英语学习词汇类高考真题

2013年高考英语试第一部分：（共两节，满分30分。做题时，先将答案划在试卷上内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案。第一节（51.57.5分佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段仅读一遍。例：HowmuchistheA.£19.15．B.£9.15．C.£Whydoesn’tJohngotoschoolIt’stheHe’stootiredforHisschoolisclosedWhatwillthemandotomorrowGiveFrankaCookFrankaTakeFranktoaWhatisthemaleAAAWhatdoesthemanThedoorisHeisnottheonetoSomebodyhasjustlefttheOnwhichflooristhewoman’sTheTheThe第二节（151.522.5分听下面5段或独白。每段或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段或独白读两遍。66、7题。Whatistheman’sHeistoobusytoHecannotfindhisHehasapaininhisWhydoesDoctorGreenbreaktherulefortheHeisveryHeisgoingonaHeisunabletoaffordafull78、9WhydoesthewomanToofferaToraiseTomakeanWhereisthemanexpectedtogoTheGrand TheCity81012HowdoesthewomanfeelwhenaskedabouttheofferpriceofherWhatisthegreatestadvantageofthewoman’sItsItsItsWhowillthewomanconsultHerHerHer91316WhoisThewoman’sThewoman’sThewoman’sWhatextradishistobe B. C.Whathappenedinthewoman’sdepartmentlastItfacedariskofbeingshutItintroducedanewItfiredasalesWhatistheman’sattitudetowardsthepreparationfortheHeisHeisHeis101720WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutDavidMellor’sTheyare B.Theyare C.TheyareWhatisspecialaboutDavidMellor’s B.Rather C.AbitWhatdoesDavidMelloralwaysdobeforehebeginsaSmoothshisClearshisBiteshisWhatkind isDavidMelloraccordingtotheGentleandHumorousand第二部分：词汇知识运用(30分第一节：多项选择（10110分A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项例：Tomakemembersofateamperformbetter,thetrainerfirstofallhastoknowtheir andweaknesses．A.strengthsB.benefitsC.techniquesD.Poetrywrittenfromthesenseofbelonging.

oftheurbanyouthtendstorevealtheiranxietyoveralackA.B. C. D.Carbondioxide,whichmakes betweenusandthesun,preventsheatfromgettingoftheatmosphereeasily,sotheearth ingA. B. C. D.Whileinligentpeoplecanoften thecomplex,afoolismorelikelytocomplicatetheA. B. C. D.Accordingtothelaw,allforeignershaveto withthelocalwithintwoweeksofA. B. C. D.Butterflies asweetliquidproducedbyflowers,whichbeesandotherinsectsA.carry B.feed C.put D.focusInmuchoftheanimalworld,nightisthetime forsleep—pureandA.set B.set C.set D.setPeoplecominthatdecisionstoapproveordenyapermitareoften ratherthanbasedonfixedcriteria.A. B. C. D.Hedidn’tselfishlykeepforhimselfthemoneyinheritedfromhisuncle.Instead,hemade contributiontohelptheA. B. C. D.Don’tdefendhimanymore.It’sobviousthathe destroyedthefenceofthegardenevenwithoutapology.A. B. C.delibera D. whowasrecentlytravelingonaferrytothesouthernislanddiscovered alonglostantiqueGreekvase.A.at B.by C.in D.on第二节：完形填空（20120分Zigfried,alittlemouse,blewhisbreathonthefrostywindowofthefarmhouseandrubbedittoseetheoutside.Stillnobodycame.Maybetoday,hethought31.ItwasonlyafewdaysbeforeChristmasandhewaswatchingforamiracle().Thisfarmhousehadbeen32toolong.Itneededafamily.Zigfried’s33madeanoise.Herealizedthathehadn’teatenanythingsinceyesterday.Hejumpedfromthewindowsill(窗沿),grabbeda34fromhishome,andwentnextdoortoFarmerMike’s.FarmerMike’shousehadbeenagreatceforthelittlemouse35thefarmermarriedawifewhohadacat.Zigfried36whenhethoughtofit.Helookedaroundcautiouslyashe37intotheroomwheregrainwasstoredandwasquite38ashefilledhisbagwithwheat.Hewasturningtoleavewhensuddenlyhe39ahotbreathabouthisear.Hisheartbeat40,andwithoutthinkinghestartedtorunandluckily41thecat’spaws(爪子).ThenextafternoonZigfriedheardsomegoodnews:a42familywouldbemovingintothefarmhousesoon.Zigfried’sgrannywouldarriveonChristmasEveto43withhim.Hehopedthatthefamilywouldcomebeforehisgrannycame.Beforelong,acarcame44theroadleadingtothehouse,withbuttersandwiches,cheeseandchocolate.Zigfried’sChristmasmiracledidThehousecame45thenextfewdays.Zigfried46everysinglehourofthem.47,thedaybeforeChristmaswhenhewasdrinkinghotchocolatewitha48satthedoorofhishome,heheardthe49ofthechildrenofthefamilyaboutwhattheymightgetforChristmas.What?Acat?The50frozeonhisface;hismouthfellwideopen.Afteralongwhile,heatlastfoundhisvoice:“Hey!WhoseChristmasmiracleisthis?”31.A.B.C.D.32.A.B.C.D.33.A.B.C.D.34.A.B.C.D.35.A.B.C.D.36.A.B.C.D.37.A.B.C.D.38.A.B.C.D.39.A.B.C.D.40.A.B.C.D.41.A.B.C.D.42.A.B.C.D.43.A.B.C.D.44.A.B.C.D.45.A.B.C.D.46.A.B.C.D.47.A.B.C.D.48.A.B.C.D.49.A.B.C.D.50.A.B.C.D.第三部分：阅读理解(20240分阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、CD）中，选出最佳选ASomeyearsago,writinginmydiaryusedtobeausualactivity.Iwouldreturnfromschoolandspendtheexpectedhalfhourrecordingtheday’sevents,feelings,andimpressionsinmylittlebluediary.Ididnotreallyneedtoexpressmyemotionsbywayofwords,butIgainedacertainsatisfactionfromseeingmyexperiencesforeverrecordedonpaper.Afterall,isn’taccumulatingmemoriesawayofpreservingthepast?WhenIwasthirteenyearsold,Iwentonalongjourneyonfootinagreatvalley,well-equippedwithpens,adiary,andacamera.Duringthetrip,Iwasbusyrecordingevery ,nameandceIcameacross.Ifeltproudtobespendingmytimeproductively,dutifullypreservingforfuturegenerationsadetaileddescriptionofmytravels.Onmylastnightthere,Iwanderedoutofmytent,diaryinhand.Theskywasclearandlitbytheglareofthemoon,andthewallsofthevalleylookedthreateningbehindtheirscreenofshadows.Iautomaticallytookoutmypen…Atthatpoint,IunderstoodthatnothingIwrotecouldevermatchorrecethefewsecondsIallowedmyselftoexperiencethedramaticbeautyofthevalley.AllIrememberedofthepreviousfewdayswerethedullcharacterizationsIhadsetdowninmydiary.Now,IonlywriteinmydiarywhenIneedtowritedownaspecialthoughtorfeeling.Istilllovetorecordideasandquotationsthatstrikemeinbooks,orobservationsthatareparticularlymeaningful.Itakepictures,butnotveryoften—onlyofobjectsIfindreallybeautiful.I’mnolongerblindlysatisfiedwithhavingsomethingtorememberwhenIgrowold.IrealizethatlifewillsimplypassmebyifIstaybehindthecamera,busypreservingthepresentsoastoliveitintheIdon’twanttowakeuponedayandhavenothingbutapileofpicturesandnotes.MaybeIwon’thaveasmanyexactrepresentationsofpeopleandces;maybeI’llforgetcertainfacts,butatleasttheexperienceswillalwaysremaininsideme.Idon’tlivetomakememories—Ijustlive,andthememoriesformthemselves.Beforetheageofthirteen,theauthorregardedkeeadiaryasawayof A.observingherschool B.expressingherC.impressingher D.preservingherWhatcausedachangeintheauthor’sunderstandingofkeeaA.Adullnightonthe B.ThebeautyofthegreatC.Astrikingquotationfroma D.HerconcernsforfutureWhatdoestheauthorputinherdiaryA.Notesandbeautiful B.SpecialthoughtsandC.Detailedaccountsofdaily D.DescriptionsofunforgettableTheauthorcomestorealizethattoliveameaningfullifeis A.toexperience B.tolivethepresentintheC.tomakememories