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全新版大学英语综合教程4习题答案

上海外语教育出版社

Unit1

PartIITextA

lexfOrganization

PartsParagraphsMainIdeas

PartOneParas1-2Introduction-BothNapoleon,sandHitler's

militarycampaignsfailedbecauseofthe

severityoftheRussianwinter.

PartTwoParas3-11Napoleon'smilitarycampaignagainstRussia

PartThreeParas12-20Hitler，smilitarycampaignagainsttheSoviet

Union

PartFourPara21Conclusion-theelementsofnaturemustbe

rekonedwithinanymilitarycampaign.

乙o.

SectionsParagraphsMainIdeas

SectionOneParas12-13Hitler*sblitzkriegagainstRussiaandStalin,s

scorchedearthpolicy

SectionTwoParas14-18thebattlesfoughtatLeningrad,Moscowand

StalingradSectionThreeParas19-20the

Russiancounter-offensiveandtheoutcomeof

thewar

Vocabulary

I.1.1)alliance2)atthecostof

3)stroke4)limp

5)minus6)regions

7)declarations8)siege

9)raw10)bidehistime

11)havetakentheirtoll12)inthecaseof

2.1)isfacedwith2)getboggeddown

3)ispressingon/pressedon4)dragon

5)getby6)dineout

7)havecutback8)getthrough

3.1)Therapidadvanceingenetherapymayleadtotheconquestof

cancerinthenearfuture.

2)Productioninmanyfactorieshasbeenbroughttoahaltby

thedelayedarrivalofrawmaterialsduetothedockworkers,

strike

3)Sarahasmadeuphermindthatherleisureinterests

will/shouldnevergetinthewayofhercareer.

4)Obviouslythereporter*squestioncaughttheforeignminister

offguard.

5)Theintroductionoftheelectroniccalculatorhasrendered

theslideruleoutofdate/obsolete.

4.1)Beingfacedwithanenemyforcesmuchsuperiortoours,wehad

togiveuptheoccupationofbigcitiesandretreattotherural

andmountainousregionstobuildupourbases.

2)Unityiscrucialtotheefficientoperationofanorganization.

Failuretoreckonwiththisproblemwillweakenitsstrength.

Inmanycases,workmaybebroughttoahaltbyconstantinternal

struggleinanorganization.

3)TheRedArmyfoughtaheroicbattleatStalingradandwonthe

decisivevictoryagainsttheGermans.Infact,thisbattleturned

thetideintheSecondWorldWar.Duringthisfamousbattle,the

SoviettroopswithstoodtheGermansiegeandweakenedtheGerman

armybylaunchingaseriesofcounterattacks.

II.MoreSynonymsinContext

1)DuringtheFirstWorldWar,battlesoccurredhereandthereover

vastareas.Someofthemostdramaticfightingtookplaceinthe

gloomytrenchesofFranceandBelgium.

2)Elizabethmadecarefulpreparationsfortheinterviewandher

efforts/homeworkpaidoff.

3)Ispenthourstryingtotalkhimintoacceptingthesettlement,

butheturnedadeafeartoallmywords.

4)Pneumoniahadseverelyweakenedherbody,andIwonderedhowher

fragilebodycouldwithstandtheharshweather.

III.Usage

1)Butoftenitisnotuntilwefallillthatwefinallylearnto

appreciategoodhealth.

2)Aricholdladylaydeadathomefortwoweeks-andnobodyknew

anythingaboutit.

3)It'ssaidhedroppeddeadfromaheartattackvhenhewasatwork

4)Don，tsittooclosetothefiretokeepwarm—youcouldeasilyget

burned,especiallyifyoufallasleep.

5)Inthosedayspeoplebelievedinmarryingyoungandhavingchildren

early.

6)LittleTomwasunabletositstillforlongerthanafewminutes.

