水作文之焦化废水毕业设计

焦化废水毕业设计【篇一：小型焦化厂废水处理工艺设计毕业设计】毕业设计小型焦化厂废水处理工艺设计摘要：焦化污水中含有大量的氨氮以及多种有毒的有机化合物，如多环芳烃等成分复杂的化合物。从组成成分上讲，焦化污水必然会造成环境污染、影响人体健康。处理焦化污水的方法有许多，生物法以其在经济上可行性较好的特点而得到广泛应用。本文为小型焦化厂污水处理工程工艺设计。该工程，规模为5000m3/d。污水处理流程为：进厂污水从泵房到脱酚塔，然后流入隔油池，隔油池出水进入气浮池，出水进入水解酸化池，出水进入a/oo反应池，再进入二次沉淀池，二次沉淀池出水进入混凝沉淀池，最后出水。污泥的流程为：从二次沉淀池以及混凝沉淀池排出的剩余污泥进入污泥浓缩池，再进入污泥脱水间，经干化处理后外运处置。污水处理后的出水应达到《钢铁工业水污染物排放标准》(gb13456—92)中焦化行业二级标准。选择a/oo工艺处理焦化污水，在脱氮方面的效率要明显高于sbr法以及cass氧化沟等方法。关键词：a/oo工艺，焦化污水，脱氮thedesignofsmallcokingwastewatertreatmentprocess[abstract]cokingwastewatercontainsalargeamountofammoniaandavarietyoftoxicorganiccompounds,ermsofcomposition,cokingwastewaterisboundtocauseenvironmentalpollutionandaffecthumanhealth.therearemanywaystothetreatmentofcokingwastewater.thebiologicalmethodhasbeenwidelyusedforitsbettercharacteristicsoftheeconomicfeasibility.thisarticleisforthedesignofsmallcokingwastewatertreatmentengineeringprocess.thescaleoftheprojectis5000m3/d.sewagetreatmentprocessisasfollows:intothefactorysewagefromthepumpingstationtothephenolremovalbythetower,andthenflowsintothegreasetrap,greasetrapwaterintotheflotationtank,theeffluentintothepoolacidhydrolysis,andwaterintothea/ooreactioncell,andthenenterthesecondarysedimentationtank,secondarysedimentationtankintothecoagulationandsedimentation,andthefinaleffluent.sludgeprocess:theexcesssludgedischargedfromthesecondarysettlingtank,aswellascoagulationandsedimentationintothesludgethickener,andthenintothesludgedewatering,thentodisposalafterdryprocessing.thetreatedsewagewatershouldreachthesteelindustrywaterpollutantemissionstandard(gb13456-92)intwocokingindustrystandard.selecta/ooprocesstodealingcokingwastewaterintheefficiencyofdenitrificationwassignificantlyhigherthanthesbrandcassoxidationditch.keywords:a/ooprocess,cokingwastewater,denitrification目录1.前言.....................................................................................................................................11.1焦化废水来源、特性及处理意义..................................................................................11.1.1焦化废水来源............................................................................................................................11.1.2焦化废水特性............................................................................................................................11.1.3处理焦化废水目的及意义........................................................................................................11.2焦化废水处理现状及处理方法......................................................................................31.2.1焦化废水处理现状....................................................................................................................31.2.2焦化废水的处理方法................................................................................................................42.焦化废水工艺设计.............................................................................................................92.1设计基础资料..................................................................................................................92.1.1污水水量和水质........................................................................................................................92.1.2出水要求....................................................................................................................................92.2厂址资料........................................................................................................................102.2.1地理位置..................................................................................................................................102.2.2气候特征..................................................................................................................................102.2.3地形及水文..............................................................................................................................102.2.4厂区地形..................................................................................................................................112.2.5工业发展状况..........................................................................................................................112.3工艺流程的确定............................................................................................................112.3.1一般规定..................................................................................................................................112.3.2工艺设计原则..........................................................................................................................122.3.3工艺比选..................................................................................................................................123.构筑物设计计算...............................................................................................................163.1调节池............................................................................................................................163.1.1设计说明..................................................................................................................................163.1.2设计参数..................................................................................................................................163.1.3设计计算..................................................................................................................................163.2提升泵房........................................................................................................................173.2.1设计依据..................................................................................................................................173.2.2设计说明..................................................................................................................................183.2.3设计计算..................................................................................................................................183.3脱酚塔............................................................................................................................183.3.1工艺选择..................................................................................................................................193.3.2设计参数..................................................................................................................................203.3.3设计计算..................................................................................................................................203.4隔油池............................................................................................................................213.4.1设计说明..................................................................................................................................213.4.2设计参数..................................................................................................................................223.4.3设计计算..................................................................................................................................223.5气浮池............................................................................................................................253.5.1设计说明..................................................................................................................................253.4.2设计参数..................................................................................................................................253.4.3设计计算..................................................................................................................................263.4.4上浮渣排除设备......................................................................................................................283.6水解酸化池....................................................................................................................283.6.1设计说明..................................................................................................................................283.6.2设计参数..................................................................................................................................293.6.3设计计算..................................................................................................................................293.7aoo池...........................................................................................................................333.7.1设计说明..................................................................................................................................333.7.2设计参数..................................................................................................................................333.7.3设计计算..................................................................................................................................343.8二沉池............................................................................................................................383.8.1设计说明..................................