2021下半年遵义市英语统招专升本真题演练【带答案】

2021下半年遵义市英语统招专升本真题演练【带答案】学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、阅读理解(30题)1.Thispassagemainlytalksabout______.

A.thetoolsmadeby"FloresHuman"

B.thelanguageusedby"FloresHuman"

C.theevolutionof"FloresHuman"

D.themajorsurprisingfindingsabout"FloresHuman"

2.Asusedinthelastsentence,thephrase"inshort"means______.

A.inthelongrunB.indetailC.infactD.inaword

3.Didthemerchantknowwhohadtakentheumbrella?

A.Sure.B.Notverysure.C.Notatall.D.Probably.

4.WhichofthefollowingbestcharacterizesthemainfeatureofthenursingsystematBethIsraelHospital?

A.Thedoctorgetsmoreactiveprofessionalsupportfromtheprimarynurse.

B.Eachpatientistakencareofbyaprimarynursedayandnight.

C.Theprimarynursewritescareplansforeverypatient.

D.Theprimarynursekeepsrecordsofthepatient'shealthconditionseveryday.

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?______

A.Fewpeoplewilltakedrugsiftheyareallowed.

B.TheUnitedStateswillbeeasilydefeatedifitscitizensareallowedtotakedrugs.

C.Itisageneralpracticetoforbiddrugsindifferentcountries.

D.Amajorityofpeoplewillbecomeaddicttodrugsiftheyareallowedtotakethem.

6.根据以下内容，回答下列各题。

Theenergywhichthesunradiatesgoesineverydirection,andonlyaminutepartofitfallsontheearth．Evenso,itrepresentspowerofabout5,000,000horsepower(马力)persquaremileperday;thesungivesusasmuchenergyeverymiunteasmankindutilizesinayear．Atpresent,weusethisenergyindirectly,anditisourfinalsourceofpower．Coalrepresentsthechemicalactionofthesunongreenplantsthousandsofyearsago．Waterpowerresultsfromtherainformedbyvaporwhichcomesfromtheevaporationofwaterunderthesunshine．Evenwindmillsoperatebecauseofaircurrentssetinmotionbythedifferentheatingaffectsofthesunindifferentplaces．Someday,throughchemistryorsometypeofsolarengine,weshallharnessthisgreatsourceofenergymoredirectly．Alreadyascientisthasworkedoutanengine,surprisinglyefficient,inwhichthesun’sraysareconcentratedthroughmirrorsonatubeofwatertocreatesteam．

Howmuchenergygivenoffbythesunreachestheearth?

A.100%butindirectly．

B.5%．

C.50%．

D.onlyaverytinyamount．

7."You'veputabuginhisear"meansthatyou've______.

A.madehimlaugh

B.shownconcernforhim

C.madefunofhim

D.givenhimsomekindofwarning

8.Thefirstparagraphtellsustheauthor________．

A.wasborntoanaturalistsfamily

B.didn’tlikehisbrothersandsisters

C.losthishearingwhenhewasachild

D.wasinterestedinflowersandinsectsinhischildhood

9.Thepassagestatesthatbeesdifferfrommostothercommunitiesofinsectsintheirneedto______.

A.reproduceinlargenumbers

B.controlthetemperaturewheretheylive

C.dividetheworkoftheircolonies

D.haveacomplexdefensesystem

10.Whenaluminumwasfirstproducedaboutahundredandfiftyyearsago,itwassodifficulttoseparatefromtheores(矿石)inwhichitwasfoundthatitspricewashigherthanthatofgold.Thepriceremainedhighuntilanewprocesswasdiscoveredforrefiningthemetalwiththeaidofelectricityapproximatelythreequartersofacenturylater.Thenewmethodwassomuchcheaperthataluminumbecamepracticalformanypurposes,oneofwhichmakingpotsandpans.

Aluminumislightweight,rustproofandeasilyshapedintodifferentforms.Bymixingitwithothermetals,scientistshavebeenabletoproduceavarietyofalloys,someofwhichhavethestrengthofsteelbutweighonlyonethirdasmuch.

