时态，表示现在“没听清对方的话”。【分析】其实，此题答案应选A，根据上文的语境“请把你的电话号码再说一遍好吗？”可知“没听清对方的电话号码”应是在说此话以前，故应用一般过去时态。请看以下类似试题：（1）“MrSmithisn'tcomingtonight.”“Buthe.”A.promisesB.promisedC.willpromiseD.hadpromised答案选B,“他答应（要来）”应发生在过去。（2）“Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing！”“Oh,I'mterriblysorry..”A.I'mnotnoticingB.Iwasn'tnoticingC.Ihaven'tnoticedD.Idon'tnotice答案选B,“我没注意”是对方提醒之前的事，现经对方一提醒，当然注意到了。（3）“Ohit'syou！Iyou.”“I'vehadmyhaircut.”A.didn'trealizeB.haven'trealizedC.didn'trecognizeD.don'trecognized答案选C.“没认出是你”是说此话之前的事，说此话时显然已经认出了对方。（4）“What'shernewtelephonenumber？”“Oh,I.”A.forgetB.forgotC.hadforgottenD.amforgetting此题应选A，从语境上看，“忘记”的时间应是现在，即指现在不记得了。（5）“Sinceyou'veagreedtogo,whyaren'tyougettingready？”“ButIthatyouwouldhavemestartatonce.”A.don'trealizeB.didn'trealizeC.hadn'trealizedD.haven'trealized答案选B.“没意识到”是对方提醒之前的事。（6）“It'stwelveo'clock,IthinkImustbeoffnow.”“Oh,really？Iitatall.”don'trealizeB.haven'trealizedC.didn'trealizeD.hadn'trealized答案选c.“没意识到”是在听到的话之前的事。MrSmithabookaboutChinalastyearbutIdon'tknowwhetherhehasfinishedit.haswrittenB.wrotec.hadwrittenD.waswriting【陷阱】容易误选B或C.【分析】此题应选D,这是由butIdon'tknowwhetherhehasfinishedit这一句话的语境决定的，全句意为“史密斯先生去年在写一本书，但我不知道他现在是否写完了”。有的同学可能由于受lastyear的影响而误选B.但若选B,则句子前半部分的意思则变为“史密斯先生去年写了一本书”,既然是“写了”,那么这与下文的“但我不知道他现在是否写完了”相矛盾。Hehaschangedalot.Henotwhathe.is,isB.was,wasC.is,wasD.was,is【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】最佳答案选C,上文说“他”变化很大，即“他”现在不是过去的那个样子了，故第一空填is,第二空填was（其实第二空也可用usedtobe）。请看类例：“Whatplaceisit？”“Haven'tyoufoundoutwebackwherewe？”were,hadbeenB.havebeen,areC.are,wereD.are,hadbeen答案选C,Wearebackwherewewere的意思是“我们（现在）又回到刚才来过的地方”。Heisverybusy.Idon'tknowifheornottomorrow.A.comecomesA.comewillcomeD.iscoming【陷阱】此题容易误选B.认为if引导的是条件状语从句，从句谓语要用一般现在时表示将来意义。【分析】其实，此题答案应选C,句中if引导的不是条件状语从句（即ifM如果），而是宾语从句（即if=是否），句意为“他很忙，我不知道明天他是否会来。”请看以下类似试题：（1）Idon'tknowifshe,butifsheIes,comesB.willcome,willcomeC.comes,willcomeD.willcome,comes答案选D,第一个if引导的是宾语从句，第二个if引导的是条件状语从句。（2）“Whenhecome？”“Idon'tknow,butwhenhe,I'lltellyou.”does,comesB.will,willcomeC.does,willcomeD.will,comes答案选D,第一个when疑问副词，用于引出一个特殊疑问句；第二个when是从属连词，用于引导时间状语从句。（3）“Whenheisnotknownyet.”“Butwhenhe,hewillbewarmlywelcomed.”A.comes,comesB.willcome,willcomeC.comes,willcomeD.willcome,comes答案选D,第一个when引导的是主语从句，第二个when引导的是时间状语从句。Thebridge,which1688,needsrepairing.A.isdatedfromB.wasdatedfromC.datesfromD.datedfrom【陷阱】此题容易误选B或D，认为句中用了1688这个过去时间，所以应选过去时态，又因为datefrom不用于被动语态，所以只能选D.【分析】其实此题的最佳答案应是C，因为datefrom的意思是“自某时起存在至今”（=haveexistedsince），它通常用于一般现在时，而不用过去时态（尽管其后接的总是表示过去的时间）。如：Thechurchdatesfrom1176.这座教堂是六世纪建的。Thecastiedatesfromthe14thcentury.