高考总复习英语（外研版）Module5TheConquestoftheUniverse（选修8）

/07/7/Module5TheConquestoftheUniverse[高频词汇]1．__witness__v． 目击；亲身经历2．__burst__v． 爆炸；迸发3．__view__v． 看，观察n． 观点；风景4．__acknowledge__v． 承认；认为5．__accuse__v． 指责6．__sorrow__n． 悲伤；悲痛7．__consult__v． 咨询；请教[派生词汇]8．dependv.依靠；取决于→__dependent__adj.依赖的→__dependence__n.依赖，依靠→__independence__n.独立9．reliefn.安慰；宽慰→__relieve__v.安慰；宽慰10．devotionn.忠诚→__devote__v.致力于→__devoted__adj.忠诚的11．observationn.观察；监视→__observe__v.观察12．deliberatelyadv.蓄意地，故意地→__deliberate__adj.故意的13．accustomedadj.习惯的→__accustom__v.使习惯于14．assumev.假定，假设→__assumption__n.假定，假设→__assuming__conj.假定/认为……15．patiencen.耐心→__patient__adj.耐心的n.病人→__patiently__adv.耐心地16．advancedadj.高级的，先进的→__advance__v.&n.进步；进展用所给词的适当形式填空1．Mr.Blackismy__devoted__friend.He__devotes__hislifetodoingscientificresearch.Irespecthis__devotion__toscience.(devote)2．Atfirst，Annetotally__depended__onJack，herhusband.Aftermanyyearsofstruggle，shegainedher__independence__andnowsheis__dependent__onherselftoleadanewlife.(depend)3．Thedoctorsaid__patiently__，“Justalittle__patience__.I’mexaminingthe__patient__.”(patient)4．Itis__assumed__thathardworkleadstogreatsuccess，sowe__assume__himtobesuccessful.But__assuming__thatheisn’tthatlucky，whatshallwedotocomforthim？(assume)5．Oursoldiersnowcan__advance__300milesadayinthedesertwiththehelpofthe__advanced__GlobalPositioningSystem(全球定位系统)．(advance)1．__makeit__ 成功；及时到达2．__inspiteof__ 不管，尽管3．__accusesb.of(doing)sth.__ 指责某人(做)某事4．__prayfor__ 祈望；祈求5．__setout__ 开始做；着手进行；陈述6．__beaccustomedto__ 习惯于7．__aseriesof__ 一系列的；一连串的8．__attheverybeginningof__ 在……一开始的时候9．__otherthan__ 除……之外10．__beconsistentwith__ 与……一致选用左侧短语的正确形式填空1．__Inspiteof__allthedifficulties,wefinishedourtaskaheadofschedule.2．Heneverspeakstome__otherthan__toaskforsomething.3．Therehasbeen__aseriesof__accidentsonthisroadrecently.4．Thetrainwon’tleaveforanothertenminutes,soIthinkwecan__makeit__.5．Mary__setout__towashdishesafterthedinner.1.BythetimetheChallengertookoffin1986，theworldseemedtohavelostitsfearandwonderattheamazingachievementofpeoplegoingupintospace.到1986年“挑战者”号起飞的时候，人们似乎已经沉醉于人类走进太空这一巨大成就而忘记了恐惧，也失去了好奇心。Sb./Sth.seems/seemedSb.dtohavedone...＝Itseems/seemedthatsb./sth.have/hasdone...他似乎干完了工作。He__seemedtohavefinished__thework.2littledidheknowwhatimpacthewasgoingtomake.……他根本不知道他将要造成多大的轰动。否定词前置，句子用部分倒装。我怎么也没想到，会有一天我靠写作谋生。Little__didIknow__thatIwouldonedaymakealivingasawriter.3.Incredibleasitmayseem，boththeobservationsofscienceandtheevidenceofoureyesleadtotheinescapableassumption...尽管看起来不可思议，但科学观测以及我们肉眼所看到的证据都必然会让我们做出这个设想……as引导的让步状语从句，应使用倒装结构。虽然他对这个老板不满意，但他仍然在这家公司工作。__Unsatisfiedasheiswiththeboss__，heisstillworkinginthecompany.[词汇联想·巧积累]1.ass－开头动词集锦①assume假定，假设②assist帮助，协助③associate联想；联系④assure使确信⑤assign分配；分派⑥assess评价，评估2.无被动语态短语小结①breakout爆发②belongto属于③consistof由……组成④cometrue变成现实⑤takeplace发生⑥datefrom/backto追溯到3.聚焦“对……有影响”短语①make/haveanimpacton②haveaneffecton③haveinfluenceon/upon④impacton/uponaccustomedadj.