Today,theusesofaluminumareinnumerable.Perhapsitsmostimportantuseisintransportation.Aluminumisfoundintheenginesofautomobiles,inthehullsofboats.Itisalsousedinmanypartsofairplanes.Infact,thehuge“airbus”planeswouldprobablyneverhavebeenproducedifaluminumdidnotexist.Bymakingvehicleslighterinweightaluminumhasgreatlyreducedtheamountoffuelneededtomovethem.Aluminumisalsobeingusedextensivelyinthebuildingindustryinsomecountries.

Sincealuminumissuchaversatile(多用的)metal,itisfortunatethatbauxite(铝土矿),whichisoneofitschiefsources,isalsooneoftheearth’smostplentifulsubstances.Asthesourceofaluminumisalmostinexhaustible,wecanexpectthatmoreandmoreuseswillbefoundforthisversatilemetal.Thepriceofaluminumwassharplyreducedwhenpeoplediscoveredanewrefiningprocesswiththeaidof______.A.A.windB.solarenergyC.hydraulicpowerD.electricity

11."Feeloutofsorts"，asitisusedinthesecondparagraph，couldbestbereplacedby_________．查看材料A.putthingsinorder

B.areinabadmood

C.searchfortranquilizers

D.wantamood-raiser

12.根据下列短文，回答下列各题。

Tounderstandthemarketingconcept，itisonlynecessarytounderstandthedifferencebe—tweenmarketingandselling．Nottoomanyyearsago，mostindustriesconcentratedprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods，andthenreliedon“Persuasivesalesmanship”tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible．Suchproductionandsellingfocusesontheneedsofthesellertoproducegoodsandthenconvertthemintomoney．

Marketing，Ontheotherhand，focusesonthewantsofconsumers．Itbeginswithfirstanalyzingthepreferencesanddemandsofconsumersandthenproducinggoodsthatwillsatisfythem．Thiseyeontheconsumerapproachisknownasthemarketingconcept，whichsireplymeansthatinsteadoftryingtosellwhateveriseasiesttoproduceor：buyforresale，themakersanddealersfirsttryto.findoutwhattheconsumerwantstobuyandthengoaleIoutmakingitac-cordingtoconsumerdemand．

Thisconceptdoesnotimplythatconsumersatisfactionisgivenpriorityoverprofitinacomopany．Therearealwaystwosidestoeverybusinessactivity-thefinnandthecustomer-and，eachmustbesatisfiedbeforebadeOCCURS．Successfulmerchantsandproducers，however，recog-nizethatthesurestroutetoprofitisthroughunderstandingcustomers．Thisconcepthasbeenrec-ognizedinsuchslogallsas“HaveItYourWay．”And“YouretheBoss．”AgoodexampleoftheinlpoltaJlceofsatisfyingtheconsumerpresenteditselfinmid一1985，whenCocaColachangedtheflavorofitsdrink．Thenon-acceptahoeofthenewflavorbyasignificantpotionofthepubhebroughtaboutaquickrestorationoftheClassicCoke，whichWasthenmarketedalongsidethenewKingCustomerruled!

Agoodknowledgeofthedifferencebetweenmarketingandsellingleadsto________.

A.theefficientproductionofgoods

B.aperfectcommandofsalesmanship

C.abasiccommandofthemarketingconcept

D.theconversionofgoodsintomoney

13.Theteacher,tosomeextent,isaleaderbecause______.

A.heisresponsibleforawell-organizedclassandagoodlearningenvironment

B.hedealswithstudentsinthesamewayasaleaderdealswithpeople

C.heshoulddevelopharmonyamongstudents

D.hehastomaintainorderandgiveinstructionandevaluation

14.Thispassageprovidesuswith______.

A.apieceofscientificinformation

B.anormallesson

C.aninterestingtest

D.apieceofnews

15.49.Thereasonfortheoldwoman'ssecretburialwasthatthethreewomen______.A.weretoosadtoletthepublicknowitB.hadnomoneytoarrangeforapublicfuneralC.wantedtocollecttheoldwoman'spensionD.wereafraidthattheymightbeputintoprison

16.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A.Therearemanyformsofcommunicationinexistencetoday.

B.Languageisthemostcommonform.ofcommunication.

C.Touristsareincapableofusinganoralform.ofcommunication.

D.Ideasandthoughtscanbetransmittedbybodylanguage.

17.Itseemsthatallthesearefactorsinvolvedinlearningexcept______.

