2023年周口市英语统招专升本模拟练习题【带答案】

2023年周口市英语统招专升本模拟练习题【带答案】学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、阅读理解(30题)1.Thepassageismainlyabout__________．查看材料

A.agroupofcold—water—swimminglovers

B.thePolarBears’lifeinNewYork

C.doctors’ideasaboutcold—waterswimming

D.therequirementsofthePolarBearClub

2.Theweatheroftheworldseemstobegetting______.

A.hotterB.colderC.warmerD.freezing

3."Badmanners"inthelastsentencemeans______.

A.uglyB.dishonestC.impoliteD.shameful

4.Whycantastronautsdrinkwaterfromcups?

A.Thewaterwouldcomefromtheopencups.

B.Thewaterwouldspillallovertheirfood.

C.Crumbswouldfloatinthecups.

D.Thecupswouldfloatintheair.

5.WhofirststartedtheideaofholdingtheFather'sDay?A.A.Mrs.JohnBruceDodd.

B.Mrs.JohnBruce'sMother.

C.ThegovernmentofWashington.

D.Somebusinessmen.

6.PassageTwo

IwasonlyeightyearsoldwhentheSecondWorldWarended,butIcanstillremembersomethingaboutthevictorycelebrationsinthesmalltownwhereIlivedonthedaywhenthewarinEuropeended.Wehadnotsufferedmuchfromthewarthere.ButbothathomeandatschoolIhadbecomeaccustomedtothephrases"beforethewar"and"whenthewar'sover"."Beforethewar",apparently,thingshadbeenbetter,thoughIwastooyoungtounderstandwhy,exceptthattherehadbeennobombsthen,andpeoplehadeatenthingslikeice-creamandbananas,whichIhadonlyheardof.WhenthewarwasoverwewouldgobacktoLondon,butthismeantlittletome.IdidnotrememberwhatLondonwaslike.

WhatIremembernowaboutVE(VictoryinEurope)DaywastheMayevening.AfterdinnerIsaidIwantedtoseethebonfire(大火堆),sowhenitgotdarkmyfathertookmetotheendofthestreet.Thebonfirewasveryhigh,andsomehowpeoplehadcollectedsomeoldclothestodresstheun-mistakablefigurewiththemoustache(胡子)theyhadtoputontopofit.Justaswearrived,theysetlighttoit.Theflamesroseandsoonswallowedthe"guy".Everyonewascheeringandshouting,andanoldwomancameoutofherhousewithtwochairsandthrewthemonthefiretokeepitgoing.

Istoodbesidemyfatheruntilthefirestartedtogodown,notknowingwhattosay.Hesaidnothing,either.HehadfoughtintheFirstWorldWarandmayhavebeenrememberingtheendofthat.Atlasthesaid,"Well,that'sit,son.Let'shopethatthistimeitreallywillbethelastone."40.WheredidtheauthorlivebeforetheSecondWorldWar?A.InLondon.B.Inasmalltown.C.InEurope.D.Inthecountryside.

7.Governmentinspectorscameto______Sam'smeat-packingcompany.

A.askB.standforC.lookoverD.see

8.Tothewriter,thefactthatwomenaltertheirold-fashiondressisseenas______

A.awasteofmoney

B.awasteoftime

C.anexpressionoffashion

D.anexpressionofcreativity

9.Thereddotonthepolicemapshows______.

A.theaddressofthecriminal

B.RedwoodCity

C.thecapitalofCalifornia

D.thelocationofthegunfire

10.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat______.

A.thecluesinMasqueradeareeasytodecipher

B.KitWilliamshasmanyartistictalents

C.manypeopleburytreasuresinBritain

D.KitWilliamssaidhewouldpay$35,000towhoeverfoundthetreasure

11.53.Inthepast,filmsweremostlytaken______.A.inaworkshopB.intheopenC.alongtheseasideD.inthestudio

