2023届江苏省苏州八校联盟高三第二次适应性检测英语试题

答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页2023届江苏省苏州八校联盟高三第二次适应性检测英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________第一部分阅读理解MasterGardenerVolunteersWantedWhyBecomeaMasterGardener?TheMasterGardenerprogramisanall-volunteerorganizationwhereyoucandevelopyourownleadershipandteachingskillswhileteachingtheyoungeryouthabouthealthyeating,agriculture,andsoon!MasterGardenersinvolvepeopleinactivitiestoimprovetheirgeneralwell-beingandoverallenjoymentoflifebyhelpingthemfindsoundmanagementpracticesforhomeandurbannaturalresources,bycreatingpleasingenvironmentsthroughpeople-plantinteractionsandhorticulturaltherapy(园艺疗法),andbycontributingtoasafe,abundantfoodsupplythroughhomefruitandvegetableproduction.WhatQualificationsMustYouMeet?AnyonecanapplytobeaMasterGardener—youdon’tneedtobeanexpertorhaveadegree.Youdo,however,needto:●Havecertainexperienceorknowalittleaboutgardeningorlandscapemanagement.●Bewillingtosharehorticultureinformationwithothers.●Bewillingtoattendatrainingprogramandcandevotetimetovolunteeringandcontinuingeducation.Besides,tobecomeaMasterGardenervolunteer,eachapplicantneedstocompleteanapplication,preparebackgroundscreeningpaperworkandscheduleaninterviewwithExtensionstaff.WhatDoestheTrainingInvolve?Trainingsessionsareofferedonedayaweekoverathree-monthperiodandareledbyexperteducatorsintheregion.Approximately60hoursofclassroominstructionandfieldstudyand60hoursofvolunteerinternship(实习)workarerequiredtocompletetheprogramandbecomecertified.InordertoremainacertifiedMasterGardener,30hoursofvolunteerworkand10hoursofcontinuingeducationoradvancedtrainingarerequiredeachyear.1.WhatdoesaMasterGardenerdo?A.Helpraisepeople’squalityoflifebyhorticulture.B.Teachtheyouthaboutdietsandagriculture.C.Promotehorticulturalpracticesathome.D.Trainvolunteerstohelpwithgardening.2.WhatisrequiredifyouwanttoapplytobeaMasterGardener?A.Acquiringexcellentteachingskills.B.Havingsomerelevantknowledge.C.Completinggiventrainingsessions.D.Obtainingrichvolunteerexperience.3.HowlongwillittaketobecomeaqualifiedMasterGardener?A.Ayear. B.Threemonths.C.About160hours. D.About120hours.At1:43a.m.October5,2022,StanfordchemistCarolynR.BertozziwasawakenedbyaphonecallfromaNobelcommitteerepresentativewhotoldher,“Youhave50minutestocollectyourselfandwaituntilyourlifechanges.”Instructednottosharetheannouncementoutsideofhertightestinnercircle,thefirstpersonBertozzicalledwasherfather,aretiredphysicsprofessorfromMIT.“He’s91and,ofcourse,hewasjustoverjoyed,”saidBertozzi.CarolynBertozzi,bornOctober10,1966,Boston,wasawardedtheNobelPrizeinchemistryforherdevelopmentofbioorthogonalreactions,whichallowscientiststoexplorecellsandtrackbiologicalprocesseswithoutdisturbingthenormalchemistryofthecell.Shesharesthe$10millionSwedishkronor(about$1millionUSD)prizeequallywithMortenMeldal,professoratUniversityofCopenhagenandK.BarrySharpless,professoratScrippsResearch“forthedevelopmentofclickchemistryandbioorthogonalchemistry.”Carolynreceivedabachelor’sdegreeinchemistryfromHarvardUniversityin1988andadoctorateinthesamesubjectfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeleyin1993.ShewasapostdoctoralfellowattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,from1993to1995.ShebecameanassistantprofessoratBerkeleyin1996andafullprofessorofchemistryandmolecularandcellbiologyin2002.Shealsoheldanappointmentasaprofessorofmolecularandcellularpharmacologyfrom2000to2002attheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco.In2015shebecameaprofessorofchemistryatStanfordUniversity.