A.motivation

B.studytechniques

C.learningatmosphere

D.personality

18.TheIndiansgottheirbrotherstodosomethingby______?

A.tellingthemwhattodo

B.showingthemhowtodoit

C.makingthemobeytheorder

D.beatingthemdowntolowerprices

19.（）IntheUnitedStates，___________.A.A.TvbroadcastinghoursDevotedtoeducationaremorethanthoseDevotedtoen-tertainment

B.educationalprogramsareshownDuringpeakviewingtimes

C.mostofTVbroadcastinghoursaregiventoentertainment

D.TVprogramsareshownforworldaudiencetowatch

20.Thepassageimpliesthat______.

A.computerscausedtheproblemforthetwoWandas

B.theonlysimilaritybetweenthetwowomenwastheirname

C.thenewspapershelpedsolvedtheproblemforthetwoWandas

D.thewomen'sproblemsweresolvedwhenonemovedtoGrenada

21.Weknowfromthepassagethat______.

A.exposuretoeventinyamountsofradiationisfatal

B.theeffectofexposuretoradiationisslowincoming

C.radiationisavoidableinspaceexploration

D.astronautsinspacesuitsneedn'tworryaboutradiationdamage

22.Shackletonwasregardedasaherobecause______.

A.hecrossedAntarcticaonfoot

B.hetookmanyphotosofAntarctica

C.heshowedgreatcourageinthefaceofdanger

D.hehadmanyadventures

23.Toppingtheclassacademicallywascertainlyanadvantage.StudyingwasabreezeforNigel.Therewardwascertainlyincomparabletothelittleeffortthathehadtoputit.Itbeganwhenhewasselectedtohelptheteachersinthecomputerlaboratories.Thepeakofhisschoolcareercamenotwhenhetoppedtheschoolbutwhenhewasselectedforthenationwidecompetition.Unlikeeveryoneelse,NigelwantedtojointhecontestbecausehelikedplayingwiththeLegosetsandmakingsomethingoutofthem.Nigelspentthenexttwomonthsrebuildinghisrobot.ItwasduringthetimethatNigelfoundoutabouttheprizesforthecompetitionaswellasanothercompetitor,Alicia,fromaneighboringschool.Hisearlyintentionswereforgotten.Gettingthethousand-dollarprizewasmoreimportantthananythingelse.NigeldecidedtobefriendAlicia.Unawareofhisintentions,shetoldhimallabouttherobotthatshehadbeenbuildingforthecompetition.Heevenhelpedhertoputthefinishingbranchestoherrobot.Hewasgladwiththewaythingshadprogressed.HisrobotlookedevenbetterthanAliciasanditwasabletobounceaballwithitsarm,somethingAliciahadfailedtodo.Onthedayofthecompetition,hesawAlicia.Everythingdawnedonhertheminuteshesawhimamongthecompetitors.Shestaredathim,puzzledatfirst,thenangryandfinallyalookofhelplessnesscameoverher.TheflashbulbsofthecameraexplodedinNigelsface.Therobothadperformedactionssouniqueanddifferentthatthespecialistsjudgmentswerethesame.Nigelwassopleasedwithhimselfthathedidnotevennoticethegirlstandingafewfeetawayfromhim.Withouther,hewouldneverhavewonthecompetition.

WhatrewarddidNigelreceivefordoingwellinhisschoolwork?

A.Hewasofferedapart-timejob.

B.Hewashonoredwithascholarship.

C.Hehelpedhisteacherconstructarobot.

D.Hehelpedinthecomputerlaboratories.

24.41.Theunmistakablefigurewiththemoustachemostprobablyrepresents______.A.thosewhodiedinthewarB.thosewhohadwonC.animaginaryfigureD.themosthatedpersoninthewar--Hitler

25.Theexperimentwasdesignedtofindout______.

A.howtoteachthestudentsinthescienceclass

B.whetherpoetryisdifficultforsciencestudents

C.whattobetaughtinthehumanitiesclass

D.whymanyhumanitiesstudentsfindsciencehard

26.Accordingtothepassage,modernindustrymusthavedeveloped______.

