北京市海淀区一零一中学高一下学期分班考试英语试题（解析版）

北京市一零一中学2021-2022学年高一分班考试英语试卷英语考生须知:1.本考试卷共11分，共三大局部，三道大题，总分值120分，考试时间90分钟。2.请在试卷，答题纸和机读卡上认真填涂姓名和准考证号。3.第1-59题答案一律涂在机读卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第三局部作答在答题纸上。4.第三局部书面表达试题必须用黑色钢笔或签字笔在答题纸上按要求作答。5.考试结束，将试卷，答题纸和机读卡分开交回。第一局部，英语知识运用〔共两节，满48分〕第一节单项填空〔共18小题；每题1分，共18分〕从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。1.Thisisn’t________purse.Ileft________athome.A.my;mine B.me;my C.I;mine D.mine;my【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查代词。句意：这不是我的钱包，我的落在家里了。第一个空后有名词要使用形容词性物主代词，第二个空后没有名词，要使用名词性物主代词。应选择A项。2.Youlooktirednow.You________stayathomeandhavearest.A.feellike B.hadbetter C.wouldliketo D.wouldrather【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：你现在看起来很累。你最好呆在家里休息一下。A.feellike想要；B.hadbetter最好；C.wouldliketo愿意，想要做；D.wouldrather宁愿。根据上文“Youlooktirednow.〞可知看起来很累，所以最好呆在家里休息，应用hadbetterdosth.。应选B。3.________theboyistolearntotalk!A.Howslow B.Howslowly C.Whataslow D.Whataslowly【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查感慨句。句意：这男孩学说话真慢！此处感慨表语slow，应用how，构成“How+形容词+主语+谓语！〞句型。应选A。4.________peopleattendedthemeetinglastnight.A.Ahundredof B.Hundred C.Hundredsof D.Hundreds【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查短语。句意：昨天晚上，成百上千的人参加了会议。短语hundredsof意为成百上千。结合句意，应选择C项。5.Hewishedthetwinstobedoctors,but________ofthemlikedtostudymedicine.A.both B.Neither C.either D.none【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查不定代词。句意：他希望双胞胎能当医生，但是她们两个都不喜欢学医。分析句意可知，前后是转折关系，后边说的是两者都不，要用neither，应选择B项。6.—Wouldyouliketogoswimmingwithmethisafternoon?—I’dloveto.ButI’mafraidI________.Ihavetoomuchworktodo.A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.maynot【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——今天下午你想和我一起去游泳吗？——我很乐意。但我恐怕不能去。我有太多的工作要做。A.can’t不能；B.mustn’t禁止；C.needn’t不必；D.maynot可能不会，也许不。根据后文“Ihavetoomuchworktodo.〞可知表示因为工作太多不能去游泳，应用can’t。应选A。7.ThedoctorlookedoverPetercarefullywhenhe________tothehospital.A.takes B.istaken C.took D.wastaken【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查被动语态。句意：当彼得被送到医院时，医生给他进行了仔细的检查。分析句意可知，从句中的主语he指代的是上文中的Peter，可知Peter是被送到医院的，要使用被动语态，而主句使用一般过去时，从句保持一致，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。应选择D项。8.----Howisyourlifeinthecountryside?---ItisbutsometimesIfeelabit.A.interesting;boring B.interesting;boredC.interested;bored D.interested;boring【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意；你的乡村生活怎么样？我的乡村生活很有趣，不过有些时候我觉得有点无聊。interesting：令人感兴趣的；interested：感到有趣的。boring：令人厌烦的；bored：感到厌烦。两类形容词的区别：后缀为ing类的形容词用来形容物，后缀为ed类的形容词用来形容人。结合题干，应选B。9.PaulisstudyingChineseand________ishisdreamtoworkinChina.A.it B.this C.that D.there【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查it用法。句意：保罗正在学习中文，他的梦想是在中国工作。此处为不定式为真正主语，it作形式主语结构。应选A。10.Somestudentsgotoschool________bikeeveryday.A.with B.by C.on D.at【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查介词短语。句意：一些学生每天骑自行车上学。短语bybike意为骑自行车，by表方式+交通工具，应选择B项。11.Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit________tomorrow.A.willrain B.rains C.israined D.rained【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：足球比赛因为大雨将会推迟。在if引导的条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。应选B。12.Putonyourcoat,________youwillcatchacold.A.so B.but C.and D.or【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查连词。