建筑电气外文文献

提高个人生活质量，过他们的智家居的”,两个研究问题流从这一假说什“”“智能住"建造？虽然存在少量的措个项,,很这种整体性的要求也适用于的“”的.医疗保健和障性住房聪明”

性.保持,如老年痴呆监测的关心高级健康和安以减.聪屋些“智”。跌安全（ADL是我ADL.患者和照顾者的活

使用轮椅或究智;评估最术,以提高舒适性和便利性中风患者和,以;评估以监墙面普适计算技“智”)基础设施同样，它.(微型

致/时,这种变化是状(MEMS)等，这些材料可以使用作为微传感器和致动器的MEMSMEMS学MEMS研卡门于SMAMEMS。器“智能屋的,以家庭内的,

扰信(等线.新的天线设计，优化所需的数据传输率求,可以考虑。求“”:存成本权衡。不同的无线网络配置的测量和分析，以便确定适当.保健监测的目的,这些服务之间的性踪等入括这些一个合适

作,将系统中的我们在一这样的系统根据以适,“定取”的是“”基于是式,

无处，”究人图建立一(部作设计式的因初步框架，随后将作为智能家居的软件系统的基础这个初架,它可以表(或)已（V&VV＆V）普适计算的问题，房子会提供一个测试床。房子将被用辆以V&V技有,预计这种基础设施所提供的设施，“标杆的网V＆V活其他技术域：

统加究:部,需要适当的控制以防止由于热冲击.天然气和电力的VolvoPenta:中余的期

Increasingindividualsqualityoflifeviatheirintelligenthypothesisofthisprojectis:individual’squalityoflifeintegrating“intelligenttechnologyintotheirenvironment。Thishypothesisisverybroad,hencethewillinvestigateitwithtovarious,potentiallyover-lapping,sub-sectionsofthepopulation。Inparticulartheprojectwillfocussub-sectionswithhealth-careneeds,itisbelievedthatthesesub-sectionswillreceivethegreatestbenefitfromthisapproachtohousing.questionsflowfromthishypothesis：whatarethehealth-careissuesthatvia“intelligenthousing",whatarethetechnologicalissuestoto“intelligenthousing”toWhileasmallnumberofinitiatives，outside，whichclaimtoinvestigatethisarea,nonetheglobalvisionofthisarea.toinsmallareaswithonlylimitedideaofhowtheindividualcontributetowardsagreatergoal。Thisprojectaverystrongofwhatitistryingtoattemptbelievesthatwithoutthisglobaldirectiontheotherinitiativeswillfailtoaddressthelargeimportantissueswithinvariouspartsofthisproposal,andthatwiththecorrectglobaldirectiontheofthepartswillproducegreatertheindividualThisfieldparallelswiththefieldofprocessengineering,whereproductsfailduetoonlyconsideringsub-setoftheissues,typicallythesubset。Successfulprojectsimplementationsonlystartedflowwhenpeoplestartedtorealizethatholisticessential。holisticalsoappliestothefieldof“smartifwegenuinelywantittohavebenefittotheratherthanjusttechnologicalinterest.Havingsaidthis,muchoftheworkoutlinedbelowisextremelyimportantandcontainsagreatdealofnoveltywithintheirindividualtopics。Health-CareandSupportivehousing：Todate，therelittlecoordinatedonhow“smart”technologiescanassistfrailseniorsinathome，and/orreducethecosts

experiencedbytheirinformalcaregivers.，thepurposeoftheproposedistotheusefulnessofvarietyofresidentialtechnologiesinhelpingseniorsmaintaintheirindependenceinhelpingcaregiverssustaintheircaringactivitiesoveralloftheresearchistotwogroupsofseniors.Thefirstisseniorsdischargedfromacutesettingwiththepotentialforreducedabilitytoindependent。Anexampleisseniorswhohavehipreplacementsurgery.Thisgroupbenefitfromtechnologiesthatwouldhelpadaptedtotheirmobility。isseniorsachronichealthsuchasdementiaandwhoarereceivingassistancefromaninformalcaregiverlivingatdistanceInformalcaregiverslivingatdistancefromthecared—forseniorathighriskofcaregiverburnout.Monitoringthecared-forseniorforhealthandsafetyisoneoftheimportanttaskssuchcaregivers.Devicessuchfloorsensors(towhethertheseniorhasfallenandaccesscontrolstosafetyfromintrudersortoindicateelopementbyseniorwithdementiacouldreducecaregivertimetomonitorthesenior.Forsamples,trialsconsistofextendedperiodsofwithinthe‘smarthouse’.Samplesofseniorsbeingfromcarewouldberecruitedfromhospitals.SamplesofseniorscaredforbyinformalcaregiversatdistancecouldrecruiteddementiadiagnosisclinicsorthroughrequestfromcaregiversforrespiteLimitedofclinicalandhealthserviceconductedseniors（withcomplexhealthproblemsincontrolledenvironmentssuchthatbythe“smartForexample，itisknownthatnightvisionoftheispoorbutthereisverylittleinformationregardingtheoptimumleveloflightingafterwakeningorfornightactivitiesFallingisamajorissueforolderpersons;itresultsininjuries,disabilitiesandadditionalhealthcarecosts.Forwithdementingillnessessafetyisthekeyissueduringperformanceoftheactivitiesofdailyliving。ItisvitalforustoabletomonitorwherepatientsfallduringADL.Patientscaregiversactivities