A.beforetheMiddleAges

B.aboutinthenineteenthcentury

C.inGreeceorRome

D.machinestotaketests

27.Afterreadingthestory,youcanprobablytellwhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Mr.Greendidn'tgotothepolicestationuntilthemangotoffhiscarandranaway.

B.Mr.Greenwouldgotothepolicestationassoonaspossible.

C.TherobbergotoutofMr.Green'scarattheoutskirtsofLondonsafely.

D.Mr.Greenmightnotgotothepolicestationunlesshewaswanted.

28.IfSarahhadn‘tcometothecabin，__________．查看材料

A.Abe"sfatherwouldn"thavetoldhimnottogotoschool

B.Abewouldn"thavehelpedhisfatheronthefarm

C.Abewouldn"thavehadsomuchtimetoread

D.Abe"sfatherwouldn!thavetoldhimtostopreading

29.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinthepassage?______

A.Toprovethatfootballistheworld'smostimportantsport

B.ToshowthatArgentinaisbetterthanallothers

C.TocompareScotlandwithArgentina

D.Toexplaintheroleofsport

30.Awell-plannedandwell-keptgardencanprovideasupplyoffreshvegetables______.A.A.allyearround

B.wheneveryouneednutritiousfood

C.foragreaterpartoftheyear

D.throughoutspring

二、完型填空(20题)31.________查看材料

A.goB.practiceC.jumpD.Shoot

32.(83)

A.superiortoB.inferiortoC.superioroverD.inferiorthan

33.(48)

A.nearB.insideC.underD.outside

34.

35.

第33题请将正确答案填在第33处。

A.knownB.withC.calledD.in

36.【B12】

A.learnsB.studiesC.realizesD.understands

37.

第27题请在第27处填上正确答案。

A.preparedB.servedC.boughtD.brought

38.(53)

A.floorB.groundC.placeD.room

39.【B15】

A.preventB.mindC.avoidD.enjoy

40.29.

A.immediately

B.usually

C.sometimes

D.frequently

41.【C11】

A.suchB.soC.muchD.various

42.30.A.exercisesB.defectsC.mistakesD.tests

43.(42)

A.workB.marketC.streetD.shop

44.【B1】

A.drugB.inventionC.methodD.therapy

45.(46)

A.richB.lackingC.foundD.hiding

46.26.A.andB.yetC.notD.just

47.(77)

A.andB.soC.butD.for

48.(52)

A.silentB.lockedC.emptyD.open

49.32.A.forgetB.refuseC.missD.ignore

50.(51)

A.actuallyB.hardlyC.fairlyD.generally

三、语音(10题)51.(1)

A.ghost

B.daughter

C.taught

D.through

52.(3)

A.Canadian

B.mission

C.million

D.billion

53.(5)

A.cropB.hotC.properD.stomach

54.（）A.A.correct

B.discover

C.comfort

D.come

55.(4)

A.breath

B.breathe

C.mouth

D.cloth

56.

A.war

B.farmerC.largerD.carrt

57.2.A.thoughtB.boughtC.broughtD.though

58.(2)

A.saysB.daysC.delay

D.away

59.3.A.months

B.mouths

C.paths

D.clothes

60.5.______A.clay

B.anyway

C.delay

D.Monday

四、词汇与结构(20题)61.Colorandsexarenotrelevant______whetherapersonissuitableforthejob.

A.toB.onC.forD.with

62.Hadheworkedharder,he______theexams.

A.musthavegotthrough

B.wouldhavegotthrough

C.wouldgetthrough

D.couldgetthrough

63.Auniversitytownisaplacewherethereisnoclearseparation______theuniversitybuildingsandtherestofthecity.

A.beyondB.fromC.betweenD.for

64.Karenisrich；_________hercousinKateisDoor．A.A.thereforeB.otllerwiseC.howeverD.afterwards

65.In______reviewof44studies,Americanresearchersfoundthatmenandwomenwhoatesixkeyfoodsdailycuttheriskof______heartdiseaseby76%.

A.a;theB.the;aC.a;/D./;a

66.——Haveyouseenhimrecently?

——Yes．Imethimat__________thismorning．

A.tailorsB.atailorsC.thetailorD.thetaileIrs

67.14.Hedidn'tknowGerman,______madeitdifficultforhimtostudyatauniversityinGermany.A.thatB.asC.whichD.this

68.Theytalkedandtalkedasifthey______nevermeetagain.

