福建省宁德市2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题

福建省宁德市2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题学校: 姓名： 班级： 考号： 一、阅读选择Onceuponatimetherelivedawisekingwhowantedtomarryoffhisfavoritedaughter.Hewonderedhowhecouldfindtherightperson.Thekinghadanidea.Hedecidedtoholdacompetitiontodecidewhichgentlemanwouldwinthisgreathonor.Thekingannouncedthatanyonewhowantedtomarrytheprincessmustreporttothepalace.Towinhisdaughter,amanmustfillupawholeroomwithalightthingveryquickly.Thefirstbravecompetitorarrivedatthepalace.HisnamewasPeter.Hebroughtbagsfulloffeathers.Withgreatconfidence,hestartedtofillthelargeroomwithfeathers,buttimeranoutandhefailed.Thenextday,anotheryoungmanwhosenamewasBobtriedtoquicklyfilltheroom,thistimewithbeautifulsilk.Timeranoutagain,andheleftthepalacedisappointed.Thecompetitionwentondayafterday.Hundredsofcompetitorshopedtopassthetestbutnoonesucceeded.Thekingbegantofeelhopeless.Wasn'tanyoneinthekingdomqualifiedtomarrythebeautifulprincess?Oneday,ayoungmancalledMikearrivedatthepalaceempty-handed.Thekingwonderedhowthismanplannedtowinthecompetition.Enteringtheroom,theyoungmanputoutthelights.Hereachedintohispocket,gotasmallcandleandlitit.Innotime,thelightfilledthewholeroom.Thekingwasveryhappybecausehehadfoundtheperfectmatchforhislovelydaughter.1．Whydidthekingholdthecompetition?A．Towinhisdaughter.B．Tofindasmartofficial.C．Tomarryoffhisdaughter.D．Tochooseanewwisekingafterhim.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“qualified”inParagraph4probablymean?A．Willing. B．Suitable.C．Clever. D．Honest.3．Whowonthecompetitionatlast?A．Peter. B．Bob.C．Mike.DC．Mike.Ifyouarehome-alone,orlivealone,andsomebodycomestothedoor,shoutout“Igotit”sothatitseemslikesomeoneelseistherewithyouandyouarenotalone.Butactuallybeforethat,therearelotsofpreventive（预防的）actionstotake.GiveyourapartmentasafetycheckIt’sagoodideatogiveyourapartmentaonce-overforsafetyconcerns—ideallybeforeyouevenmovein.Completethissafetychecklist.Cananyofyourvaluablesbeseenfromthestreet?Canyouseewho’satthedoorwithoutopeningit?Doyouhaveallyourmailheldatthepostofficewhenyoutravel?Haveallthelocksofyourdoorsbeenchangedsinceyoumovedin?BecomefriendswithyourneighborsIfyou’reshy,thenyou’dprobablypreferanythingelsetochattingwithneighbors.Butmakeanefforttobefriendly.Inonewayoranother,yourneighborswillbemorewillingtolendahandtoafriendthantheyaretohelpoutastrangerintimesoftrouble.BesmartaboutsparekeysThievesandotherillegaltypesknowexactlywheretocheckforsparekeys.Sodon’tthinkyou’rebeingcleverbyhidingtheminthemailbox,orunderneathacarpet.Instead,youhadbetterleavethemtoafriendortrustedneighbor.AlwayslockthedoorLockyourdoors,everysingletime.Evenifyou'rejustgoingtothegarbagedumpster（垃圾大铁桶）quickly,oronlysteppinginsidetocatchsomethingyouforgot.Itmayseemlikeoverkill—especiallyifyouliveinarelativelysafedistrict.Butitonlytakesthatonemomentforsomeonetostealin.4．