“IcouldnotbemoredelightedthatCarolynBertozzihaswontheNobelPrizeinchemistry,”saidStanfordPresidentMarcTessier-Lavigne.“Inpioneeringthefieldofbioorthogonalchemistry,Carolyninventedanewwayofstudyingbiomolecularprocesses,onethathashelpedscientistsaroundtheworldgainadeeperunderstandingofchemicalreactionsinlivingsystems.Herworkhashadremarkablereal-worldimpact,providingnewdiagnosticandtherapeuticapproachestotreatdisease.Carolynissodeservingofthishonor,andallofusatStanfordaretooproudtocallheroneofourown.”Carolyn’sbioorthogonalreactionshavebeenusedtostudyhowcellsbuildproteinsandothermolecules,todevelopnewcancermedicines,andtoproducenewmaterialsforenergystorage,amongmanyotherapplications.4.WhydoestheauthormentionthephonecallCarolynreceivedinParagraph1?A.TointroducethebackgroundinformationofCarolyn.B.Torevealaconversationbetweentwoscientists.C.Toarousethereaders’interestinthepassage.D.Toshowtheurgencyabouttheinformation.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutCarolynfromparagraphs2and3?A.Hereducationandsuccess. B.Herdelightandpride.C.Herkindnessanddevotion. D.Herdreamandambition.6.WhatcanweinferfromMarcTessier-Lavigne’swords?A.HewantstocooperatewithCarolyn.B.Carolynhasfoundanewcureforcancer.C.HebenefitsgreatlyfromCarolyn’sfindings.D.Carolyn’sfindingsareofgreatsignificance.7.Whatisthetext?A.Aprofile. B.Anewsreport.C.Ajournal. D.Abookreview.Nowadays,bamboogrowthcyclesandthedietaryneedsoflemurs(狐猴)areoutofsync.Findingsshowrainfallsarechangingannually.Overthepasttwoyears,therehasbeenathree-monthdelayintherainyseasonandnewtendershootsthatlemursconsumefornutritionareappearinginJanuaryandFebruary—14daysafterthefirstrainfall,saysPatriciaChappleWright,aprimatologist,anthropologist,andconservationistatStonyBrookUniversity.“Lemurseatafoodsourcethatisveryadaptive,”PatriciaWrighttoldPBSNewsHour.“It’sabletostandclimatechange,butthelemurs,unfortunately,can’tadaptquicklytothischangedcycle.”SincebabylemursareborninNovember,thedelayedrainyseasonisdangerouslyaffectingthesurvivalofthemforlackofnutritionavailableforboththemothersandoffspring.“Thisiswhy,forextremefeedingspecialistslikethegreaterbamboolemur,climatechangecanbeanunknowingkiller,”Wrightsays.“Makingthelemursrelyonbamboostems(茎)forjustabitlongermaybeenoughtotipthebalancefromexistencetoextinction.”Thelemurs’highlyspecializedteetharealsosimilartothepandas’teeth.Botharethemammalsabletochewupstems.Butthisdietcan’tlastformorethanaseasonortwobecausethestemscanwearawaytheirteeth.Theresearchersbelievethatclimatechangeisaffectingthelemurs.Thefossilrecordshowsthatthelemursoncelivedthroughouttheisland.Today,themammalsarecorneredontheeasternside,wherethedryseasonatpresentistheshortest.Andifpeoplecontinuethedeforestationpracticeinthearea,thelemurswillhavenowheretogo.Thesituationisserious,soWrightandhercolleaguesplantocreatebamboocorridorswithintherainforests,whichwillprovideavailablebambootoeat.Theywanttoworkwithlocalvillagerstoplantmorebambooandmanageautomaticwateringsystemswhendryseasonslastlong.Theyalsowanttobuildthelocaleconomybyallowingpeopletoharvestapartofbamboowhiletherestremainswiththelemurs,sopeoplewillbeinterested.Wright’sconservationplansincludemovinglemursbacktootherplacesontheislandaswell.8.