高考总复习英语外研通用版教师用书选修6MODULE6WARANDPEACE

1．rescuev． 营救，拯救n. 救助2．viewn. 观点3．worthwhileadj. 值得做的，有价值的，有用的4．despiteprep. 不管，不顾5．operationn．行动→operatevi.操作；动手术6．survivorn．幸存者→survivev．幸存下来，幸免于难→survivaln．幸存，幸存事物7．occupyv．占领→occupationn．占有，占领；职业8．abandonv．放弃，抛弃→abandonedadj.被放弃的，被遗弃的9．statesmann．政治家→statevt.陈述→statementn．正式声明10．shockedadj.(感到)震惊的，惊骇的→shockvt.使大吃一惊→shockingadj.使人震惊的，骇人的11．couragen．勇气，胆量→encouragevt.鼓舞，鼓励→encouragementn．鼓励→encouragingadj.令人鼓舞的；振奋人心的12．disagreementn．争论，矛盾，意见不合→disagreevt.&vi.不一致，不符合；意见相左→agreevt.&vi.一致；赞同(反义词)→agreementn．一致，赞成，同意13．drownv. 淹死，使溺死14．eventuallyadv. 最后，最终15．woundv. 使受伤16．overlookv. 俯视，往下看17．condemnv. 责难；谴责18．nationalityn. 国籍19．senselessadj. 无意义的，欠思考的20．campaignn. 作战行动，军事行动21．chaosn. 混乱，无秩序22．sacrificen. 牺牲23．messn. 混乱的局面v. 弄乱，弄脏24．confidentialadj. 机密的，秘密的25．invadev. 入侵，侵略26．surrenderv. 投降27．strategyn. 策略，战略28．personneln. 全体人员[用所给词的适当形式填空]1．Onewintermorningwecameuponanabandonedpuppyonthestreet.Iwonderedwhoitwasthatabandonedsuchacutepuppy.(abandon)2．Inthematch，allmyclassmatesencouragedmetotryhard，andtheirencouragementgavememoreconfidenceandcourage．Atlast，Igotanencouragingresult.(courage)3．Hisoccupationisteaching，andhistimeisfullyoccupiedbyhisstudents.Healwaysthinksaboutthework，andhowtoteachthestudentswelloccupieshismind.(occupy)4．Wewereshockedattheshockingnewsthathediedyesterday.(shock)5．Itisnecessarythatwemastersomebasicskills,whichwillgreatlyincreaseourchancesofsurvival.Luckily,IsurvivedtheterriblecarcrashlastweekandIwastheonlysurvivoroftheaccident.(survive)1．declare__war__on 向……宣战2．make__a__breakthrough 取得重大突破(进展)3．pick__up 停下来让某人搭车(船等)；救起；学 会4．to__one’s__astonishment 令某人惊讶的是5．drink__to 为……干杯6．draw__attention__to 引起注意7．be__involved__in 被卷入；陷入8．in__view/sight 在视野中[选用上面的短语填空]1．Ifyouare__involved__inanaccident，youarerequiredtoremainatthesceneuntiltheofficerletsyougo.2．AftertheJapanesebombedPearlHarboronDecember7,1941,theU．S.declared__war__onJapanandGermany.3．To__my__astonishment，theyshouldhavefinishedthattaskinsuchashorttime.4．Atthecornerthebusstoppedandpicked__upthreepeople.5．Wehavemade__a__breakthroughinastronomysince2017;however，westillhavealongwaytogo.“看”之种种①overlookv． 俯视，往下看②watchv. 观看，注视③observev. 监视，观测④starev. 盯，凝视⑤glarev. 怒目而视⑥lookup 向上看en-前缀动词荟萃①encourage 鼓励②enlarge 放大③enrich 使丰富④ensure 确保⑤endanger 使遭到危险⑥enable 使能够“toone’s＋n.”大集合①toone’ssurprise 令某人吃惊的是②toone’sdelight/joy 令某人高兴的是③toone’sshock 令某人震惊的是④toone’ssorrow 令某人伤心的是⑤toone’sastonishment 令某人惊讶的是eq\a\vs4\al()1．before引导时间状语从句，意为“还没有来得及……就……”Theoperationwasextremelydangerousandmanysoldierswerekilledbeforetheyevengotofftheboats.2．形容词短语作伴随状语Thesurvivorslayonthebeach，exhaustedandshocked.3．from＋where引导的定语从句ThecemeteryandmemorialaresituatedonacliffoverlookingthebeachandtheEnglishChannel，fromwheretheboatsattemptedtheirlandings.