................................................................................................383.8.2设计参数..................................................................................................................................393.8.3设计计算..................................................................................................................................393.9混凝沉淀池....................................................................................................................433.9.1设计说明..................................................................................................................................433.9.2设计计算..................................................................................................................................433.10污泥浓缩池..................................................................................................................523.10.1设计说明................................................................................................................................523.10.2设计参数................................................................................................................................53算................................................................................................................................533.11均质池..........................................................................................................................553.11.1设计说明................................................................................................................................553.11.2设计参数................................................................................................................................553.11.3设计计算................................................................................................................................553.12污泥压滤车间..............................................................................................................563.12.1设计说明................................................................................................................................563.12.2设计计算................................................................................................................................563.12.4设备选择................................................................................................................................573.13干化场..........................................................................................................................573.13.1设计说明................................................................................................................................573.13.2设计参数................................................................................................................................573.13.2设计计算................................................................................................................................584.平面布置...........................................................................................................................594.1总平面布置原则............................................................................................................594.2.总平面布置结果............................................................................................................605.高程布置及计算...............................................................................................................615.1高程布置原则................................................................................................................615.2高程布置结果................................................................................................................616．投资估算........................................................................................................................62参考文献：..........................................................................................................................63致谢......................................................................................................................................66附录......................................................................................................................................67【篇二：焦化废水处理毕业设计】目录摘要..................................................................................................1abstract............................................................................................1第一章前言...................................................................................21.1研究目的及意义.....................................................................21.2国内外研究现状.....................................................................31.2.1物化法..................................................................................41.2.2生化法..................................................................................61.2.3焦化废水深度处理..............................................................71．3处理要求..............................................................................8第二章设计原则与依据..................................................................82.1设计依据................................................................................82.2设计原则................................................................................92.3工艺选择................................................................................9第三章设计构筑物尺寸................................................................103.1预处理构筑物尺寸...............................................................103.1.1集水井..............................................................................103.1.2隔油池..............................................................................113.1.3调节池..............................................................................113.1.4气浮池..............................................................................123.2a/a/o工艺的设计计算........................................................123.2.1好氧池生物固体停留时间..............................................123.2.2厌氧池容积.......................................................................123.2.3缺氧池与好氧池容积......................................................123.2.4反应池容积......................................................................133.2.5水力停留时间..................................................................133.2.6需氧量..............................................................................143.2.7曝气设备的设计..............................................................143.2.8空气管道的计算..............................................................153.2.9鼓风机的选择..................................................................163.2.10剩余污泥量....................................................................163.3平流二沉池..........................................................................173.4混凝沉淀池设计计算...........................................................183.4.1涡流反应池设计计算......................................................183.4.2沉淀池设计计算..............................................................203.6污泥浓缩系统设计计算........................................................213.6.1污泥的来源......................................................................223.6.2污泥浓缩系统计算..........................................................22第四章平面及高程布置................................................................234.1污水厂平面布置原则................................................................234.2污水厂的平面布置....................................................................244.3污水厂高程布置原则.................................................................254.4高程布置计算............................................................................25第五章结语....................................................................................27摘要焦炭生产过程中产生大量的焦化废水，焦化废水成分复杂，有害物质很多，如不加处理，任意排放，会对环境造成严重的污染。本文通过a2/o工艺处理焦化废水，该工艺是在厌氧—好氧除磷工艺（a/o）的基础上开发出来的，其核心是在厌氧-好氧工艺（a/o）中间加一缺氧池，将好氧池流出的一部分混合液回流至缺氧池前端，该工艺同时具有脱氮除磷的功能。污水首先流入厌氧池，在兼性厌氧菌和专性厌氧菌的作用下，废水中的有机物被降解，生成沼气，被微生物吸收利用，以污泥形式得以去除，厌氧过程还能大大地改善废水中难以直接用好氧生化法降解的苯、蒽醌类有机物的可化生性，提高后续生物氧化法的处理效率。由于该工业废水的磷含量不高，该厌氧段的主要目的是去除有机物及改善废水的可生化性。本设计的进水水质为：进水cod浓度5000mg/l，bod5浓度2400mg/l，ss浓度280mg/l。此工艺的处理效果比较好，出水水质达到中华人民共和国《污水综合排放标准》（gb8978－1996）一级标准。关键词：焦化废水气浮a2/o工艺混凝沉淀abstractcokingwastewaterisproducedincokeproductionanditscomponentiscomplexwhichcontainsmanyharmfulmaterials.itwillcauseseriousenvironmentproblemswithouttreatment.thispaperadoptsa2/oprocesstodealwithcokingwastewater.thetechnologyisdevelopedonthebaseoftheanaerobic-aerobic(a/o)phosphorusremovalprocess.thekeytechnologyistoadoptahypoxiatankbetweenanaerobictankandaerobictank(a/o).partofmixedliquorfromtheaerobictankwillreturntothefrontoftheanaerobictank.meanwhile,thetreatmentprocesscanremovenitrogensandphosphorus.theinfluententerstheanaerobictankandtheorganicpollutantsinwastewateraredigestedunderthefacultativeanaerobeandtheobligateanaerobe.thepollutantsareremovedbytheformofsludge.theanaerobicprocesscangreatlyimpro