初三英语被动语态知识精讲北师大版

初三英语被动语态知识精讲北师大版【同步教育信息】.本周教学内容：被动语态.本周教学重点：.总结常用8个时态的被动语态.主动语态与被动语态的转换.特殊情况.具体内容（一）被动语态的构成：被动语态的句子一般是以“be+过去分词”的形式来表达。如果要特别强调动作的执行者，在句子后加“by…”.Sheisoftenseengoingshopping.ThepowderwasinventedbytheChinese.Thisworkwillbedonetomorrow.Thisfactoryisbeingconstructed.TheteachingbuildingwasbeingbuiltwhenIbegantoworkasateacherhere.Thisworkhasbeenfinished.Theairlinehadbeencalledoffwhenhearrivedattheairport.Thebookwillhavebeenpublishedbynextmonth.（二）主动语态与被动语态的转换1）主动句的宾语变成被动句的主语。（如为代词要改为主格）2）将主动句的谓语动词改为be+过去分词。被动句的be动词的时态同于及物动词的时态，be动词的人称、数同于被动句的人称和数。3）主动句的主语，置于by之后。（如为代词改为宾格）Isawthemyesterday.Theywereseenbymeyesterday.（三）被动语态的类型1）由及物动词构成的被动语态一个宾语主动句主语+谓语+宾语被动句原宾语+be+过去分词+by+原主语的宾格两个宾语主动句主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语被动句原间接宾语+be+过去分词+原直接宾语+by+原主语的宾格原直接宾语+be+过去分词+原间接宾语+by+原主语的宾格含有补语主动句主语+谓语+宾语+宾补被动句原主语+be+过去分词+宾补+by+原主语的宾格Thiscompanysellscomputer.Thecomputerissoldbythiscompany.Heshowedmehisnewwalkman.

Iwasshownhisnewwalkmanbyhim.Hisnewwalkmanwasshowntomebyhim.Theywillmakethecitymorebeautiful.Thecitywillbemademorebeautifulbythem.注意：make,let,hear,watch等词在接双宾语时，是用不带to的不定式结构的，而在被动语态中，应该将to补回。Mymothermademewashthesocks.Iwasmadetowashthesocksbymymother.Theteacherlettheclassrecitethistext.Theclassislettorecitethetextbytheteacher.2）由及物短语动词构成的被动语态Suchathinghasdependonpayattentiontobetiredofneverbeenheardofbefore.dreamofSuchathinghasdependonpayattentiontobetiredofneverbeenheardofbefore.dreamofagreetobesurprisedatcallon turnonbeinterestedinbemadeof/from主动句主语+动词+介词+宾语被动句原宾语+be+过去分词+介词+by+原主语的宾格Ihaveneverheardofsuchathingbefore.3）祈使句的被动语态主动句动词+宾语被动句Let+原宾语+be+过去分词否定被动句Don,t+let+原宾语+be+过去分词Movethecarover!Letthecarbemovedover.Don,tletthecarbemovedover.4）表示“据说”，“相信”等Itissaidthat…Itisreportedthat..Itissuggestedthat…5）难点提示：A.不及物动词或不及物动词短语作谓语，没有被动语态。如：appear,disappear,end,fail,happen,fall,last,remain,spread,breakout,fallasleep,keepsilent,loseheart,takeplace….Intheend,hisdreamcametrue.B.当谓语动词是表状态的及物动词或及物动词短语时，也没有被动语态。如have,wish,watch,arriveat/in,succeedin,takepartin,belongto..wehavetakenpartintheirclub.C.系动词作谓语无被动语态。appear,become,feel,get,keep,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,taste..Itsoundsgood.D.当宾语是反身代词时无被动语态Ifoundmyselfinthepark.E.当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被动语态。Shelikestoswim.