这座城堡是14世纪建的。但若所谈论的东西现在已不复存在，则可用一般过去时。如：Thechurch,whichdatedfromthe13thcentury,wasdestroyedinanearthquaketwoyearsago.那座教堂是13世纪建成的，两年前在一次地震中被毁了。注：与datefrom同义的datebackto也有类似用法。“You'veleftthelighton.”“Oh,soIhave.andturnitoff.”A.I'llgoB.I'vegoneC.IgoD.I'mgoing【陷阱】容易误选D.【分析】A和D两者均可表示将来，填入空格处似乎都可以。但实际上只有A是最佳的，因为根据上下文的语境来看，“我去把灯关掉”这一行为是说话人听了对方的话后临时想到的，而不是事先准备的。而按英语习惯：will和begoingto后接动词原形均可表示意图，但意图有强弱之分，如果是事先考虑过的意图，要用begoingto；如果不是事先考虑过的，而是说话时刻才临时想到的意图，则用will.比较：“I'vecomeoutwithoutanymoney.”“Nevermind,Iwilllendyousome.”“我出来没带钱。”“没关系，我借给你。”（句中用willlend，表示“借”钱给对方是临时想到的，即听了对方的话后临时作出的反应）I'veboughtatypewriterandI'mgoingtolearntotype.我买了台打字机，我想学打字。（句中用begoingtolearntotype表示说话人要学打字是事先准备的，并为此买了台打字机）♦精编陷阱题训练♦Lookatthatlittleboywanderingabout—perhapshehismother.A.willloseB.islosingC.hadlostD.haslostIt'sgoodthatwetotheparkbecauseit'sstartedtorain.A.don'tgoB.hadn'tgoneC.didn'tgoD.wasn'tgoingIforfiveminutes；whydon'ttheycome？A.amcallingB.calledC.wascallingD.havebeencallingYouyourturnsoyou'llhavetowait.

A.willmisshavemissedA.willmissaremissingD.hadmissedWetomovebutarestillconsideringwheretogoto.A.aredecidingB.decidedC.havedecidedD.haddecidedIleftmypenonthedeskandnowit'sgone；whoit？A.tookB.hastakenC.willtakeD.hadtaken7.Theywon'tbuyanynewclothesbecausetheymoneytobuyanewcar.A.saveB.weresavingC.havesavedD.aresavingC.willtakeD.hadtaken7.Theywon'tbuyanynewclothesbecausetheymoneytobuyanewcar.A.saveB.weresavingC.havesavedD.aresaving8.yourlastpoint8.yourlastpoint—couldyousayitagain？A.didn'tquitecatchB.don'tquitecatchC.hadn'tquitecatchD.can'tquitecatch9.You'llneverguesswhoImettoday—myoldteacher！Wefor20years.A.don'tmeetB.haven'tmetC.hadn'tmetD.couldn'tmeet10.A.didn'tquitecatchB.don'tquitecatchC.hadn'tquitecatchD.can'tquitecatch9.You'llneverguesswhoImettoday—myoldteacher！Wefor20years.A.don'tmeetB.haven'tmetC.hadn'tmetD.couldn'tmeet10.IfeelsureIherbeforesomewhere.B.havemetA.wastomeetB.havemetC.hadmetD.wouldmeetTheyhaven'tarrivedyetbutwethematanymoment.A.areexpectedB.haveexpectedC.areexpectingD.willexpectIthinkyoumustbemistakenaboutseeinghimatthetheatre；I'msureheabroadallweek.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.hadbeenThestudentsbusilywhenMissBrownwenttogetabooksheintheoffice.A.hadwritten,leftwerewriting,hasleftA.hadwritten,lefthadwritten,hadleftwerewriting,hadlefthadwritten,hadleftwerewriting,hadleft14.Itriedtophoneher,butevenasIshewasleavingthebuilding.A.phonedB.wouldphoneC.hadphonedD.wasphoning15.“Isupposeyouthatreportyet？”“Ifinishedityesterday,asamatteroffact.”14.Itriedtophoneher,butevenasIshewasleavingthebuilding.A.phonedB.wouldphoneC.hadphonedD.wasphoning15.