Whydoestheauthoradviseyoutoshout“Igotit”inParagraph1?A．Toprotectyourself. B．Toanswerthedoor.C．Tocalloutloudly. D．Towelcometheguests.5．Whatistheauthor’sopinionaboutsparekeys?A．Hidesparekeysinthemailbox.B．Takeallthekeyswithyouifpossible.C．Leavethekeystosomeoneyoutrusted.D．Haveyourkeysreadyasyouleave.6．Whataretherightpreventiveactions?Neverchangethelocks.Closethedoorintime.Makefriendswithneighbors.Putsparekeysunderthecarpet.Keepvaluablesseenfromthestreet.Haveasafetycheckabouttheapartment.A.①②④ B.②③⑤C.③④⑥ D.②③⑥GeorgeWashingtonCarverhadagoal.Thiswastohelpsouthernfarmerswhoneededgoodcrops.Theyneededcropsthatdidn’thurtthesoil.CarverwenttoSimpsonCollegeinIowa,inwhichhestudiedforthreeyears.ThenhewenttoIowaState,wherehegottwodegrees.Thecollegeknewhewassmartandwantedhimtostay.Sohejoinedtheteam.Hewasputinchargeofahugegreenhouse.Therehegrewover20,000kindsoffungi（真菌）,whichmadehimfamous.Carverhadmanyjoboffers.ThomasEdisonoffered$175,000ayear.HenryFordtriedtohirehimtoo.JosephStalininvitedhimtotheSovietUniontohelpwithcotton.ButCarverrefusedalloffers.Instead,hetookajobatTuskegeeInstitute.ThiswasaschoolforAfricanAmericans.Carverwaspaidonly$1,000ayear.ButhewashappybecausehehadgoalstoreachandheknewhecouldreachthematTuskegee.CarverworkedatTuskegeefor47years.Heneveraskedforaraiseinpay.Andheneverreceivedone.HeworkedsohardthathediedinhisofficechaironJanuary4,1943.Carvercameupwithover300productsfrompeanuts（花生）,allofwhichcouldhavebeenpatented（申请专利）.Hecouldhavemademillions.Buthedidnotwantto.Hereiswhathesaid,“Mr.Creatordidnotchargetogrowthepeanut.Icannotacceptmoneyformyworkwithit.”Throughhisefforts,Carversetupafund,forhewantedresearchtocontinue.Hegavehislife’ssavingstoit,whichcameto$40,000.Onehonorcameafterhisdeath.Hisbirthplacewasmadeanationalshrine（圣地）.HowsurprisedthemodestCarvercouldhavebeen!7.OnejobofferwhichCarveracceptedwastoworkfor .

B．HenryFordDB．HenryFordD．TuskegeeInstituteC．JosephStalin8．HowmuchdidCarveroffertothefund？A．$1,000. B．$20,000.C．$40,000. D．$175,000.9．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesCarver?A．Selfless. B．Stubborn.C．Stupid. D．Reliable.10．What’sthemainideaofthetext?A．Carverpreferredworktomoney.B．Carverdevotedhiswholelifetoachievinghisgoals.C．Carverrefusedmanyjoboffersthatwouldmakehimrich.D．Somescientistswouldratherdogoodthanmakemuchmoney.二、七选五Sometimes,youdonotfinishdrinkingyourglassofwaterbeforeyougotobed.11.Buthaveyoueverwonderedifitisstillsafetodrink?