人教版七年级英语下册第八单元知识点总结

Unit8Isthereapostofficenearhere?重点单词和短语post

office

邮局go

straight沿着….直走

policestation警察局turn

right=turntotheright向右拐

pay

phone

投币式公用电话turnleft=turntotheleft向左转on

the

Fifth

Avenue

在第五大街

goalong=walkalong=godown沿着……走across

from

在….对面onone’sleft在某人的左边next

to

紧靠…ontheright在右边between…and….在…和…之间atthefirstcrossing在第一个十字路口in

front

of

在…前面welcome

to…欢迎到…..

in

the

neighborhood在附近a

house

with

a

beautiful

garden

一个带漂亮花园的nearhere在这附近enjoyreading享受阅读take

a

walk=haveawalk

散步looklike看起来take

a

taxi

乘出租车have

a

good

trip

旅途愉快the

way

to

…去….的路上have

fun

玩到开心重点单词和短语1.There

be

句型

结构：There

be+sb./sth.

+地点

表示“在某地有某人或某物”（there

是引导词，没有词义；be

是谓语动词；某人/物是主语，地点作状语，多为介词短语）

E.g.There

is

a

bank

in

the

neighborhood.

There

be

句型的谓语动词be在人称和数上应以后面的第一个名词保持一致。▲如果后面的名词是可数名词单数或不可数名词，谓语动词用is.

E.g.There

is

some

salad

on

the

table

.

▲如果后面的名词是可数名词复数，谓语

动词用are.

E.g.There

are

some

students

in

the

classroom.

▲如果There

be

句型中有多个名词，be

动词通常与第一个名词保持人称和数的一致。

E.g.There

is

a

boy

and

two

girls

in

the

room.Therearetwogirlsandaboyintheroom.

(3)There

be

句型的一般疑问句：将be

动词提到句首。

→

Arethere

any

students

in

the

classroom?肯定回答：Yes,there

is

/are.

否定回答：No,there

isn’t/aren’t.

E.g.—Is

there

a

bank

near

here?

—Yes,

there

is

./No

,there

isn’t.

(4)There

be

句型的否定句：在be

后加notE.g.There

is

a

post

office

near

hear.

→There

isn’t

a

post

office

near

hear.

There

be

句型的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词（组）+be+there+其他E.g.There

are

threepensinmyschoolbag.(请对划线部分进行提问).

→Howmanypensarethereinyourschoolbag?【拓展】therebe和have都表示“有...”，但有所区别：①含义不同。therebe结构表示的是“某地有某物/人”，强调“存在关系”；have则表示“某人/某物所有”，强调“所属关系”。E.g.Thereisabusinourfactory.Ourfactoryhasabus.②句型不同。therebe结构的句型为“Therebe+某物/某人+某地”，否定句是把not放在be之后，疑问句是把be提到句首；have句型为“某人/某物+have/has+某物/某人”，否定句通常是在have前加don’t(has前加doesn’t)，疑问句是在句首加do（第三人称单数加does）。E.g.Thereisn’tacatunderthechair.Shedoesn’thavetwobrothers.③用thereis或thereare还是用have或has均取决于句子的主语。但therebe句型里有两个或多个并列主语时，be习惯上和最靠近的那个在数上保持一致。E.g.Thereisabikeunderthetree.Therearesomebikesunderthetree.Thereisanappleandtwoorangesonthetable.Youhaveanewbook./Youhavesomenewbooks.Hehasanewbook./Hehavesomenewbooks.④当表示某物的构成和组成部分时，用therebe和have均可。E.g.Ourschoolhastwentyclasses.(=Therearetwentyclassesinourschool.)2.acrossfrom意为“在……的对面”，后面接表示地点的名词或代词。E.g.Weliveacrossfromthestreet.Thereisabankacrossfromthelibrary.表示“在……的对面”的短语还有：ontheothersideof...Thebusstopisontheothersideoftheriver.②beoppositeto...Thefruitshopisoppositethepostoffice.

3、next

to

表示“在...旁边；靠近；紧挨着”，后接表地点的名词或代词。

E.g.Thepayphoneisnexttothelibrary.The

garden

is

next

tomy

house.