A.willB.wouldC.shouldD.shall

69.Strongwindsmay______awaythesoilontheearthsurface.

A.blowB.putC.getD.lead

70.Itwasnotuntilhearrivedatthestation______herealizedhehadforgottenhisticket.A.A.thereB.thenC.thatD.where

71.—Wasthehousemasterstrict?—Yes.Herequestedthatwe______televisiononweeknights.

A.notwatch

B.mustnottostay

C.notbewatching

D.stayingnot

72.Hangzhou,______wespentlastspring,isoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesinChina.

A.whereB.whichC.thatD.when

73.When_____,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.

A.completedB.completingC.beingcompletedD.tobecompleted

74.14.______hadhearrivedhomethanitbegantorain.A.NotuntilB.NosoonerC.ScarcelyD.hardly

75.13.Ishouldhavetoldyou!You______theentirehouse.Ourcleaningladyphonedshe'scomingtomorrow.A.didn'tneedtocleanB.needn'thavecleanedC.don'tneedtocleanD.mustn'thavecleaned

76.Sallyseldomdoesherhomeworkinthemorning,______.

A.sodoesJerry

B.Jerryistoo

C.neitherdoesJerry

D.Jerrydoesn'ttoo

77.I'msorryto______youallthat.Butyou'llseethatI'vedonethatforyourgood.

A.havetotellB.musttellC.oughttotellD.shalltell.

78.Playingtabletennisisher______.

A.hobbyB.careC.sportD.habit

79.Morethantenpereentoftheworkers_________fromItaly，

A.isB.come$C.WaftD.ale

80.UncleCarlisreally______man.

A.anoldsweetB.asweet,oldC.asweetoldD.anold,sweet

五、书面表达(1题)81.假设你是小明，光明中学的学生，你给你的好友小华写信讲述你的美国之行。内容包括：先去了纽约，看到许多摩天大楼，但看不到世贸大厦了；两天后去了洛杉矶（LosAngeles），参观了好莱坞，游览了迪斯尼乐园；还去了内华达（Nevada）的里诺Reno），游览了风景优美的大沪（Dahu）湖。

注意：

1．不要逐字翻译，叙述要连贯。

2．词数应为100左右。

六、写作(1题)82.事由：春游

参加者：所有新生

活动内容：上午：参观植物园并看人与自然的展览

下午：中山陵

集合时间和地点：3月20日上午7：00；校大门前

注意事项：

1．自带午餐；

2．参加者在下周四前到学生会报名。

Wordsforreference：植物园theBotanicalgarden

参考答案

1.DD项把A、B、C三项都概括了。A、B、C三项都是片面的，故最佳答案为D项。

2.D解析：最后一段。这里应是总结或归纳性质的。Inthelongrun就长远来说，indetail就细节而言，infact事实上，inaword简言之、一句话。选项D是正确的。

3.C解析：文章最后五行，指明许多雨伞被送到这位失主门前，虽然有些雨伞上附有留言，但都没有、也不会有任何姓名。

4.A

5.C

6.D

7.D

8.D

9.B解析：细节题。文章告诉我们蜜蜂与其他昆虫的不同之处在于它丧失了冬眠的能力，这样它就需要控制住处的温度。

10.D本题为客观细节题。从文中第一段最后两句“Thepriceremainedhighuntilanewprocesswasdiscoveredforrefiningthemetalwiththeaidofelectricityapproximatelythreequartersofacenturylater．Thenewmethodwassomuchcheaper．．．”中可以得知选项D是正确答案。

11.B词义猜测题。

从第二段可知，feeloutofsorts意为心情不好”。

12.C

13.A

14.A本文是通过具体的实验来得出一些关于人们行为的科学结论，因此A项正确。

15.C49．答案为C

此考题为细节题。作者在文章中指出，三个妇女为了能继续领取老妇人的退休金，在老妇人死后两年内直秘不发丧而采取了秘密埋葬的方式，故应选C。

16.C

17.D解析：根据文章第一段第二句…thatstudentsdolearninunfavorableconditions．．．studentsoftensucceedusingmethods．．．和第一段最后一句…thatthemotivationofthestudentisperhapsthesinglemostimportantthing．．，可排除motivation，studytechniques和learningatmosphere。