“Ifyouhavecleanwaterinacleanglass,you’refinetodrinkitforadayortwo,”KelloggSchwabfromtheJohnsHopkinsUniversityWaterInstituteintheUStoldTime.12.That'sbecauseafterabout12hours,thecarbondioxide（二氧化碳）intheairreacts（反应）withthewaterinyourglass,slightlyloweringitspHlevel.Also,theremightbemoremicroorganisms（微生物）inyourwaterifyouleaveitoutovernight.Microorganismsgrowmorequicklyatroomtemperature.Thesemicroorganismscanstayonyourglass.13.Butaslongasyoucleanyourglassesveryoften,thiswillnotbeaproblem.IncountriesliketheUSandUK,peopleoftendrinkwaterdirectlyfromthetap（水龙头）.14.Mostexpertssaythattapwaterhasashelflifeofsixmonths,accordingtoZaneSatterfieldfromWestVirginiaUniversity,US.Aftersixmonths,thereislesschlorine（氯）inthewaterandbacteria（细菌）starttogrow.You’dbetternotdrinkthewaterotherwiseyoumaygetsick.15.Schwabsaidpeopleshouldbecarefulwiththem.Ifyouleaveabottleofwaterunderthesunorinacarforalongperiodoftime,theplasticproducesachemicalcalledBPA.Thischemicalcancauseheartdiseaseandcancer.A．Whataboutplasticwaterbottles?B．Theycanmakeyougetsickmoreeasily.C．Isitsafeforyoutodrinkthewaterlater?D．Butyoumayfindthatittastesstrange.E.Somepeopleprefertodrinkwaterfromrivers.F.Youmightwanttodrinkitthenextmorning.G.ThisisOK—however,tapwatercannotbestoredforalongtime.三、完形填空Whenyou’releavingforaninternationaltrip,apassportisthesinglemostimportantthingtodouble-check.Rememberingto16itwithyouisveryimportant.It'salsoimportantforyouto17aboutyourpassport.Afterall,it'syourone18togetoutofthecountry-andgetbackin.Passportsarepowerful,19notallareequal.Dependingonwhatpassportyou20 ,you'llneedavisa（签证）toenterdifferentcountries.Forexample,aU.S.passportisallyouneedto21Peru（秘鲁）.Ifyoudecideto22toBrazilwhileyou'rethere,you'llneedtoapplyfor（申请）a23 .ButaPeruvianpassportwouldletyou24theborder（国界）intoBrazilwithoutavisa.Naturally,somepassportswillgetyouintomore25visa-freethanothers.TheorganizationArtonCapitallistedeverycountry'spassportfrommost26leastpowerful,basedonhowmanycountriesitwouldgiveaccess（进入权）towithoutavisa.Nowadays,theUnitedArabEmiratesisrecognizedasthemost27passportintheworld.Itgetstheir28into177countrieswithoutavisa.Inthe29placeareFinland,Luxembourg,andSpainwhichallgiveaccessto169countries.TheUnitedStates,whichhas168visa-freecountriesonits30 、doesn'tcomeinuntilthethirdgroup.Countyourself31ifyoudon'trelyonanAfghanistanpassport32istheleastpowerful,onlylettingtheirpeopleinto34countrieswithoutavisa.Visaornot,makesureyou33theseairportmistakesthatcouldruinyourvacation.16．A．takeB．offerC．produceD．hang17．A．talkB．knowC．askD．think18．A．reasonB．chanceC．roadD．ticket19．A．andB．orC．soD．