gmat2016cr新题解析版1.文章记忆通过过去中相似的环境帮助动物作出反应但是这不需要

Neuroscientist:Memoryevolvedtohelpanimalsreactappropriaytosituationstheyencounterbydrawingonthepastexperienceofsimilarsituations.Butthisdoesnotrequirethatanimalsperfectlyrecalleverydetailofalltheirexperience.Instead,tofunctionwell,memoryshouldgeneralizefrompastexperiencesthataresimilartothecurrentone.Theneuroscientist’sstatements,iftrue,moststronglysupportwhichofthefollowingAtleastsomeanimalsperfectlyrecalleverydetailofatleastsomepastPerfectlyrecallingeverydetailofalltheirpastexperiencescouldhelpatleastsomeanimalsreactmoreappropriaythantheyotherwisewouldtonewsituationstheyencounter.Generalizingfrompastexperiencesrequiresclearmemoriesofmostifnotallthedetailsofthoseexperiences.Recallingeverydetailofallpastexperienceswouldbe patiblewithanyabilitytogeneralizefromthoseexperiences.Animalscanoftenreactmoreappropria ythantheyotherwisewouldtosituationstheyencounteriftheydrawongeneralizationsfrompastexperiencesofsimilarsituations.文章：通过过去回忆中相似的环境帮助动物作出反应。但是这不需要动物记住E相比Generalizingfrompastexperiencesrequire开始的和文章不一致，排除C和文章最后一句内容一致，保留Astronomer:Moststarsareborningroupsofthousands,eachstarinagroupformingfromthesameparentcloudofgas.Eachcloudhasaunique,homogeneouschemicalcomposition.Therefore,whenevertwostarshavethesamechemicalcompositionaseachother,theymusthaveoriginatedfromthesamecloudofgas.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmoststrengthentheastronomer’sInsomegroupofstars,noteverystaroriginatedfromthesameparentcloudofCloudofgasofsimilaroridenticalchemicalcompositionmayberemotefromeachWheneverastarforms,itinheritsthechemicalcompositionofitsparentcloudofManystarsinvastlydifferentpartsoftheuniversearequitesimilarintheirchemical Astronomerscanatleastsometimespreciselydeterminewhetherastarhasthesamechemicalcompositionasitsparentcloudofgas.文章：天文学家认为大多数星星都是以数千量级为一个群体产生，每个群体中的星不是每个星星都源自于同一气云，方向为削弱原文。排除C原文范围，排除D较关系是建立在一个群体内的两个星星，不是星星和其，排除EAprovincialernmentnstoraisethegasolinetaxtogivepeopleanincentivetodriveless,reducingtrafficcongestioninthelongterm.However,skepticspointoutthatmostpeopleintheprovinceliveinareaswherecarsaretheonlyviabletransportationtojobsandstoresandthereforecannotgreatlychangetheirdrivinghabitsinresponsetohighergasolineprices.Inlightoftheskeptics’objection,whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmostlogicallysupportthepredictionthatthe ernment’snwillachieveitsgoalofreducingtrafficcongestion?Therevenuefromthetaxwillbeusedtomakepublictransportationaviablemeansoftransportationtojobsandstoresforfarmorepeople.Thetaxwillencouragemanyresidentstoswitchtomorefuel-efficientcars,reducingairpollutionandotherproblems.Becausegasolinehasbeenunderpricedfordecades,theprovincehasmanyneighborhoodswherecarsaretheonlyviablemeansoftransportation.Mostresidentswhocannotgreatlychangetheirdrivinghabitscouldcompensateforhighgasolinepricesbyreducingotherexpenses.Trafficcongestionisanespeciallyseriousproblemforpeopleforwhomcarsaretheonlyviablemeansoftransportation. 文章：一个省计划提高油税来让人民少开车，从而长期减少交通拥堵的状况。油入将被用来增加交通方式，对的人去工作和商店。