12.ArchimedeswasafamousGreekmathematicianandscientist.Hewasbornaround287B.C.andhediedintheyear212B.C..Archimedesismostwell-knownforonespecificideathathecameupwith."ArchimedessPrinciple"statesthatasolidobjectwhichisimmersedinaliquidispushedupbyaforcewhichisequaltotheweightofthewaterthattheobjectmoves.Forexample,ifyouputapieceofwoodandapieceofgoldthesamesizeinwater,onlythewoodwillfloat.Boththewoodandgoldmovethesameamountofwater,butthewoodweighslessthanthiswater,whilethegoldweighsmore.ItisbelievedthatArchimedesdiscoveredthisprinciplewhenthekingofSyracuseaskedhimtosolveaproblem.Thekingwantedtoknowifhiscrownwaspuregoldoramixtureofgoldandsilver.Theking,ofcourse,didnotmelthiscrowntofindout.TheideacametoArchimedesasheloweredhimselfintohisbath.Henoticedhowthewaterspilledoutofthetub.Hedecidedtousethesameideaforthecrown.Heknewthatagoldcrownimmersedinwaterwouldweighmorethanonemadeofsilver.Theexperimentwasdoneandthegoldsmithwasprovedguiltyoftryingtocheattheking.

Agoodtitlefortheselectionis______.

A.Archimedes

B.Archimedes"sPrinciple

C.AGoldandSilverCrown

D.TheKingofSyracuse

13.Whatdoestheword"ethnic"mean?A.A.Younger.

B.Major.

C.Relatingtoaparticularracial,nationalgroup.

D.Religious.

14.41.Whenthingsfarawayseemindistinct,oneisprobably______.A.near-sightedB.far-sightedC.astigmaticD.sufferingfrontcataracts

15.Childrentake______attheageof13.A.A.privateschoolexam

B.theCommonEntranceExam

C.nationalexam

D.noexaminations

16.Whatwillmakeonemanhappymaynotmakeanothermanhappy.Thissentencemeans______.

A.whenonemanfeelshappy,anothermanwillfeelsad

B.whatwillmakeonemanhappymaymakeanothermanhappyalso

C.differentpeopleholddifferentopinionsabouthappiness

D.bothAandB

17.WhatisTRUEaboutwords?

A.Theyareusedtoexpressfeelingsonly.

B.Theycannotbewrittendown.

C.Theyarerepresentedeitherbysoundsorletters.

D.Theyarevisualletters.

18.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.

A.theApollomissionwasverysuccessful

B.protectionfromspaceradiationisnoeasyjob

C.astronautswillhavedeformedchildrenofgrandchildren

D.radiationisnotathreattowellprotectionspaceexplorers

19.JamesBartleyprobablyneverwenttoseaagainbecause______.

A.hewanteddifferentkindsofadventures

B.offrightandshock

C.hewascrippledbythewhale

D.heoftengotseasick

20.Whichhairstyle.(发型)didtheyoungmancutforRogerlasttime?

21.Attheendofthestory,you'llfindthat______.A.A.thebutcherfoundhimselfcheatedbythesmartanimal

B.thedogwascleverenoughtowriteonthepaper

C.thedogdarednotgototilebutcher'sanymore

D.thebutcherwastoldnottogiveanymeattothedog

22.Agoodtitleforthisselectionis______.

A.FamousSightsintheWorld

B.LibertyIsland

C.TheStatueofLiberty

D.AGiftfromFrance

23.ConstanceHalesays"emailhasbeenanincredibleboontocommunication"．WhatDoesshemeanbythis?________A.Peoplewanttoseethepersontheyaretalkingtoonthephone．

B.emailiseasierthantalkingonthephone．

C.Peopleareusingwritingandreadingmorewithemail．

D.emailisnotprivateenough．

24.40.Onthewhole,thepassageisabout______.A.howtostartauniversityB.theworld-famouscollegesin

AmericaC.howcollegeshavechangedD.whatkindoflessoneachcollegeteaches

25.Vegetablegardeningistherelaxingartandscienceofturningaloveforgrowingplantsintoameaningfulactivity.Havingvegetablesinthebackyardmakeshomegardeningappealingformanypeople.Inaddition,vegetablegardeningprovidesexerciseandfunforbothurbanandsuburbanfamilies.

Vegetablegardeningagreethatmanyhome-grownvegetablearesuperiortothosepurchasedfrommarkets.Form.springthroughlatefall,awell-plannedandwell-keptgardencanprovideasupplyoffreshvegetables,thusincreasingthenutritionofthefamilydiet.

Freezersmakeitpossibletokeepsomeofthevegetablestobeenjoyedatalaterdate.Othervegetablescanbestoredforafewmonthsinacoolarea.