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph1mostprobablymean?A.Gowitheachother. B.Occuratdifferenttimes.C.Leadtoaheateddiscussion. D.Callforeffectiveprotection.9.Whywilllemursgethungryifthedryseasoncontinues?A.Theymayrunoutofbamboo.B.Theycan’tadapttothehotseason.C.Theydislikethelessdeliciousstems.D.Theycan’tchewthestemsforalongperiod.10.Whatmainlycausedthelivingareaoflemurstonarrow?A.Theclimatechange. B.Theirteethprotection.C.Thedecreasingforest. D.Theirspecialdietaryhabits.11.WhichofthefollowingmayWrightapproveoftoprotectlemurs?A.Shorteningthedryseason.B.Forbiddingthecuttingofbamboo.C.Strengtheningpeople’smotivation.D.Findingotherislandsforlemurstoliveon.Theburningofcoalmaybefallingoutoffavorasameansofgeneratingheatandelectricity,butthatdoesn’tmeanitnolongerhasvaluableuses.TheteamofKingAbdullahUniversityofScienceandTechnology(KAUST)isusingcoalforaneweconomy.TheprojectisledbyAssociateProfessorAndreaFratalocchi.Whilereadingaboutchallengesofendingtheuseofcoalinpowergeneration,Fratalocchiwasstruckbyanovelpossibleuseforcoal.“Whydon’tweusecoalforseawaterdesalination(脱盐)?”Fratalocchirecalls,stillexcited.Capableoftakinginsunlight,theblackmineraladdstothelistofsubstancesindarkcolorsservingthepurpose,whichtheteamisonalong-standinghuntfor.Fralalocchiandhisteambegantoexploretheuseofamaterialknownascarbonizedcompressedpowder(压缩粉末),alsoCCP,whichiscreatedbybreakingcoalintopowder,andthenpressingthatpowderbackintoasolidthathasmoretinyholes—itcanalsobemadeintoadesiredshape.TheteammixedCCPwithnaturalcottonfibers,producingablockwhichwasthenplacedwithinaseawater-containingcontainer,withitsbottomtouchingwatersurface.Whilesunlightheatedtheblacksurfaceoftheblock,theinsidefibershelpedwaterflowinandthroughtheblockfromthebottom.Whenthatliquidwaterreachedthehotsurface,itturnedintosteamwhichroseandcondensed(冷凝)ontheinsideofaspeciallyshapedcover.Thatcondensationthenflewdownthecoverandwascollectedasfresh,drinkablewater.Theseawater’ssaltcontentremainedbehindwithintheCCP.Asimplewashwasenoughtoremovemostofit,sothematerialcouldbereusedmultipletimes.KAUSThaspartneredwiththeDutchstart-upPERAComplexitytopromotethetechnology.ThematerialwillseeitsfirstuseinapilotplantinBrazil.“CCPisabundantinnatureandreasonabletouse,besidesbeinglightweightandhighlychangeable,”saysteammemberMarcellaBonifazi.“Thedevice’sdesalinationrateperunitofrawmaterialistwotothreetimeshigherthanthatofanyothersolardesalinationsystem,butitproducesfreshwaterataroundone-thirdtheexpenseofcurrentstate-of-the-arttechnologies.”12.WhathasFratalocchi’steambeenseekingfor?A.FibersfunctioningwellwithCCP.B.Greenwaystodesalinateseawater.C.Newindustrialapplicationsofcoal.D.Dark-coloredmaterialsfordesalination.13.HowdidtheseawatergetintotheCCPblock?A.Throughthetinyholes. B.ThroughCCP.C.Throughcottonfibers. D.Throughaspecialcover.14.WhichfeatureofCCPdoesMarcellaBonifazistress?A.Beingeco-friendly. B.Beinglow-cost.C.Beingefficient. D.Beingflexible.15.