和原文性质一致，故保留A有必然关系，故排除DEditorial:TheroofofNorthtown’smunicipalequipment-storagebuildingcollapsedundertheweightoflastweek’sheavysnowfall.Thebuildingwasconstructedrecentlyandmetlocalbuilding-safetycodesineveryparticular,exceptthatthenailsusedforattachingroofsupportstothebuilding’scolumnswereofasmallersizethanthecodesspecifyforthispurpose.Clearly,thiscollapseexemplifieshowevenasingle,apparentlyinsignificantdeparturefromsafetystandardscanhavesevereconsequences.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mostseriouslyweakenstheeditorial’sTheonlyotherbuildingstosufferroofcollapsesfromtheweightofthesnowfallwereolderbuildingsconstructedaccordingtolessexactingstandardsthanthoseinthecodes.Theamountofsnowthataccumulatedontheroofoftheequipment-storagebuildingwasgreaterthanthepredicted umthatwasusedindrawingupthesafetycodes.Becausetheequipment-storagebuildingwasnotintendedforhumanoccupation,somesafety-codeprovisionsthatwouldhaveappliedtoanofficebuildingdidnotapplytoit.ThemunicipalityofNorthtownitselfhastheresponsibilityforensuringthatbuildingsconstructedwithinitsboundariesmeettheprovisionsofthebuilding-safetycodes.Becausetheequipment-storagebuildingwasusedforstoringsnow-removalequipment,thebuildingwasalmostcompleyemptywhentheroofcollapsed. 文章：：N的城市设备大楼的房顶塌了，被上周的降雪的重量。这栋楼是于楼的新旧，和原文相关性不大，故排除A的积雪有关，故保留B重于大楼的作用，是否装人，和原文相关性不大，故排除CN市的市局有责任确保在该市范围内的楼满足建楼的安全标准。侧重于市局的责任，无关，排除D的东西，和原文的关系不是很直接，排除EAnewlydiscoveredpaintingseemstobetheworkofoneoftwoseventeenth-centurys,eitherthenorthernGermanJohannesDrechenortheFrenanLouisBirellewhosometimespaintedinthesamestyleasDrechen.ysisofthecarvedpictureframe,whichhasbeenidentifiedasthepainting’soriginalseventeenth-centuryframe,showedthatitismadeofwoodfoundwidelyinnorthernGermanyatthetime,butrareinthepartofFrancewhereBirellelived.ThisshowsthatthepaintingismostlikelytheworkofDrechen.WhichofthefollowingisanassumptionthattheargumentTheframewasmadefromwoodlocaltotheregionwherethepicturewasDrechenisunlikelytohaveevervisitedthehomeregionofBirelleinSometimesapaintingsoresemblesothersofitserathatnoexpertisabletoconfidentlydecidewhopaintedit.ThepainterofthepicturechosetheframefortheThecarvingstyleofthepictureframeisnottypicalofanyspecificregionof LB，LBGJD类似。对该石雕画框（该画框被确认为该画的原17世纪的画框）的分析表明该画框所用的木料在德国北部广泛分布，但是却很少能在LB生活的法国找到。这表明了这幅画最可能是GJD的作品。可以区分，而题目要求提供假设，是支持类，故排除CManyagriculturallyintensiveareasoftheworldarebeginningtoencounterwaterscarcityproblems.Asaresult,manyfarmersintheseareasarelikelytoreducetheiroutputasthewatersupplytheyneedinordertomaintainproductionshrinks.However,onegroupoffarmersinsucharegionnstoincreasetheirproductionbyimplementingtechniquesforwaterWhichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmoststronglysupportthepredictionthatthegroup’snwillsucceed?Farmersthatcangainalargershareofthefoodmarketintheirregionswillbebetterpositionedtocontrolmorewaterresources.Mostagriculturalpracticesinareaswithwatershortagesarewater-Otherregionsoftheworldnotfacingwatershortagesarelikelytomakeupforthereductioninagriculturaloutput.Demandforagriculturalproductsinthegroup’sregionisnotexpectedtoMorethanhalfthewaterusedforagricultureinthefamer’sregionislosttoevaporationorleakagefromirrigationchannels. 文章：世界上许多农业密集型区域开始缺水问题。