ComprehensiveExercises

I.Cloze

(A)

1.invasion2.standintheway

3.Conquest4.catching...offhisguard

5.launching6.declaration

7.campaign8.dragon

9.reckonwith10.bringing...toahalt

(B)

1.allow2.reckoned

3.highly4.forecasts

5.rapidly6.instant

7.delivery8.advantage

9.observing10.Powerful

II.Translation

1.Mr.Dohertyandhisfamilyarecurrentlyengagedingettingtheautumn

harvestinonthefarm.

2.Wemustnotunderestimatetheenemy.Theyareequippedwiththemost

sophisticatedweapons.

3.Havingbeencutofajob/NothavinghadajobforSmooths,Philisgetting

increasinglydesperate.

4.Sam,astheprojectmanager,isdecisive,efficient,andaccuratein

hisjudgment.

5.Sincethechemicalplantwasidentifiedasthesourceofsolution,the

villageneighborhoodcommitteedecidedtocloseitdownatthecostof

100jobs.

Theoffensivehadalreadylastedthreedays,butwehadnotgained

muchground.Ourtroopsengagingtheenemyatthefrontwerefacedwith

strong/fierce/stiffresistance.Thedivisioncommanderinstructedour

battaliontogetaroundtotherearoftheenemyandlaunchasurpriseattack.

Todoso,however,wehadtocrossamarshlandandmanyofuswereafraid

wemightgetboggeddowninthemud.Ourbattalioncommanderdecidedto

takea

gamble.Westartedundercoverofdarknessandpressedoninspiteofgreat

difficulties.Byastrokeofluck,thetemperatureatnightsuddenlydropped

tominus20degreesCelsiusandthemarshfrozeover.Thankstothecold

weather,wearrivedatourdestinationbeforedawnandbeganattackingthe

enemyfromtherear.Thisturnedthetideofthebattle.Theenemy,caught

offguard,soonsurrendered.

Unit2TextA

Vocabulary

I.1.1)expansion2)automated3)vapor4)takecontrolof

5)hazards6)satellite7)vibrated8)magnetic

9)bunched10)intheair11)got/wasstuckin

12)approximately

2.1)sendout2)standupfor3)passfor4)wereclosingin

on

5)startingup6)wentthrough7)fillout8)fallinto

3.1)•••incorporatesallthelatestafetyfeatures

2)•••twotreestenfeetapart

3)•••awardinglucrativecontractstohisconstructionsite

4)…theprototypeofanewmodelbeforetheysetupafactory

tomakethecars.

5)•••arecorrelatedinallracialgroups

4.1)theapplication,remote,hasturnedintoareality,arepoisedto

2)thatvibrate,candetect,frequency

3)lanes,aremountedin,alerta,hazard

II.WordFormation

ClippedWordsBlends

KilokilogramMedicaremedicalcare

Memomemorandumemailelectronicmail

gymgymnasiumcomsatcommunicationssatellite

libliberationnewscastnewsbroadcast

docdoctorskyjackskyhijack

vetveterinarianEurodollarEuropeandollar

preppreparatorybrunchbreakfastandlunch

autoautomobiletelecasttelevisionbroadcast

fluinfluenzaOxbridgeOxfordandCambridge

III.1.Jswimmingpool2.drawingboard3.enrichedMiddleEnglish

4.disturbingchange5.fullydevelopedprototype6.Canned

foods7.workingpopulation8.puzzlingdifferences

ComprehensiveExercises

I.Cloze

1)computerized2)startup3)bepoisedto4)alert

5)hazards6)monotonous7)takecontrolof8)steer9)

lane10)decrease11)calculate12)eliminate13)

gettingstuckin14)mounted15)detect16)vapor

1)generates2)related3)revolutionized4)

enabled5)opportunities6)overall7)

manufacturing8)dependent9)interact10)fatalities

ILTranslation

1.

1)Therewasanunusualquietnessintheair,exceptforthesoundof

artilleryinthedistance.