D.togiveaccuraterepresentationsofitMothersanddaughtersgothroughsomuch—yetwhenwasthelasttimeamotheranddaughtersatdowntowriteabooktogetheraboutitall?PerriKlassandhermother,SheilaSolomonKlass,bothgiftedprofessionalwriters,provetobeidealco-writersastheyexaminetheirdecadesofmotherhood,daughterhood,andthewonderfulwaystheirliveshaveoverlapped().Perrinoteswithamazementhowcloselyherownlifehasmirroredhermother’s:bothhavefull-timecareers;bothhavepublishedbooks,articles,andstories;eachhasthreechildren;theybothlovetoread.Theyalsolovetotravel—infact,theyoftentaketripstogether.Butintruth,thehardertheylookattheirlives,themoretheyacknowledgetheirbigdifferencesincircumstanceandbasicAchildoftheDepression(大),SheilawasraisedinBrooklynbyparentswhoeducationaluxuryforgirls.Startingwithhercollegeeducation,shehasfoughtforeverythingshe’s plished.Perri,ontheotherhand,grewupprivilegedintheNewJerseysuburbsofthe1960sand1970s.ForSheila,wastingtimeormoneyisacrime,andluxuryisunthinkablewhilePerrienjoystheoccasionalsmallluxury,buthasnotbeensuccessfulattryingtopersuadehermotherintoenjoyingeventhetiniestthingshelikes.Eachwritinginherownunmistakablevoice,PerriandSheilataketurnsexploringthejoysandpains,theloveandbitterness,theminortroublesandlastingrespectthathavealwaysbondedthemtogether.SheiladescribestheadventureofgivingbirthtoPerriinatinytowninTrinidadwhereherhusbandwasngresearchfieldwork.Perriadmitsthatshecan’tsortoutallthemessinthehouseholds,eventhoughsheknowsitdriveshermothercrazy.Togethertheycomparethoughtsonbringingupchildrenandworking,admitlong-hiddensorrows,andenjoypreciousmemories.Lookingdeepintothelivestheyhavelivedseparayandtogether,PerriandSheilaltheirmother-daughterstorywithhonesty,humor,enthusiasm,andadmirationforeachotherAwrittenaccountintwovoicesEveryMotherIsaDaughterisaduet二重奏)thatproducesadeep,strongsoundwiththeexperiencesthatallmothersanddaughterswillrecognize.WhydoesPerrithinkthatherownlifehasmirroredherTheybothhavegonethroughdifficultTheyhavestrongemotionaltieswitheachTheyhavethesamejoysandpains,andloveandTheybothhaveexperiencesasdaughter,motherandTheword“luxury”inParagraph3means somethingrarebutnotsomethingthatcannotbesomethingexpensivebutnotsomethingthatcanonlybeenjoyedbyWhatisParagraph4mainlyA.Thecontentofthe B.ThepurposeoftheC.Theinfluenceofthe D.ThewritingstyleoftheHowarewomen’slivesexploredinthisA.Inamusical B.ThroughfieldC.Withuniquewriting D.FromdifferentpointsofCWe’vereachedastrange—somewouldsayunusual—point.WhilefightingworldhungercontinuestobethematterofvitalimportanceaccordingtoarecentreportfromtheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO),morepeoplenowdiefrombeingoverweight,orsay,frombeingextremelyfat,thanfrombeingunderweight.It’sthegoodlifethat’smorelikelytokillusthesedays.Worse,nearlyl8millionchildrenundertheageoffivearoundtheworldareestimatedtobeoverweight.What’sgoingon?Wereallydon’thavemanyexcusesforourweightproblems.Thedangersoftheproblemhavebeendrilledintousbypublic-healthnssince2001andthemessageisgettingthrough—uptoapoint.Inthe1970s,Finland,forexample,hadthehighestrateofheartdiseaseintheworldandbeingoverweightwasitsmaincause.Notanymore.Apublic-healthnhasgreatlyreducedthenumberofheartdiseasedeathsby80percentoverthepastthreedecades.MaybethatexinswhythepercentageofpeopleinFinlandtakingdietpillsdoubledbetween2001and2005,anddoctorsevenoffersurgeryofremovingfatinsideandchangetheshapeofthebody.Thathas