结果，当他们需要维持产量及的是用技术去保存水，所以该选项和原文无关，故排除A排除C产量，没有提到对产品需求增加，故排除DPeoplewhodoregularvolunteerworktendtolivelonger,onaverage,thanpeoplewhodonot.Ithasbeenfoundthat“nggood,”acategorythatcertainlyincludesvolunteerwork,releasesendorphins,thebrain’snaturalopiates,whichinduceinpeopleafeelingofwell-being.Clearly,thereisaconnection:Regularreleasesofendorphinsmustinsomewayhelptoextendpeople’sWhichofthefollowing,iftrue,mostseriouslyunderminesthe oftheevidencegivenassupportforthehypothesisthatendorphinspromotelongevity?Peoplewhodoregularvolunteerworkareonlysomewhatmorelikelythanotherstocharacterizetheworktheydoforalivingas“ nggood.”Althoughextremelyhighlevelsofendorphinscouldbeharmfultohealth,suchlevelsareneverreachedasaresultofthenaturalreleaseofendorphins.TherearemanypeoplewhohavedonesomevolunteerworkbutwhodonotdosuchworkPeopletendnotto einvolvedinregularvolunteerworkunlesstheyarehealthyandenergetictobeginwith.Releasesofendorphinsareresponsibleforthesenseofwell-beingexperiencedbymanylong-distancerunnerswhilerunning. 显的是，这之间有联系：规律的释放endorphins一定在某种方式下帮助去延长。文章信息有些关系，但是比起D选项直接和题目及文章相关，则没那么直接，故排除Aendorphins不会过量，则不会损害健康，那就是对健康有帮助，和文章方向相同，有些人做了一些工作，但是并不是经常做这些工作。本选项谈的是做志愿工作的频率，和原文无关，故排除C人们不会参与到规律的工作中，除非他们开始做的时候健康和充满能量的。本选endorphins解释了许多长跑运动员跑步时经历的健康感。长跑运动员和文中的做志Althoughtheschoolwouldreceivefinancialbenefitsifithadsoftdrinkvendingmachinesinthecafeteria,weshouldnotallowthem.Allowingsoftdrinkmachinestherewouldnotbeinourstudents’interest.Ifourstudentsstartdrinkingmoresoftdrinks,theywillbelesshealthy.TheargumentdependsonwhichoftheIfthesoftdrinkvendingmachineswerecedinthecafeteria,studentwouldconsumemoresoftdrinksasaresult.Theamountofsoftdrinksthatmoststudentsattheschoolcurrentlydrinkisnotdetrimentaltotheirhealth.Studentsareapttobehealthieriftheydonotdrinksoftdrinksatallthaniftheyjustdrinksmallamountsoccasionally.Studentswillnotsimplybringsoftdrinksfromhomeifthesoftdrinkvendingmachinesarenotcedinthecafeteria.Theschool’sprimaryconcernshouldbetopromotegoodhealthamongits 文章：虽然学校会在财政上收益，如果把饮料贩售机放在餐厅的话，但是我们不能如果饮料贩售机放在餐厅中，学生会喝的饮料。和文中一致，故保留关，故排除E39.Astudyofticketsalesatasummertheaterfestivalfoundthatpeoplewhoboughtticketstoindividualyshadano-showrateoflessthan1percent,whilethosewhopaidinadvanceforalltenysbeingperformedthatsummerhadano-showrateofnearly30percent.Thismaybeatleastinpartbecausethegreatertheawarenesscustomersretainaboutthecostofanitem,themorelikelytheyaretouseit.Whichofthefollowingwould,iftrue,bestserveasanalternativeexnationofresultsoftheThepriceperticketwasslightlycheaperforthosewhoboughtalltenticketsinManypeoplewhoattendthetheaterfestivalbelievedstronglythattheyshouldsupportitThosewhoattendalltenysbecameeligibleforapartialUsually,peoplewhoboughtticketstoindividualysdidsoimmedia ypriortoeachperformancethattheyattended.Peoplewhoarrivedjustbeforetheperformancebegancouldnotbeassuredofobtainingseatsinapreferredlocation. 文章：一个关于一个夏日剧院节日的售票情况的研究发现买票去看单个剧的人有一度。