山东省济南市十一校2021届高三英语下学期4月阶段性联考检测试题含解析

山东省济南市十一校2021届高三英语下学期4月阶段性联考检测试题（含解析）注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、座号、考号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWheretostayduringanartholidayinStIves,CornwallStIves,oneofthemostimpressivelocationsintheworld,haslongbeenattractingartists.Since1938wehavebeenrunningartclassesinCornwallinPorthmeorstudiosoverlookingtheocean.Thereisaplentifulselectionofplacestostay,withthemajoritywithinwalkingdistancetoStIvesSchoolofPainting.NORISKPOLICY:Pleasereserveyourplaceforacourseandifyoudon’tfindsuitableaccommodationwithin48hourswewillrefundyouinfull.CohortHostel(旅社)：Cool，contemporaryhostelaccommodationinthecentreofStIves.Bedsfrom£20/night.WiFi,Courtyard,Bar,Lounge,TVRoom,Fullyequippedkitchen,SafedormsandPrivaterooms.Tel：01736791664BeachsideGuestHouse：50yardsfromtheSchoolandPorthmeorBeach.4Rooms,allensuiterooms(浴室套房).Pricesfrom£75/nightforadoubleen-suiteroom.Tel：07810127812WestbyFive：ImpressiveEdwardiantownhousebuiltabovePorthmeorBeachtotakefulladvantageoftheoceanviews.Fiveminutes'walkfromtheschool.Offeringfourbeautifullyappointeden-suiterooms.VisitEngland5-starguestaccommodationaward.Pricesfrom£70pernight.Tel：01736794584Tregony：A4-startownhousewithspectacularpanoramic(全景的)sea-views，overlookingPorthmeorBeachandTheIsland.Offering5stylishrooms(4en-suite),only5minuteswalkfromtheSchool.Pricesforsingleoccupancystartfrom£60pernight.Tel：01736791851TheSailLofts：Self-cateringapartments,afewstepstothebeachandjustaroundthecornerfromtheSchool.Tel:01736799175Granny’s:Self-cateringfisherman’sholidaycottage，2beds，situatedintheheartofStIves.Tel；01736797139WallisCottage:StayinthehomeofthefamousartistAlfredWallis(1855〜1942).Comfortableself-cateringcottage,perfectfortwoandveryclosetotheSchool.Tel：012527032721.WherewouldyoumostprobablystaywhentravelingtoStIvesonatightbudget?A.InTregony. B.InWestbyFive. C.InCohortHostel. D.InBeachsideGuestHouse.2.WhatdoWestbyFive,TregonyandTheSailLoftshaveincommon?A.Theyallhavecomfortableen-suites.B.Theyareall4or5-staraccommodationplacesC.TheyareallclosetoStIvesSchoolofPainting.D.Theyallprovidespectacularpanoramicsea-views.3.Whichnumberwillyoucallifyouwanttostayatalateartist’shome?A.07810127812. B.01736794584.C.01736799175. D.01252703272.【答案】1.C2.C3.D【解析】【分析】本文是应用文，介绍了到StIves,Cornwall旅行时可选择的七家旅社，以及每家旅社的特色。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Tregony部分的“singleoccupancystartfrom£60pernight”可知，单人房每晚60英镑起；WestbyFive部分的“Pricesfrom£70pernight”可知，每晚70英镑起；CohortHostel部分的“Bedsfrom£20/night”可知，床从每晚20英镑起；BeachsideGuestHouse部分的“Pricesfrom£75/night”可知，每晚75英镑起。对比四处的房价可知，CohortHostel最便宜，适合在预算紧张的情况下去StIves。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据WestbyFive部分“...Fiveminutes'walkfromtheschool.”可知，从学校步行五分钟可以到WestbyFive；Tregony部分的“...only5minuteswalkfromtheSchool.”可知，从学校步行到Tregony只需5分钟；TheSailLofts部分的“...justaroundthecornerfromtheSchool.”可知，TheSailLofts就在学校的拐角处。由此可知，可知三家旅社的共同之处是离StIves绘画学校都不远。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文中“WallisCottage:StayinthehomeofthefamousartistAlfredWallis(1855〜1942)....Tel：01252703272”（WallisCottage：待在著名艺术家阿尔弗雷德沃利斯(1855〜1942)的家中。