[句式仿写]1．我还没来得及告诉他在哪儿等他，他就挂断了电话。Hehadhungupbefore__I__could__tell__him__where__to__wait__for__him．2．孩子们爬到了山顶，筋疲力尽。Thechildrenclimbeduptothetopofthemountain，tired__and__exhausted．3．我们站在山顶，从那里我们可以欣赏到整个城镇的风景。Westoodatthetopofthehill，from__wherewecanseethewholetown.abandonvt.抛弃；离弃；放弃；停止做(某事)n．放纵，放任；尽情[佳句背诵](2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Theseplanswereabandonedbecauseoffinancialproblems.因为经济方面的原因，这些计划被中止了。(北京卷)Peoplefindallsortsofexcusesforabandoningananimal.人们为遗弃动物找出各种借口。Neverabandonanoldfriend.Youwillneverfindonewhocantakehisplace.Friendshipislikewine,itgetsbetterasitgrowsolder.不要轻易放弃老朋友。因为你永远找不到能代替他的人。友情就像酒，越老越好。[考点对接]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Theydiscoveredsomevaluablegoodsintheabandoned(abandon)house.②Theyabandonedcarrying(carry)outtheplanbecauseofthebadweather.③Tohismother’sdisappointment,theboyabandonedhimselftoplaycomputergames.play→playingeq\a\vs4\al()(1)abandondoingsth. 放弃做某事abandononeselftodoingsth. 沉湎于做某事；放纵(感情)于做某事(2)withabandon 纵情；放任地(3)abandonedadj. 抛弃了的；废弃的；放纵的[能力提升]——句式升级(普通表达)HeabandonedhimselftotheInternetgamesanddidn’tpasstheexam.①(高级表达)Abandoning__himself__to__the__Internet__games，hedidn’tpasstheexam.(现在分词短语作状语)②(高级表达)Abandoned__to__the__Internet__games，hedidn’tpasstheexam.(过去分词短语作状语)occupyv．占领；占据；使从事，使忙碌；任职[佳句背诵]Duringthewar，Germanyoccupiedmanycountries，includingFrance.战争期间，德国占领了包括法国在内的许多国家。(朗文辞典)I’veinventedagamethatwillkeepthekidsoccupiedforhours.我发明了一种游戏，够孩子们玩上几个小时的。[考点对接]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Hewouldhaveattendedyourbirthdaypartybutheoccupiedhimselfwithaveryimportantexperiment.②Theoccupation(occupy)occupiedmostofhertime,thusleavingherleasttimeforherfamily.③Nowsheoccupiesanimportantpositioninacompany,occupyingwithallkindsofactivities.occupying→occupied(1)occupyoneselfwithsth./indoingsth. 从事于做某事，忙于做某事beoccupiedwithsth./indoingsth. 从事于做某事，忙于做某事(2)occupationn. 职业；占有eq\a\vs4\al()表示“忙于做某事”的短语：bebusywithsth./(in)doingsth.；beemployedwithsth./(in)doingsth.；beengagedinsth.[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级由于一整天都在做家务，所以她很累。①(普通表达)Shewas__occupied__in/occupied__herself__indoinghouseworkallday,soshewastiredout.②(高级表达)Occupied__in__doing__housework__all__day,__shewastiredout.(过去分词作状语)③(高级表达)Occupying__herself__in__doing__housework__all__day,__shewastiredout.(现在分词作状语)rescuev．救援；拯救；解救n．救援，营救[佳句背诵]Letthesoldiersrestforawhilebecausetheyhavebeenrescuingtheinjuredfortwelvehoursnonstop.让这些战士们休息一下吧，因为他们已经连续不断地营救伤员12个小时了。Itwasyouthatmadearescueintime,whichgaveusasecondlife.是你及时实施救援给了我们第二次生命。[考点对接]——单句语法填空/单句改错①(朗文辞典)Becauseofthebigflood,hundredsofpeoplearestillinthewater,waitingto__be__rescued(rescue)．②Threechildrenwererescuedfromtheburninghousebythebravefirefightersyesterday.