2)TheexpansionofurbanareasinsomeAfricancountrieshasbeen

causingasignificantfallinlivingstandardsandanincreasein

socialproblem.

3)Theresearchshowsthatatmosphericcarbondioxidelevelsareclosely

correlatedwithglobaltemperatures.

4)Thefrequencyofthebusservicehasbeenimprovedfrom15to12

minutesrecently

5)Thediverstoodontheedgeofthedivingboard,poisedtojumpat

thesignalfromthecoach.

Automobileshave,sincetheirinvention,revolutionized

transportation,changingforeverthewaypeoplelive,travel,anddo

business.Ontheotherhand,theyhavebroughthazards,especiallyhighway

fatalities.However,today

theapplicationofcomputertechnologyandelectronicsensorsindesigning

andmanufacturingcarsmakesitpossibletoeliminatemostoftraffic

accidents.Forexample,electronicsensorsmountedinyourcarcandetect

alcoholvaporintheairandrefusetostartuptheengine.Theycanalso

monitorroadconditionsbyreceivingradiosignalssentoutfromorbiting

satellitesandgreatlyreduceyourchancesofgettingstuckintrafficjams.

Unit3TextA

Contentquestions

1.Herunsamanufacturingcompany.

2.Almostallofthemwereno.

3.Thisapplicantwasillpreparedforthejobhewasapplyingfor

andthereforeillqualified.

4.Preparetowin.

5.Theynowhavetoswitchjobsfrequently.

6.A90-year-oIdtennisplayerwhowantedtoworkonhisweakness一

backhandcourt.

7.Believinginyourself,evenwhennooneelsedoes.

8.Becausehewillmentionacabdriverwhoisdifferent.

9.Hiseffortstomakeadifference.

10.HewasofferedarideonadaywhenMinnesotawashitwithoneof

theworstsnowstormsinyearsandtheinternationalairportthere

wasclosedforthefirsttimeindecades.

11.Becausetherewerenotracksleftinthesnow,whichmeanshewas

thefirstpersontotakeofffromthere.

12Carlsonwasexcitedaboutbeingfirst,whichisexactlywhatthe

writerrecommendstojobapplicants.

TextOrganization

1.

PartsParagraphsMainIdeas

PartOneParas1-6Anill-preparedcollegegraduatefailed

hisinterview.

PartTwoParas7-27Fourpiecesofadviceonbeinga

successfulinterviewee.

PartThreeParas28-31Makeyourowntracksinwhateveryoudo.

SuggestionsExamples

1)Preparetowin.1)MichaelJordan

2)Neverstoplearning.2)a90-year-oIdtennis

player

3)Believeinyourself,evenwhennooneelsedoes3)thefour-minutemile,

theNewYork

Marathonandthe

Vietnamveteran.

4)Findawaytomakeadifference.4)aNewYorkcabdriver.

LanguageSenseEnhancement

1.

⑴checkedwith(2)interview(3)grill(4)clippings

⑸berightfor(6)followup(7)indicating(8)hand-delivered

(9)prepared(10)prospective

LanguageFocus

I.1.

1)rude2)physically3)structure4)madea

difference5)blurted(out)6)chuckling7)measurable8)

prospective9)preparations10)sparkled11)tookacrack

at12)partner

2.

1)goafter2)lookbackat/on3)beputup4)stoodfor

5)buildin6)followup7)behookedupto8)closedup

3.

1)grilledheraboutwhereshehadbeenallnight

2)beyondCinderella,swildestdreamsthatshecouldonedaydanceinthe

King'spalace

3)willbeinreaders,handssoon

4)doyourhomeworkbeforegoingonaninterview.

5)wasintheneighborhoodof150dollars.

4.