……电话:01252703272）可知如果想待在著名艺术家的家中，可以住在WallisCottage:，电话号码是01252703272。故选D项。BThepandemic(流行病）hasleftalotoffamiliesinfinancialdifficulty.Notonlyhavemanyfounditdifficulttopaybills,they’vealsohadtodealwithhugeunpaiddebts.Thankfully,oneverykind-hearteddoctor,OmarAtiq,fromArkansasdecidedtoforgivethe$650,000debtthathispatientsstillhadtopay.Dr.OmarAtiqclosedhisclinicinPineBluffafter30yearsofofferingpatientsradiationtherapy(治疗），andCATscans.Whileputtinghisaffairsinorder，withthehelpofadebtcollectionagency,Dr.Atiqrealizedthathispatientswerereallystrugglingtopayofftheirdebts.“SomywifeandI，asafamily，thoughtaboutitandlookedatforgivingallthedebts.Wesawthatwecoulddoitandthenjustwentaheadanddidit.”Thereasoningbehindthedecisioncomesfromhisunderstandingtowardthosehe'sseensufferthroughouthisyearsasadoctor：“SinceIstartedpracticing，I’vealwaysbeenratheruncomfortablewithsickpatientsnotonlyhavingtoworryabouttheirownhealth,qualityoflife,theirlongevity，theirfamiliesandtheirjobsbutalsomoney.That’salwaysconcernedme.”Atiq’swife,Mehreen,shareshiscaringnatureandsupportedherhusbandinhisdecision.SoOmarsentthefollowingletteratChristmastoaround200ofhispatients：Althoughvarioushealthinsurancespaymostofthebillsforthemajorityofpatients，thedeductibles(自负额）andco-payscanbeburdensome.Unfortunately,thatisthewayourhealthcaresystemcurrentlyworks.Myclinichasdecidedtoforgiveallthedebtsowedtothe'clinicbyitspatients.Omar,thefatheroffourchildrenwhoarealsodoctorsorbecomingdoctors,seemstohavealwaysputthepatientsfirst.“Ihaveneverrefusedtoseeapatient，notforlackofhealthinsuranceorfundsnorforanyotherreason.Tvealwaysconsidereditahighhonorandprivilegetobesomeone’sphysician—moreimportantthananythingelse，’’Omarsharedwiththelocalmedia.4.WhendidAtiqrealizehispatients’inabilitytopayofftheirdebts?A.Asthedebtcollectionagencyhelpedhim.B.Whenhewascollectingthedebtinperson.C.Afterheclearlyknewthedetailsofthedebt.D.Afterhefoundoutthepandemicwasserious.5.WhatmainlyresultsinDr.Atiq’sgenerousdecision?A.Hisresponsibility. B.Hiswife’ssupport.C.Hissympathy. D.Hismedicalpractice.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutDr.Atiq?A.Hevalueshispatientsandhisjob.B.Heworkstogetherwithhischildren.C.Hewillstartanotherclinicinthefuture.D.Hethinksthatbeingadoctorisprofitable.7.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Dr.Atiqhasmadeaveryimportantdecision.B.Dr.Atiqremoveshispatients'financialburden.C.Dr.Atiqhascontributedalottothemedicalfield.D.Dr.Atiqhassetagoodexampleforallthedoctors.【答案】4.A5.C6.A7.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个名为OmarAtiq的医生在得知病人无力还款的情况后，免除了病人的医药费用。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“withthehelpofadebtcollectionagency,Dr.Atiqrealizedthathispatientswerereallystrugglingtopayofftheirdebts.”可知，在债务公司的帮助下（债务公司帮助他要钱的时候），Dr.Atiq意识到他的病人们苦苦挣扎还不起债务了，故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thereasoningbehindthedecisioncomesfromhisunderstandingtowardthosehe'sseensufferthroughouthisyearsasadoctor”可知，是因为他对病人的理解（同情），所以做了这样的决定，故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Omar,thefatheroffourchildrenwhoarealsodoctorsorbecomingdoctors,seemstohavealwaysputthepatientsfirst.”