句意：穿上外套，不然你会感冒的。固定句式，祈使句+or+陈述句〔一般将来时〕，or意为否那么，不然，结合句意，应选择D项。13They________classeswhentheearthquakehappened.A.had B.wouldhave C.werehaving D.arehaving【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：地震发生时他们正在上课。根据后文“whentheearthquakehappened〞可知表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。应选C。14.Shehasdecided________asavolunteerteacherinasmallvillagebecausesheenjoys________challenges.A.towork,tomeet B.towork,meetingC.working,meeting D.working,tomeet【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她已经决定去做一名小村庄的的志愿者教师，因为她喜欢送接挑战。短语decidetodosth.意为决定做某事，不定式作宾语，enjoydoingsth.意为喜欢做某事，动名词作宾语，应选择B项。15.We’vebeenfriends________wecametothisschoolayearago.A.when B.for C.before D.since【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：我们自来到这所学校那一年起就成为了朋友。根据句意可知，主句we'vebeenfriends为现在完成时，即表述的是从过去到现在的动作，故时间状语用since“自……起〞引导。应选D。16.Ibelieveinhim.Heistheonlyperson________canhelpmeoutoftrouble.A.which B.who C.whose D./【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我相信他。他是唯一能帮我走出困难的人。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是person，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。应选B。17.________thereisabicyclepathneartheriver,itisdangeroustorideabikeathighspeedthere.A.Because B.If C.Once D.Although【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查状语从句。句意：虽然河边有一条自行车道，但在那里高速骑自行车是危险的。A.Because因为；B.If如果；C.Once一旦；D.Although虽然。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然〞应用although。应选D。18.Hardlybelieveheisonly14yearsold.Heis________hisfather.A.astallas B.muchtallthanC.moretallerthan D.astalleras【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查原级比拟。句意：很难相信他才14岁就和他父亲一样高了。表示“与……一样〞应用as…as…结构，中间应用形容词原级；B选项中much修饰形容词比拟级；C选项中taller为比拟级形式，前面不需要more；D选项中tall应用原级。应选A。第二节完形填空〔共20小题；每题分，共30分〕从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。CharlotteWhiteheadwasborninEnglandin1843,andmovedtoMontreal,Canadaattheageoffivewithherfamily.While____19____herilleldersisterthroughouttheyears,Charlottediscoveredshehada(n)____20____inmedicine.At18shemarriedand____21____afamily.Severalyearslater,Charlotte____23____,Canadianmedicalschoolsdidnot____24____womenstudentsatthetime.Therefore,CharlottewenttotheUnitedStatestostudy____25____attheWomen'sMedicalCollegeinPhiladelphia.Ittookherfiveyearsto____26____hermedicaldegree.Upongraduation,Charlotte____27____toMontrealandsetupaprivate____28____.Threeyearslater,shemovedtoWinnipeg,Manitoba,andthereshewasonceagaina____29____doctor.Manyofherpatientswerefromthenearbytimberandrailwaycamps.Charlotte____30____herselfoperatingondamagedlimbs(肢体ButCharlottehadbeenpractisingwithoutalicence(执照).Shehad____32____adoctor’slicenceinbothMontrealandWinnipeg,butwas____33____.TheManitobaCollegeofPhysiciansandSurgeons,anall-maleboard,wantedherto____34____herstudiesataCanadianmedicalcollege!Charlotterefusedto____35____herpatientstospendtimestudyingwhatshealreadyknew.Soin1887,sheappealedtotheManitobaLegislateto____36____alicencetoherbutthey,too,refused.Charlotte____37____opractisewithoutalicenceuntil1912.Shediedfouryearslaterattheageof73.In1993,77yearsafterher____38____,amedicallicencewasissued(颁发)toCharlotte.ThisdecisionwasmadebyManitobaLegislaturetohonour“thiscourageousandpioneeringwoman〞.19.A.raising B.teaching