中国基层兽医服务问题探究,兽医硕士论文

中国基层兽医服务问题探究,兽医硕士论文本篇论文目录导航：【题目】中国基层兽医服务问题探究【第一章】【第二章】【3.1-3.3.2】【.4】【3.3.5-3.3.10】【第四章】【第五章】【以下为参考文献】摘要基层兽医服务是动物防疫工作中最重要的环节，决定了动物疫病防控工作的最终成效。当下，我们国家县级及下面兽医机构和各种市场兽医服务主体组成了较为完备了基层兽医服务体系，通过提供有效的兽医服务为保障我们国家畜牧业健康发展和公共卫生安全作出了宏大奉献。但与此同时，基层兽医服务体系面临官方机构人才队伍、经费保障、基础设施与工作实际不相适应的条件制约，市场化兽医服务主体发展缓慢、服务质量亟待改善的现在状况，以及千家万户散养和畜禽全国大流通带来的动物疫病防控紧迫形势，加快推动建设完善我们国家兽医服务体系势在必行。本文是作者通过对我们国家兽医服务历史情况、当下基层兽医服务体系发展现在状况和国外兽医服务先进经历体验进行文献研究、实地考察座谈、问卷调查、分析总结，提出符合中国国情的基层兽医服务体系建设的措施与对策。共分五个部分：第一部分：对兽医服务的内涵与属性等理论基础进行了背景研究，分析了国内外基层兽医服务需求。第二部分：梳理了我们国家改革开放三十多年来，基层兽医服务在我们国家社会、经济环境影响下，在兽医工作大政方针的指导引领下，获得的阶段性成果。总结出基层兽医队伍是履行兽医公益职能和技术推广的主力军，合适采取承当公共服务与个体经营服务相结合的服务形式等历史经历体验。第三部分：我们国家基层兽医服务现在状况研究。首先，分析了提供的基层兽医公共服务和各方主体开展的兽医市场化服务现在状况和问题。其次，以全国较有代表性的防疫有限责任公司、个人独资或合伙企业、专业防疫合作社、非盈利机构等新型兽医服务主体与形式为例，介绍了服务主体运行大概情况、扶持与考核监管情况、收入分配形式，阐述了不同组织形态和形式提高防疫员收入、稳定防疫队伍、通过购买服务机制促进防疫主体责任回归养殖者、强化考核使动物疫病防控效果提升、防疫员组织化程度提高进而降低管理成本等先进性，并分析了推广难点。最后介绍了民营科研诊疗机构、饲料兽药公司、专业养殖合作组织与龙头企业、兽医托管公司的业务大概情况与服务形式。第四部分：国外基层兽医服务经历体验借鉴及启示。以科学健全的法律和动物疫病防控体系、有力的财政支撑、切实经济的防控措施、规范的行业管理为切入点阐述了美国兽医公共服务的经历体验启示，介绍了美国执业兽医市场化服务大概情况以及托管公司的发展背景与服务方式。并以欧盟重大动物疫病预警体系、追溯体系和澳大利亚社会兽医主体气力为例，介绍了其他发达国家兽医服务的先进经历体验。第五部分：提出我们国家基层兽医服务体系的发展建议。在加强基层兽医公共服务体系建设方面，一是结合中国国情与兽医工作实际建立内容全面、明确详细、可操作性强的法律法规体系；二是捋顺体制、改善机制，继续加强基层乡镇兽医机构改革、恢复乡镇兽医站，强化乡镇站公益职能、推广购买兽医公共服务机制，强化监管，严格依法办事；三是在财政投入上，加大对新型基层兽医服务形式的重点扶持、增加投入总量、调整投入构造、引入市场机制，进一步健全财政保障机制。在促进基层兽医市场化服务体系健康发展方面，一是因地制宜引导建立承接公共兽医服务的市场化基层兽医服务主体，加大政策扶持，推动其能力提升；二是从助推基层传统兽医诊疗主体转型、鼓励创立新型兽医服务形式和实体、充分发挥协会等非盈利机构的行业管理作用三方面讨论了怎样积极培育其他兽医市场化服务主体。本文关键词语：基层兽医服务体系；兽医公共服务；兽医市场化服务；先进性；建议ABSTRACTVeterinaryservicesatthegrass-rootslevelisthemostimportantlinkinanimalepidemicprevention,determinesthefinalresultsoftheanimaldiseasepreventionandcontrolwork.Atpresent,ourcountrygovernmentatthecountylevelandbelowveterinaryveterinaryservicesinstitutionsandallkindsofmarketmainbodyformedacomparativelycompletetheveterinaryservicesystematthegrassrootslevelbyprovidingeffectiveveterinaryservicestoensurethedevelopmentofanimalhusbandryinChinaandmadeagreatcontributiontopublichealthsecurity.Butatthesametime,facingtheofficialveterinaryservicesystematthegrass-rootslevelagencypersonnel,fundssafeguard,infrastructureandworkdoesntfittheactualconditionsofrestrictionofmarketizationofveterinaryservicessubjectdevelopedslowly,thepresentsituationoftheservicequalityimprovement,andfamiliescage-freeandlivestockandpoultrynationwidecirculationofanimaldiseasepreventionandcontroltheurgentsituation,acceleratetheconstructionofperfectourcountryveterinaryservicesystemisimperative.Inthispaper,theauthorthroughtotheveterinaryservicesinChinahistory,currentgrassrootsveterinaryservicesystemdevelopmentpresentsituationandtheadvancedexperienceofforeignveterinaryservicesliteratureresearch,on-the-spotinvestigation,discussion,questionnairesurvey,analysis,summary,putforwardthebasicveterinaryservicesystemwhichaccordswiththesituationofChinaconstructionmeasuresandcountermeasures.Isdividedintofiveparts:Thefirstpart:theconnotationofveterinaryservicesandpropertiessuchasthetheoreticalbasisfortheresearchbackground,thebaseathomeandabroadareanalyzedveterinaryservicerequirements.Thesecondpart:combedthe30yearsofreformandopening-upinChina,thebasicveterinaryservicesinourcountryssocialandeconomicenvironment,workinveterinarymajorpolicyguidance,theguidanceofthephasedachievements.Sumsupthebasicveterinaryteamisthemainforceofperformveterinarypublicfunctionsandtechnologypopularization,suittoundertakepublicservicecombinedwithindividualbusinessservicestheservicemodeofhistoricalexperience.