（奥马尔是四个孩子的父亲，他们都是医生或即将成为医生，他似乎总是把病人放在第一位。）可知，Dr.Atiq是一个重视病人，重视工作的医生，故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“Thankfully,oneverykind-hearteddoctor,OmarAtiq,fromArkansasdecidedtoforgivethe$650,000debtthathispatientsstillhadtopay.”（谢天谢地，来自阿肯色州的一位非常善良的医生奥马尔·阿提克决定免除病人需要偿还的65万美元的债务）可知，文章介绍了奥马尔·阿提克医生免除了病人的巨额债务，故选B。CTheIndiangovernmentdeclaredan“emergencysituation”inNewDelhionSundayasairpollutionhitdangerousnewhighsandpeoplehadtheselfies(自拍)toproveit.Officialsannouncedaseriesofmeasurestofightagainstsmoginthecapitalcity,includinghaltingconstructionprojects,closingacoal-firedpowerfactoryfor10daysandwashingthedustyroads.Thecitizens，meanwhile，took“smogselfies”astheywalkedthroughdirtyairwhichcouldtasteandsmell.SomeselfiephotographersjoinedhundredsofprotestersindowntownNewDelhitodemandthatthegovernmentdealwiththedeadlysmog.NewDelhi,alreadyoneoftheworld’sdirtiestcities,isexperiencingitsworstsmoginnearlytwodecades.ThecitysawlevelsofPM2.5ofmorethan900microgramspercubicmeteronSaturday.That’smorethan90timesthelevelthattheWorldHealthOrganizationconsiderssafeandis15timeshigherthantheIndiangovernment’sstandards.Particulate(微粒的)mattercomesfromvehicles,coalfactories,burningtrashpiles,dustandothersources.NewDelhi’sseverepollutionwasinitiallyblamedonthewidespreadburstingoffirecrackersduringthefestivalDiwali.ButimagespublishedbyNASAlastweeksuggestedthatcropburningintheneighboringstatesofPunjabandHaryanacouldbethereasonfortheincreasinglevelsofPM2.5.NewDelhi’schiefminister,ArvindKejriwal,saidthatfarmersinthosestatesbeginburningstrawatthestartofeverywintertocleartheirplantsforplantingwheat.Thepollutioncanleadtolungcancer,heartdiseaseandrelatedillnesses,particularlyingrowingchildren.Kejriwalsaidpeopleshouldavoidgoingoutdoorsuntilthepollutionlevelsdropandshouldworkathomeasmuchaspossible.Ofcourse,theyshouldputdowntheselfiesticks,too.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“halting”inParagraph2meap?A.Stopping. B.Encouraging. C.Protecting. D.Changing.9.Whatcanweknowfromthetext?A.ThepoorconditioninNewDelhihasledtoastrike.B.NewDelhiisoneofthemostpollutedcitiesintheworld.C.AlotofpeopleespeciallychildrendiedofsmoginNewDelhi.D.Kejriwalsuggestedthatpeoplestopworkingtodealwithsmog.10.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A.ImagesofpeoplelivinginNewDelhi.B.LevelsofPM25inmostcitiesofIndia.C.SourcesofparticulatematterinNewDelhi.D.MeasurestakenbytheNewDelhigovernment.11.What’sKejriwal’sattitudetowardssmogsefies?A.Doubtful. B.Supportive. C.Uncaring. D.Opposed.【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述印度新德里空气污染值创下新高，市民纷纷自拍记录空气质量，印度政府宣布新德里进入“紧急状态”。【8题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词前“Officialsannouncedaseriesofmeasurestofightagainstsmoginthecapitalcity”可知，官员宣布了一系列措施来对抗首都的雾霾，由此可推知“haltingconstructionprojects”是对抗雾霾采取的措施，所以是“暂停施工项目”，划线词“halting”意为“停止”。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段首句“NewDelhi,alreadyoneoftheworld’sdirtiestcities,isexperiencingitsworstsmoginnearlytwodecades.(新德里已然是世界上最脏的城市之一，正经历着近20年来最严重的雾霾。)”可知，新德里是世界上污染最严重的城市之一。