故排除Ano-show率有关，可no-show率低，故算是提供了与原文结论不一样的角度，符合AlthoughthereisnorecordofpoetEdmundSpenser’sparentage,wedoknowthatasayouthSpenserattendtheMerchantTailors’SchoolLondonforaperiodbetween1560and1570.RecordsfromthistimeindicatethattheMerchantTailors’GuildthenhadonlythreemembersnamedSpenser:RobertSpenser,listedasagentleman;NicholasSpenser,electedtheGuild’sWardenin1568;andJohnSpenser,listedasa“journeymancloth-maker.”Ofthese,thelastwaslikelytheleastaffluentofthethree—andmostlikelyEdmund’sfather,sinceschoolaccountingrecordslistEdmundasascholarwhoattendedtheschoolatareducefee.WhichofthefollowingisanassumptiononwhichtheargumentAnybodyinsixteenth-centuryLondonwhomadeclothingprofessionallywouldhavehadtobeamemberoftheMerchantTailors’Guild.ThefactthatEdmundSpenserattendedtheMerchantTailors’Schooldidnotnecessarilymeanthathennedto eatailor.NomemberoftheGuildcould eGuildwardeninsixteenth-centuryLondonunlesshewasagentleman.MostofthosewhosefathersweremembersoftheMerchantTailors’GuildwerestudentsattheMerchantTailors’School.TheMerchantTailors’SchooldidnotreduceitsfeesforthechildrenofthemoreaffluentGuildmembers.一个可能是三个里最不富裕的一个—也就最有可能是Edmund的，因为学院的记录把Edmund当作一个上学时减了学费的学者。的会员的条件，和文章他的出身无关，故排除A为学监的条件，和文章他的出身无关，故排除C故排除DMTS没有对更富裕的会员的孩子减少学费。本选项文中减少学费有关，故保留WhichofthechoicesmostlogicallycompletesthefollowingNowNews,althoughstillthemostpopularmagazinecoveringculturaleventsinKalopolis,hasrecentlysufferedasignificantdropinadvertisingrevenuebecauseoffallingcirculation.Manyreadershavebegunbuyingacompetingmagazinethat,at50centspercopy,costslessthanNowNewsat$1.50percopy.Inordertoboostcirculationandthusincreaseadvertisingrevenue,NowNews’spublisherhasproposedmakingitavailableatnocharge.However,thisproposalhasaseriousdrawback,since ThoseKalopolisresidentswiththegreatestinterestinculturaleventsareregularreadersofbothmagazines.OnereasonNowNews’scirculationfellwasthatitscompetitor’sreportingonculturaleventswassuperior.ThenewsstandsandstoresthatcurrentlysellNowNewswillnolongercarryitifisbeinggivenawayfor.Atpresent,10percentofthetotalnumberofcopiesofeachissueofNowNewsare tostudentsoncollegecampusesintheKalopolisarea.NowNews’scompetitorwouldbegintoloselargeamountsofmoneyifitwere dtoloweritscoverprice. 文章：NowNews虽然仍然是最流行的Kalopolis地区的文化，但是最近却因为量下降导致收入的下降。许多读者开始买它的竞争对手的，50美分一份，议该免费。但是，这个计划有个很严重的缺陷，因为。的的，多少有些支持，故排除A和文章有直接关系，故保留C说计划有缺陷相反，故排除EArchaeologist:ResearchersexcavatingaburialsiteinCyprusfoundafelineskeletonslyingnearahumanskeleton.Bothskeletonswereinthesamesedimentatthesamedepthandequallywell- ,suggestingthatthefelineandhumanwereburiedtogetherabout9,500yearsago.Thisshowsthatfelinesweredomesticatedaroundthetimefarmingbegan,whentheywouldhavebeenusefulinprotectingstoresofgrainfrommice.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmostseriouslyweakenthearchaeologist’sArchaeologistshavenotfoundanyremainsofstoresofgrainintheimmediatevicinityoftheburialsite.TheburialsiteinCyprusissubstantiallyolderthananyotherknownburialsiteinwhichafelineskeletonandahumanskeletonappeartohavebeenburiedtogether.Paintingsfoundneartheburialsiteseemtoshowpeoplekeefelinesasdomesticcompanions,butdonotshowfelineshuntingmice.InCyprus,therearemanyburialsitesdatingfromaround9,500yearsagoinwhichtheremainsofwildanimalsappeartohavebeenburiedalongsidehumanremains.Beforefelinesweredomesticated,earlyfarmershadnoeffectivewaytoprotectstoresofgrainfrommice. 文章：考古学家：研究人员发掘埋葬地在Cyprus发现一个feline骨骼在一个人的骨故排除ACyprusfeline骨骼和一个人的骨骼看上去是被埋在一起的。