③Thechildwhofellintotheriverwouldhavediediftheyoungmanhadn’tcometorescue.在rescue前加his/theeq\a\vs4\al()(1)rescuesb./sth.from... 从……拯救……(2)cometoone’s/therescue 救援[能力提升]——词汇升级(普通表达)Hediedtryingtosavehischildrenfromtheburningbuildingyesterday.①(高级表达)Hediedtryingtorescuehischildrenfromtheburningbuildingyesterday.②(高级表达)Hediedtryingtocome__to__his__children’s__rescuefromtheburningbuildingyesterday.despiteprep.不管，不顾；尽管[佳句背诵](江西卷)ItisunbelievablethatMr.Lucasleadsasimplelifedespitehisgreatwealth.难以置信的是Lucas先生尽管拥有巨大财富，但还是过着一种简朴的生活。[考点对接]——单句语法填空/单句改错①(2015·天津卷)Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks，noagreementhasbeenreachedsofarbythetwosides.②(福建卷)Inspiteofupsanddowns,shenevertakesherfatelyingdown.③(福建卷)Ourclubisopentoeveryoneregardlessforage,sexoreducationalbackground.for→of④ShewenttoSpaindespitethefactwhatherdoctorhadtoldhertorest.what→that(1)despite＝inspiteof 尽管……despite/inspiteofthefactthat... 尽管……(2)regardlessof 不管，不顾eq\a\vs4\al()despite(＝inspiteof)为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词作让步状语，不接从句(what从句除外)；而though,although或as是从属连词，引导让步状语从句。[能力提升]——一句多译尽管天气不好，飞机还是起飞了。①Although__the__weather__was__bad,__theplanetookoff.(although)②Theplanetookoffdespite/in__spite__of__the__bad__weather．(despite/inspiteof)③Theplanetookoffin__spite__of__the__fact__that__the__weather__was__bad．(inspiteofthefactthat)toone’sastonishment令某人惊讶的是[佳句背诵]Toourgreatastonishment/Muchtoourastonishment，sheacceptedthechallengingposition.使我们非常吃惊的是，她接受了这个具有挑战性的职位。[考点对接]——单句语法填空①Theastonishedlookonhisfacetoldusthathefeltastonishedtobeaskedsuchaquestion.(astonish)②(辽宁卷)Wewereastonishedto__find(find)thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.③Afterhearingthenews,shestaredatmeinastonishment(astonish)．(1)inastonishment 吃惊地(2)astonishv. 使吃惊astonishingadj. 令人惊讶的是astonishedadj. 感到惊讶的eq\a\vs4\al()当表示“使某人感到非常……的是”用toone’sgreat＋n.或muchtoone’s＋n.或muchtothe＋n.of...表示。[能力提升]——句式升级(普通表达)Theboyliftedthebigrockwithouteffortandthisastonishedme.①(高级表达)It__astonished__me__thattheboyliftedthebigrockwithouteffort.(it作形式主语)②(高级表达)What__made__me__astonished__most__was__thattheboyliftedthebigrockwithouteffort.(astonished和主语从句)③(高级表达)To__my__astonishment,__theboyliftedthebigrockwithouteffort.(astonishment)(教材佳句)Theoperationwasextremelydangerousandmanysoldierswerekilledbeforetheyevengotofftheboats.军事行动特别危险，许多士兵甚至还没来得及下船就被杀死了。句中before表示“还没来得及……就……”，引导时间状语从句。eq\a\vs4\al()[佳句背诵]Someonecalledmeupinthemiddleofthenight,buthehungupbeforeIcouldanswerthephone.有人深更半夜给我打电话，但我还没来得及接就挂断了。(朗文辞典)Putthatmoneysomewheresafebeforeitgetsstolen.把钱放在安全的地方，以防被人偷去。[考点对接]——单句语法填空/单句改错①(2015·天津卷)Weneedtogettotherootoftheproblembeforewecansolveit.②(陕西卷)Theyoungcouple,whoreturnedmylostwallet,leftbeforeIcouldaskfortheirnames.