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Drinkablewaterwillbegotfromthesea.B.CCPisexpectedtobeinreal-lifeusesoon.C.Coalfindsnewuseindesalinationtechnology.D.Scientistshavemadeabreakthroughindesalination.二、七选五Searchingforanewcattoaddtoyourfamily?Ifyourhomealreadyhasacat,youmaywonderhowyourcatwillwelcomeanewpartner.____16____Continuereadingfortipsonhowtodothat.Yourexistingcat’sneedscomefirst.____17____Doesyourcatpreferfemalecatsovermalecats?Ifhe/sheenjoysthecompanyoffemalecats,adoptingafemalecatcanhelp.Ifyouadoptayoungkittenasacompanionforyouroldercat,itcanworkwellaskittensgetalongwithacatofanyage.Showeryourexistingcatwithextraattention.Catscanbeterritorialwhenitcomestotheirspace;thesamecanbetruefortheirownersaswell.____18____Givingyourcatmorehugsandcareduringtheintroductionofanewcatcanhelpeasehis/herbadfeeling.Thisalsohelpsyourcatacceptandtrustthenewonemorequickly.____19____Whenyoubringyournewcathome,it’sbesttokeepthecatsindifferentrooms.Thiswaytheywon’ttrytodefendtheirterritory.Eachshouldhavetheirownspacewithbowlsandcatfurnituresohe/shedon’tfeeltheneedtocompete.Anddospendtimewiththenewcatashe/shecanalsobestressedinanewenvironment.Introducethenewcatslowly.Yourcatswillhavethechancetogetusedtoeachother’ssmellthroughthedoor.Whentheyseeminterestedinmeeting,youcanbringoneintotheother’sterritory._______20_______Ifyounoticeeitherofthecatsgettinguncomfortable,separatethem.A.Separatethecatsinitially.B.Makesureyourcatfeelsathome.C.Dothisatleastafewdaysafterthenewcatarrives.D.Thinkaboutyourexistingcat’spersonalityandhabits.E.Yourcatcangetenviousofanewcomereasilyiffeelingignored.F.Givebothcatsaspecialtreatwhentheyfirstmeettoencouragepeace.G.Thereisaprocesstomakethechangelessstressfulforbothyouandthecats.三、完形填空AftergraduationImanagedtoworkatanewsorganization.AsIwasnewtotheworldof___21___,Iwasoftensenttofinish___22___assignments,butIwaseagerto___23___myselfintoughthings.AllIwantedwastomakea___24___impressiononmyseniors.I___25___aseniorcolleaguenamedJoytoletmefollowhimtohismeetingwithamajorleader.Joy______26______mewithrecordingtheprocessontape.Afterwegotbacktotheoffice,Joyaskedmeto___27___thetapesforediting.Tomy___28___theywereallblank!Wasthisgoingtocostmemyjob?Tearswelledupinmyeyes.Icouldimaginehimangryatmy___29___andaskingmetoleave.WhenJoyaskedmeforthetapes,I___30___andcried,apologeticandembarrassed.“IthinkIsavedthem,but...”Isaid.However,Joy,withalotof___31___asajournalist,hadstrange___32___onhisface.“Youhavetomake___33___tolearnhowyoucandothejobbetternexttime,right?”hesmiled.Iwasshockedandgrateful.Hetaughtmethemostimportantlessoninmylife:Mistakesare___34___andwhatwelearnfromthemiswhat___35___thecourseofoursuccess.21.A.writing B.communicating C.socializing D.reporting22.A.boring B.tiring C.easy D.heavy23.A.involve B.express C.bury D.enjoy24.A.subjective B.positive C.vivid D.general25.A.convinced B.expected C.dared D.reminded26.A.assisted B.occupied C.inspired D.tasked27.A.make B.replay C.pause D.erase28.A.disappointment B.annoyance C.regret D.horror29.A.carelessness B.weakness C.silliness D.rudeness30.A.gotaway B.gavein C.brokedown D.heldback31.A.enthusiasm B.experience C.responsibility D.creativity32.A.astonishment B.hesitancy C.calmness D.appreciation33.A.errors B.statements C.decisions D.commitments34.A.unavoidable B.unacceptable C.controllable D.predictable35.A.perfects B.reflects