but20.A.showB.giveC.haveD.check21.A.giveupB.getintoC.joininD.careabout22.A.goB.leadC.turnD.refer23.A.bookB.visaC.noteD.passport24.A.reachB.closeC.guardD.cross25.A.citiesB.fieldsC.countriesD.rooms26.A.betweenB.forC.withD.to27.A.powerfulB.necessaryC.frequentD.interesting28.A.designersB.producersC.ownersD.workers29.A.firstB.secondC.thirdD.last30.A.surveyB.routeC.outlineD.list31.A.sadB.safeC.luckyD.foolish32.A.whoB.thatC.whenD.where33.A.avoidB.makeC.faceD.admit四、根据所给汉语意思完成句子完成句子34．ThelettersP.R.C． （代表）thePeople’sRepublicofChina.35．Theydonot （丧失信心）eveniftheyhavefailedseveraltimes.36．Thishabitishardtoform （目前）,butinthelongrun,itwilldoyougood.37.（结果），hedefeatedallthecompetitorsandwonthegame.38．LiHuaalways （梦想）becomingagreatscientistlikeTuYouyou.39．It’sknowntoallthatDiaoyuIslands （属于）China.五、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。Dinosaursdiedoutbecauseof40.unexpectedincident.Butwildlifetodaydisappearsoris41.dangerjustbecausehumansdoharmtoit.Forexample,tigers42.（hunt）forfurtomakecarpetssothattheycanonlyliveinsecurereserves;grasslandisdestroyedwithoutmercysothatduststormscomeintobeing,43.affectdistantcities.Lastyear,scientists44.（see）somemonkeysrubbingthemselveswithacertainkindofinsectstoprotectthemselvesfromfierce45.（mosquito）.Accordingtotheresultoftheinspection,theyfoundthattheinsectcontainsa46.(use)drug,solocalfarmerswereemployedtocatchtheinsects.Theendingwasthattheinsectsdisappeared47.(gradual)fromthewholezone.Weshouldappreciatethenaturalbalanceandpaymoreattentiontothe48.(important)ofwildlifeprotection.Notuntilwesucceedin49.(make)wildlifeliveinpeacecanwesmileinrelief.六、概要写作50.阅读短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。MostAmericanstakeprideininvitingguestswithopenarms.WhatshouldyoudoifanAmericanfriendhasinvitedyoutovisithisfamily?You'veneverbeentoanAmericanhomebefore,andyou'renotsurewhattodo.Shouldyoutakeagift?Whattimeshouldyouarriveorleave?Howlongshouldyoustay?Takeiteasy.I’lltellyouallaboutit.Thequestionofwhetherornottobringagiftoftenworriesguests.Givingyourhostagiftisnotjustasocialcustominsomecultures—it'sexpected.ButinAmericanculture,aguestdoesnothavetobringagift.Ofcourse,somepeopledobringasmallgiftfortheirhost.Propergiftsmightusuallybeflowers,candyor—ifthefamilyhassmallchildren—toys.Ifyouchoosenottobringagift,don'tworry.Noonewillevennotice.Plantoarriveontime,orcalltotellyourhostthatyouwillbelate.Whenyou'vefinishedthemeal,thehostmayinviteeveryonetomovetothelivingroomfordessertwithteaorcoffee.Afteranhourorso,it'sabouttimetoheadforthedoor.Americansusuallyliketoinviteguestsaheadoftime.Onlyveryclosefriendsvisitthehostunexpectedlywithoutbeinginvited.Thisisespeciallytrueiftheguestswanttostayforafewdays.Here'sonegoldenruleforhouseguests:shortstaysarebest.Evenrelativesdon’tusuallystayforseveralweeksatatime.Yourhostfamilywillappreciateourconsideration(体贴),andtheymayeveninviteyouback!