③(2015·重庆卷)Ifyoumissthischance,itmaybeyearssinceyougetanotherone.since→before④(2016·天津卷书面表达)Ithasbeentwoweekswhenyoucametoourschoolfortheexchangeprogram，whichhasbenefitedallofus.when→since(1)before作连词引导时间状语从句时，在句中的译法很灵活。通常有以下含义：在……之前；……之后才……；不多久就……(2)Itwas/willbefore...before... 多长时间后就/才……Itwillnotbe/wasnot＋时间段＋before... 不久就……eq\a\vs4\al()“Itbe＋一段时间＋since...”表示“自从……(到现在)有多长时间了”。since从句常用一般过去时，而主句常用一般现在时或现在完成时。[能力提升]——完成句子①过了好几分钟，我才理解他说的是什么。It__was__several__minutes__beforeItookinwhathewassaying.②(北京卷)很抱歉让你等了这么久，但布莱恩还要一段时间才能来。I’msorryyou’vebeenwaitingsolong,butit’ll__still__be__some__time__beforeBriangetsback.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)单句语法填空1．Whenweclimbedtothetopofthemountain,wehadagoodviewofthevillage.2．(2018·天津一中月考)Occupying(occupy)himselfinlookingafterthechildren，hehadlittletimetofinishhisreport.3．Thereusedtobealotofpeopleinthevillage,butnowitbecomesanabandonedone.Becausemanyyoungpeoplechosetoabandontheirhometowntomakeafortune.(abandon)4．Howlongwillitbebeforethecomputercompanyputsforwardanewproduct?5．Afterthreedays，thepooryoungmanreturned，tiredanddepressed(depress)．6．(2018·江西九校联考)Tomyastonishment(astonish)，thereweresomanydifferencesaboutthewordbetweentheteachersaidandthedictionary.7．Despiteapplying(apply)forhundredsofjobs,heisstilloutofworknow.8．(江西卷)Thereareasmallnumberofpeopleinvolved(involve),possiblyasfewastwenty.9．Hissuccessencouragedusto__face(face)thedifficultyinthework.10．Ididn’tknowanybodyattheparty,butthehostessrescuedmefrombeingembarrassedbyintroducingmetosomepeople.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)单句改错1．Fortunately,thelittlegirlsurvivedfromtheair-crash,butunluckily,theothersontheflightwerekilled.去掉from2．It’sworthwhiletakethetroubletoremindchildrentorespectothers.在take前加to或take→taking3．Helosthiswalletonthewaytopickuphisdaughteryesterday.pick→picking4．Scientiststhinktheyarebeginningtomakebreakthroughinthefightagainstcancer.在make后加a5．Tosavethedrownedchild,theboyjumpedintotheicywaterwithouthesitation,regardlessofhisownsafety.drowned→drowningeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)单元语法(虚拟语气2)1．(2018·山西太原外国语学校月考)Thoughhisfacesuggestedthattherewas(be)nothingserious,thedoctorstillsuggestedhe(should)__stay(stay)inbedforafewdays.2．(2018·湖南三校联考)JackhasneverbeentoChina,buthetalksaboutitasifhehad__been(be)theremanytimes.3．(2018·河南百校联盟质检)Itishightimethatthegovernmentpaid(pay)attentiontothehousingproblemsoftheaveragepeople.4．Lookatthetroublewearein.Ifonlywehad__taken(take)ourteacher’sadvice!5．(2015·天津卷)IwishIhad__been(be)atmysister’sweddinglastTuesday,butIwasonabusinesstripinNewYorkthen.