1)applicants,veteran,theprospective

2)Fromhisstandpoint,hasmadeeveryendeavortogoafter

3)asthesayinggoes,tohaveacrackat,barely

ILWordswithMultipleMeanings

1.behave2.usedtoavoidrepetition3.Clean4.getalong

5.perform/complete6.perform/complete7.study8.be

enough9.beacceptable

III.Usage

1.Thereissomuchtosayanditishardtoknowwheretobegin.OK,I’11

talkaboutmyselffirst.

2.Thankyouverymuch,John,foryourbeautifulChristmascard.Bythe

way,Ihavesomethinghereforyou.

3.Thenewcomputerlanguagecanbequiteeasilyunderstoodbyanyonewho

canreadthedailynewspaper.Now,whyisthisanadvantage?

4.I'mgoingtoworkouttheoutlineandwillletyouknowhowitgoes.

Bytheway,IwillseeyouinFebruary,asIplantoattendyourseminar

inShanghai.

5.OK,yougotthejob.Now,howtomaximizeyourprofitswithaslittle

effortaspossible?

6.ChrisisbackfromAustralia.Incidentally,thosepicturesyousentme

arewonderful.

ComprehensiveExercises

I.Cloze

1.

(1)prospective(2)AsIseeit(3)doneyourhomework(4)

beforehand

(5)endeavor(6)structure(7)partners(8)Respond(9)takea

crack

(10)fromthestandpoint(11)makeadifference(12)followup

2.

(1)encouraging(2)inquiry(3)relevant(4)samples

(5)references(6)advice(7)preparing(8)seriously

(9)probably(10)exhibit

II.Translation

1.

1)Despitetheinadequatelengthoftheairstripinthisemergencylanding,

theveteranpilotmanagedtostoptheplaneaftertaxiingforonlya

shortwhile.

2)Grilledbythereporters,themoviestareventuallyblurted(out)that

shehadundergonetwoplasticsurgeries.

3)Wehavethetechnologyandourpartnerhasthecapital.Workingtogether,

we,11havethefutureinourhands.

4)IfIhadknownbeforehandthatyouwouldbringsomanyfriendshome,

Iwouldhavemadebetterpreparations.Yousee,Ihavebarelyenough

foodanddrinksforasnack.

5)Peoplegavegenerouslyuponlearningthatnewschoolroomswithstronger

structuresweretobebuiltintheearthquake-strickenarea.

2.

Wellbegun,halfdone,asthesayinggoes.Itisextremelyimportant

forajobapplicanttodohishomeworkwhileseekingemployment.Frommy

standpoint,whetherornotonehasdonehishomeworkclearlymakesa

differencesinhischanceofsuccess.

Ihaveafriendwhoisearningsomewhereintheneighborhoodof100,000

dollarsayearsinalargecomputersoftwarecompany.Hetoldmethatfrom

hisownexperiencethedecisionmakerswhointerviewprospectiveemployees

likepeoplewhoarewellprepared.Thosewhomakenoendeavortolearnas

muchabouthisprospectiveemployeraspossibledon,thavemuchofachance

ofsuccess.

Unit4

TextA

Textrganization

1.

PartsParagraphsMainIdeas

PartOneParas1-3IntroductiontoDavosManandtheWorld

FrnnoniicPnTiim

PartTwoParas4-5Debateovertheimpactofglobalizationon

currentsocietyandculture

PartThreeParas6-8Historyofglobalizationanditsrecenttrends

nnnnPTTlmca>QCl«IUv•OxOSDcCCo•ii[

Paras.9-11Globalizationversusnationalismandthe

challengesitfaces

2.

MainEvents

1.Davosmanspendsalotoftimeinplacesotherthanhisnativecountry.

2.DavosManseestheiridentityasamaterofpersonalchoice,notan

accidentofbirth.

3.DavosManbelievesthatglobalization,theunimpededflowsofcapital,

laborandtechnologyacrossnationalborders,isbothwelcomeand

unstoppable.

4.DavosManseestheworldincreasinglyasonevast,interconnected

market-placeinwhichcorporationssearchforthemostadvantageous

locationstobuy,produceandselltheirgoodsandservices.