习惯的；通常的；惯常的(教材原句)EversinceNeilArmstrongfirstsetfootontheMoonbackon21stJuly,1969，peoplehavebecomeaccustomedtotheideaofspacetravel.自从1969年7月21日阿姆斯特朗第一次踏上月球以来，人们已经习惯了太空旅行这个想法。(1)beaccustomedto(doing)sth.＝beusedto(doing)sth.习惯于(做)某事(状态)get/becomeaccustomedto(doing)sth.＝get/becomeusedto(doing)sth.习惯于(做)某事(动作)(2)accustomvt.使……习惯于accustomoneselfto(doing)sth.使自己习惯(做)某事单句语法填空/单句改错①Shewasaperson__accustomed__(accustom)tohavingeighthours’sleepanight.她是那种习惯每晚睡八个小时的人。②(朗文)Ittookawhileformetoaccustom__myself__toallthenewrulesandregulations.我花了一段时间才逐渐适应了所有新的规章制度。③I’maccustomedtolistentosomelightmusicbeforesleep.__listen→listening__④Accustomingtoclimbingthesteepmountain，hehadnodifficultyreachingthetop.__Accustoming→Accustomed__[链接写作]一句多译我习惯晚起床，总是感到困乏。①__Iamaccustomedtogettinguplate__，andIalwaysfeelsleepy.(accustomed)②__Accustomedtogettinguplate__，Ialwaysfeelsleepy.(accustomed)③__Iaccustommyselftogettinguplate__，andIalwaysfeelsleepy.(accustom)④__Accustomingmyselftogettinguplate__，Ialwaysfeelsleepy.(accustom)acknowledgev．承认；认为；告知收到(信件、礼物等)；感谢(教材原句)Itisnowacknowledgedbythemovieindustryasthemostsuccessfulfilmseriesever.现在它被电影界公认为历史上最成功的电影系列片。[一词多义]写出下列句中acknowledge的含义①Iacknowledgehavingdonatedmoneytothefloodedarea.__承认__②Thecandidatewavedhishandstoacknowledgethecheersofthecrowd.__感谢__③Iacknowledgedherletteratonce.__告知收到__④Canyouacknowledgeitastrue？__认为__(1)acknowledgesth./that... 承认……acknowledgedoing... 承认做过……acknowledge...as/tobe 认为……是(常用于被动形式)Itiswidely/universallyacknowledgedthat... 大家公认……(2)acknowledgementn． 承认；感谢完成句子⑤MoYan__isacknowledgedas/tobe__oneofthebestwritersinChina.莫言被认为是中国最好的作家之一。⑥(朗文)__Itisnowgenerallyacknowledgedthat__hewasinnocent.现在大家普遍认为他是无辜的。[名师点津]acknowledge与admit一样，后面要用名词、代词、v.－ing或that从句。accusevt.控告，谴责，指责(教材原句)HeaccusesDarthVaderofkillinghisfather，sohetrainstobecomeaJediknightandswearstoavengehisloss.他指责达斯·韦德杀死了自己的父亲，因此把自己训练成为一名杰迪武士并发誓要为自己的损失报仇。accusesb.of(doing)sth.(＝chargesb.withsth.) 控告某人做了某事accusesb.as... 控告/指责某人为……accusesb.forsth. 为某事指责某人beaccusedof... 被控告犯有……罪theaccused 被告单句语法填空/完成句子①Severalofthe__accused__(accuse)werefoundguilty.被告中有数人被判定有罪。②He__wasaccusedof/waschargedwith__cheatingintheexamination.他被指控考试作弊。[易混辨析]accuse/charge/blameaccuse多指当面指控某人罪行，但未必诉诸法庭，常与of连用。charge指控犯法等严重罪行，并依法正式提出控告，常与with连用。blame指对不好的事物或做错事的人给予责备。[语境填词]用accuse，charge和blame的正确形式填空①Hewas__charged__withtherobbery.②She__accused__himofstealingherwatch.③He__blamed__hisfailureonhisparents.[联想发散]请记记“v.＋sb.ofsth.”短语：curesb.ofsth. 治愈某人病，纠正某人坏习惯remindsb.ofsth. 使某人想起某事persuadesb.ofsth. 使某人信服某事suspectsb.ofsth. 怀疑某人涉嫌某事convincesb.ofsth. 使某人信服某事makeit成功；及时到达；赶上；能参加(教材原句)AllthreeastronautsmadeitsafelybacktoEarth.三位宇航员均成功地返回地球。makeitthrough 熬过……，挺过……makeitto＋sp. 及时赶到某地makeit＋time 就定为某时间吧完成句子①Workhard，andyou’ll__makeit__.努力干，你会成功的。②Sarah__madeittotheairport__justintimetocatchherplanethismorning.今天早晨萨拉按时到达机场，赶上了飞机。③Idon’tknowhowI’mgoingto__makeit