故选B项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段中“NewDelhi’sseverepollutionwasinitiallyblamedonthewidespreadburstingoffirecrackersduringthefestivalDiwali.ButimagespublishedbyNASAlastweeksuggestedthatcropburningintheneighboringstatesofPunjabandHaryanacouldbethereasonfortheincreasinglevelsofPM2.5.(新德里的严重污染最初被归咎于排灯节期间大范围燃放鞭炮。但美国宇航局上周公布的图像显示，临近的旁遮普邦和哈里亚纳邦的焚烧庄稼可能是PM2.5水平上升的原因。)”可知，本段主要讲述新德里颗粒物的来源。故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Kejriwalsaidpeopleshouldavoidgoingoutdoorsuntilthepollutionlevelsdropandshouldworkathomeasmuchaspossible.Ofcourse,theyshouldputdowntheselfiesticks,too.(Kejriwal说，在大气污染水平降下来之前，人们最好避免外出，尽可能在家工作。当然，他们也应该把自拍杆收起来。)”可知，Kejriwal对雾霾自拍持反对态度。故选D项。DAfterScottKellyspentayearinspace,hisgeneticexpressionchanged,accordingtoaNASAstudythatcomparedthebodilychangesbetweentheastronautandhisidenticaltwin,whostayedonEarthwhileKellywasaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation.About7percentofKelly’sgeneactivityhasyetto“returntonormal”—almosttwoyearsafterhisyearlongspaceflightmissioncametoanend.KellyhassinceretiredfromNASA.TheTwinsStudy，asit’sbeencalled，lookedatwhathappenedtoKelly—bothphysiologicallyandpsychologically:—before，duringandafterhistripinspace，andthencomparedthatdatatoKelly’stwinbrother，MarkKelly，alsoaretiredNASAastronaut.Unlikehisbrotherwhospentmonthsatatimeinspace，Mark’smissionswereontheshorterside.Hislast—andlongest—mission，whichtookplacein2011，lasted15days.“Bymeasuringlargenumbersofthebrother’smetabolites，cytokines(代谢物、细胞活素）andproteins，researcherslearnedthatspaceflightisassociatedwithoxygendeprivation(匮乏）stress，increasedinflammation(炎症），andnutrientchangesthataffectgeneexpression，”NASAsaid.AlthoughmostofthebiologicalchangesKellyexperiencedinspacedisappearedinthehoursanddays(andinsomecases?weeks)afterhisreturntoEarthy,NASAsaidsomechangesappeartohavecontinued.While93percentofhisgeneticexpressionhasreturnedtonormal,severalhundred“spacegenes”stillhavechangedactivitylevels，thedatasuggests，which,NASAsaid,couldindicate“longer-termchanges”ingeneticexpressioncausedbythestressesofspaceflight.NASAsaidtheresearchcouldprovideimportantknowledgeoftheeffectsoflong-termspaceflightonthehumanbody,andthatitwillinfluenceitsplanningforamissiontoMars,whichwouldseeastronautsspendingsomethreeyearsinspace.Reactingtothenewsofthestudyresults,Kellyexpressedamazementathisbody’schanges，andalsousedtheopportunitytomakefunofhisbrother.“Thiscouldbegoodnews,”hejokedonTwitter.“InolongerhavetocallMarkmyidenticaltwinbrotheranymore.”12.WhatcanbelearntaboutMarkKelly?A.He’sstillworkingforNASA.B.Hehasonlybeentospaceonce.C.Hehasn’tgoneonaspaceflightmissionyet.D.Heneverstayedinspaceforawholemonth.13.WhatdoesNASA’sresearchshowaboutgeneticexpressionchanges?A.They’redangeroustoastronaunts.B.Mostofthemwon’tlastverylong.C.They’remainlycausedbypsychologicalstress.D.Somecanoccurduringshort-termspaceflight.14.WhatcanweknowabouttheTwinsStudy?A.Itinvolvedmanytwinparticipants.B.ItendedsoonafterScottKelly’slastspaceflight.C.ItonlystudiedScottKelly’sphysicalchanges.D.ItwillbevaluabletoNASA’sMarsmission.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.MarkKellywilllosehistwinbrothersoon.B.ScottKellyalwayslooksonthebrightside.C.ScottKellydoesn’tlikehistwinbrother.D.ScottKellyseemstohaveasenseofhumor.