承认了feline和人的骨骼一起，是支持了原文，故排除B藏地附近的画，和A选项类似，超过了原文的范围，故排除CCyprus9500年前的埋葬地点，其中野生动物的遗骸看似被和人类的遗骸就说明养了felines之后，可以控制老鼠，是支持原文信息，故保留EEconomist:Themosteconomicallyefficientwaytoreduceemissionsofairpollutantsistotaxtheminproportiontothedamagetheyarelikelytocause.ButinCountryY,manyseriouspollutantsareuntaxedandunregulated,andmakersstronglyopposenewtaxes.Therefore,thebesttoachieveareductioninairpollutantsemissionsinCountryYwouldbetoinstitutefixedupperlimitsonthem.Whichofthefollowingisanassumptionoftheeconomist’s(A)makersinCountryYopposeallnewtaxesequallystrongly,regardlessofanybenefitstheymayprovide.(B)CountryY’sairpollutantemissionswouldfallsignificantlyiftheyweretaxedinproportiontothedamagetheyarelikelytocause.(C)makersinCountryYstronglyfavorreductionsinairpollutant(D)CountryY’smakersbelievethatairpollutantemissionsshouldbereducedwithumeconomicefficiency.(E)makersinCountryYdonotopposesettingfixedupperlimitsonairpollutantemissionsasstronglyastheyopposenewtaxes. 文章：：经济上最有效的减少空气污染排放的方法就是对排放收税，该税Y国，许多严重的污染物是不收税的，也不规范的，并且政策制定者新的。因此，在Y国最好的实现减少空气污染Y国的政策制定者同样强烈地所有的，不管它们能带来什么利益。能带来利益不是原文的，故排除AY国的空气污染排放会急剧下降，如果它们能被按着它们可能产生的危害成比例收税的话。和文中不收税相反，故排除BY国的政策制定者相信空气污染排放应该被减少，同时伴随着最大的经济效率。空气污染排放和经济效率的关系不是原文，故排除D。文中谈及政策制定者新，可以保留E。HumansgetLymediseasefrominfectedticks.TicksgetinfectedbyfeedingonanimalswithLymedisease,buttheeaseoftransmissionfromhostanimaltotickvaries.Withmostspeciesofhostanimal,transmissionofLymediseasetoticksisextremelyrare,butwhite-footedmiceareanexception,readilypassingLymediseasetoticks.Andwhite-footedmousepopulationsgreatlyexpand, ingthemainfoodsourceforticks,inareaswherebiodiversityisindecline.TheinformationinthepassagemoststronglysupportswhichoftheInareaswheremanyhumansareinfectedwithLymedisease,theproportionofticksinfectedwithLymediseaseisespeciallyhigh.Veryfewanimalsthatliveinareaswheretherearenowhite-footedmiceareinfectedwithLymedisease.HumansarelessatriskofcontractingLymediseaseinareaswherebiodiversityisTicksfeedonwhite-footedmiceonlywhenotherhostspeciesarenotavailabletoThegreaterthebiodiversityofanarea,themorelikelyanygivenhostanimalinthatareaistopassLymediseasetoticks.文章：人类的Lyme病来自于的tick。Tick来自于有Lyme病的动物，但是成为了tick的主要事物来源，在生物多样性减少的地方。在许多人Lyme病的地区，Lyme病的ticks的比例很高。这里的比例高低和数量多少没关系，干扰性很强，故排除A有些地方白脚鼠没有Lyme，很少有住在这些地方的动物Lyme病。文中谈到白除B在生物多样性较高的地方，人们Lyme病的风险很低。文章中谈及生物多样性低，人类的可能性就低，从而C选项合理，故保留C（文章逻辑太绕，可在纸上画一下tick会以白脚鼠为食，仅当它们得不到其他寄主类动物的时候。这个条件文中没有谈及，文中只说到tick以白脚鼠为主要食物来源，故排除D大。生物多样性和寄主动物在文中没有关系，生物多样性只和白脚鼠有关，故排除EAdvertisement:Whenyourcar’sengineisrunningatitsnormaloperatingtemperature,anymajorbrandofmotoroilwillprotectitaboutaswellasTuffdoes.Whentheengineiscold,itisadifferentstory:Tuffmotoroilflowsbetteratlowertemperaturesthanitsmajorcompetitorsdo.So,ifyouwantyourcar’senginetohave umprotection,youshoulduseTuff.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,moststrengthenstheargumentintheTuffmotoroilprovidesabove-averageprotectionforenginesthathappentoTuffmotoroilisperiodicallyd ofchargetoauto manufacturerstouseinfactory-newcars.Tuffmotoroil’sshareoftheengineoilmarketpeakedthreeyearsTuffmotoroil,likeanymotoroil,isthickerandflowsless lyatcoldtemperaturesthanathottemperatures.Tuffmotoroilismanufacturedatonlyonerefineryandshippedfromtheretoall 文章：：当你的车的引擎在其正常的运行温度下运行的时候，任何主要的品牌Tuff（Tuff车用机油对偶然过热的引擎提供平均水平以上的保护。