七、提纲类作文51．假定你是宁德市新华中学的学生李华，本周六你班同学打算举行一次登山活动。请用英文给外教David写一封信，邀请他参加此次活动。具体内容如下：集合时间与地点：8:00,校门口；携带物品：食物、水、相机等；返回时间：下午两点；登山的益处：……。注意：1.词数100左右；可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearDavid,Yours,LiHua参考答案1．C2．B3．C【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了国王想要把自己的女儿嫁给一个合适的人，于是想出了一个办法。.细节理解题。根据第一段的Onceuponatimetherelivedawisekingwhowantedtomarryoffhisfavoritedaughter.Hewonderedhowhecouldfindtherightperson.Thekinghadanidea.Hedecidedtoholdacompetitiontodecidewhichgentlemanwouldwinthisgreathonor.可知，国王举行竞赛的目的是为了把女儿嫁出去。故选C。2．词义猜测题。根据上文语境可知，国王想为女儿找个合适的人，于是举行了竞赛，结果没有人成功，因此，可推知，此处是指国王在问：难道这个王国里没有人有资格娶这位美丽的公主吗？结合选项可知，qualfied意思是“有资格的，合格的"。故选B。.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，Mike用蜡烛点亮了整个房间，结合最后一段内容可知，Mike成功了。故选C。【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为①定义猜词②逻辑猜词③语法猜词④语境猜词⑤指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，本文中的第2小题是词义猜测题，该小题属于语境猜词。根据上文语境可知，国王想为女儿找个合适的人，于是举行了竞赛，结果没有人成功，因此，可推知，此处是指国王在问：难道这个王国里没有人有资格娶这位美丽的公主吗结合选项可知，qualified意思是“有资格的，合格的”。4．A5．C6．D【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如果你是一个人独居，为了安全，所要注意的事项（预防措施）。.推理判断题。根据第一段的Ifyouarehome-alone,orlivealone,andsomebodycomestothedoor,shoutout“Igotit”sothatitseemslikesomeoneelseistherewithyouandyouarenotalone.可知，进门前大声喊“我来了”是为了保护自己。故选A。.细节理解题。根据Besmartaboutsparekeys部分的Sodon'tthinkyou'rebeingcleverbyhidingtheminthemailbox,orunderneathacarpet.Instead,youhadbetterleavethemtoafriendortrustedneighbor.可知，备用钥匙要放在自己信任的人那里。故选C。.细节理解题。根据第一个小标题下的Cananyofyourvaluablesbeseenfromthestreet?Haveallthelocksofyourdoorsbeenchangedsinceyoumovedin?可知，在街上不能看至U你的贵重物品，搬进新地方要换所有的门锁；根据第二个小标题下的Inonewayoranother,yourneighborswillbemorewillingtolendahandtoafriendthantheyaretohelpoutastrangerintimesoftrouble.可知，要和你的邻居交朋友；根据第三个小标题下的Instead,youhadbetterleavethemtoafriendortrustedneighbor.可知，要把备用钥匙留给你信任的人；根据第四个小标题下的Lockyourdoors,everysingletime.可知，要及时锁门。故选D。.D.C.A10.B【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了乔治•华盛顿・卡弗的生平，以及他所做出的贡献。.细节理解题。根据第二段的ThomasEdisonoffered$175,000ayear.HenryFordtriedtohirehimtoo.JosephStalininvitedhimtotheSovietUniontohelpwithcotton.ButCarverrefusedalloffers.Instead,hetookajobatTuskegeeInstitute.可知，亨利•福特也想雇佣他。约瑟夫，斯大林(JosephStalin)邀请他去苏联帮忙搞棉花。但卡弗拒绝了所有的提议。相反，他在塔斯基吉学院(TuskegeeInstitute)找到了一份工作。故选D。.细节理解题。根据最后一段的Carversetupafund,forhewantedresearchtocontinue.Hegavehislife'ssavingstoit,whichcameto$40,000.可知，卡弗设立了一个基金，他把毕生的积蓄都投了进去，总共有4万美元。故选C。.推理判断题。根据第一段的GeorgeWashingtonCarverhadagoal.Thiswastohelpsouthernfarmerswhoneededgoodcrops.乔治•华盛顿，卡弗有一个目标。这是为了帮助需要好收成的南方农民。；第二段提到他拒绝了所有高薪，加入了年薪仅1000的TuskegeeInstitute；最后一段的Hegavehislife,ssavingstoit,whichcameto$40,000.他把毕生的积蓄都投了进去，总共有4万美元。可知，他是一个大公无私的人。故选A。.