Vocabulary

1)advantageous2)letalone

3)witnessing/vanishing4)landmark

5)entitled6)displace

7)Establishment8)patriotic/strengthen

9)contradictions10)aspires

11)divorced12)pendulums

2.1)cometo2)dozedoff

3)believedin4)wassetapart

5)takein6)sucksin

7)cleanup8)turnaway

3.

1)Forme,itmakesno/littledifferencewhetherwegotherebytrainor

bybus.

2)ToyatahasovertakenGeneralMotorsastheworld'sbiggestcarmaker.

3)Shortlyaftertheirmarriage,Mr.Chamberswasatoddswithhiswifeover

moneymatters.

4)Henryhasbeenattheforefrontofnanotechnologyresearch.

5)Shedoesn,tevenknowhowtoboilpotatoes,letalonecookameal.

5.a)isincreasingly/toaccelerate/theirinvestment

b)economy/makeanearnest/domestic/strikeabalancebetween

c)ahandfulof/beendorsedby/onalargescale

II.WordFormation

WTOWorldTradeOrganization世界贸易组织

GDPGrossdomesticproduct国内生产总值

ATMAutomatedtellermachine自动出纳机

VATValue-addedtax增值税

CADComputer-aideddesign计算机辅助设计

ITInformationtechnology信息技术

IDDInternationaldirectdialing国际直拨电话

MTVMusictelevision音乐电视

RadarRadiodetectingandranging雷达

IOCInternationalOlympicCommittee国际奥委会

VIPVeryimportantperson贵宾，大人物

LaserLightamplificationbystimulated激光

emissionofradiation

CPUCentralprocessingunit中央处理器

IILUsage

1.Anunusualpresent,abookonethics,wasgiventoHenryforhisbirthday.

2.Thereason(hegave)thathedidn,tnoticethecartilltoolatewas

unsatisfactory.

3.Football,hisonlyinterestinlife,hasbroughthimmanyfriends.

4.Cloninghadbeenraisedasapossibilitydecadesago,thendismissed,

somethingthatseriousscientiststhoughtwassimplynotgoingtohappen

anytimesoon.

ComprehensiveExercises

I.Cloze

(A)

2.networking

1.academics

4.growth

3.avarietyof

6.facilitate

5.vanish

8.outlook

7.endorsing

10.patriotic

9.sweepingaside

11.erasing

(B)

1.aided2.effects

3.distances4.connected

5.invested6.features

7.prevailing8.qualitatively

9.volume10.Distinguishing

ILTranslation

1.)DuetohispessimisticoutlookontheEuropeaneconomy,Johnhas

movedhisassetsfromEuropetoelsewhere.

2)Ilikehiringyoungpeople.Theyareearnestlearnersandcommitted

towork.

3)Unlikehergirlfriendswhocentertheirlivesontheir

children,Marycaresmoreaboutherpersonalgrowth.

4)Whyisitthataconsiderablenumberofcolleaguesareatodds

withyou?

5)TheChinesegovernmenthasintroducedavarietyofpolicies

tostrengthencooperationwithdevelopingcountries.

2.

GlobalizationhasgreatimplicationsforyoungChinese.Forexample,

youngfarmersaremovingonalargescaletourbanareastolookforjobs.

Andforthoseyoungpeoplewhoaspiretostudyabroadorworkin

foreign-investedenterprises,Englishhasbecomeincreasinglyimportant.

Atthesametime,aconsiderablenumberofoverseasChinesestudentshave

returnedhomeinrecentyears,fortheyholdanoptimisticoutlookfor

thelong-termgrowthoftheChineseeconomy.Theinternethas

strengthenedthelinksbetweenChineseyoungpeopleandthoseelsewhere.

Theyfollowthelatesttrendandcopyforeignfashions.Someofthem

don'tseemtocarefortraditionalChinesevirtues,letalonecarrythem

forward,whichhasgivenrisetoworriesthatthetraditionalChinese

culturemightonedayvanish.