【答案】12.D13.B14.D15.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国国家航空航天局(NASA)的一项研究比较了ScottKelly和他的同卵双胞胎之间的身体变化。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“andthencomparedthatdatatoKelly’stwinbrother，MarkKelly，alsoaretiredNASAastronaut.”（然后将这些数据与凯利的双胞胎兄弟马克·凯利(MarkKelly)进行了比较，他也是一名退休的美国宇航局宇航员。）可知，马克已经退休了。再根据第三段“Unlikehisbrotherwhospentmonthsatatimeinspace，Mark’smissionswereontheshorterside.Hislast—andlongest—mission，whichtookplacein2011，lasted15days.”（不像他的兄弟每次在太空中呆上几个月，马克的任务比较短。他最后一次也是最长的一次任务发生在2011年，历时15天。）可知，马克在太空中只待了15填，他从未在太空呆过整整一个月。故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“AlthoughmostofthebiologicalchangesKellyexperiencedinspacedisappearedinthehoursanddaysafterhisreturntoEarthy,NASAsaidsomechangesappeartohavecontinued.”（尽管凯利在太空中经历的大部分生物变化在他返回地球后的几小时或几天内就消失了，但美国宇航局表示，一些变化似乎还在继续。）可知，大部分很快就会消失，持续不了多久。故选B项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段“NASAsaidtheresearchcouldprovideimportantknowledgeoftheeffectsoflong-termspaceflightonthehumanbody,andthatitwillinfluenceitsplanningforamissiontoMars,whichwouldseeastronautsspendingsomethreeyearsinspace.”（美国国家航空航天局表示，这项研究可以提供有关长期太空飞行对人体影响的重要知识，并将影响到其火星任务的计划，届时宇航员将在太空中度过三年左右的时间。）可知，此次对双胞胎兄弟的研究对美国宇航局的火星任务很有价值。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Reactingtothenewsofthestudyresults,Kellyexpressedamazementathisbody’schanges，andalsousedtheopportunitytomakefunofhisbrother.“Thiscouldbegoodnews,”hejokedonTwitter.“InolongerhavetocallMarkmyidenticaltwinbrotheranymore.””（对于研究结果的消息，凯利表达了对自己身体变化的惊讶，并利用这个机会取笑他的弟弟。“这可能是个好消息，”他在Twitter上开玩笑说。“我再也不用管马克叫我的双胞胎兄弟了。”）可知，凯利借此研究结果发现兄弟二人太空回来后基因略有不同，说的只是玩笑话，可见这是幽默的表现。故选D项。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It’spoliteofyoutosaythankyouwhenyouaregivensomething,andthisisparticularlyimportantwhenyoureceiveanawardataceremony.____16____，‘thankyou’isjustthestartofthemostimportantacceptancespeechofyourlife.Speechesareusedasaplatformtomakeapoliticalstatementorjusttoraisesomeone’sprofile(形象)____17____.Andthesewordshavetobedeliveredinashortamountoftime.Forexample,atthisyear’sOscars，nomineeshaveonly90secondsfromfindingoutthey’vewontofinishingtheirspeech.Whentheclockisticking,it’shardtosayeverythingyouwant,____18____.It’salsoimportanttobeelegant,heartfeltandtospeaklikeyouaretalkingtoafriend.Youmayexpectanactortobeagoodspeakerandabletoperformonstageinfrontofanaudience.____19____，itcanbemoreawkward.WhenJapan’sNaomiOsakawonthisyear’sAustralianOpenfinal,shesaid，“Sorry，publicspeakingisn’tmystrongpointsoIhopeIcangetthroughthis……IreadnotesbeforethisbutIstillforgotwhatImeanttosay.”____20____.It’simportanttomakenotesthatremindyoutothankpeople,saysomewordsofwisdom，andwinovertheaudience.Butifyou’vegotnothingtosay，acceptyourawardthankfullyandthengetoffstagebeforethemusicstartsplayingagain—justremembertosay‘thankyou’！A.PreparationiskeyB.Wordscan’texpresseverythingC.Butforothers,suchassportspeopleD.ButifyouareoneoftheluckywinnersE.Soit’simportanttogetthewordsrightF.FinishingaspeechquicklymakesyouapopularpersonG.Thusit’simportanttoconveyyourmessageseffectively【答案】16.D17.E18.G19.C20.A【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。