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材与语法填空根据教材课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheSecondWorldWar，1.whichlasteduntil1945，startedwhenBritaindeclaredwar2.onGermanyafterGermanyinvadedPoland.Themostimportantbattleofthewar3.inEuropewasOperationOverlord.TroopsfromtheUnitedStates，BritainandCanadatookpartintheD-Daylandings.Morethan5，000shipscrossedtheEnglishChannel，4.carrying(carry)130，000troopstotheFrenchcoast.Theoperationwas5.extremely(extreme)dangerousandmanysoldiers6.were__killed(kill)beforetheyevengotofftheboats.Andmany7.drowned(drown)inthedeepwaterbeforehelparrived.Americansoldiersattempted8.to__land(land)atthemostdangerousplace，9.known(know)asOmahaBeach.ThesituationatOmahaBeachwassobad10.thattheUSarmycommandersthoughtaboutabandoningtheinvasion.Eventually，thesoldiersmadeabreakthroughandtheD-Daylandingsweresuccessful.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)教材与话题写作(Ⅰ)用本单元所学知识完成下列句子。1．虽然人们希望和平，但是许多国家却被卷入现代战争。(despite；beinvolvedin)________________________________________________________________________答案：Despitethefactthatpeopleareeagerforpeace，manycountriesareinvolvedinthemodernwar.2．令我们震惊的是，有些国家不顾人们的安全而入侵其他国家，这给人类带来巨大的灾难。(toone’sastonishment；invade;regardlessof)________________________________________________________________________答案：Toourastonishment，somecountriesinvadeothercountriesregardlessofthesafetyofpeopleandthisbringsgreatdisastertomankind.3．在战争中，许多人牺牲或残疾了。人们谴责战争，这引起了国际关注。(sacrifice；condemn；drawattentionto)________________________________________________________________________答案：Inthewar，manypeoplesacrificeorarecondemnthewar，whichdrawsattentiontothewholeworld.4．所以我们应该放弃战争的念头，争取和平。因此我们献身于世界和平是值得的。(abandon；itisworthwhiletodo)________________________________________________________________________答案：Soallthecountriesshouldabandonthethoughtofwarandcallforisworthwhiletodevoteourselvestoworldpeace.(Ⅱ)将以上句子连成短文，要求衔接连贯、过渡自然。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)下面是李华的一篇作文，文中有五处错误，改正错误并背诵该文。Despitethefactthatpeopleareeagerforpeace，manycountriesareinvolvinginthemodernwar.Toourastonished，somecountriesinvadeothercountriesregardlessofthesafetyofpeople，thatbringsgreatdisastertomankind.Inthewar，manypeoplesacrificeoraredisabled.Peoplecondemnthewar，whichdrawattentiontothewholeworld.Soallthecountriesshouldabandonthethoughtofwarandcallforpeace.Thisisworthwhiletodevoteourselvestoworldpeace.答案：Despitethefactthatpeopleareeagerforpeace，manycountriesareeq\f(involving,involved)inthemodernwar.Tooureq\f(astonished,astonishment)，somecountriesinvadeothercountriesregardlessofthesafetyofpeople，eq\f(that,which)bringsgreatdisastertomankind.Inthewar，manypeoplesacrificeoraredisabled.Peoplecondemnthewar，whicheq\f(draw,draws)attentiontothewholeworld.Soallthecountriesshouldabandonthethoughtofwarandcallforpeace.eq\f(This,It)isworthwhiletodevoteourselvestoworldpeace.