Thethirdpart:thebasicveterinaryservicesstatusquooftheresearch.Firstofall,thepaperanalyzesthebasicveterinarypublicservicesprovidedbythegovernmentandthemainbodytocarryoutthemarketizationofveterinaryservicespresentsituationandproblems.Second,asarepresentativeofthecountrysepidemicofalimitedliabilitycompany,soleproprietorshiporpartnershipenterprise,professionalandepidemicpreventioncooperatives,nonprofitorganizationssuchasnewveterinaryservicemainbodyandpatternasanexample,introducestheservicemainbodyrunningsituation,governmentsupportandevaluationregulation,theincomedistributionpattern,thispaperdiscussesthedifferentmodesoforganizationformandraisetheincome,stableFangYiYuanepidemicpreventionteam,throughthegovernmentpurchasingservicemechanismtopromotepreventionprincipalresponsibilityregressionfarmers,strengtheningtheexaminationthatpromotedtheanimaldiseasepreventionandcontroleffect,andimprovethelevelofFangYiYuanorganizationsoastoreducethegovernmentmanagementcostadvancement,andanalyzedthepromotiondifficulty.Finallyintroducedtheprivatescientificresearchinstitutions,feedveterinarydrugcompany,specializedfarmingcooperativeorganizationandleadingenterprises,vetsmanagedthecompanysbusinessprofileandservicemode.Thefourthpart:theexperienceintheveterinaryservicesabroadforreferenceandenlightenment.Withscientificandsoundlegalandanimaldiseasepreventionandcontrolsystem,strongfinancialsupport,thepreventionandcontrolmeasuresofrealeconomy,standardindustrymanagementasthebreakthroughpointofAmericanveterinarypublicserviceexperience,describesthepresentsituationoftheveterinariansmarket-orientedservicesandthedevelopmentofthehostingcompanybackgroundandservicemode.Andwiththeeusmajoranimaldiseaseearlywarningsystem,thetraceabilitysystemandAustraliansocietyveterinarymainbodystrength,forexample,thispaperintroducestheadvancedexperienceofotherdevelopedcountriesveterinaryservices.Thefifthpart:thedevelopmentofgrassrootsveterinaryservicesysteminChinaisputforward.Intermsofstrengtheningtheconstructionofgrass-rootsveterinarypublicservicesystem,isacombinationofChinasnationalconditionsandveterinarypracticetoestablishcomprehensive,specificandstrongoperability,lawsandregulationssystem;Second,sequencesystem,improvingmechanism,continuetostrengthenveterinaryinstitutionsreform,restoretownsvetatthegrass-rootslevel,strengthenthestationpublicwelfarefunction,thepromotionofthegovernmenttobuyveterinarypublicservicemechanism,strengthensupervisionandstricttofollowthelaw;Threeisonthefinancialinvestment,enforcethesupporttothefocusofthenewgrass-rootsveterinaryservicespattern,increaseinputamount,adjusttheinvestmentstructure,introducingmarketmechanism,tofurtherimprovethefinancialsecuritymechanism.Intheaspectofpromotingthehealthygrowthofthemarketizationofveterinaryservicesystematthegrass-rootslevel,oneistoadjustmeasurestolocalconditionsleadtoestablishundertakethemarketizationofpublicveterinaryservices,veterinaryservicessubjectatthebasicintensifypolicysupport,promoteitsabilitytoascend;Fromtheboostthetransformationoftraditionalveterinarysubjectatthebasic,encouragethecreationofnewveterinaryservicemodelandentity,givefullplaytotheirroleastheassociationofnon-profitinstitutions,suchasindustrymanagementthreeaspectsdiscusseshowtofosterthesubjectofmarketizationofotherveterinaryservicesactively.KEYWORDS:grass-rootsveterinaryservicesystem,veterinarypublicservice,veterinaryserviceofmarketization,achievement,advice目录第一章绪论1.1研究的背景和意义1.1.1研究背景1.1.2研究目的1.1.3研究意义1.2国内外研究现在状况1.2.1兽医服务的内涵和属性研究1.2.2基层兽医服务的需求研究1.3研究内容和研究方式方法