主旨大意题。文章介绍了Carver的一生都在致力于提高农民的收成这一目标，并为此付出了很多努力，拒绝了高薪，最后为了继续研究，还成立了基金，并把自己的积蓄全部投进去。由此可知，本文的最佳标题为“卡弗一生致力于实现他的目标”。故选B。11．F12．D13．B14．G15．A【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了隔夜剩余的杯子里的水，水龙头里的水和经长时暴晒的瓶装水是否能够再引用。.根据上文的Sometimes,youdonotfinishdrinkingyourglassofwaterbeforeyougotobed.有时，你没有喝完你的一杯水之前，你上床睡觉。和下文的Buthaveyoueverwonderedifitisstillsafetodrink?但是你有没有想过它是否仍然可以安全饮用？可知，选项F“你可能想第二天早上再喝。”与上下文衔接最好。故选F。.结合上文语境及下文的That,sbecauseafterabout12hours,thecarbondioxide（二氧化碳）intheairreacts（反应）withthewaterinyourglass,slightlyloweringitspHlevel.可知，杯子里的水在剩余长时间后，水会变质，故选项D“但是你可能会发现它尝起来很奇怪”最合下文语境。故选D。.根据上文Thesemicroorganismscanstayonyourglass.这些微生物可以留在你的玻璃上。可知，选项B“它们会让你更容易生病”与上文最衔接。故选B。.根据下文的Mostexpertssaythattapwaterhasashelflifeofsixmonths,accordingtoZaneSatterfieldfromWestVirginiaUniversity,US.美国西弗吉尼亚大学的赞恩•萨特菲尔德说，大多数专家认为自来水的保质期为6个月。可知，选项“这是可以的，但是，自来水不能长期储存。”与下文最衔接。故选G。15.本段主要介绍的是瓶装水存放在太阳底下或者车里很长一段时间，塑料就会产生一种叫做BPA的化学物质。这种化学物质会导致心脏病和癌症。由此可知，选项A“塑料水瓶呢？”是最佳主题句。故选A。16．A17．B18．D19．D20．C21．B22．A23．D24．D25．C26．D27．A28．C29．B30．D31．C32．B33．A【分析】这是一篇说明文。出国旅游应该带好护照，文章介绍了哪些签证可以去哪些国家。16.考查动词词义辨析。句意：记住把它带走是非常重要的。A.take拿，取；B.offer提供C.produce生产；D.hang悬挂。根据上文apassportisthesinglemostimportantthingtodouble-check.可知，带着护照非常重要。故选A。.考查动词词义辨析。句意：了解你的护照也很重要。A.talk谈论；B.know了解；C.ask要求；D.think想。根据下文语境可知，此处用know最合语境。故选B。.考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，这是你离开这个国家并回到国内的唯一一张票。A.reason原因；B.chance机会；C.road道路；D.ticket票，证明书。根据语境及常识可知，出过或归国需要护照，因此，护照可以说是唯一的通行票。故选D。.考查连词词义辨析。句意：护照很强大，但并不是所有的都一样。A.and和；B.or或者；C.so因此；D.but但是。根据下文Dependingonwhatpassportyou5,you'llneedavisa（签证）toenterdifferentcountries.可知，前后之间是转折关系。故选D。.考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据你的护照不同，你需要签证来进入不同的国家。A.show展示；B.give给；C.have有；D.check检查。根据句意可知，此处是指你所拥有的护照。故选C。.考查动词短语辨析。句意：例如，你进入秘鲁只需要一本美国护照。A.giveup放弃；B.getinto进入；C.joinin加入；D.careabout关心。根据语境可知，此处是指进入秘鲁。故选B。.考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你决定在你逗留期间去巴西，你需要申请一本护照。A.go去；B.lead领导；C.turn转动；D.refer涉及。根据句意可知，是去巴西。故选A。.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.book书；B.visa签证；C.note笔记；D.passport护照。根据下文Forexample,aU.S.passportisallyouneedto6Peru（秘鲁）.可知，是护照。故选D。.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是秘鲁护照可以让你在没有签证的情况下越过边境进入巴西。A.reach达到；B.close关闭；C.guard守卫；D.cross交叉。根据句意可知，从秘鲁去巴西用cross最合适。故选D。.考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，一些护照可以让你比其他国家免签进入更多的国家。A.cities城市；B.fields域；C.countries国家；D.rooms房间。根据上文ButaPeruvianpassportwouldletyou9theborder（国界）intoBrazilwithoutavisa.可知，进入更多的国家。故选C。.考查介词词义辨析。句意：阿顿资本组织（ArtonCapital）根据每个国家可以免签进入的国家数量，将每个国家的护照从最强大的国家到最不强大的国家都列了出来。from…to…从……到……，结合句意。故选D。.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如今，阿联酋被公认为世界上最强大的护照。