easortoffashion.Nowonderitranksastheworld’smostbody-consciousWeknowwhatweshouldbengtoloseweight—butactuallyngitisanothermatter.Byfarthemostpopularexcuseisnottakingenoughexercise.MorethanhalfofusadmitwelackOthersblamegoodfood.Theysay:it’sjusttooinvitinganditmakesthemovereat.StillotherslaytheblameontheAmericans,cominingthatpoundshavepiledonthankstoeatingtoomuchAmerican-stylefastfood.Somealsoblametheirparents—theirgenes.Butunfortunay,theparentsarewrongedbecausethey’renormalinshape,orratherslim.It’sasimilarstoryaroundtheworld,althoughpeoplearerelativelyunlikelytohavetriedtoloseweight.Parentsareeagertoseetheirkidsshapeup.DoasIsay—notasIdo.Whatisthe“strange”pointmentionedinthefirstThegoodlifeisagreaterriskthanthebadStarvationistakingmorepeople’slivesintheWHOreportshowspeople’sunawarenessoffoodOverweightissueremainsunresolveddespiteWHO’sWhydoestheauthorthinkthatpeoplehavenoexcuseforbeingAlotofeffectivedietpillsareBodyimagehasnothingtodowithgoodTheyhavebeenmadefullyawareofitsTherearetoomanyoverweightpeopleintheTheexampleofFinlandisusedtoillustrate thecauseofheartthefashionofbodytheeffectivenessofathehistoryofabody-consciousWhichwouldbethebesttitlefortheA.Actionsor B.OverweightorC.WHOinaDilemma D.NoLongerDyingofHungerThetechnologyisgreat.Withoutitwewouldn’thavebeenabletoputamanontheexploretheocean’sdepthsoreatmicrowavesausages.Computershaverevolutionizedourlivesandtheyhavethepowertoeducateandpassonknowledge.Butsometimesthispowercancreatemoreproblemsthanitsolves.Everydoctorhashadtotrytheirbesttocalmdownpatientswho’vecomeintotheirsurgerywavinganInternetprint-out,convincedthattheyhavesomerareincurabledisease,say,throatcancer.Thetruthisusuallyfarmoreordinary,though:theydon’thavethroatcancer,andit’sjustthattheirthroatsareswollen.BeingagraduateoftheInternet“school”ofmedicinedoesnotguaranteeaccurateself-health-checks.OnedayMrs.Almondcametomyhospitalafterfeelingfaintatwork.WhileItookherbloodsampleandtriedtofindoutwhatwaswrong,shesaidcalmly,“Iknowwhat’swrong;I’vegotthroatcancer.Iknowthere’snothingyoudoctorscandoaboutitandI’vejustgottowaituntilthedayAsamatterofroutineIorderedachestX-ray.Ilookedatitandthebloodresultsanhourlater.Somethingwasn’tright.“DidyourlocaldoctordoanX-ray?”Iasked.“Oh,Ihaven’tbeentothedoctorforyears,”shereplied.“Ireadaboutitonawebsiteandthesymptomsfitted,soIknewthat’swhatIhad.”However,someofhersymptoms,liketheseverecoughandweightloss,didn’tfitwithit—butshe’djustignoredthis.IlookedattheX-rayagain,andmoretestsconfirmeditwasn’tthecancerbuttuberculosis结核)—somethingthatmostcertainlydidneedtreating,andcouldbedeadly.Shewasluckywecaughtitwhenwedid.Mrs.AlmondwentpalewhenIexinedshewouldhavetobeontreatmentforthenextsixmonthstoensurethatshewasfullyrecovered.Itwascertainlyalessonforher.