C.changes D.determines语法填空Withabouthalfofthevastcountrycoveredinwilderness,Chinaistheworld’sthirdmostspecies-richcountry.Therefore,China’s___36___(achieve)inbiodiversityconservationandwildernessprotectionareimportanttothefutureofglobalbiodiversityconservation.Thevitalbiodiversity,___37___(combine)withalargepopulation,hasledthegovernmenttoreconsideritsprotectedareasystemandtransformsomewildernessareassuchastherainforestinHainan___38___formalnationalparks.Thenewnationalparksystemwillmakeitmorepractical___39___(preserve)habitatsandspecies.Theaimistopreservebiodiversityandensurea___40___(harmony)relationbetweenhumansandnature.ThenationalparkscrossChina’svastecosystems,fromtheHainanTropicalRainforestNationalParkinthesouth___41___theHainangibbon—acriticallyendangeredspecieslive,theGiantPandaNationalPark,theNortheastTigerandLeopardNationalPark,theWuyiMountainNationalParktotheSanjiangyuanNationalParkontheQinghai-TibetPlatau—___42___sourceoftheYellowRiver,theYangtzeRiverandtheLancangRiver.Thediversityofspeciesandhabitatsunderprotection___43___(reflect)intheseparks’names.Thenationalparksareopentoall.Visitorscanmakereservationsonlineinadvance___44___bookonthespot.Theyshouldacquirealittlelocalknowledgetoget___45___(they)readyfortheamazingtripandmaximizetheirenjoyment.书面表达假定你是李华，你校英语俱乐部拟邀请DavidBrown教授来做一个关于英国节日文化的讲座。请用英语写一份主持该讲座的开场白，内容包括：1.活动目的；2.介绍David教授；3.听讲座要求。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Boysandgirls,MayIhaveyourattention,please?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二部分、读后续写OnawinterSundaygoodforskiing,Suearrivedattheirholidaychalet(棚屋)withjoy.Sue’sskiswerestickingoutbehindher.Mark,anotherskier,trippedoverSue’sskis.BeforeSuecouldapologize,Mikeshouted,“Yourskisareintheway.You’vegotbigsmellyfeet!”Inviewofhisattitude,Sueignoredhim.Marklostfaceandwasmoreangry.Theskilifttookalltheskierstothetopofthemountain.Thehardsnowofthepiste(滑雪道)wasbelowthem.ThenSueskieddownthemountain.Asagoodskier,shedidn’tfallover.Mark,alongwithhisgoodfriendDavid,waswatchingherwithenvyandanger.Theywerealsogoodskiersbuttheydidn’tknowSueverywell.“She’sgood,”Davidsaid.“Butwe’rebetter,”Markrespondedwithdissatisfaction.Theyoungpeopleskiedallday.Theyenjoyedthemselvesandforgoteverything.OnWednesdaymorning,theyoungpeoplewerewaitingfortheskiliftwhentheirteacherannouncedaskirace.Theracewouldbearrangedforthelastdayoftheholidayonalonganddifficultten-kilometerpiste.Everybodywantedtowin!Theywentupthemountain,putontheirskisandskieddownthepiste,practicingfortherace.Sueskiedfast,sodidMarkandDavid.Obviously,thesethreebecamepowerfulopponents.ItwasSaturdayandtheracewasgoingtobeheldintheafternoon.Suewashungryandleftherskisatthesideofacafé.Shesatdownandorderedlunch.Later,DavidandMarkcamein.Theyalsoheadedtothesidetoputtheirskisthere.MarknoticedSue’sskisandaimedakickangrilyatthem.Thenhefoundascrew(螺丝)onSue’sskiwasloose,unsurewhetheritwascausedbytheforceoritwaslikethatoriginally.“Sue’sskiswon’twork.We’resuretowin,”Marksaidandpointed.Theysmiledknowinglyateachother.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Finallycamethetimeoftheraceandeveryonewasexcited._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Maybefeelingguiltyornervous,MarkmadeamistakeandfelldownwhenSueapproachedhim._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________################################1.A