语言应用限时练eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)完形填空(2018·武汉武昌区调研)Itisnowthirty－fiveyearssinceI，asalittleboyofsix，wasleftquitealoneinthesentmeword__1__youwouldgivemeahomeandbeakindmothertohaveneverforgottenthedaywhenImadethelong__2__oftenmilestoyourhouseinNorthcanstillrecallmy__3__when，insteadofcomingformeyourself，yousentservantJamesto__4__me.Iwellremembermytearsand__5__as，seatedhighonyourhorseandattachedtighttoJames，Irodeofftomynew__6__beforewefinishedthejourney，andasitgrewdarkIbecamelonelyandafraid.“Doyouthinkshe’llgotobed__7__wegetthere？”IaskedJamesanxiously.“Oh，no，”hesaidencouragingly.“She’ll__8__forwegetoutofthesewoodsyou’llseehercandle__9__inthewindow.”__10__wedidrideoutintotheclearing，andthere，sureenough，wasyour__11__．Irememberyouwerewaitingatthedoor，thatyouputyourarmsclose__12__meandthatyouliftedme—atiredandconfusedlittleboy—__13__fromthehadafireburningonthehearth(炉边)，ahotsupper__14__onthesupperyoutookmetomynewroom，heardmesaymyprayers，andthensatbesidemeuntilIfellasleep.YouprobablyrealizewhyIam__15__alldaysoonGodwilltakeyoutoanewhome.Don’tfearthe__16__forthestrangejourney，orthedarkmessengerofdeathwhowillfetchcanbe__17__todoasmuchforyouasyouwerekindenoughtodoformesomanyyearsago，andyouwillbe__18__inGod’sshallwatchyouandprayforyoutillyouareoutofsight,__19__waitforthedaywhenIshallmakethesamejourneymyselfandfindyouwaitingattheendoftheroadto__20__me.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了作者对母亲的回忆。1． B．thatC．how D．whenB解析：分析句子结构可知，空处应用that引导同位语从句，对空前的word进行补充说明，that在从句中不作句子成分。2． B．tourC．ride D．adventureA解析：根据空后的“oftenmilestoyourhouse”可知，作者当时走了很长的路，journey“(尤指长途的)旅行，旅程”符合语境，且与下文的“beforewefinishedthejourney”呼应。3． B．excitementC．embarrassment D．amazementA解析：根据“insteadofcomingformeyourself，yousentservantJamesto______me”可推知，作者的母亲派仆人而不是亲自来接作者，这让作者感到失望。4． B．comfortC．contact D．accompanyA解析：参见上题解析。fetch“(去)拿来，(去)请来”。5． B．pleasureC．contentment D．anxietyD解析：结合空后的“seatedhighonyourhorseandattachedtighttoJames，Irodeofftomynewhome”可推知，作者当时感到紧张。6． B．droppedC．fell D．endedC解析：根据“andasitgrewdark”可推知，作者还没有到新家，天就黑了下来。7． B．beforeC．since D．whenB解析：结合“IaskedJamesanxiously”可推知，作者担心母亲在他们到达前就休息了。8．down B．standoutC．stayup D．comeoverC解析：根据上文的“Doyouthinkshe’llgotobed”以及James的否定回答可推知，母亲不会睡觉，等着作者。stayup表示“深夜不睡，熬夜”。9． B．standingC．fading D．shiningD解析：根据空前的“seehercandle”可推知，作者将会看到窗子里亮着的蜡烛。10． B．ShortlyC．Recently D．MeanwhileB解析：结合空后的“wedidrideoutintotheclearing”以及上文的“Whenwegetoutofthesewoodsyou’llseehercandle______inthewindow.”可知，不久后作者他们就穿过了树林。11． B．mindC．candle D．giftC解析：与上文的“Whenwegetoutofthesewoodsyou’llseehercandle______inthewindow.”呼应，作者他们穿过了森林，看到了蜡烛。12． B．inC．for D．aroundD解析：putone’sarmsaround，意为“搂住某人”，符合语境，故用介词around。13． B．upC．out D．awayA解析：根据“fromthehorse”可知，作者被母亲从马上抱了下来。14． B．waitingC．heating D．burningB解析：根据“Youhadafireburningonthehearth(炉边)”可推知，热气腾腾的晚餐已经就绪。15． B．