C.nursing D.missing20.A.habit B.interest C.opinion D.voice21.A.invented B.chose C.offered D.started22.A.doctor B.musician C.lawyer D.physicist23.A.Besides B.Unfortunately C.Naturally D.Finally24.A.hire B.exercise C.trust D.accept25.A.history B.physics C.medicine D.law26.A.improve B.save C.draw D.earn27.A.returned B.escaped C.spread D.walked28.A.school B.museum C.clinic D.lab29.A.busy B.rich C.generous D.lucky30.A.helped B.found C.troubled D.imagined31.A.harmful B.tired C.broken D.weak32.A.putaway B.takenover C.turnedin D.appliedfor33.A.punished B.refused C.blamed D.fired34.A.prepare B.change C.learn D.finish35.A.leave B.offer C.test D.save36.A.sell B.donate C.issue D.show37.A.continued B.promised C.pretended D.dreamed38.A.birth B.death C.wedding D.graduation【答案】19.C20.B21.D22.A23.B24.D25.C26.D27.A28.C29.A30.B31.C32.D33.B34.D35.A36.C37.A38.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。理想是人类奋斗的阶梯，文章讲述的是立志成为医生的CharlotteWhitehead虽然经历了很多困难，但她仍然坚持自己的理想并为之努力奋斗的故事。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在照顾生病的姐姐的这些年里，Charlotte发现自己对医学很感兴趣。提高，养育；教导；护理；思念，错过。由后面的“herilleldersister〞可知，Charlotte多年护理自己体弱多病的姐姐。应选C。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.habit习惯；B.interest兴趣；C.opinion观点；D.voice声音。由后文可知，Charlotte在结婚后到美国的医学院去学习医学，所以她应该是发现自己对医学感兴趣。应选B。21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她18岁的时候结婚成家了。A.invented创造；B.chose选择；C.offered提供；D.started开始。根据后文“Herhusbandsupportedherdecision.〞可知，Charlotte18岁成家了；startafamily意为“成家〞，固定搭配。应选D。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几年后，夏洛特说她想成为一名医生。A.doctor医生；B.musician音乐家；C.lawyer律师；D.physicist物理学家。由后文“Ittookherfiveyearsto8hermedicaldegree.〞可知，Charlotte在结婚后到美国的医学院去学习医学，后来她成为了一名医生，所以她想成为一名医生。应选A。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，加拿大的医学院当时并不招收女学生。A.Besides此外；B.Unfortunately不幸地是；C.Naturally自然地；D.Finally最后。由“Canadianmedicalschooldidnot…〞可知，加拿大的医学校不招收女学生，所以此处用unfortunately。应选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，加拿大的医学院当时并不招收女学生。A.hire雇佣；锻炼；C.trust信任；D.accept接受。由下文的“…CharlottewenttotheUnitedStatesto…〞可知，加拿大的学校不收女学生。应选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，Charlotte前往美国费城的女子医学院学习医学。A.history历史；B.physics物理；C.medicine医学；D.law法律。根据后文“hermedicaldegree〞可知，Charlotte是学医学，应选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她花了五年时间获得了医学学位。A.improve提高；B.save救，节省；C.draw绘画；D.earn赚得，获得。由空后“hermedicaldegree.〞可知，获得学位需用动词earn。应选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一毕业后，Charlotte回到蒙特利尔开办了一个私人诊所。A.returned返回；B.escaped逃跑；C.spread传播，蔓延；D.walked行走。由前文可知，Charlotte是离开加拿大去美国学习医学，五年之后应该是回到加拿大，应选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.school学校；博物馆；C.clinic诊所；D.lab实验室。根据文章和后文“Manyofherpatients〞可知，Charlotte学习医学想成为一名医生，所以此处应是开办诊所。应选C。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：三年后，她搬到了马尼托巴省的温尼伯，在那里，她再次成为了一名忙碌的医生。A.busy繁忙的，忙碌的；富有的；C.generous大方的；D.lucky幸运的。由下文的“Manyofherpatients…Charlotte…inadditiontodeliveringallthebabiesinthearea.〞可知，Charlotte要做的工作很多，是一个忙碌的医生。应选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：夏洛特发现自己除了接生该地区所有的婴儿外，还要为受伤的四肢做手术，安置骨折的骨头。A.helped帮助；B.found发现；C.troubled惹麻烦；D.imagined想象。此处是findoneselfdoing的用法，意为“发现自己不知不觉在做某事〞。根据语境可知，Charlotte发现自己在不知不觉中给受伤的四肢做手术，接好断了的骨骼，还有给这个地区所有的婴儿接生。应选B。