和文章结论直接相关，故保A故排除C。故排除DTuff车用机油仅在一个冶炼厂生产，并且从那到所有市场。产地，都和保护无关，故排除ETheTestamentofWilliamThorpewaspublishedaround1530asanappendixtoThorpe’slongerwhereastheExaminationisdated1406,theTestamentisdated1460.Onescholarhasrecentlyarguedthatthe1460datebeamendedto1409,basedontheobservationthatwhenthesenumbersareexpressedasRomannumerals,MCCCLXandMCCCIX,it eseasytoseehowthedatesmighthave econfusedthroughscribalerror.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmostsupportthescholar’shypothesisconcerningthedateoftheTestament?ThesoleevidencethathistorianshavehadthatWilliamThorpediednoearlierthan1460wasthepresumeddateofpublicationoftheTestament.Intheprefacetothe1530publication,theeditorattributesbothworkstoWilliamFewwritersinfifteenth-centuryEnglandmarkeddatesintheirworksusingonlyRomanTheTestamentalludestoadate,“Friday,September20,”asapparentlycontemporaneouswiththewritingoftheTestament,andSeptember20fellonaFridayin1490butnotinTheTestamentcontainsfewreferencestohistoricaleventsthatoccurredlaterthan 文章：TestamentofWilliamThorpe于1530年左右，作为Thorpe的更长一些的ExaminationTestamentThorpe是因为，虽然1409历史学家有的WilliamThorpe死于1460后的唯一的是Testament的推测的日期。本选项的作家的日期，和文章无关，故排除A的日期，和文章和题干相关，故保留DTestament没怎么谈到1406年之后发生的历史。本选项谈及Testament的内容，和文Toreduceproductivitylossesfromemployeescallinginsick,CorporationXimplementedanewrequiringemployeestocomeintoworkunlesstheyweresosickthattheyhadtogotoadoctor.Butayearafterthewasimplemented,astudyfoundthatCorporationX’soverallproductivitylossesduetoreportedemployeeillnesshadincreased.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldbestexinwhytheproducedthereverseofitsintendedeffect?Afterthewasimplemented,employeesmorefrequentlywenttothedoctorwhentheyfeltsick.Beforethewasimplemented,employeeswhowerenotsickatalloftencalledinEmployeescomingintoworkwhensickofteninfectmanyoftheirUnusuallyfewemployeesbecamegenuinelysickduringtheyearafterthewas Therearemanyotherfactorsbesidesemployeeillnessthatcanadverselyaffect 文章：为了减少员工打请病生产力的损失，X公司实施了一个新政策，该个研究发现X公司由于员工生病导致的整体生产力损失却上升了。故排除AC产力，与原文相反，故排除D的，这里的生产力，加上其他原因都和原文无关，故排除E Advertisingbymailhas emuchlesseffective,withfewerconsumersresponding.Becauseconsumersareincreasinglyoverwhelmedbythesheeramountofjunkmailtheyreceive,mostdiscardalmostallofferswithoutconsideringthem.Thus,aneffectivewayforcorporationstoimproveresponserateswouldbetomorecarefullytargettheindividualstowhomtheymailadvertising,therebycuttingdownontheamountofjunkmaileachconsumerreceives.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmostsupport mendationTherearecost-effectivemeansbywhichcorporationsthatcurrentlyadvertisebymailcouldimproveresponserates.Manysuccessfulcorporationsarealreadycarefullytargetingtheindividualstowhomtheymailadvertising.Anyconsumerswho,immediayafterreceivinganadvertisementbymail,merelyglancesatit,isverylikelytodiscardit.Improvementsinthequalityoftheadvertisingmaterialsusedinmailthatiscarefullytargetedtoindividualscanimprovetheresponserateforsuchmail. Responseratetocarefullytargetedadvertisementsbymailareconsiderablyhigher,onaverage,thanresponseratestomostotherformsofadvertising.