wouldbeandwillbecollectedinthefollowingconditions。Projectswouldconcentratesub-populations，withaviewtocollectingscientificabouttheirconditionstheoftechnologytheirlifestyles.Forexample：-Personswithstablechronicdisabilityfollowingastrokeandtheircaregivers:toresearchoptimummodels,typesandlocationofvarioussensorsforpatients（thesepatientsneglect,hemiplegia，andjudgmentproblemstopatternofduringtheambulation,ofchairsorvarioustypeoffloormaterialtoresearchcaregiverssupporte-healthtechnologytomonitorfrequenciesandlocationofthefalls;toevaluatetheofsmartappliancesforstrokepatientsandcaregivers;toevaluateinformationcommunicationsetupfor—homecare;toevaluateinterfaceforTele-homecarestaffclientstoevaluatethemosteffectivewayoflightingthevariouspartofthehouse;toordevelopnewtocomfortandconvenienceofstrokepatientsandcaregivers;toevaluatethevalueofsurveillanceinassistingcaregivers.PersonswithAlzheimer’stheircaregivers：toevaluatetheeffectofsmarthouseenvironment)ontheirabilitytoself-carewithwithoutpromptingtoevaluatetheirabilitytounfamiliarequipmentinthesmarthouse;toevaluateandmonitorpersonswithAlzheimer’sdiseasemovementpattern;toevaluateandmonitorfallsortoevaluatethetypeandmodelofsensorstomonitorpatients;toevaluatetheeffectofwallcolorforpatientsgivers;toevaluatethevalueoflighting.-Ubiquitous：ubiquitousinfrastructureisviewedthebackboneofthe“intelligencewithinthehouse.Inwithallubiquitoustheprimarycomponentswiththissystemwillbe：thearrayofsensors,thecommunicationinfrastructurethesoftwarecontrol（basedsoftware）infrastructureAgain，itisessentialthatthistopicisinvestigatedholistically

Sensordesign:focusofherewillbeof(micro)sensorarraysusingsmartmaterials,g.piezoelectricmaterials，magnetostrictivematerialsmemoryalloys（SMAs).InparticularareclassofsmartmaterialsthatattractiveforandactuatingapplicationsprimarilyoftheirextraordinarilyhighworkratiocomparedtoothersmartmaterialsSMAsasolid-solidtransformationsubjectedtoanappropriateofmechanicalthermalload，resultinginamacroscopicindimensionsand；thisisrecoverablebyreversingthemechanicalloadingisasshapememoryeffect.Duetothismaterialfeature，canasasensoractuator.AveryrecentdevelopmentisanefforttoincorporateSMAsinsystems（MEMS)thatthesematerialsintegralpartsofactuatorsanareaofactivitywhereoftheisforpossiblecommercialapplicationstoemerge。Someexamplesare—chemicalanalyzershumidityandsensors,forflowcontrol,syntheticjetactuatorsandoptical（forthenextgenerationinternetIncorporatingSMAsinisrelativelyeffortinthe；tothebestofourknowledgeonlyonegroup(Prof.GregMechanical，UniversityofCalifornia,Angeleshassuccessfullydemonstratedthepropertiesof—basedMEMS.thefocuswillbetotheandactuationcapabilitiesofsmartmaterialstoandfabricateusefulandviablemicro-sensorsandactuators.Communications:Constructionanduseof“intelligenthouse”offersextensiveopportunitiestoandverifytheoperationofwirelessandwiredhome-basedcommunicationservices.Whileofthesealreadywidely，oftheissueshavereceivedlittleorattentionItistoinvestigatethefollowingissues:-

ofchannelstatisticsinresidentialoftheindoorwirelesschannelstatisticsiscriticalforenablingtheof

efficienttransmittersreceivers,aswelldeterminingappropriatelevelsofsignal，datatransferrates,modulationtechniques,errorcontrolcodesforthewirelesslinksInterference，channeldistortion,spectrallimitationsthatarisesasresultofforthedisabled(wheelchairs,IVstands,monitoring，etcisofparticularinterest-，analysis,andverificationofantennasforindoorwirelesscommunications。IndoorwirelesspresenttheneedforcompactantennasNewantennadesigns,optimizedfordesiredrates,ofoperation，spatialrequirements,couldbeconsidered。-Verificationandanalysisofoperationofindoorwirelessnetworks:wirelessforrecentlybeenIntegrationoforofintothesmartprovidetheopportunitytoverifytheoperationof，theirlimitations,andtheover-designedtomeettypicalrequirements.-ofeffectivewiringplansfor“smart。"：thereexistperformance/costtradeoffsregardingwiredandwirelessinfrastructure。