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.harmful有害的；B.tired疲惫的；C.broken坏掉的；D.weak虚弱的。由前文的“…operatingondamagedlimbs〞可知，此处应是broken意为“破碎的，坏掉的〞。应选C。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她曾在蒙特利尔和温尼伯两地申请医生执照，但都被拒绝了。A.putaway放好，抛弃；B.takenover接管，接收；C.turnedin上交；D.appliedfor申请。由前一句可知，Charlotte没有执照，所以她要申请一个医生执照。应选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她曾在蒙特利尔和温尼伯两地申请医生执照，但都被拒绝了。A.punished惩罚；B.refused拒绝；C.blamed责备；D.fired解雇，起火。由下文的“…butthey,too,refused.〞可知，Charlotte被拒绝了。应选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：马尼托巴省的外科医生学院希望Charlotte在加拿大完成学业。A.prepare准备；B.change改变；C.learn学习；D.finish完成。结合语境和后文“herstudiesataCanadianmedicalcollege!〞可知，此处表示希望Charlotte在加拿大完成学业。应选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Charlotte拒绝离开她的病人，花时间研究她已经知道的东西。A.leave离开；B.offer提供；C.test测试，检测；D.save拯救。根据上下文可知，theManitobaCollegeofPhysiciansandSurgeons希望Charlotte在加拿大完成学业，但是Charlotte不愿离开她的的患者把时间花在自己已经知道的东西上面。应选A。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在1887年，她出现在马尼托巴省的立法机关要求颁发许可证给她，但他们也拒绝了。A.sell卖；B.donate捐献；C.issue颁发，发给；D.show展示。根据前文可知，Charlotte不愿离开她的的患者去完成学业，所以她要求theManitobaLegislature给她发一个证书。应选C。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Charlotte没有医生执照，但她一直工作到1912年。A.continued继续；B.promised许诺，承诺；C.pretended假装；D.dreamed梦想。根据后面的“until1912〞可知，她一直在继续自己的工作。应选A。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：1993年，在她去世77年后，Charlotte获得了行医执照。A.birth出生；B.death死亡，去世；C.wedding婚礼；D.graduation毕业。有文章倒数第二段最后一句可知，Charlotte死于1916年，所以1993年是她去世77年后，所以此处用death。应选B。第二局部阅读理解第一节阅读短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中，选择最正确选项。〔A〕Therearemanyinternationalorganizationswhichworktosaveandprotectendangeredanimalsandnaturalenvironment.Ifyouwouldlikemoreinformationaboutanyoftheorganizationslistedbelow,youcanwritetotheaddressesgiven.FriendoftheEarth(FOE)campaignsonarangeofproblemsincludingrainforests,thecountryside,waterandairpollutionandenergy.FriendsoftheEarthInternationalSecretariatP.O.Box19199AmsterdamTheNetherlandsGreenpeaceusespeacefulbutdirectactiontoprotecttheenvironment.Itcampaignstoprotectrainforestsandseaanimals,stopglobalwarmingandendpollutionofair,landandseas.Italsoopposesnuclearpower.GreenpeaceInternationalKeizergracht1761016DWAmsterdamTheNetherlandsBirdLifeInternationalisanorganizationwhichworkstosaveendangeredbirdsallovertheworld.BirdLifeInternationalWellbrookCourtGirtonRoadEnglandWWF—WorldWideFundForNatureistheWorld’slargestprivateinternationalorganizationfortheconservationofnatureandendangeredspecies.InformationOfficerWWFInternationalAvenveduMont-Blanc1196GlandSwitzerland39.Ifyouwanttolearnmoreabouttheorganizations,youcan________.A.callthem B.writethemaletterC.visitthem D.sendthemane-mail40.BirdlifeInternationalaimingto________.A.reducepollution B.protectrainforestsC.protectoceananimals D.saveendangeredbirds41.Ifyoudisagreetonuclearpower,youcanjoin________.A.FriendsoftheEarth B.WorldWideFundForNatureC.Greenpeace D.BirdLifeInternational42.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.EnvironmentalProtectionOrganizations B.GlobalTrafficProblemsC.EndangeredAnimals D.NaturalBeauty【答案】39.B40.D41.C42.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要向大家介绍了几个环境保护组织，以及每个组织的效劳宗旨和它们的通信地址。