Althoughthemoneyspentforagardenmaybelittle,onecannotescapethefactthatgardeningrequireshardworkandtime.Manyofthegardeningtasksmustbeperformedattimesthataremostinconvenient.Notdoingjobsthatshouldbedoneonaregularbasismayresultinfailureandanegativefeelingtowardgardening.

Oneshouldnotplantagardenthatistoolargeforhimtocarefor.Asmall,well-keptgardenismoreenjoyableandprofitablethanalargeneglectedone.Vegetablesdowellinfullsunlightandplantsandfewvegetables.Ifpossible,thegardenshouldbenearthehouse.sothegardenercanworkinitwhenevertheyarefree.

Soilsforvegetablesshouldbeeasilybrokenupandporous(多孔的)forquickwaterdrainageandgoodaeration(透气).Usuallythehomeownerhaslittlechoiceinthetypehecanchoose.Fortunately,manyvegetablescanbegrownonpoorsoilsifthesoilsareproperlyprepared.Manypeoplefindhomegardening______.A.A.expensiveandboring

B.interestingandenjoyable

C.time-consumingandinconvenient

D.neitherinterestingnorenjoyable

26.HenryFordchangedtheAmericansociety________．

A.throughnumerousmechanicalinventions

B.throughautomotivetechnologicalrevolution

C.throughgreatsocialrevolution

D.throughradicalpoliticalreforms

27.根据以下内容，回答下列各题。

Intheolddays,diversusedtogodownintothesealookingforshipsthathadsunk,becausetheyhopedtofindgoldandjewels．Nowdiversstillsearchforvaluablethingsinsunkenships,buttheyalsotrytobringtothesurfacetheshipsthemselves,orpartsofthem．Thevalueofdifferentkindsofmetalshasincreasedgreatlyoverthelasttwentyorthirtyyearsandeventhoughashiphasbeenundertheseaformanyyears,itmaybeworthagreatdeal．

Onefamoussunkenshipisthe“Lusitania”,whichsankoffthesoutherncoastofIrelandin1915withalossofnearly,1,500lives．Ithasfourhugepropellersmadeofanexpensivemetal．Todayeachofthosepropellersisworth$300,000ormore．Theshiplyingonthesea-bedhasbeenbroughtbyamancalledJohnLight．Hepaidabout$1,200,000forthewholeship．Hehopestobringupthosepropellersandsellthem．Healsohopestosellotherpartsoftheship,whenhehasbroughtthemtothesurface,forabout$600,000．Diverstodaytrytobringtothesurface_______．A.A.goldandjewels

B.partsofships

C.wholeships

D.alloftheabove

28.47."Collided"means______.A.hiteachotherhardB.stoppedC.racedeachotherD.traveledinthesamedirection

29.IIndependentschoolsareactuallycalled______.A.A.religiousschools

B.boardingschools

C.secondaryschools

D.privateschools

30.Avalididentificationcardcanbeusedto______.

A.takeintercampusbuses

B.readannouncements

C.makeuseoftherecreationalfacilities

D.obtainthenextissueofthestudentnewspaper

二、完型填空(20题)31.26.

A.should

B.would

C.must

D.could

32.【C13】

A.fightB.planC.controlD.thought

33.(45)

A.letterB.noteC.chequeD.price

34.(52)

A.makesB.hasC.costsD.loses

35.(42)

A.todesignbuilding

B.designingbuilding

C.havingdesignedbuilding

D.tohavedesignedbuilding

36.9.A.A.influenceB.makeC.affordD.provide

37.32.（）A.A.hasundergoneB.undergoesC.underwentD.hadundergon

38.(54)

A.quiteB.muchC.doD.greatly

39.Mobilephonesarealso

3

becausetheyhavemanygoodfeaturesA.annoyedB.interestedC.interesting.D.annoying

40.22.（）A.A.flourB.milkC.vitaminsD.eggs

41.【B10】

A.includeB.keepsC.makeD.increase

42.26.A.supplyB.affordC.awardD.allow

43.【B13】

A.bothB.eitherC.alsoD.only

44.(43)

A.takepainsB.runriskC.takeariskD.makeefforts

45.27.（）A.A.expensiveB.healthyC.unhealthyD.scrambled

46.(46)