andanalysisofvariouswirelessnetworkconfigurationswillallowfordeterminationofappropriatenetworkdesigns-ofcoordinatingindoorsystemswithcommunicationindoorwirelessnetworkslocaltothevicinityoftheresidence.Thereexistbroader-scalenetworks,suchasthecellular，fixedwirelessnetworks,andsatellite—basednetworks.Theviabilityusefulnessofcompatibilityservicesforthepurposesofhealth—caremonitoring，thetrackingofpatients，etcneedstoconsidered.AgentstheirEngineering:Ancanconsideredtheequivalentofsupplyingafriendlyexpertwithaproduct。forIntelligentBuildingsnumberofchallengesattheleveloftheaswelltheresultingdetailed。Projectsinthisarea

willinclude-Architecturesforlargeagentsystemsforinhabitedenvironmentsuccessfulofagentinresidential/extendedenvironmentsrequirestheofnewarchitecturesforthesesuitablearchitecturesimpleandflexibletoprovideefficientagentoperationinrealtime.Atthetime,itshouldbehierarchicalandrigidtoallowenforcementofrulesandrestrictionsensuringsafetyoftheinhabitantsofthebuildingcontradictoryhavetoresolvedbydesigningarchitecturethatwillsharedbyallagentsinthe-RobustDecisionandControlStructuresfor：toachievelifelonglearningabilities，theagentsneedtoequippedwithpowerfulforlearningadaptation。Iendtodevelophybridlearningseverallearningrepresentationinanemergentfashion.willapplydifferentapproachesontheirownmaturityandtheoftoadapttosituationorlearnnewbehaviors.Tocopewithhighlevelsofnon—determinism(fromsourcesasinteractionwithunpredictableusersrobustwillbedesignedandcapableofdealingwithdifferenttypesofuncertainty(babilisticfuzzyuncertainty)usingadvancedforsensoryfusion，andinferencebasedonofintelligence-modelingofreal-worldobjectsincludingindividualhereare:“thelocatingandextractingofinformationessentialforrepresentationofpersonalityandhabitsofindividual;developmentofsystemsthat“followadopttoindividualbehavior.solutions,basedandevolutionarytechniques,utilize:(1)clustering，classificationtressandassociationdiscoveryfortheclassificationpartitionofimportantrelationshipsdifferentattributesforvariousfeaturestoindividual,thisisanessential

infindingbehavioralpatternsofanindividual;（2）neuro-fuzzyrule-basedsystemswithlearningadaptationcapabilitiesusedtodevelopmodelsofindividual’scharacteristics,thisisessentialforestimationpredictionofpotentialactivitiesforwardplanning.-Investigationofframeworkcharacteristicsforubiquitouscomputing:Considerdistributedinternet-basedwhichhavetheinwithubiquitoushere，thelargestimpactisnotfromspecificsoftwareengineeringbutisfromavailablesoftwareor‘toolkits’,allowtherapidconstructionandofofthesystemsinareas。，itisthattheconstructionoftheubiquitouscomputinginfrastructureforthe“smarthouse”alsobeutilizedasasoftwareengineering。Researcherswouldstartbyvisitingthefewgenuineubiquitouscomputinginexistencetoday,totrytobuildinitialpictureofthefunctionalityoftheframework。（Thishasobviouslyparallelswiththeapproachof，Helm，Vlissidesdeployedfortheirgroundbreaking“designpatterns”.Unfortunatelyincomparisontotheir，thesamplesizeherewillbe，hence,additionalworkwillrequiredtoreliableanswersThisinitialframeworkwillbethebasisofthesmarthousessoftwarethisinitialwillsubstantiallyevolveduringtheconstructionofthesystem,theofubiquitousenvironmentunfold.ItisbelievedthatsuchcloseintheconstructionofisnecessaryinatrulyusefulreliableartifactBytheoftheconstructionphase,itisexpectedtoastablewhichdemonstratethatalargenumberofessentialcharacteristics（orpatterns)foundforubiquitouscomputing。-ValidationandVerification（V&V）issuesforubiquitousitishopedthatthewillprovidetest-bedforinvestigatingvalidationverification（V＆V)issuesforubiquitous。willbe

asvehicletoifV&Vtechniques,toolsorapproachesusefulwithinthisenvironment。Further，itistothistrialfacilityavailabletoresearcherstoincreasetheofthis