介绍了几个做公共演讲时值得参考的小建议。【16题详解】前文“It’spoliteofyoutosaythankyouwhenyouaregivensomething,andthisisparticularlyimportantwhenyoureceiveanawardataceremony.(当你得到某样东西时说谢谢是有礼貌的，这在你在典礼上接受奖励时尤为重要)”说明得到东西说“谢谢”是重要的，从后文“‘thankyou’isjustthestartofthemostimportantacceptancespeechofyourlife.（“谢谢你”只是你人生中最重要的获奖感言的开始。）”说明表达“谢谢”只是一个开始，空格处承上启下，分析句子可知，应是一个从句，这里说的是“是你的一个开始”，D项中的“youareoneoftheluckywinners”符合，“如果你是一幸运的获胜者之一，“谢谢你”只是你人生中最重要的获奖感言的开始。”与上文是转折关系。所以选项D（但如果你是幸运的赢家之一）切合文意。故选D。【17题详解】根据上文“Speechesareusedasaplatformtomakeapoliticalstatementorjusttoraisesomeone’sprofile(形象)”（演讲被用作一个平台来发表政治声明或只是为了提高某人的形象）可知，说的话正确是重要的，E项中的“togetthewordsright”一致，上下文是因果关系。所以选项E（所以说的话正确是重要的）切合文意。故选E。【18题详解】前半句“Whentheclockisticking,it’shardtosayeverythingyouwant”（时间一分一秒地过去，你很难说出你想要的一切）说明你很难说完你想说的一切，因此推断下面应该是有效的表达很重要。G项中的“it’simportanttoconveyyourmessageseffectively”符合句意，上下文是因果关系。所以选项G（因此，有效地传达你的信息很重要）切合文意。故选G。【19题详解】前文“Youmayexpectanactortobeagoodspeakerandabletoperformonstageinfrontofanaudience.”（你可能期望一个演员是一个很好的演讲者，能够在舞台上为观众当面表演。）说到你可能觉得演员能很流利的演讲，后文“WhenJapan’sNaomiOsakawonthisyear’sAustralianOpenfinal，shesaid，“Sorry，publicspeakingisn’tmystrongpointsoIhopeIcangetthroughthis……IreadnotesbeforethisbutIstillforgotwhatImeanttosay.””（当日本选手大阪直美赢得今年的澳网决赛时，她说:“对不起，演讲不是我的强项，所以我希望我能通过这个考试......我看了之前的笔记，但我还是忘了我要说的是什么。”）讲到一个叫做NaomiOsaka的日本网球运动员获奖时在台上语塞的例子，C项中的“sportspeople”与例子相符，从而可以推断，对于运动员，可能会更尴尬。与上文的演员形成对比。所以选项C（但对其他人来说，比如运动人士）切合文意。故选C。【20题详解】后文“It’simportanttomakenotesthatremindyoutothankpeople，saysomewordsofwisdom，andwinovertheaudience.（重要的是要做笔记来提醒你要感谢别人，说一些有智慧的话，并赢得观众的青睐。）”提到makenotes是很重要的，从而推断前文为提前准备很关键。所以选项A（准备很关键）切合文意。故选A。第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenAmandaMoorenoticedthatthenewstudentfromMexicoalwayssataloneatlunch,shedecidedtobefriendRafaelAnaya.Shealsonoticedthathe____21____tounderstandEnglish.ThensheusedtheGoogleTranslateapptohand-writealetterinSpanishaskinghimto____22____herforlunch.Heraction____23____herthe“StudentoftheMonth”awardforOctoberatschool.Actually,Rafaelalways____24____becausehefeltsolonely.“HealwaysatelunchaloneandIfelt____25____aboutthat，”Amandasaid.SheknewhespokeSpanishandheseemedlonely.Shespentthewholeafternoon____26____writingtheletter,usingtheapptohelpher.ThenextdayAmandahandedthelettertoRafaelandwaitedforhis____27____.Itwasn’tuntiltheirmathclassthathesaid“yes”.Thetwohadbeen____28____togetherforluncheversince.TheletterhelpedRafaelfeelmorecomfortableandencouragedhimto____29____hisEnglishharder.“IthinkforRafaelitmadeahuge____30____，”saidtheirteacher.“HereallywantstolearnEnglishtotalktoAmanda.ThetwousedhandgesturesandGoogleTranslatefor____31____nowbuttheyhopeditwouldbecome____32____whenRafael'sEnglishimproved.And,Amandawaslearningsome____33____.Amanda’smotherfelt____34____movedbyherdaughter’saction.