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Ifyouwouldlikemoreinformationaboutanyoftheorganizationslistedbelow,youcanwritetotheaddressesgiven.(如果你想了解更多关于下面列出的组织的信息，你可以写信给下面的地址)〞可知，如果你想了解更多信息可以写信给他们，应选B。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据第BirdLifeInternational局部中“BirdLifeInternationalisanorganizationwhichworkstosaveendangeredbirdsallovertheworld.(国际鸟盟是一个致力于在全世界拯救濒危鸟类的组织)〞可知，这是一个努力挽救全世界濒危鸟类的组织。应选D。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据Greenpeace局部中“Italsoopposesnuclearpower.(它还反对核能)〞可知，该组织反对使用核能。应选C。【42题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Therearemanyinternationalorganizationswhichworktosaveandprotectendangeredanimalsandnaturalenvironment.Ifyouwouldlikemoreinformationaboutanyoftheorganizationslistedbelow,youcanwritetotheaddressesgiven.(有许多国际组织致力于拯救和保护濒危动物和自然环境。如果你想了解更多关于下面列出组织的信息，你可以写信给下面的地址)〞结合文章主要向大家介绍了几个环境保护组织，以及每个组织的效劳宗旨和它们的通信地址。可知，A选项“环境保护组织〞最符合文章标题。应选A。(B)At10:00amonFriday,May25,2001,ErikWeihenmayersummitedMountEverest,theworld'shighestmountain.The33-year-oldmanandhisteamhadbeenonthemountainforthetwomonths,climbingupanddownbetweentheBaseCampat17,600feetandCamps1and3higheruphighthemountain.Thisclimbinghelpedthemgetusedtothehighaltitude.Italsogavethemtimetocarrysupplies,suchastents,andpreciousoxygentankstothehighercamps.AfterafinalclimbtoCamp4at26,000feet,Erik'steamhadtowaittwoweeksthroughhowlingstormsbeforetryingtoreachthesummitat29,035feet.Erikistough,though,andhecoulddealwiththewait.ErikWeihenmayerisalsoblind.HeisthefirstblindpersontoreachEverest'ssummit.Erikwasbornwithadiseasethatcausesblindness,andbyage13,hehadcompletelylosthissight.Eriklearnedtotreathisblindnessasanadventure.Thepainandsufferingthatclimbersexperienceathighaltitudesisincredible.Lackofoxygencausesthelungstostrainandcanmakethebrainswell.Climberscanlosetrackofrealityandmaywanderoffthesideofthemountainortakeofftheiroxygentankswithoutrealizingit.Thecold,harshconditionstakeaterribletollonclimbers'bodies.OneadvantageErikhasoversightedclimbersisthatheisnotaffectedbysnowblindness.Causedbytheglareofsunonsnow,thismakesclimbingmoredifficultforthosewhoareusedtobeingabletosee.Despiteallofthis,Eriklovesclimbing.Heenjoystheteamworkandthebondingbetweenclimbers.HisfellowclimberssaythatdescribingwhattheyseetoErikmakesthemappreciatethesightsmore.TheyrespecthisabilitiesandconsiderErikanequalmemberoftheirteam.Erik'seventualgoalistobethefirstblindpersontoclimbthehighestpeakoneachofthesevencontinents.Althoughhetakeshisroleasaspokespersonfortheblindseriously,hedoesn'tclimbjusttoprovethatblindpeoplecandoit.ErikWeihenmayerclimbsbecauseitconnectshimwithwhoheisandmakeshimfeelalive.43.Theunderlinedword“summited〞inthefirstsentencemeans________.A.camego B.tookpictureofC.caughtsightof D.reachedthetopof44.Whichofthefollowingconclusionsisthebestsupportedbythispassage?A.Mountainclimbingisdifficultanddangerous.B.Blindpeoplecandoanythingthatsightedpeoplecando.C.Thepainandsufferingthatclimbersexperienceathighaltitudesiswellknow.D.EricWeihenmayerregardedhisblindnessasamisfortune.45.ThemosthelpfulqualitytoEricinclimbinghigh,difficultmountainsis________.A.hisacceptanceofhisblindness B.hismentaltoughnessC.hisnotbeingaffectedbysnowblindness D.hisdesiretoenjoylife46.