A.withB.byC.inD.from

47.【C15】

A.existB.performC.buyD.appear

48.(37)

A.NotB.NoC.NoneD.Nor

49.(44)

A.hadB.enjoyingC.makingD.lasting

50.29.A.disagreementsB.disadvantagesC.displaysD.discussions

三、语音(10题)51.(4)

A.climb

B.doubtC.absorb

D.thumb

52.3.A.

championB.machineC.approachD.attach

53.(3)

A.widespread

B.weather

C.weave

D.weapon

54.（）A.A.league

B.colleague

C.tonguue

D.guess

55.(1)

A.routeB.youthC.loseD.lonely

56.(5)

A.long

B.sang

C.young

D.angry

57.选出下列选项中划线部分读音不同的选项（）

A.dearB.heartC.earD.tear

58.5.A.loud

B.double

C.fountain

D.shout

59.

2.A.usualB.usefulC.justD.mistake

60.

A.shootB.bloodC.roofD.tool

四、词汇与结构(20题)61.Wedidn'tplanourartexhibitionlikethatbutit_____verywell.

A.carriedonB.triedoutC.wentonD.workedout

62.18.Wehadalongtelephone______yesterdayevening.A.dialogue

B.conversation

C.talk

D.speech

63.Ittookwesterncompaniesmanyyearsto______fromtheoilcrisisofthemid-70s.

A.regainB.recoverC.retainD.refresh

64.Mysisterisusedto______withallthewindowsopen.

A.sleepB.sleepingC.havesleptD.thesleeping

65.Guilinisfamous______itsbeautifulscenery.

A.ofB.aboutC.forD.in

66.Mynewglassescostme______thelastpairthatIbought.

A.threetimes

B.threetimesasmuchas

C.threetimesasmuch

D.threetimesmuchas

67.19.How______ofyoutoremembermybirthday!A.thoughtful

B.thoughtfully

C.careful

D.carefully

68.HecannotspeakJapanesewell;______,heisincapableofspeakingthelanguage.

A.thereforeB.soC.butD.infact

69.—Wasthehousemasterstrict?—Yes,herequestedthatwe______televisiononweeknights..

A.notwatch

B.mustnottomatch

C.notbewatching

D.havenotwatched

70.Thereislesscrimenowthanthereusedtobe.Itseemsthatthereisa______inthecrimerate.

A.slopeB.inclineC.descentD.decline

71.Mybrother______whilehe______hisbicycleandhurthimself.

A.fell:wasriding

B.fell:wereriding

C.hadfallen:rode

D.hadfallen:wasriding

72.Time______,we'llhaveafarewellpartyforJohnwhoisleavingnextMonday.

A.permittingB.permitsC.bepermittedD.topermit

73.Myuncle______fromthecompanybecausehewasmadetoundertakedangerousassignments.A.A.removedB.emergedC.resignedD.shifted

74.You______tiredtomorrowifyoudon'tgotobedsoon.A.areB.wereC.willbeD.wouldbe

75.8.Someofhissuggestionshadbeenrejected______theywerenotpracticable.A.asB.whenC.untilD.if

76.Mostdoctorsrecognizethatmedicineis______.

A.anartasmuchitisascience

B.muchanartasitisascience

C.asartanasmuchitisascience

D.asmuchanartasitisascience

77.Themoreoneis______theEnglish-speakingenvironment,thebetterheorshewilllearnthelanguage.

A.exposedtoB.filledinC.caughtonD.kepton

78.Thedoorwas__________andIcouldnotseewhoshewastalkingto.

A.shutB.shuttedC.shuttingD.beingshut

79.Hishandwritingis______yours.

A.morebetterB.aswellasC.muchbetterthanD.asbetteras

80.—Iheardyouwentmountainclimbingbutdidn'treachthetop.—Yes,wetried______.

A.hardlytoclimbthemountain

B.hardtoclimbthemountain

C.toclimbthemountainhard

D.toclimbthemountainhardly

五、书面表达(1题)81.假设你是Tom，将去上海旅游，写一封信给你在上海的朋友张强，告诉他你将乘火车于l0月21日上午8点到达上海，请他接你，并请他帮你安排21至24日的住宿（旅馆最好靠近市中心，房间可以小一些，但不要太贵）。此外，你还要他帮你订24日返回北京的火车票。

注意：词数应为100左右

Oct．15

DearZhangQiang，

Allthebest，

Tom

六、写作(1题)82.Youaretowriteinnolessthan120wordsonthetopicDo"LuckyNumbers"ReallyBringGoodLuck?Youaretotakeaposition,eitherfororagainstthematter,andgiveyourreasons.YoushouldbaseyourcompositiononthefollowingChinesenotes.