informingC．reminding D．recallingD解析：根据全文内容可知，作者是在回忆，上文的“Icanstillrecall”也是提示。16． B．instructionC．evidence D．guidanceA解析：根据下文的“orthedarkmessengerofdeathwhowillfetchyou”可推知，此处表示召唤。17． B．provedC．trusted D．askedC解析：根据下文的“inGod’scare”可推知，上帝是可靠的，值得信赖的，与“asyouwerekindenoughtodoformesomanyyearsago”呼应。18． B．joyfulC．desperate D．safeD解析：结合空前的“Don’tfear”及下文的“inGod’scare”可推知，在上帝的关照下是安全的。19．rather B．incaseC．andthen D．letaloneC解析：根据语境可知，空处前后表示逻辑上的承接关系，故选C。20．pt B．greetC．approve D．botherB解析：根据语境可知，此处表示迎接，故选B。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)语法填空(2018·广西重点高中模拟)Inhumanhistory,manyancientandsplendidcivilizationswerebornanddied.Chinaistheonlycountryhumancivilization.ChinesecivilizationwasbornontheshoresoftheYellowRiver.AndtherichlandcivilizationbeganisHenanProvince.TheYellowRivergoesacross3.____________(center)Henan.ItisChina’smainnorth－to－southandeast－to－westartery(干线)．China’smostancienttribal(lead)，theYellowEmperorandtheYanEmperor,werebornhere.Eventoday,Chinesepeopleallovertheworldstill(proud)callthemselvesthedescendants(后裔)ofthesetwoemperors.Theriverholds6.____________unshakablepositionintheheartofeveryChinese,7.____________(respect)byeverygenerationandcalled“theMotherRiver”.Withintelligence,hardworkanddetermination,Chinesedescendantspursueco－existenceandcommonprosperityonthisland.The5，446－km－longYellowRiverbreaksthelastbarrierandflowsintothebroadplain,8.____________(form)thecradle(摇篮)ofChinesecivilization.Tillnow，theYellowRiver9.____________(raise)13dynasties’capitalLuoyang,8dynasties’capitalKaifengandthebiggesteconomiccenterin10.____________(it)area—Zhengzhou.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了黄河对早期黄河流域人类文明产生的深远影响。1．with解析：考查介词。中国是唯一一个拥有未被打断过的人类文明的国家。此处表示“有”，故填介词with。2．where解析：考查关系副词。这片孕育了中华文明的肥沃土地就位于河南省。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，故填where。3．central解析：考查词性转换。空处位于专有名词Henan前面，应填一个形容词作定语，表示“中心的”。故填center的形容词形式central。4．leaders解析：考查名词。中国最早的部落首领炎黄二帝诞生于此。根据句意可知，此处应填复数名词leaders“首领，领袖”。5．proudly解析：考查词性转换。空处修饰动词call，故用副词proudly。6．an解析：考查冠词。黄河在每一个中国人心中的地位都是不可动摇的。position“位置”是可数名词，此处表泛指，故填不定冠词；且空处位于发音以元音音素开头的单词前，故填an。7．respected解析：考查非谓语动词。黄河受每代人的尊敬，被称为“母亲河”。分析句子结构可知，respect与Theriver之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填respected。8．forming解析：考查非谓语动词。5446公里长的黄河冲破了最后的壁垒，流入广袤的平原之中，形成了中华文明的摇篮。分析句子结构可知，form与句子主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作结果状语。9．hasraised解析：考查动词的时态。黄河孕育了13朝古都洛阳，8朝古都开封以及其流域内最大的经济中心——郑州。由句中的时间状语可知，此处应用现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响。10．its解析：考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作定语，修饰area，此处应用形容词性物主代词，故填its。写作限时练eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)短文改错(2018·黄冈检测)Thisafternoon，IsawaninterestingthingwhileIwaswalkinghometoschool.Inoticedaschoolboywalkingi