文章：邮件效果没那么好了，很少有顾客会有回应。因为顾客收到越来越多的项涉及成本的问题，与文章无关，故排除A本不看就删除不一致。看一眼有可能被吸引。故排除C文中的对象无关，故排除DPolitician:Hybridcarsusesignificantlylessfuelperkilometerthannonhybrids.Andfuelproducesairpollution,whichcontributestoanumberofenvironmentalproblems.Motoristscansavemoneybydrivingcarsthataremorefuelefficient,andtheywillbeencouragedtodrivehybridcarsifwemakethemawareofthatfact.Therefore,wecanhelpreducethetotalamountofpollutionemittedbycarsinthiscountrybyhighlightingthisadvantageofhybridcars.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmostindicateavulnerabilityofthepolitician’sPeoplewithmorefuel-efficientcarstypicallydrivemorethandothosewithlessfuel-efficientcars.Notallairpollutionoriginatesfrom HybridcarshavealreadybeguntogainFuel-efficientalternativestohybridcarswill eavailableintheThefuturecostofgasolineandotherfuelcannotbepredictedwithabsoluteprecisionor 文章：：混合动力的车比非混合动力的车每公里油耗少很多。燃油会产生空混合动力的车已经开始流行了。混合动力车支持了文中的观点，故排除境的帮助，与其无关，故排除DEOnesummer,floodscoveredlow-lyinggarlicfieldssituatedinaregionwithalargemosquitopopulation.Sincemosquitoeslaytheireggsinstandingwater,floodedfieldswouldnormallyattractmosquitoes,yetnomosquitoeswerefoundinthefields.Diallylsulfide,amajorcomponentofgarlic,isknowntorepelseveralspeciesofinsects,includingmosquitoes,soitislikelythatdiallylsulfidefromthegarlicrepelledthemosquitoes.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,moststrengthenstheDiallylsulfideisalsofoundinonionsbutconcentrationslowerthaninThemosquitopopulationoftheregionasawholewassignificantlysmallerduringtheyearinwhichthefloodingtookcethanithadbeeninpreviousyears.Bytheendofthesummer,mostofthegarlicntsinthefloodedfieldshadbeenkilledbywaterbornefungi.Manyinsectspeciesnotrepelledbydiallylsulfidewerefoundinthefloodedgarlicfieldsthroughoutthesummer. Mosquitoesareknowntobesusceptibletotoxinsinntsotherthangarlic,suchas 文章：一个夏天，洪水灌满了有很多蚊子的蒜田。因为蚊子在产卵，被洪水淹sufide（DS成分，可以抵抗很多昆虫，包括蚊子，所以可能是蒜里面的DS抵抗了蚊子。DS也被发现在洋葱中，但是浓度比蒜里的低。洋葱和蒜DS浓度的比较和杀蚊子没有关系，排除ADS导致蚊子少的DS无法抵挡的的昆虫的种类在这个夏天被发现在这篇被洪水淹过的农田。文章说的昆虫，则为驳斥；加上not，则为支持DCoffeeshopowner:Alargenumberofcustomerswillpayatleastthefairmarketvalueforacupofcoffee,evenifthereisnoformalcharge.Somewillpaymorethanthisoutofappreciationofthetrustthatiscedinthem.Andourtotalnumberofcustomersislikelytoincrease.Wecouldthereforeimproveournetcashflowbyimplementinganhonorsysteminwhichcustomerspaywhattheywishforcoffeebydepositingmoneyinacan.Manager:We’relikelytolosemoneyonthisn.Manycustomerswouldcheatthissystem,payingaverysmallsumornothingatall.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldbestsupporttheowner’sn,inlightofthemanager’sThenewsystem,ifimplemented,wouldincreasethenumberofByroastingitsowncoffee,theshophasmanagedtoreducethedifficulties(andcost)ofmaintaininganinventoryoffreshlyroastedcoffee.ManycustomersstayinthecaféforlongstretchesofTheshopmakesasubstantialprofitfrompastriesandotherfoodboughtbythecoffeeNoothercoffeeshopintheareahassucha统中其中顾客通过把钱放到一个罐子里，并且想付就付多少。和原文无关，故排除B许多顾客在咖啡店呆好长时间。时间和原文无关，故排除故保留D该地区没有其他的咖啡店有这个系统。