有人认为某些数字会带来好运，有些人认为数字与好运无关，你的观点是什么?

参考答案

1.A主旨大意题。

【应试指导】本文讲述了冬泳爱好者的一些情况

2.B解析：参见句子：Duringthepasttenyears，scientiststellusthatthetemperatureoftheworldhasdroppedalittle．

3.C解析：根据文中所举例子可知badmamers指的是“不礼貌的行为。”

4.A文中第二段第七句讲述了不能从杯中喝水的原因即“Thewaterwouldfloatindropsintheair．”。

5.A本题为客观细节题。从第一段第二句“Twoyearslaterawoman，Mrs．JohnBruceDodd，inthestateofWashingtonproposedasimilardaytohonortheheadofthefamily—thefather"可知A为正确选项。

6.A40．文章第一段的最后两行，作者说战争结束他们就可以回到伦敦了。由此可见，他们在第二次世界大战前是住在伦敦的，而第二次世界大战期间是住在一个小镇。选项A是正确的。

7.C解析：由“inspector”可知，这些人是来视察、检查的，所以选C。

8.B根据文章第二段第三行wastehoursoftheirtime…所以选B。

9.D解析：参见第二段：警察地图上的红点表明枪声的具体位置。

10.B解析：从这段里我们知道，Williams会写书、画画、做珠宝，所以说他有很多的艺术天赋。选项B是正确的。

11.B53．答案为B

此考题为推理题。文章第2段的第1句告诉我们：TheearlymakersoffilmsfoundHollywoodagoodplaccfortheirworkbecauseofitsclear，sunny，rain-freeweather，whichallowedpicturestobetakenalltheyearround，我们知道电影拍摄与天气状况关系密切，所以答案B正确。

12.B综合全文，本文的最佳题目为“阿基米德定理”，即放入水中的物体排开水的重力等于它所受到的浮力。

13.C本题为词义理解题。根据第四段最后一句以及上下文可以看出，ethnic即relatingtoaparticularracial，nationalgroup，中文含义为“种族的，民族的”意思。younger意味着“更年轻的”；major意味着“主要的”；religious意味着“宗教的”。

14.A41．答案为A

此考题为细节题。根据文章第2段首句Peoplewhoarenear-sightedcanonlySeethingsthatareveryclosetotheireyes就可以断定A正确。

15.B本题为细节辨认题。文章第二段第二句“SomeindependentschoolsarecalledprepschoolsbecausetheypreparethechildrenfortheCommonEntranceExamwhichtheytakeattheageof13”中，定语从句“whichtheytakeattheageof13”说明：学生在13岁时将参加theCommonEntranceExam(普通入学测试)。

16.C解析：参见句子：Happinessisastrangething.Itdoesnotmeanthesametoallmen.

17.C文章第一段讲到，人类起初通过声音进行交流，后来又出现了字母和文字。

18.B

19.B最后一段说JamesBartley自从这个事件后再也没有回到海上，可以推断他很害怕。其他三个选项文中都未涉及。B项是正确的。

20.A解析：文中第五、六自然段中Roger的话表明，上次理发师给他剪的头发是右边很短，左边头发不动，并要盖住耳朵，头顶中间的要剪掉，但前边留几根头发。选项A图正是这一发型。

21.A此题是对细节信息进行推理的考查。其中关键词是．．end．．．find。前者说明与故事结尾有关，后者表示考生须通过上下文找出隐含的信息。最后一段的感叹句说明那butcher被聪明的dog给蒙骗了。所以A项是正确答案。其他各项均不符合故事情节或逻辑推理。

22.C解析：本题属主旨题。通观全文，每段都涉及“theStatueofLiberty”。

23.C参见第五段。Hale说今天的人们用得更多的是电子邮件。

24.C40．答案为C

全文主要讲述大学的变迁，比较四个选项，C为最佳答案。

25.B

26.B

27.D

28.A47．第二段。相撞之后骑车人受伤。选项A是正确的。

29.D解析：本题为细节辨认题。文章第一段第一句讲到“SevenpercentofBritishschoolchildrengotoprivateschoolscalledindependentschools…”即：英国7%的中小学孩子到私立学校上学，这些学校又叫独立学校。