“Itisjustsosweet，”shesaid.Ithinkthis____35____isspecial.”21.A.appeared B.happened C.struggled D.managed22.A.prepare B.join C.leave D.pay23.A.saved B.cost C.earned D.proved24.A.wept B.listened C.chatted D.laughed25.A.bad B.curious C.glad D.doubtful26.A.painfully B.hurriedly C.carefully D.correctly27.A.arrival B.comment C.appreciation D.reply28.A.sitting B.waiting C.working D.singing29.A.putupwith B.workon C.showoff D.lookforwardto30.A.popularity B.difference C.choice D.plan31.A.competition B.typing C.travel D.communication32.A.easier B.quicker C.simpler D.harder33.A.English B.psychology C.math D.Spanish34.A.widely B.deeply C.gently D.wisely35.A.discussion B.suffering C.friendship D.donation【答案】21.C22.B23.C24.A25.A26.C27.D28.A29.B30.B31.D32.A33.D34.B35.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了来自墨西哥的RafaelAnaya不懂英语总是一个人孤独地吃午饭，AmandaMoore发现后使用谷歌翻译软件用西班牙语写了一封信邀请他一起吃午餐，后来他们建立了特别的友情。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她还注意到他努力地去理解英语。A.appeared出现；B.happened发生；C.struggled奋斗，努力；D.managed完成，应付。根据“sheusedtheGoogleTranslateapptohand-writealetterinSpanish（AmandaMoore使用谷歌翻译软件用西班牙语写了一封信）”可知，RafaelAnaya不懂英语，因此她要很努力地去理解英语，struggletodo：努力做某事。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，她使用谷歌翻译软件用西班牙语手写了一封信，要求他和她一起吃午餐。A.prepare准备；B.join参加；C.leave离开；D.pay支付。根据“WhenAmandaMoorenoticedthatthenewstudentfromMexicoalwayssataloneatlunch（当AmandaMoore注意到来自墨西哥的这名新生总是独自一人吃午餐时）”可知，AmandaMoore是想要和他“一起”吃午餐，“joinherforlunch”可以表达这个意思。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的行动使她获得了10月份的“优秀学生”奖。A.saved节省；B.cost花费；C.earned挣得，赢得；D.proved证实。根据第1题的分析可知，AmandaMoore看到RafaelAnaya因为不懂英语而一个人吃饭便开始关心他，和他一起吃饭使他不再那么孤单，因此她的做法是值得赞扬的，因此而“赢得”奖励。故选C项。24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：实际上，Rafael总是哭泣因为他感到很孤独。A.wept哭泣；B.listened听；C.chatted聊天；D.laughed笑。根据“becausehefeltsolonely（因为他感到如此孤独）”可知，他的心情是不好的，因此wept可以表达这种感情色彩。故选A项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Amanda说，“他总是一个人吃午饭，对此我感到很不舒服”。A.bad不好的，令人不快的；B.curious好奇的；C.glad高兴的；D.doubtful怀疑的。根据“Healwaysatelunchalone.（他总是独自吃午饭）”可知，因为RafaelAnaya不懂英语而一个人吃饭，因此Amanda心中的感觉应该是不舒适的。故选A项。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她整个下午都在认真地写这封信，并使用翻译软件帮助她。A.painfully痛苦地；B.hurriedly仓促地，匆忙地；C.carefully仔细地，认真地；D.correctly正确地。根据“spentthewholeafternoon（她花了整整一个下午）”可知，她写信写的是很认真的。故选C项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天Amanda将信交给Rafael等待他的答复。A.arrival到达；B.comment评论；C.appreciation感激；D.reply回复。根据“tohand-writealetterinSpanishaskinghimtojoinherforlunch（要求他和她一起吃午饭）”可知，Amanda把信给Rafael后要等待答复。故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，两人一直坐在一起吃午饭。A.sitting坐；B.waiting等待；C.working工作；D.singing歌唱。根据“yes”可知，Rafael同意和Amanda一起吃饭，因此他们两个人从此吃饭时便坐在了一起。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这封信使Rafael感到更加自在，并鼓励他更加努力地致力于英语的学习。A.putupwith忍受；B.workon致力于，从事于；C.showoff炫耀；D.lookforwardto期待。根据“morecomfortable”可知，Rafael对Amanda的做法感到很舒适，Amanda能够用西班牙语给他写信，因此这促使Rafael有了学习英语的信心。故选B项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的老师说：“我认为对于Rafael来说，这带来了巨大的改变”。A.popularity受欢迎，普及，流行；B.difference不同；C.choice选择；D.plan规划。根据第9题的分析可知，Rafael有了学习英语的信心，也不再一个人吃午饭了，因此Amanda的做法对Rafael的生活产生了影响，makeadifference：有作用，有影响。故选B项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这两个人现在使用手势和谷歌翻译软件进行交流，但他们希望当Rafael的英语水平提高时，交流会变得更容易一些。A.competition竞赛，竞争；B.typing打字；C.travel旅行；D.communication交流。根据“handgesturesandGoogleTranslate（手势和谷歌翻译）”可知，他们使用这些的目的是为了沟通和交流。故选D项。