2.B

3.D本文是一篇应用文，是一篇园艺大师志愿者的招聘广告。1.细节理解题。由第一段“MasterGardenersinvolvepeopleinactivitiestoimprovetheirgeneralwell-beingandoverallenjoymentoflifebyhelpingthemfindsoundmanagementpracticesforhomeandurbannaturalresources,bycreatingpleasingenvironmentsthroughpeople-plantinteractionsandhorticulturaltherapy(园艺疗法),andbycontributingtoasafe,abundantfoodsupplythroughhomefruitandvegetableproduction.（园艺大师通过帮助人们找到家庭和城市自然资源的合理管理方法，通过人与植物的互动和园艺治疗创造令人愉悦的环境，通过家庭水果和蔬菜生产促进安全、丰富的食物供应，使人们参与活动，以改善他们的总体福祉和全面的生活享受。）”可知，园艺大师通过园艺疗法帮助提高人们的生活质量，故选A。2.细节理解题。根据WhatQualificationsMustYouMeet?部分的“Havecertainexperienceorknowalittleaboutgardeningorlandscapemanagement.（对园艺或景观管理有一定经验或略知一二。）”可知，如果你想申请成为园艺大师，需要有一定的相关知识。故选B。3.细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Approximately60hoursofclassroominstructionandfieldstudyand60hoursofvolunteerinternship(实习)workarerequiredtocompletetheprogramandbecomecertified.（大约需要60小时的课堂教学和实地研究以及60小时的志愿者实习工作才能完成该项目并获得认证。）”可知，成为一名合格的园艺师需要的时间是60h+60h=120h，故选D。4.C

5.A

6.D

7.B这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了斯坦福大学化学家CarolynR.Bertozzi在化学方面的成就以及其受教育情况。4.推理判断题。根据文章第一段“At1:43a.m.October5,2022,StanfordchemistCarolynR.BertozziwasawakenedbyaphonecallfromaNobelcommitteerepresentativewhotoldher,‘Youhave50minutestocollectyourselfandwaituntilyourlifechanges.’Instructednottosharetheannouncementoutsideofhertightestinnercircle,thefirstpersonBertozzicalledwasherfather,aretiredphysicsprofessorfromMIT.（凌晨1点43分。2022年10月5日，斯坦福大学化学家CarolynR.Bertozzi被诺贝尔委员会代表的电话吵醒，电话告诉她：“你有50分钟的时间整理自己，等待你的生活发生改变。”贝尔托兹被告知不要向她最亲密的小圈子以外的人透露这一消息，于是打电话给的第一个人是她的父亲，一位麻省理工学院的退休物理学教授。）”可知电话时间、内容与来电者都可以激发读者兴趣。故选C项。5.细节理解题。根据文章第二段“CarolynBertozzi,bornOctober10,1966,Boston,wasawardedtheNobelPrizeinchemistryforherdevelopmentofbioorthogonalreactions,whichallowscientiststoexplorecellsandtrackbiologicalprocesseswithoutdisturbingthenormalchemistryofthecell.（CarolynBertozz，1966年10月10日出生于波士顿，因其生物正交反应的发展而被授予诺贝尔化学奖。生物正交反应使科学家能够在不干扰细胞正常化学反应的情况下探索细胞并跟踪生物过程。）”以及文章第三段“Carolynreceivedabachelor’sdegreeinchemistryfromHarvardUniversityin1988andadoctorateinthesamesubjectfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeleyin1993.ShewasapostdoctoralfellowattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,from1993to1995.ShebecameanassistantprofessoratBerkeleyin1996andafullprofessorofchemistryandmolecularandcellbiologyin2002.Shealsoheldanappointmentasaprofessorofmolecularandcellularpharmacologyfrom2000to2002attheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco.In2015shebecameaprofessorofchemistryatStanfordUniversity.（Carolyn1988年获得哈佛大学化学学士学位，1993年获得加州大学伯克利分校化学博士学位。1993年至1995年，她在加州大学旧金山分校做博士后。1996年，她成为伯克利大学的助理教授，2002年成为化学、分子和细胞生物学的正教授。2000年至2002年，她还在加州大学旧金山分校担任分子和细胞药理学教授。2015年，她成为斯坦福大学的化学教授。）”可知文章第二段主要介绍了Carolyn在化学方面的贡献，第三段主要介绍了她的教育与学历的情况，所以从文章的二三段中我们可以了解到Carolyn的有关教育和成功的情况。故选A项。6.推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“‘Inpioneeringthefieldofbioorthogonalchemistry,Carolyninventedanewwayofstudyingbiomolecularprocesses,onethathashelpedscientistsaroundtheworldgainadeeperunderstandingofchemicalreactionsinlivingsystems.Herworkhashadremarkablereal-worldimpact,providingnewdiagnosticandtherapeuticapproachestotreatdisease.Carolynissodeservingofthishonor,andallofusatStanfordaretooproudtocallheroneofourown.’