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.Beingablindman,ErikhastomoveslowlythanmostclimbersB.Erik’steammatesdonotfeelthatheputsthematgreaterriskC.Beingaspokespersonfortheblind,Erikdoesn’tcontinuehiscareerofclimbingmountainsD.Erik’steammatesrespecthisabilitiesandconsiderhimthebestclimberoftheirteam47.Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthepassage?A.MountainclimbersmustbeabletoendurealotofpainB.HowEricbecameanexcellentmountainclimber.C.ErikWeihenmayer,thoughblind,isanexcellentmountainclimber.D.ErikWeihenmayereventuallydidn’trealizehisambitiousgoal.【答案】43.D44.A45.C46.D47.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了盲人ErikWeihenmayer在2001年5月25日星期五上午10点，登上了世界最顶峰——珠穆朗玛峰。描述了他们在攀登过程中遇到的困难，Erik和队友的关系以及Erik对登山的看法。【43题详解】词句猜想题。根据第二段中“HeisthefirstblindpersontoreachEverest'ssummit.(他是第一个登上珠穆朗玛峰峰顶的盲人)〞以及画线词后文“MountEverest,theworld'shighestmountain〞可知，ErikWeihenmayer登上了世界最顶峰珠穆朗玛峰的山顶。故画线词意思是“到达山顶〞。应选D。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Thepainandsufferingthatclimbersexperienceathighaltitudesisincredible.Lackofoxygencausesthelungstostrainandcanmakethebrainswell.Climberscanlosetrackofrealityandmaywanderoffthesideofthemountainortakeofftheiroxygentankswithoutrealizingit.Thecold,harshconditionstakeaterribletollonclimbers'bodies.(登山者在高海拔地区所经历的痛苦是难以置信的。缺氧会导致肺部劳损，并使大脑膨胀。登山者可能会失去对现实的把握，可能会在山的一侧徘徊，或者在没有意识到的情况下卸下氧气罐。寒冷、恶劣的环境对登山者的身体造成了极大的伤害)〞可推知，这篇文章最支持“登山既困难又危险〞的观点。应选A。【45题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“OneadvantageErikhasoversightedclimbersisthatheisnotaffectedbysnowblindness.Causedbytheglareofsunonsnow,thismakesclimbingmoredifficultforthosewhoareusedtobeingabletosee.(埃里克作为登山者的一个优点是他不会受到雪盲症的影响。这是由于阳光照射在雪地上造成的，对于那些习惯了能够看到东西的人来说，这使得攀登变得更加困难)〞可知，在攀登高难度山峰时，对埃里克最有帮助的是他没有受到雪盲症的影响。应选C。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Despiteallofthis,Eriklovesclimbing.Heenjoystheteamworkandthebondingbetweenclimbers.HisfellowclimberssaythatdescribingwhattheyseetoErikmakesthemappreciatethesightsmore.TheyrespecthisabilitiesandconsiderErikanequalmemberoftheirteam.(尽管如此，埃里克还是热爱攀岩。他喜欢团队合作和登山者之间的亲密关系。他的登山同伴们说，向埃里克描述他们所看到的使他们更加欣赏风景。他们尊重埃里克的能力，并把他视为团队中平等的一员)〞可知，埃里克的队友们尊重他的能力，认为他是队里最好的登山者。应选D。【47题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Erik'seventualgoalistobethefirstblindpersontoclimbthehighestpeakoneachofthesevencontinents.Althoughhetakeshisroleasaspokespersonfortheblindseriously,hedoesn'tclimbjusttoprovethatblindpeoplecandoit.ErikWeihenmayerclimbsbecauseitconnectshimwithwhoheisandmakeshimfeelalive.(埃里克的最终目标是成为第一个登上七大洲最顶峰的盲人。虽然他很认真地对待自己作为盲人代言人的角色，但他攀登并不仅仅是为了证明盲人也能攀登。埃里克·维亨迈尔爬上去是因为它将他与自己联系起来，让他觉得自己还活着)〞结合文章主要讲述了盲人ErikWeihenmayer在2001年5月25日星期五上午10点，登上了世界最顶峰——珠穆朗玛峰。描述了他们在攀登过程中遇到的困难，Erik和队友的关系以及Erik对登山的看法。可知，这篇文章的中心思想是埃里克·维亨迈尔虽然失明，却是一位优秀的登山者。应选C。(C)TailSpinTwodolphinsracearoundinabigpoolintheOceanParkGracelosthertailasababywhenshegotcaughtupinafishtrap.WhenthedolphinarrivedattheOceanParkinDecember2005,Overthepastsixyears,shehaslearnedtoswimwithouthertail.Dolphinsswimbymovingtheirflukesandpeduncleupanddown.Gracetaughtherselftomoveanotherway—likeafish!Shepushesherselfforwardthroughthewaterbymovingherpedunclefromsidetoside.ThemovementsputharmfulpressureonGrace'sbackbone.Soacompanyofferedtocreateaman-madetailforher.ThetailhadtobestrongenoughtostayonGraceassheswambutsoftenoughthatitwouldn'thurther.ThefirsttimeGraceworetheartificialtail,shesoonshookitoffandletitsinktothebottomofthepool.Now,sheisstilllearningtousethetail.Somedaysshewearsitforanhouratatime,othersnotatall.