“I’msoembarrassed,”shesaid,shakingherhead,asIexinedthatallthepeopleshehadcomeintoclosecontactwithwouldhavetobefoundoutandtested.Shelisteduptoabout20,andthenIwenttomyofficetotypeupmynotes.Unexpectedly,thecomputerwasnotworking,soIhadtowaituntilsomeonefromtheITdepartmentcametofixit.Typical.MaybeIshouldhaveamicrowavesausagewhileIwaited?Mrs.Almondtalkedaboutherillnesscalmlybecause shethoughtsheknewitshehadpurchasedmedicineshegraduatedfromamedicalshehadbeentreatedbylocalItwasluckyforMrs.Almond tohavecontactedmanytohaverecoveredinashorttohaveherassumptiontohaveherdiseaseidentifiedinMrs.Almondsaid“I’msoembarrassed”(Para.7)because shehaddistrustedhercloseshehadcausedunnecessaryshehadtorefusethedoctor’sshehadtolthetruthtotheBymentioningthebreakdownofthecomputer,theauthorprobablywantstoprove it’samusttotakeabreakatit’svitaltobelieveinITit’sunwisetosimplyrelyonit’sadangertoworklonghoursonEAGermanstudysuggeststhatpeoplewhoweretoooptimisticabouttheirfutureactuallyfacedgreaterriskofdisabilityordeathwithin10yearsthanthosepessimistswhoexpectedtheirfuturetobeworse.Thepaper,publishedthisMarchinPsychologyandAging,examinedhealthandwelfaresurveysfromroughly40,000Germansbetweenages18and96.Thesurveyswereconductedeveryyearfrom1993to2003.Surveyrespondents(受访者)wereaskedtoestimatetheirpresentandfuturelifeonascaleof0to10,amongotherTheresearchersfoundthatyoungadultsage18to39)routinelyoverestimatedtheirfuturelifesatisfaction,whilemiddle-agedadultsage40to64)moreaccuraypredictedhowtheywouldfeelinthefutureAdultsof65andolderhoweverwerefarmorelikelytounderestimatetheirfuturelifesatisfaction.Notonlydidtheyfeelmoresatisfiedthantheythoughttheywould,theolderpessimistsseemedtosufferalowerratio(比率)ofdisabilityanddeathforthestudyperiod.“Weobservedthatbeingtoooptimisticinpredictingabetterfuturethanactuallyobservedwasassociatedwithagreaterriskofdisabilityandagreaterriskofdeathwithinthefollowingdecade,”wroteFriederR.Lang,aprofessorattheUniversityofErlangen-Nuremberg.Langandhiscolleaguesbelievedthatpeoplewhowerepessimisticabouttheirfuturemaybemorecarefulabouttheiractionsthanpeoplewhoexpectedarosyfuture.“Seeingadarkfuturemayencouragepositiveevaluationsoftheactualselfandmaycontributetotakingimprovedprecautions(预防措施),”theauthorswrote.Surprisingly,comparedwiththoseinpoorhealthorwhohadlow es,respondentswhoenjoyedgoodhealthor ewereassociatedwithexpectingagreaterdecline.Also,theresearcherssaidthathigher ewasrelatedtoagreaterriskofdisability.Theauthorsofthestudynotedthattherewerelimitationstotheirconclusions.Illness,medicaltreatmentandallosscouldalsohavedrivenhealth However,theresearcherssaidapatternwasclear.“Wefoundthatfromearlytolateadulthood,individualsadapttheirexpectationsoffuturelifesatisfactionfromoptimistic,toaccurate,topessimistic,”theauthorsconcluded.Accordingtothestudy,whomadethemostaccuratepredictionoftheirfuturelifeA.Optimistic B.Middle-agedC.Adultsinpoor D.Adultsof Pessimismmaybepositiveinsomewaybecauseitcausespeople tofullyenjoytheirpresenttoestimatetheircontributionaccuratotakemeasuresagainstpotentialtovaluehealthmorehighlythanHowdopeopleof eseetheirTheywillearnlessThey eTheywillsuffermentalTheywillhavelesstimetoenjoyWhatistheclearconclusionofthePessimismguaranteeschancesofGoodfinancialconditionleadstogoodMedicaltreatmentdetermines Expectationsoffuturelifesatisfactiondeclinewith第四部分：表达(共两节，满分50分第一节：完成句子（10220分 wasthattheyoungyerperformedextremelywellinthetabletennistournament.答案：Whatdelightedthefans/madethefansdelightedKnowing reducestherisksoffailureanditworkslikeaninsuranceforyourownability.(do)Not myparents,Ifailedtogotoadramaschool,wheremyinterestlay.Thechiefengineertogetherwithhiscolleagues newscientificmethodsoffarmingsincefiveyearsago.(look)WhenIworkonthef