18.B

19.D

20.C解析：见原文最后一段。当报纸登了她们的故事后，大家才恍然大悟。一切都清楚了，问题也就容易解决了。

21.B

22.C

23.D由第一段段意可知，Nigel是因在学校学习好被选到计算机实验室帮助老师而得到一些酬劳。A、B、C三项在本文中都没提到，故排除，答案选D项。

24.D41．文章提到的是“二战”时期的事，因此令人憎恨的、不会弄错的人物应当是希特勒。选项D是正确的。

25.D由第一段的最后两句可知本题选D项。

26.B解析：细节辨认题。由第四段"Thewrittenexamination,whereallthestudentsaretestedonthesamequestions,wasprobablynotknownuntilthenineteenthcentury.Itperhapscameintoexistencewiththegreatincreaseinpopulationandthedevelopmentofmodernindustry"可得出正确答案为B。

27.D解析：此题为细节信息推理题。其中关键词是NOTtrue。可采用对比法，对照原文找出不符合文义的选项，或把与文中情节一致的选项排除，只剩下NOTtrue项作为正确答案。通过对上一题的分析，已知Mr．Green想被送入警局，但警察不肯(第2段倒数第4句)，证明D项与上述事实正好相反，属NOTtrue之列，故D项为正确答案。而A、B、C三项均与文章事实一致，不能入选。

28.C事实细节题。

【应试指导】从第五段可知，Abe的父亲反对他读书，但是Sarah来到之后，坚持让Abe读书。

29.D解析：本文客观地表达了作者对体育运动的看法。

30.C

31.A推理判断题。

【应试指导】根据文章开头丈夫去世、妻子自杀的提示，此处应为“我也必须死”。90“走了，去了”与die同义，选A。practice实践；jump跳跃：shoot射击。

32.A解析：superiorto优于。

33.B解析：Ababychicken和develop二词指的是小鸡在鸡蛋里发育时。所以应用inside。选项B是正确的。

34.C前面说平常，后句说不同，两句之间要用表示转折的连词but。

35.A后面已有介词to，故不能再选介词in或with。不能说becalledtoSb；因此也不能选C。knowntosb．的意思是“为……所知道”。

36.B解析：与starts作并列谓语。

37.B此处表示作者伺候孩子们吃饭，因此用serve符合题意和搭配。

38.D解析：这里只有容纳一个人的空间，room作“房间”讲时，是可数名词；room作“空间”讲时，是不可数名词。

39.D解析：enjoy+doingsth．为固定搭配，表示“喜爱，欣赏……做法”。

40.A

41.Asuch…as表示“诸如……之类的”。

42.C此句意为：重新考虑他们的错误之处。

43.A

44.B解析：全文通过火车一例说明医学观点对许多事物的看法的可笑之处。接下来介绍任何一项新发明的出现总会招致医学人士的赞成或反对。

45.A解析：前一句说了鸡蛋是完美的食物，所以它在营养方面肯定是丰富的，不会是缺失的。选项A是正确的。

46.B答案为B。根据上下文，此处应为转折，yet相当于but；而and连接并列句。

47.C解析：but表示转折关系。与前面的喜欢相对比，这次我不开心，所以用but表示转折。

48.D解析：这一段的第一句提到，南部州所有的聋哑学校都关闭了，只有一个除外。换句话说，这个学校是开着的。everyschoolforthedeafclosedexceptone这句话的前面说，每个学校都关闭了，exceptone只有一个除外。后一句给出哪个学校除外。remain后加形容词意为：保持着某种状态。前三个选项都与实际意义相反。

49.D此句意为：那也不是说父母应忽略孩子的作业。

50.A解析：众议院将选举总统，而参议院将选出副总统。我们可以真正从一党选出正总统，而另一党选出副总统。

51.A解析：画线部分读[g]，其他选项的画线部分不发音。

52.B解析：选项B画线字母读[en]，其他选项画线字母读[ien]。

53.D解析：A，B，C项划线部分发[c]，而D项划线部分发[A]，所以选D项。

54.A

55.B解析：该题测试辅音字母组合th的读音。选项A、C、D中出发[θ]音；选项B中th发[z]音。

56.AA项的划线部分