“Thenewtailisn'tnecessaryforhertofeelcomfortable,〞saysStone,“butitkeepstokeepthatrangeofmotionandbuildmuscles.〞Now,thedolphinisabouttogetanevenhappierending.Thismonth,GracewillstarinDolphinTale,afilmthatfocusesonherrescueandrecovery.Herprogresshasinspiredmorethanjustanewmovie.Manypeopletravelfromnearandfartomeether.SeeingGraceswimwithherman-madetailgivespeoplesomuchcourage.48.WhenGracefirstarrivedattheOceanA.ifshecouldbestrong B.ifshehadspecialabilityC.ifshecouldlive D.ifshewouldliketoliveinthepark49.Aman-madetailiscreatedforGraceto________.A.letherrecoverdreams B.makehercomfortableC.treasurewhattheyhave D.facedifficultiesbravely50.ThestoryofGraceinspirespeopleto________.A.sticktotheirdream B.treatanimalfriendlyCtreasurewhattheyhave D.facedifficultiesbravely【答案】48.C49.B50.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。通过讲述海洋公园的小海豚Grace尽管没有尾巴，却能克服困难，用另外一种方式游泳，并且还要拍电影?海豚的故事?以鼓励人们要勇敢地面对困难。【48题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“WhenthedolphinarrivedattheOceanParkinDecember2005,shewasfightingforherlife.“Isshegoingtomakeit?〞Hertrainer,AbbeyStone,fearedtheworst.(2005年12月，当这只海豚抵达海洋公园时，她正在与生命作斗争。“她能活下来吗？〞她的教练AbbeyStone担忧会发生最坏的情况)〞可知，当格蕾丝第一次来到海洋公园时，她的教练担忧她是否能活下来。应选C。【49题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“ThemovementsputharmfulpressureonGrace'sbackbone.Soacompanyofferedtocreateaman-madetailforher.(这些动作对格蕾丝的脊椎造成了有害的压力。因此，一家公司提出为她制作一个人造尾巴)〞可知，为了让格蕾丝感到舒适，设计师为她设计了一条人造尾巴。应选B。【50题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Herprogresshasinspiredmorethanjustanewmovie.Manypeopletravelfromnearandfartomeether.SeeingGraceswimwithherman-madetailgivespeoplesomuchcourage.(她的进步不仅激发了一部新电影的灵感。许多人从四面八方赶来见她。看到格蕾丝用人造尾巴游泳给了人们很大的勇气)〞可知，格蕾丝的故事鼓励人们勇敢地面对困难。应选D。(D)DearDavid,I’mgladyouwouldliketoshareyourfeelingswithme.It’shardlysurprisingthatyourfeelingsofnotbeing“grownup〞havecomeonstronglyatthispointinyourlife,justbeforeyou’reabouttobecomeafather.Youareasking:willImakeagoodfather?HowwillIcope?ShouldIhavebroughtanotherlittlepersonintotheworld?CanIprovideforit?Heeelp!Ithinknearlyeverysensitiveabout-to-be-parentmusthavetheseoccasionalfeelingsofself-doubtandinadequacy(不适)beforethebirthanditwouldbemostunusualifyoudidn’tsharethem.It’sdifficult,honestly,tofeelgrown-upunlessyouhavesomethinglessgrown-uptorelateto.Ahen-pecked(惧内的)bossmayfeellikeaseven-year-oldwhenhe’sathome.Butashewalksthroughtheofficedoor,andknowshe’sgoingtobesurroundedbystafflookingtohimforadvice,hegrowsintoafullymature(成熟的)man.AndIthinkit’samistaketoimaginethatweallfeel,asweage,akindofprogressionofstates,fromthebabytotheadult.Mostpeoplefeel,onTuesday,aboutthreeyearsold,andonaWednesday,around80.Irememberfeelingverygrown-upateight,atimewhenIwasweigheddownwithresponsibility.Thesedays,mucholder,Ican,inthecompanyofpeopleIfeelateasewith,feellikeayounggirl.There’sacommonremarkthat“allmenarelittleboys〞,butit’snottrue.It’smoretruethatmenoftenbehavelikelittleboys.Butnearlyallpeople,atsomemomentsintheirlives,arecapableofgreatmaturity.Onceyourbabyarrives,you’llsoonfeellesschildlike,orrather,lessoften.Whenyourchildtriestoputitsfingersintotheelectricplug,theadultinyouwillriseuptopreventit.You’llseeyouhaveverylittleincommonwithaneedychild,particularlyifit’slookingtoyouforcomfortandsupport.Comfortyourself,David,withtwotruths.Oneisthatyourfriendslaughwhentheytalkaboutthissubjectbecausethey,likeyou,feelfrightened.Andrememberthatpeoplewhohaven’tgrownupdon’tgoaroundtalkingaboutthefactthattheydon’tfeelgrown-up.Hopemyadvicewillbehelpfulandgoodlucktoyouandyourlittleone.SincerelyYours,MissAdvice51.Accordingtothepassage,MissAdvicethinksDavid’sself-doubt______.A.valuable B.naturalC.unusual D.bearable52.FromParagraph2,wecanlearnthatpeople’ssenseofmaturity______.A.willincreasewithageB.isobviouslyseenathomeC.changeswithdifferentsituationsD.becomesstrongerwithfamiliarpeople53.MissAdviceholdsthat______.A.allmenbehavelikelittleboysB.peopletendtolaughatthesubjectC.menwithababyfeelmoregrown-upD.peopleenjoytalkingabouttheirimmaturity54.MissAdvicewrotetheletterto______.AteachpeoplehowtogrowupB.offersuggestionstoafuturefatherC.encouragepeopletoberesponsibleD.solveproblemsofthelessgrown-up【答案】51.B52.C53.C54.B【解析】【分析】这篇文章是Missadvice写给David的信。David要做爸爸了，但是却疑心自己不成熟可能不能胜任做爸爸的角色，Missadvice在信中做了解释，也给David提供了建议。【51题详解】细节理解题。从信的第一段的句子“Ithinknearlyeverymanmusthavetheoccasionalfeelingsofself-doubtandinadequacybeforethebirth．〔我认为几乎每个男人在孩子出生前都会偶尔有自我疑心和自我缺乏的感觉〕〞可知MissAdvice认为David的自我疑心是很正常的，应选B。【52题详解】细节理解题。从第二段的句子“AndIthinkit’samistaketoimaginethatweallfeel,asweage,akindofprogressofstates,fromthebabytotheadult．〔我认为，想象我们随着年龄的增长——从婴儿到成人——都会感觉到一种状态的进步是错误的〕〞可知，人们的成熟感是随着不同的情况而改变的，应选C。【53题详解】细节理解题。从第三段的句子“Onceyourbabyarrives,you’llsoonfeellesschildlike．〔一旦你的孩子出生了，你很快就会感觉不那么孩子气〕〞可知，Missadvice认为有孩子的男人更成熟，应选C。【54题详解】写作意图题。从文章的内容和第一段的句子“Youareasking:WillImakeagoodfather?HowwillIcope?〔你在问：我会成为一个好父亲吗？我将如何应对？〕〞可推知，Missadvice写这封信是给一个未来的爸爸提供建议的，应选B。(E)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。〔如果选择E,请在机读卡上填涂AB;如果选择F,请在机读卡上填涂AC;如果选择G,请在机读卡上填涂AD〕ForgivenessToforgiveisavirtue,butnoonehaseversaiditiseasy.Whensomeonehasdeeplyhurtyou,itcanbeextremelydifficulttoletgoofyourhate.However,forgivenessispossible,anditcanbesurprisinglybeneficialtoyourphysicalandmentalhealth.Peoplewhoforgiveshowlesssadness,angerandstressandmorehopefulness,accordingtoarecentresearch.___55___Trythefollowingsteps：Calmyourself.___56___Youcantakeacoupleofbreathsandthinkofsomethingthatgivesyoupleasure:abeautifulsceneinnature,orsomeoneyoulove.Don’twaitforanapology.Manytimesthepersonwhohurtyoudoesnotintendtoapologize.Theymayhavewantedtohurtyouortheyjustdon’tseethingsthesameway.___57___Keepinmindthatforgivenessdoesnotnecessarilymeanbecomingfriendsagainwiththepersonwhoupsetyou.Takethecontrolawayfromyouroffender(冒犯者).Rethinkingaboutyourhurtgivespowertothepersonwhocausedyoupain.Insteadoffocusingonyourwoundedfeelings,learntolookforthelove,beautyandkindnessaroundyou.___58___Ifyouunderstandyouroffender,youmayrealizethatheorshewasactingoutofunawareness,fear,andevenlove.Youmaywanttowritealettertoyourselffromyouroffender’spointofview.Don’tforgettoforgiveyourself.___59___Butitcanrobyouofyourself­confidenceifyoudon’tdoit.A.Whyshouldyouforgive?B.Howshouldyoustarttoforgive?C.Recognizethebenefitsofforgiveness.D.Trytoseethingsfromyouroffender’sangle.E.Forsomepeople,forgivingthemselvesisthebiggestchallenge.F.Tomak