［课堂练习］I.单选。1.Thekey onthetablewhenIleave.A.willbeleft B.wasleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleft2.Yourcarneeds .A.repaired B.repairingC.torepairD.beingrepaired3.ThePeople,sRepublicofChina onOct.1,1949.A.found B.wasfoundC.isfoundedD.wasfounded4.Thebuilding well.A.wassold B.issoldC.sellsD.sell5.Theold well.A.mustlookafterB.mustlookedafterC.mustbelookafterD.mustbelookedafter6.Thisbookisworth A.toberead B.readC.toreadD.reading7.Mary showmehernewdictionary.A.hasaskedto B.wasaskedtoC.isaskedD.asksto8.Thebooksmay fortwoweeks.A.bekept B.beborrowedC.keepD.borrow9.MissWangteachesusphysics.改为被动语态）A.PhysicsistaughtbyMissWang.B.PhysicsistaughtbyMissWangtous.C.PhysicsistaughttousbyMissWang.D.Physicsistaughtbyus.10.Whowasthebook ?A.write B.wroteC.writtenD.writtenby.完形。Inarailwaycarriage,anoldlady1annoyedbyalittleboywhokeptsniffing.Finally,shecouldn,t2herselfanymoreandasked,“Haven,tyougotahandkerchief?”“Yes,”saidtheboy,“buttheboy,“butI,mnot 3A.isA.controlA.allowingtolendittoastranger.B.hasbeenbecontrolledB.allowedC.wasC.controlledC.goingtoallow.改被动语态。Shegavemeanewpenyesterday.Weputthefoodintheoven.Herepairedhiscarlastweek.Sheaskedthestudentstodosomeexercises.

Theytakegoodcareofthebabiesathome.以上答案请见名师面授！【模拟试题】(答题时间：20分钟)I.单项选择。Ifthework,youcangoandplaygames.A.finished B.hasfinished C.willbefinishedD.isfinished2.Itwasrainingheavilyoutside.Thechildrenweremade intheclassroom.A.stay B.tostayC.stayingD.stayed3.Kate theletterbeforehermothercameintoherbedroom.A.haswritten B.waswrittenC.hadwrittenD.iswriting4.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbish_ intotheriver.A.needn,tbethrownB.mustn,tbethrownC.can,tthrowD.maynotthrow5.Ilikemybike.It verywell.A.rides B.isridingC.isriddenD.hasridden6.一Iwon'tcometothepartyunlessTom ___,too.一YoumeanifTomcomes,you,llcome.A.willinvite B.invitesC.invitedD.isinvited7.EveryonewhoheardMr.Green,sstory itA.laughedat B.waslaughedC.laughedD.waslaughedat8.Thechildrenmust .A.lookafterB.betakengoodcareC.lookthesameD.betakengoodcareof9.Thewomanstilldoesn,tknowwhatinherhometownA.happens B.happened10.—Isawyouwereonfootthismorning.C.willhappenD.washappened—Yes.Mybike .A.ismendingB.isbeingmendedC.ismendedD.isbeingmendingII.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。Allthestudents(ask)tobringakitewiththemlastSunday.Aremanyways(try)tostoppeoplefromcuttingdownsomanytrees?—Whatareonshowinthemuseum?—Somephotos(take)byAmericanchildren.Thiscoat(wash)well.Musttheoldpeople(speak)topolitely?I,moften(warn)nottocopyothers,homework.Hecouldn,texplainwhydinosaurs(disappear).ThePRCwas(found)onOctober1,1949.【试题答案】1〜5DBCBC 6-10DADBB1.wereasked2.tried3.weretaken4.iswashed5.bespoken6.warned7.disappeared8.founded【励志故事】神奇的皮鞋多明尼奎•博登纳夫，是法国一位年轻的企业家、艺术家。他所经营的公司历来就是发展美术业，但始终都是没有看到兴旺的一天。一天，他在徒步回家的路上，突然，感到脚下有什么绊了一下，低头一看，原来是一只破旧皮鞋，