32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这两个人现在使用手势和谷歌翻译软件进行交流，但他们希望当Rafael的英语水平提高时，交流会变得更容易一些。A.easier更容易的；B.quicker更快的；C.simpler更简单的；D.harder更难的。根据“whenRafael’sEnglishimproved（当Rafael的英语水平提高时）”可知，如Rafael的英语水平提高时，他们的沟通就会容易一些。故选A项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：而且Amanda学到了一些西班牙语。A.English英语；B.psychology心理学；C.math数学；D.Spanish西班牙语。根据11题的分析可知，他们使用手势和GoogleTranslate进行交流，Rafael是说西班牙语的，他和Amanda学习英语，那么自然而然Amanda也跟他学习一些西班牙语。故选D项。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Amanda的母亲对女儿的举动深感动容。A.widely宽广地；B.deeply深深地；C.gently轻轻地；D.wisely聪明地。根据“Itisjustsosweet.（真是太美好了。）”可知，他们使用手势和GoogleTranslate进行交流，Rafael是说西班牙语的，Amanda的妈妈认为女儿的做法很好，妈妈都深受感动。故选B项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为这种友谊很特别。A.discussion讨论；B.suffering痛苦；C.friendship友谊；D.donation捐赠。由前文的分析可知，Amanda帮助Rafael走出困境，因此二人会建立一份友谊。故选C项。第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Todayafterwork,asIwasdrivinghome,Irealizedmybrakewasn’tworking.Istartedtopanicandmanagedtopullover，____36____(luck)withoutcrashingintoanythingoranyone.AsIwasstrugglingtofigureoutwhattodo,____37____middle-agedblackmanknockedonmycarwindowandaskedme____38____Ineededhelp.Irolleddownthewindowandexplainedtohimwhathadhappened.After____39____(check)mycar,hesaiditcouldbethatIranoutofthebrakeliquidbecausethathadhappened____40____hisdaughter’scar.Ithankedhimforhishelp.Thismanlatercamebackwithabottleofbrakeliquid.Notonlydidhegoandbuyitwithhisownmoney,healso____41____(help)meopenupthehood(引擎盖）andputtheliquidin.Thenhekneltdownonthewetgroundtoinspectthebrakesealintherain.Iofferedtopayforthebrakeliquid,butherefused____42____(take)mymoney.Ireachedouttoshakehishands,which____43____(cover)withgrease(润滑油）frommycar.Iwasso____44____(thank)tohimandIwouldneverforgethis____45____(kind).【答案】36.luckily37.a38.if/whether39.checking40.to41.helped42.totake43.werecovered44.thankful45.kindness【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了“我”的车因为没有制动液而导致刹车失灵，一个中年黑人为“我”购买了制动液并加入车中，为此“我”心中充满了感激。【36题详解】考查副词。句意：我开始慌张，设法停下车来，幸运的是没有撞到任何东西和任何人。使用副词作状语修饰“withoutcrashingintoanythingoranyone”这个结果，故填luckily。【37题详解】考查冠词。句意：当我在努力寻找解决方法时，一个中年黑人敲了敲我的车窗，问我是否需要帮助。此处表示泛指意义，需要使用不定冠词，middle-aged是以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。【38题详解】考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：当我在努力寻找解决方法时，一个中年黑人敲了敲我的车窗，问我是否需要帮助。分析句子结构可知，此处需要填入引导宾语从句的连词，结合句意的需要，中年黑人敲车窗是为了问“我”是否需要帮助，故填if/whether。【39题详解】考查动名词。句意：他查看了我的车后说，可能是我的车没有制动液了，因为这种情况发生在了他女儿的车上。介词after后接动名词作宾语，故填checking。【40题详解】考查固定短语。句意：他查看了我的车后说，可能是我的车没有制动液了，因为这种情况发生在了他女儿的车上。固定短语（sth）happento（sb）：某事发生在某人身上，故填to。【41题详解】考查时态。句意：他不仅用自己的钱去买了制动液，而且还帮助我打开引擎盖将制动液加入车中，本文叙述的事情是发生在过去的，应使用一般过去时，故填helped。【42题详解】考查固定短语。句意：我支付制动液的费用，但他拒绝接受我的钱。固定短语refusetodo：拒绝做某事，故填totake。【43题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：我伸手与他握手，他的手上沾满了我的汽车上的润滑油。分析句子结构可知，逗号后面是which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词hands在从句中作主语，它承受cover的动作，且动作发生在过去，谓语动词使用一般过去时的被动语态，故填werecovered。【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：我非常感谢他，我永远不会忘记他的善良。thank的形容词在was后面作表语，“我”要感谢这位男子，故填thankful。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：我非常感谢他，我永远不会忘记他的善良。此处应使用kind的名词作forget的宾语，表示“善良”