其他店对该店没有影响，故排除Citycouncilmember:Demandforelectricityhasbeenincreasingby1.5percentayear,andtheresimplyisnomorespacetobuildadditionalpowerntstomeetfuturedemandincreases.Wemustthereforebegintocurtailusage,whichiswhyIproposepassingordinancesrequiringenergy-conservationmeasuresinallcitydepartments.Thecitycouncilmember’sproposalassumeswhichoftheExistingpowerntsdonothavethecapacitytohandlealloftheprojectedincreaseindemandforelectricity.Nocitydepartmentshaveimplementedenergy-conservationmeasuresPassingordinancesdesignedtocurtailelectricityusagewillnothavenegativeeconomicconsequencesforthecity.ResidentialconsumersarenotresponsiblefortherecentincreasesindemandforCitydepartmentsthatsuccessfullyconserveenergywillsetagoodexampleforresidentialandindustrialconsumersofelectricity.故排除B故排除C居民消费者对最近的用电量增长没有什么责任。居民和原文内容无关，故排除Voterscommonlycondemnpoliticiansforbeinginsincere,butpoliticiansoftenmustdisguisetheirtruefeelingswhentheymakepublicstatements.Iftheyexpressedtheirhonestviews—about,say,theirparty’spolicies—thenachievingpoliticallynecessarycompromiseswouldbemuchmoredifficult.Clearly,theveryinsinceritythatpeopledecryshowsthatourernmentisfunctioningwell.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mostseriouslyunderminesthisAchievingpoliticalcompromisesisnotallthatisnecessaryfortheproperfunctioningofaSomepoliticalcompromisesarenotinthebestlong-terminterestof Votersoftenjudgepoliticiansbycriteriaotherthanthesinceritywithwhichtheyexpresstheirviews.Apoliticalparty’spoliciescouldturnouttobedetrimentaltothefunctioningofaSomeofthepublicstatementsmadebypoliticiansabouttheirparty’spoliciescouldinfactbesincere.文章：投票者通常指责不，但是当公开时，经常必须中政治让步和诚实，城市和运行有关，故保留A排除B对象，与原文谷关，故排除CD的一些关于他们党派政策公开可能实际上是的。和文中信息一致，方向Toreducewasteofrawmaterials,theernmentofSperlandisconsideringrequiringhouseholdappliancestobebrokendownforsalvagewhendiscarded.Tocoverthecostofsalvage,theernmentisnningtochargeafee,whichwouldbeimposedwhentheapplianceisfirstsold.Imposingthefeeatthetimeofsalvagewouldreducewastemoreeffectively,however,becauseconsumerstendtokeepoldapplianceslongeriftheyarefacedwithafeefordiscardingthem.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mostseriouslyweakenstheIncreasingthecostofdisposingofanapplianceproperlyincreasestheincentivetodisposeofitimproperly.ThefeeprovidesmanufacturerswithnoincentivetoproduceappliancesthataremoreForpeoplewhohaveboughtnewappliancesrecently,thesalvagefeewouldnotneedtobepaidforanumberofyears.Peoplewhoselltheirused,workingappliancestootherswouldnotneedtopaythesalvagefee.Manynonfunctioningappliancesthatarecurrentlydiscardedcouldberepairedatrelativelylittleexpense.文章：为了减少原材料的浪费，Sperland正在考虑要求人们扔掉家用电器时分文的时间，可以保留A处理电器，不是新买的电器，故排除C除DEIncreaseduseofincinerationissometimesadvocatedasasafewaytodisposeofchemicalwaste.Butopponentsofincinerationpointtothe40 sinvolvingunexpectedreleasesofdangerouschemicalagentsthatwerereportedjustlastyearattwoexistingincineratorscommissionedtodestroyatyofchemicalwastematerial.Sincedesignsforproposednewincineratorsincludenoadditionalmeansofpreventingsuchreleases,leakswillonly moreprevalentifuseofincinerationincreases.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mostseriouslyweakenstheAtthetwoincinerat