“Isupposeyouthatreportyet？”“Ifinishedityesterday,asamatteroffact.”A.didn'tfinishB.haven'tfinishedC.hadn'tfinishedwasn'tfinishingC.hadn'tfinishedwasn'tfinishing—Didn'ttheguardseehimbreakingintothebank？—No,heintheotherdirection.—No,heintheotherdirection.A.waslookinghadlookedA.waslookinghadlookedC.lookedislookingHowcanyoupossiblymissthenews？ItonTValldaylong.C.lookedislookingHowcanyoupossiblymissthenews？ItonTValldaylong.A.hasbeenhadbeenA.hasbeenhadbeenC.wasD.willbeC.was“Ithoughtyoumighthavegotdrunk.”“Yes,IA.almosthavealmosthadA.almosthavealmosthadalmostdidmighthavealmostdidmighthave19.Youtelevision.Whynot19.Youtelevision.Whynotdosomethingmoreactive？A.alwayswatcharealwayswatchingA.alwayswatcharealwayswatchingC.havealwayswatchedD.havealwaysbeenwatching20.“ItookpartintheTOEFL.Itwasreallyhard.”C.havealwayswatchedD.havealwaysbeenwatching20.“ItookpartintheTOEFL.Itwasreallyhard.”Didyoulot？”A.HaveyoustudiedHadyoustudied“What'syouropiniononthematter,B.DidyoustudyA.HaveyoustudiedHadyoustudied“What'syouropiniononthematter,B.DidyoustudyD.DoyoustudyOh,sorry,Iplease？”B.haven'tlistenedA.wasn'ttolistenD.hadn'tlistenedwasn'tlisteningD.hadn'tlistened“Aha,you'reachainsmoker！”“Onlyathome.Nobodythatbutyou.”A.discoveredB.haddiscovereddiscoversD.isdiscoveringThetelephonethreetimesinthelasthour,andeachtimeitformyfather.A.hadrang；wasB.hasrung；wasC.rang；hasbeenD.hasbeenringing；isThethieftriedtobreakawayfromthepolicemanwhohim,butfailed.B.hadheldD.wouldholdA.hasheldB.hadheldD.wouldholdC.washoldingWhenIarrivedatthecompany,themanager,sowehadonlytimeforafewwords.B.hadgoneawayA.justwentawayB.hadgoneawayC.wasjustgoingawayD.hasjustgoneaway“Johntookaphotographofyoujustnow.”“Oh,really？IA.didn'tknowB.wasn'tknowingC.don'tknowhaven'tknownC.don'tknow“Mikeisnotcomingtothefootballgamethisafternoon.”“It'sashame！HeA.promisesB.promisedC.willpromiseD.hadpromisedPleasecallagain.Jimabathjustnow.A.hashadB.washavingC.ishavingD.has“WasAndrewtherewhenyouarrived？”“Yes,buthehomesoonafterwards.”A.hadgoneC.isgoinghasgoneA.hadgoneC.isgoinghasgonewent“WhereisMother.”“Sheisinthekitchen.Shethehouseworkallmorning.A.isdoingC.hasdoneA.isdoingC.hasdonehasbeendoingThebooks,thedictionaries,mustbeputbackwheretheyA.included；wereB.toinclude；areincluding；wereD.including；are♦答案与解析♦选D.根据那个小男孩徘徊的现象，推知他可能是找不到妈妈了。用现在完成时表示结果。选C.句意为“好在我们（刚才）没有去公园，因为天（现在）已经开始下雨了”。选D.用现在完成进行时表示持续到现在的一段时间。选B用现在完成时表示结果，即你已经错过了机会，其结果是：你只能等。选C.用现在完成时表示影响。选B.用现在完成时表示影响或结果，即现在笔不见了，是由于某人已经把它拿走了的结果。选D.用现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作。&选A.从下文的语境看，