【辨析】near也表示“在...旁边”，但与nextto有所区别：从空间上讲，near只表示“在...旁边；在...附近”而nextto有“紧挨着”之意；也就是说nextto比near靠的更近。试比较：E.g.PetersitsnexttoMike.PetersitsnearTom.4.【辨析】between和among▲between表示“在....中间”，常与and连接，构成短语between....and.....，指在两者之间E.g.IsitbetweenLucyandLily.▲among也表示“在....中间”，指在三者或三者以上的中间。E.g.Mybrotherisamongthoseboys.【辨析】infrontof/inthefrontof都表示“在...前面”infrontof指在物体外部的前面Thereisabankinfrontofthehospitalinthefrontof指在物体内部的前面Theteacher’sdeskisinthefrontoftheclassroom.cross动词表示“横过；越过”E.g.Hehastocrosstherivertoschool.across介词表示“横过；穿过”E.g.Hehastowalkacrosstherivertoschool.Through介词，表示“（从中间）穿过”E.g.gothroughtheforest/park注：across表示从一定范围的一边另一边,动作在物体表面进行。E.g.go/walkacrosstheroad/bridge/street7.spend动词，表示“花（时间、金钱）”①spend…onsth.（名词）“在某事或某物上花费金钱或时间”E.g.Iusuallyspendonehouronmyhomework.Lindaspendstenyuanonthisbook.②spend…(in)doingsth.“花费金钱或时间做某事”E.g.Iusuallyspendonehour(in)doingmyhomework.Sheoftenspendstwentyminutes(in)walkingtoschool.8.pay动词，表示“付钱；付费；付款”（过去式为paid）①payfor+物“付钱买某物”E.g.Hepaidforthebooks.②pay+钱+for+物“付多少钱买某物”E.g.Hepaid200yuanforthebooks.③paysb.somemoneyforsth.E.g.Hepaidher20dollarsfortheshoes.9.see/watch/hearsb.doingsth.表示“看见/观看/听见某人正在做某事”E.g.Ilovetowatchthemonkeysclimbingaround.Ioftenhearsomegirlssingingintheclassroom.10.Togettothepark,youjusthavetocrossCenterStreet.togettothepark是目的状语前置，just起增强语气的作用，和此处的haveto表示“只要，仅需”。E.g.Togetagoodgrade,wemuststudyhard.11.enjoy动词，表示“享受；喜爱”→enjoyableadj.表示“高兴的”①enjoysth./sb.“喜欢某物/某人”E.g.Doyouenjoythisbook?②enjoydoingsth.“喜欢做某事”E.g.Heenjoyslisteningtomusic.③enjoyoneself=havefun=haveagoodtime表示“玩得高兴”E.g.Doyouenjoyyourselftoday?havefun(in)doingsth.“做某事很有乐趣”E.g.Wehavefun(in)learningandspeakingEnglish.easy形容词，表示“容易的”，用来修饰名词→反义词：difficult“困难的”→easily副词，“容易地；轻松地”，用来修饰动词E.g.Thequestionissoeasy.Youcangettothelibraryeasily.It’sone’sturntodosth.表示“轮到某人做某事”E.g.Itisourturntocleantheclassroom.→taketurnstodosth.表示“轮流去做某事”E.g.Taketurnstocleantheblackboard.14.the

way

to

+地点

表示“去…的路”

E.g.Can

you

tell

me

the

way

to

the

post

office?

15.ThengodownBridgeStreetandturnleftatNewPark.godown意为“往前走”。turnleft/right意为“向左/右拐”。在英语中表示“往前走”的短语还有go/walkup,go/walkdown,go/walkalong等。E.g.Turnrightandgostraightalongthisroad.重点句型（一）问路1)Excuseme,whereisthe….?2)Excuseme,istherea...nearhere?3)Excuseme,whichisthewayto...?4)Excuseme,canyoutellmethewayto(去……的路)..?5)Excuseme,howcanIgetto...?6)Excuseme,canyoutellmehowIcangetto...?=Excuseme,canyoutellmehowtogetto...（二）提供问路信息时，可以说：（1）Goalong/down/upthisstreet/road.（2）Go

straight

ahead

and

turn

left

at

the

third

traffic

lights.

（3）Takethesecondturning/crossingontheright/left.=

Turnleft/rightatthesecondturning/crossing.（4）Goonuntilyoureachtheend.

/Goalongthisroadtotheend.

（5）You'llseethe…ontheright/left.