Unit5TextA

oganization1.

PartsParagraphsMainIdeas

PartOneParas1Itisnoeasytojudgepeople,fortheyaren'talways

whattheyappeartobe

PartTwoParas2-3Kindandgentle,EdwardBurton,awealthymerchant,

appearedasifhecouldnotbeartohurtafly.

PartThreeParas4-51Historyofglobalizationanditsrecenttrendsand

futureprospects

----sections----------—Paragraphs--------------------MainIdeas--------------------------------

sectionOneParas4-16WhatEdwardknewaboutLenny

sectionTwoParas17-31HowEdwardrespondedtoLenny'srequest

sectionThreeParas32-51HowEdward,a"kind"gentleman,handledafriendin

desperateneedofhelp

Vocabulary

±

1)Inaway2)inaccordance3)vacancy4)ingood

condition5)transparent6)rub7)spicy

8)hitherto

9)with(a)badgrace10)instinct11)pawned12)current

2.

1)turnedup2)willstickto3)broughtback4)goabout

5)drivingat6)putaway7)over8)tookaback

1)hasaveryweakconstitution--shemaynotbeabletosurvivethe

operation.

2)wastakenabackbytheinsurancecompany'srejectionofmy

compensationclaim

3)wassomethingofasurprisewhenweranintoeachotherinaplace

likethat.

4)needstrimming/tobetrimmed--it'sgettingtoolong.

5)areoftenseceptive

4.

1)Oddlyenough/wentbroke/wrinkled/hehadgonealltopieces

2)definite/iscapableof/hervanity

3)toomild/sipping/stroke

ILUsage

1.Exceptfor2.exceptthat3.except4.exceptwhen

5.exceptto6.exceptwhat7.exceptwhere8.exceptthat

III.

vocabulary^^----------spelling

AmEBrEAmEBrE

apartmentflatfavorablefavourable

cantinparalyzeparalyse

candysweetslaborlabour

elevatorliftmetermetre

facultystaff(ofacatalogcatalogue

university)

firstgroundfloorlevelinglevelling

floor

gas,petroltheatertheatre

gasoline

mailpostdefensedefence

railroadrailwayplowplough

pantstrousersprogramprogramme

subwaytube,undergroundpracticepractise

(V.)

cornmaizecharactercharacter!s

izee

storeshoptiretyre(ona

car)

Comprehensiveexercises

I.Cloze

1.

1).insane2).current3).candid4).capable5).was

takenaback

6).ingoodcondition7).constitution8).goalltopieces

9).Gonebroke10).vacancy11).mild12).deceptive

2.

1).suspected2).pleading3),confirmed4)stunned

5)lucrative6).jewellery7).wealthy8).urge9).

spell10).arrested

II.Translation

1.

1)IhaveaninstinctthatHenrywillseektojointheexpedition,because

heissomethingofanadventurer.

2)Heiscapableofstickingtothetaskathand,evenifheisexposed

tonoises.

3)Thetrademarkwasregisteredinaccordancewiththelawshithertoin

force.

4)Oddlyenough,manypeoplevolunteeredtohelporganizethemeeting,

butonlyafewturnedup.

5)Theteachersaffectionatewords,alongwithhiscandidcomments,

changedthewayMikeperceivedthesocietyandhimself.

2.

Formyownpart,Ifindthatappearancesarealltoooftendeceptive.

Forinstance,youmightbewrongifyoujudgedbyappearancesonlypeople

likeEdwardHydeBurton.Inappearance,heseemedamanallofapiece.

Hewasatinylittlefellowwithwhitehairandmildblueeyes,gentle

andcandid.Nevertheless,heturnedouttobeverycruel.Heinsulted

andfooledLennywhowasdownandoutandmadehimcommithimselftoan

insaneventure.Whatwasstillmoresurpri