30.C解析：细节辨认题。根据第三段第一句“Allstudentswhowanttousethelibraryborrowingservicesandtherecreational，athletic，andentertainmentfacilitiesmusthaveavalidsummeridentificationcard”可得出正确答案为C。

31.D

32.C句意为：“这些因素在很大程度上都在人们的控制能力之内。”control是正确答案。

33.C解析：通过forfifteenpoundsandfiftypence和上文意思可确定C选项cheque，意思是“支票”。D选项price应后接介词of，而不是for，而且与上文不符。其他选项偏离更远，可排除。

34.C解析：他们或许还要在高速公路上建广告牌，在拥挤的网页上显示大标题。这些花销是很大的。

35.A

36.A父母虽不能代子女选伴侣，却可施加影响。

37.A

38.A解析：修饰easily用quite。选项A是正确的。

39.C手机还有一个好处是有很多有意思的功能，比如照相。annoyed意为“烦闷的”；interested意为“感兴趣的”。这两个词的主语通常是人，有被动的意思。interesting意为“有意思的”；annoying意为“令人烦闷的”。这两个词的主语通常是事物。

40.D你能不能想出还有哪些菜肴含有鸡蛋？

41.A解析：一个精心计划的购物单应包括……所以应选include。

42.D26．答案为D

此处测试词义理解。allow意为“让，允许……得到”。afford意为“担负得起，抽得出时间”。此处传达的意思为“过上一种许多父母很难允许(他们)过的更为独立的生活”。

43.A解析：both与后面的and配合。

44.C

45.C许多人都认为鸡蛋是健康食品。

46.D解析：见上一条。

47.A专家认为电视购物与实体购物的关系是并存而非替代。

48.B

49.C解析：见上一条。

50.A29．答案为A

此处测试句意理解。读懂全句可知，这里要填人的是一个表达“争论”的词。

51.C解析：选项C画线字母读[b]，其他选项画线字母不发音。

52.B选项B画线字母读[∫)，其他选项画线字母读[t∫]。

53.C解析：画线部分读[i：]，其他选项的画线部分读[ei]。

54.D

55.D解析：画线部分读[au]，其他选项的画线部分读[u：]。

56.D

57.B

58.B

59.AA画线部分读[

?]，其他选项的画线部分读[s]。

60.BA、C、D三项划线部分发[u：]，而B项划线部分发[A]，因此选B项。

61.D解析：carriedon意为“坚持下去”；triedout意为“试用”；wenton意为“继续”；workedout意为“发生”。我们计划的艺术展不是这样，但这效果非常好。

62.B

63.B解析：recover表示恢复，此处指从石油危机中恢复过来。

64.B解析：beusedtodoingsth．表示“习惯于做某事”。

65.C解析：本题测试形容词搭配。befamousfor为固定搭配，意为“因……而著名”，符合题意。famous不与其他的三个选项搭配。本句大意为：桂林以其美丽的风景而著名。

66.B解析：表示倍数的词用在比较句中常用的结构是：主语+谓语动词+倍数+as+much/many+as+名词或代词。

67.A

68.D解析：递进关系，用infact，表“事实上”。

69.A

70.D

71.A句中的连词while意为“当……的时候”，常常引导过去进行时的句子。

72.A解析：此句为“Iftimepermits”的缩略形式。从句省略连词后，从句谓语也应改用分词形式。

73.Cresign表“辞职”。

74.C表示可能发生的事用一般将来时。你如果不马上睡觉，明天你会觉得疲倦。

75.A

76.D解析：本题考短语后接词序的问题。其用法是asmuch…as…一本句大意为；大多数医生认为医学不仅是一门科学还是一门艺术。

77.A解析：exposedto“接触”，befilledin“被填入”。

78.B本题考查动词各个时态的区别，句中shut用被动语态表示门处在关闭的状态。

79.C解析：much用在句中修饰比较级better。

80.B解析：该题测试副词hard，hardly的用法。hard意思是“辛苦地”，修饰tried