（‘在开创生物正交化学领域时，Carolyn发明了一种研究生物分子过程的新方法，这种方法帮助世界各地的科学家对生命系统中的化学反应有了更深入的了解。她的工作产生了显著的现实影响，为治疗疾病提供了新的诊断和治疗方法。Carolyn是当之无愧的，我们斯坦福的所有人都为她感到骄傲，以至于称她为自己人。’）”可知Carolyn的发现帮助世界各地的科学家对生命系统中的化学反应有了更深入的了解，为治疗疾病提供了新的诊断和治疗方法，所以从MarcTessier-Lavigne的话中我们可以推出Carolyn的发现意义重大。故选D项。7.推理判断题。文章第一段“At1:43a.m.October5,2022,StanfordchemistCarolynR.BertozziwasawakenedbyaphonecallfromaNobelcommitteerepresentativewhotoldher,‘Youhave50minutestocollectyourselfandwaituntilyourlifechanges.’Instructednottosharetheannouncementoutsideofhertightestinnercircle,thefirstpersonBertozzicalledwasherfather,aretiredphysicsprofessorfromMIT.（凌晨1点43分。2022年10月5日，斯坦福大学化学家CarolynR.Bertozzi被诺贝尔委员会代表的电话吵醒，电话告诉她：‘你有50分钟的时间整理自己，等待你的生活发生改变。’贝尔托兹被告知不要向她最亲密的小圈子以外的人透露这一消息，于是打电话给的第一个人是她的父亲，一位麻省理工学院的退休物理学教授。）”总的概括全文内容，文章二、三段主要介绍的是Carolyn的化学成就以及其受教育的情况，文章最后两段主要介绍Carolyn发现的重大意义以及具体应用，由此可见，文章主要介绍了Carolyn获得诺贝尔化学奖这一事件的始末及其后续影响，因此为新闻报道。故选B项。8.B

9.D

10.A

11.C这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是因为雨季的推迟导致了竹子的生长周期和狐猴的饮食需求不同步，所研究人员主张通过与当地人的合作进而增强人们积极性的方式来给狐猴提供可供食用的竹子，从而更好地保护狐猴。8.推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Overthepasttwoyears,therehasbeenathree-monthdelayintherainyseasonandnewtendershootsthatlemursconsumefornutritionareappearinginJanuaryandFebruary—14daysafterthefirstrainfall,saysPatriciaChappleWright,aprimatologist,anthropologist,andconservationistatStonyBrookUniversity.‘Lemurseatafoodsourcethatisveryadaptive,’PatriciaWrighttoldPBSNewsHour.‘It’sabletostandclimatechange,butthelemurs,unfortunately,can’tadaptquicklytothischangedcycle.’（StonyBrookUniversity的灵长类动物学家、人类学家和自然资源保护主义者PatriciaChappleWright说，在过去的两年里，雨季推迟了三个月，狐猴用来补充营养的嫩芽出现在1月和2月，也就是第一场降雨后的14天。PatriciaChappleWright在接受PBS新闻一小时节目采访时表示：‘狐猴的食物来源非常适应。’‘它能够忍受气候变化，但不幸的是，狐猴不能迅速适应这种变化的周期。’）”可以推断在过去的两年里，雨季推迟了三个月，所以狐猴用来补充营养的嫩芽出现的时间就比以往晚了，这就导致嫩芽的出现和狐猴需要食物的时间对不上了，所划线部分的意思是竹子的生长周期和狐猴的饮食需求是不同步的。故选B项。9.细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Thelemurs’highlyspecializedteetharealsosimilartothepandas’teeth.Botharethemammalsabletochewupstems.Butthisdietcan’tlastformorethanaseasonortwobecausethestemscanwearawaytheirteeth.（狐猴高度特殊化的牙齿也与熊猫的牙齿相似。这两种哺乳动物都能咀嚼树干。但这种饮食方式不能持续超过一两个季节，因为茎会磨损它们的牙齿。）”可知因为狐猴的牙齿无法长时间咀嚼茎秆，而干旱持久意味着这种供应时间会变长，所以如果旱季持续的话狐猴会因为牙齿无法长时间咀嚼茎秆而挨饿。故选D项。10.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Theresearchersbelievethatclimatechangeisaffectingthelemurs.Thefossilrecordshowsthatthelemursoncelivedthroughouttheisland.Today,themammalsarecorneredontheeasternside,wherethedryseasonatpresentistheshortest.Andifpeoplecontinuethedeforestationpracticeinthearea,thelemurswillhavenowheretogo.（研究人员认为气候变化正在影响狐猴。化石记录显示狐猴曾经生活在整个岛屿。如今，这些哺乳动物被逼到了东部，那里目前的旱季最短。如果人们继续在该地区砍伐森林，狐猴将无处可去。）”可知因为气候变化所以狐猴被迫到了岛屿的东部地区，所以影响狐猴生长区域变窄的主要原因是气候的变化。故选A项。11.推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Theywanttoworkwithlocalvillagerstoplantmorebambooandmanageautomaticwateringsystemswhendryseasonslastlong.Theyalsowanttobuildthelocaleconomybyallowingpeopletoharvestapartofbamboowhiletherestremainswiththelemurs,sopeoplewillbeinterested.（他们想和当地村民一起种植更多的竹子，并在旱季持续很久时管理自动浇水系统。他们还想通过允许人们收割一部分竹子，而剩下的留给狐猴，来发展当地的经济，这样人们就会感兴趣。）”可以推断Wright希望通过与当地人的合作即允许当地人种植竹林，提供自动供水系统，发展经济让竹子变成经济作物以调动当地人积极性等来给狐猴提供可供食用的竹子，所以Wright赞成通