（6）It'snexttothe…/infrontofthe…/behindthe…/ontheleft(right)of…（7）TaketheNo.…busanditwilltakeyouthere.（8）Youcan'tmissit.意思是“It'sveryeasytofind!TestforUnit8I、词汇A、根据汉语、首字母及句子意思补全单词。1.Theparknearmyhomeisveryd_________,Idon’tliketogothere.2.Intheg_________,therearesomevegetables.3.Isthereaschoolinthe___________(附近)?4.Weseeherwhenshep________theclassroom.5.Go___________(穿过)thestreetwhenthelight(灯)isgreen.6.I’mvery___________(饥饿的),Iwantsomefoodtohave.7.Howdoyou___________(抵达)attheairport?B、根据所给单词填入正确的形式。8.Thegirlsenjoy____________(see)comedies.9.Ihopethe__________(begin)ofourtourishappy.10.Theyhavefun__________(walk)inthepark.11.Doyouenjoy___________(you)atthebirthdayparty?12.Godown____________(three)Streetandturnright.II、单项选择()1.________thereabanknearhere?A.AmB.IsC.AreD.Be()2.Ourschoolis______abank.A.nextB.nexttoC.betweenD.betweenand()3.---_____isthepark?---It’sonCenterStreet.A.WhatB.WhenC.WhereD.How()4.Thesupermarketis_____FifthAvenue.A.onB.throughC.betweenD./()5.Thelibraryis_____therestaurantandthesupermarket.A.nextB.nearC.betweenD.across()6.---Whereareyou______?---Beijing.A.onB.fromC.comeD.comefrom()7.Is_____apayphoneintheneighborhood?A.thisB.thereC.thatD.the()8.---_____canIgettothepostoffice?---Godownthisroadandturnleft.A.WhereB.WhatC.HowD.When()9.---Isthereasupermarket?---No,_____.A.thisisnotB.thereisn’tC.itisn’tD.therearen’t()10.Thereisn’t_____cleanpark.A.theB.aC.anD./()11.Thisisanicecity______manyinterestingplaces.A.ofB.withC.onD.and()12.BridgeStreetisagoodplace_______.A.havefunB.tohavefunC.havingfunD.tofun()13.---Isthereapayphone_______theneighborhood?---Yes,it’s____CenterStreet____theright.A.in,down,onB.on,on,isC.in,on,isD.on,down,on()14.Canyoutellmetheway______thepostoffice?A.toB.onC.atD.of()15.Youcangetmoneyinthe______andyoucangetbooksinthe______.A.postoffice,bankB.bank,gardenC.bank,libraryD.library,bankIII、介词填空，在空格处填入一个适当的介词。1.Thelibraryis_________thepayphoneandthesupermarket.2.Takeawalk__________theparkonCenterAvenue.3.Thatisapicture__________myfamily.4.Thereisabank__________CenterStreet.5.Thebroom(扫帚)is__________thedoor,wecan’tseeit.V、阅读理解It’sSunday.It’sfine.Tomdoesnotgotoschooltoday.Butheisnotathome.He’snowsitting(坐)onaChinesebus.Heisgoingtothemoviehouse.Allhisclassmates(同学)willgotoseeamoviethisafternoon.HisteacherMrWangwillgothere,too.Theywillmeetat2:00p.m.atthegate(门口)ofthemoviehouse.Anoldmangetson(上车)thebus.Tomstandsupandsays(说)totheoldman,“Comeandsithere,please.”Theoldmangoesoverandsitsdown.Hesays,“Thankyouverymuch,myboy.Youareagoodstudent.”Tomanswers,“You’rewelcome.”“Whatschoolareyouin?”theoldmanasksTom.“IaminNo.2MiddleSchool.”Tomanswers.“No.2?That’sagoodschool.Mysonisateacherthere.HeisanEnglishteacher.”Theoldmansays.“Englishteacher?Excuseme,grandpa.What’syourson’sname,please?”Tomasks.“MrWang,”saystheoldman.“Ah,ah,heismyEnglishteacher.”Justthen,thebusstopsnearthemoviehouse.Tomsaysgoodbyetotheoldmanandgetsoff(下车)thebus.Theoldmansmiles(微笑)toTom.()1.Inthesentence(句子)“thebusstopsnearthemoviehouse”.“stop”means(意思是)______.A.车站B.开C.关D.停()2.Which(哪一句)isright?A.It’sSaturdaytoday.B.It’snotfinetoday.C.TomgoestoschoolonSunday.D.TomisastudentofNo.2MiddleSchool.()3.MrWangis_____.A.athometodayB.theoldman’ssonC.theoldman’sfatherD.aChineseteacher()4.WhatdoyouthinkofTom?A.Tomisagoodstudent.B.Tomisabad(坏的)student.C.Hedoeswrong(错)things.D.Heisagoodteacher.()5.Whichisright?A.TomgoestothemoviehouseonanEnglishcar.B.OnlyTomandhisteachergotothemoviehousetoseeamovie.C.Theygotothemoviehouseforameeting(会议).D.Theoldman’ssonisTom’sEnglishteacher.VI、完形填空MynameisDaisy.I1myparentsinanapartment(公寓).Theapartmentison2floorofatallbuilding(建筑物).314floorsandacarparkinthebasement(地下室).Myfatherparks(停放)his4there.Ourapartmentisn’tinthecenter5thecity.It’s3km6thecenter.Myfatherworksinthecity,7hegoestowork8everymorning.Hedoesn’tdrive(驾驶)hiscar.Heuses(用)hiscaronlyat9.Thenhe10ustothecountryortothebeach(海滩).()1.A.liveinB.livewithC.have()2.A.sixB.sixthC.thesixth()3.A.