A.powerful强大的；B.necessary必要的；C.frequent频繁的；D.interesting有趣的。结合上文语境，根据下文的Itgetstheir13into177countrieswithoutavisa.可知，阿联酋是最强大的护照。故选A。.考查名词词义辨析。句意：它让他们的主人无需签证就能进入177个国家。A.designers设计者；B.producers制造者；C.owners主人；D.workers工人。根据句意和上文语境可知，it是指签证，所以此处是指签证的主人。故选C。29．考查数词词义辨析。句意：排在第二位的是芬兰、卢森堡和西班牙，这三个国家共有169个成员国。A.first第一；B.second第二；C.third第三；D.last最后。根据上文Nowadays,theUnitedArabEmiratesisrecognizedasthemost12passportintheworld.Itgetstheir13 into177countrieswithoutavisa.可知，芬兰位于第二。故选B。30.考查名词词义辨析。句意：榜单上有168个免签国家的美国排在第三位。A.survey调查；B.route路线；C.outline概数；D.list清单。根据上文TheorganizationArtonCapitallistedeverycountry,spassportfrommost11leastpowerful,可知，是指清单。故选D。31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你不依靠阿富汗护照，那你就太幸运了。阿富汗护照是最没用的，它只允许阿富汗人在没有签证的情况下进入34个国家。A.sad伤心的；B.safe安全的；C.lucky幸运的；D.foolish愚蠢的。结合上文语境及下文的onlylettingtheirpeopleinto34countrieswithoutavisa可知，不选阿富汗护照是幸运的。故选C。32.考查连词词义辨析。句意同上。这是个定语从句，先行词Afghanistanpassport指物，用that引导。故选B。33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管有没有签证，确保你避免了这些可能毁了你假期的机场错误。A.avoid避免;B.make做;C.face面对;D.admit承认。根据上文Countyourself16ifyoudon,trelyonanAfghanistanpassport17istheleastpowerful,onlylettingtheirpeopleinto34countrieswithoutavisa.可知，是避免这些错误。故选A。standforloseheartat presentAsaresultdreams ofbelong to【分析】考查几个常用固定短语。34.考查固定短语。句意：字母P.R.C.代表中华人民共和国。根据汉语提示可知，此处用短语standfor,主语是Theletters,因此谓语用复数形式。故填standfor。35．考查固定短语。句意：即使已经失败多次，它们没有丧失信心。根据汉语提示可知，此处用固定短语loseheart,前面是donot,后用动词原形。故填loseheart。36．考查固定短语。句意：这种习惯目前很难形成，但是长远来说，将对你有好处。根据汉语提示可知，此处用固定短语atpresent。故填atpresent。37．考查固定短语。句意：结果,他战胜了所有竞赛者,赢得比赛。根据汉语提示可知,此处用固定短语asaresult，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Asaresult。38．考查固定短语。句意：李华总是梦想着成为像屠呦呦那样的伟大科学家。根据汉语提示可知，此处用固定短语，dreamof，主语是LiHua，谓语动单三形式，根据always可知，用一般现在时。故填dreamsof。39．考查固定短语。句意：众所周知，钓鱼岛属于中国。根据汉语提示可知，此处用固定短语belongto,根据句意可知，陈述的是事实，用一般现在时，主语是DiaoyuIslands，谓语用原形。故填belongto。40．an41．in42．arehunt43．which44．saw45．mosquitoes/mosquitos46．useful47．gradually48．importance49．making【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类对野生动物的伤害及动物对他们对我们的影响。.考查冠词。设空是修饰后面的名词，用冠词，根据unexpected可知，用冠词an。故填an。.考查介词。indanger是固定短语，意思是“处于危险中"。故填in。.考查语态。主语tigers与动词hunt之间是被动关系，用bedone形式，讲述的是客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态aredone。故填arehunted。43．考查定语从句。句意：草原被无情地破坏，以致沙尘暴产生，遥远的城市受到影响。这是个非限制性定语从句，关系词指代的是整个主句的内容，从句缺少主语，用which引导。故填which。.考查时态。根据时间状语lastyear可知，用一般过去式。故填saw。45．考查名词。句意：去年，科学家们发现一些猴子用某种昆虫摩擦身体来保护自己免受蚊子的叮咬。根据句意可知，此处的mosquito用复数形式。故填mosquitoes/mosquitos。.考查形容词。设空处所给词是名词，空后是名词drug,用形容词修饰，因此用use的形容词。故填useful。.考查副词。分析句式可知，设空处是修饰动词disappeared,用副词修饰动词。故填gradually。.考查名词。根据空前的the和空后的of可知，此处符合结构the加名词加of结构，故填importance。.考查非谓语动词。succeedindoingsth成功的做了某事，这是个固定用法。故填making