2023版高考英语一轮复习第1部分Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina课时作业外研版必修3

PAGEPAGE2Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChinaⅠ.阅读理解Aeq\x(导学号58082307)MostpeopleknowthatMarieCuriewasthefirstwomantowintheNobelPrize,andthefirstpersontowinittwice.However,fewpeopleknowthatshewasalsothemotherofaNobelPrizewinner.BorninSeptember,1897,IreneCuriewasthefirstoftheCuries'twodaughters.Alongwithnineotherchildrenwhoseparentswerealsofamousscholars,Irenestudiedintheirownschool,andhermotherwasoneoftheteachers.ShefinishedherhighschooleducationattheCollegeofSévignéinParis.IreneenteredtheUniversityofParisin1914toprepareforadegreeinmathematicsandphysics.WhenWorldWarIbegan,Irenewenttohelphermother,whowasusingX－rayfacilities(设备)tohelpsavethelivesofwoundedsoldiers.IrenecontinuedtheworkbydevelopingX－rayfacilitiesinmilitaryhospitalsinFranceandBelgium.HerserviceswererecognisedintheformofaMilitaryMedalbytheFrenchgovernment.In1918,Irenebecamehermother'sassistantattheCurieInstitute.InDecember1924,FredericJoliotjoinedtheInstitute,andIrenetaughthimthetechniquesrequiredforhiswork.Theysoonfellinloveandweremarriedin1926.TheirdaughterHelenewasbornin1927andtheirsonPierrefiveyearslater.Likehermother,Irenecombinedfamilyandcareer.Likehermother,IrenewasawardedaNobelPrize,alongwithherhusband,in1935.Unfortunately,alsolikehermother,shedevelopedleukemiabecauseofherworkwithradioactivity(辐射能).IreneJoliot－CuriediedfromleukemiaonMarch17,1956.文章大意：本文为记叙文。诺贝尔奖得主MarieCurie众所周知，但她的女儿IreneCurie却鲜为人知，她同样是一位诺贝尔奖获得者。1．WhywasIreneCurieawardedaMilitaryMedal?_B__A．Becauseshereceivedadegreeinmathematics.B．Becauseshecontributedtosavingthewounded.C．BecauseshewontheNobelPrizewithFrederic.D．Becausesheworkedasahelpertohermother.[解析]事实细节题。根据第三段的第二句和第三句可知，IreneCurie帮助母亲用X光设备来救治伤员，在法国和比利时的军事医院中，她仍继续这项工作，并改良了X光设备。她因此被授予一枚“军事奖章〞。2．WheredidIreneCuriemeetherhusbandFredericJoliot?_A__A．AttheCurieInstitute.B．AttheUniversityofParis.C．Atamilitaryhospital.D．AttheCollegeofSévigné.[解析]事实细节题。由倒数第二段可知，1918年，Irene在CurieInstitute成了她妈妈的一名助手，1924年，FredericJoliot也进入了CurieInstitute，两人从此结识。故两人认识的地点应该为CurieInstitute。3．WhenwasthesecondchildofIreneCurieandFredericJoliotborn?_A__A．In1932. B．In1927.C．In1897. D．In1926.[解析]事实细节题。根据倒数第二段的最后一句可知，他们的女儿Helene出生于1927年，5年后儿子出生了，即第二个孩子在1932年出生。4．InwhichofthefollowingaspectswasIreneCuriedifferentfromhermother?_C__A．Ireneworkedwithradioactivity.B．Irenecombinedfamilyandcareer.C．IrenewontheNobelPrizeonce.D．Irenediedfromleukemia.[解析]推理判断题。由首段可知，MarieCurie获得了两次诺贝尔奖，但根据最后一段可知，IreneCurie只获得了一次诺贝尔奖，这是母女俩的不同之处。由最后一段可排除选项A、B和D。B(2022·海淀区期中)eq\x(导学号58082308)Speed－readingisanecessaryskillintheInternetage.Weskimoverarticles,e－mailsandWechattotrytograspkeywordsandtheessentialmeaningofacertaintext.Surroundedwithinformationfromourelectronicdevices,itwouldbeimpossibletocopeifwereadwordbyword,linebyline.Butanewtrendcallsonpeopletounplugandenjoyreadingslowly,listingbenefitsbeyondtheintelligentstimulation.ArecentstoryfromTheWallStreetJournalreportedonabookclubinWellington,NewZealand,wheremembersmeetinacafeandturnofftheirsmartphones.Theysinkintocozychairsandreadinsilenceforanhour.Unliketraditionalbookclubs,thepointoftheslowreadingclubisn'texchangingideasaboutacertainbook,buttogetawayfromelectronicdevicesandreadinaquiet,relaxedenvironment.AccordingtotheJournal,theWellingtonbookclubisjustoneexampleofamovementstartedbybookloverswhomisstheold－fashionedwayofreadingbeforetheInternetandsmartphones.Slowreaders,suchasTheAtlantic'sMauraKelly,sayaregularreadinghabitsharpensthemind,improvesconcentration,reducesstresslevelsanddeepenstheabilitytosympathize.AnotherstudypublishedlastyearinScienceshowedthatreadingnovelshelpspeopleunderstandothers'mentalstatesandbeliefs,afundamentalskillinbuildingrelationships.Yettechnologyhasmadeuslessattentivereaders.Screenshavechangedourreadingpatternsfromthestraightandleft－to－rightsequencetoawildskimmingandskippingpatternaswehuntforimportantwordsandinformation.Readingtextpunctuatedwithlinksleadstoweakercomprehensionthanreadingplaintext.TheInternetmayhavemadeusstupider,saysPatrickKingsleyfromTheGuardian.BecauseoftheInternet,hesays,wehavebecomeverygoodatcollectingawiderangeofinterestingnews,butwearealsograduallyforgettinghowtositback,reflect,andrelateallthesefactstoeachother.Slowreadingmeansareturntoanuninterrupted,straightpattern,inaquietenvironmentfreeofdistractions.Aimfor30minutesaday,advisesKellyfromTheAtlantic.“Youcansqueezeinthathalfhourprettyeasilyifonlyduringyourfreemoments,youpickupameaningfulworkofliterature，〞Kellysaid.“Reachforyoure－reader,ifyoulike.KindlesmakebookslikeWarandPeacelessheavy,notlesssubstantive,andalsoensureyou'llneverloseyourplace.〞文章大意：在网络世纪，快读是一项根本技能。但是最近有一个新趋势——慢读。慢读有很多好处。5．ThebookclubinWellingtonmentionedinParagraph2shows_B__.A．thedeclineofelectronicdevicesB．thenewtrendofslowreadingC．theimportanceofexchangingideasD．theincreasingnumberofclubreaders[解析]推理判断题。Wellington的读书俱乐部是一个例证，证明了第一段最后一句话“最近有慢读的新趋势〞。6．AccordingtoPatrickKingsley,peoplearestupiderpartlybecauseof_C__.A．anon－stopreadingpatternB．thestraight,left－to－rightscreenC．thelackofreflectionD．awiderangeofinterestingnews[解析]细节理解题。由第三段最后一句话“BecauseoftheInternet,hesays,wehavebecomeverygoodatcollectingawiderangeofinterestingnews,butwearealsograduallyforgettinghowtositback,reflect,andrelateallthesefactstoeachother.〞可知，人们变笨是因为我们缺乏思考。7．Accordingtothepassage,slowreading_D__.A．curesthememorylossofelderlypeopleB．promotesthecurrenttechnologyadvancesC．providespeoplewithaquietenvironmentD．contributestounderstandingamongpeople[解析]细节理解题。由第三段第二句话“AnotherstudypublishedlastyearinScienceshowedthatreadingnovelshelpspeopleunderstandothers'mentalstatesandbeliefs,afundamentalskillinbuildingrelationships.〞可知。8．What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?_C__A．BenefitofReadingClubs.B．ReadingoftheInternetAge.C．ReturnofSlowReading.D．InfluenceofSpeedReading[解析]主旨大意题。由文章的意思可知。Ⅱ.七选五eq\x(导学号58082309)(2022·河南百校联盟高三质监)Manypeopleadmitthattheyaren'tpreparedfinanciallyforlife'sunexpectedchallengesandemergencies.IfyourNewYear'sdecisionistobecomemorefinanciallypreparedfora“rainyday〞，thefollowingtipsarehelpfulforyoutosave.Startsavingnow.Setspecificsavingsgoalsandbreakthemdowntoasetdollaramounttosaveeachpaycheck._1.D__Saveatleastasmallportionofeachpaycheckandremaincommittedtosaving,andthenlookforwayseachmonthtoincreasetheamount._2.A__Oneofthesimplestwaystofindmoneytoputtowardyourrainydayfundistokeepacloseeyeonwhereyourmoneyisbeingspent.Fortwoorthreemonths,trykeepingtrackofeveryexpense,includingsmallones.Onceyouhaveabetterideaofwhereyourmoneyisgoing,makeabudgetthatincludesaspendingandsavingsplan._3.F__Makesavingautomatic._4.E__Ifyourgoalistosave$5,000thisyear,calculatetheamountyou'llneedtosavefromeachpaycheck,thenarrangetohaveitautomaticallysavedintoyoursavingsaccounteachtimeyougetpaid.Visityourbankbranchandaskabankerifyoucansetupautomatictransfersintoyoursavingsaccount.Goonaspendingdiet.Avoidspendinganymoneyonnon－essentialsfor30daysandchallengeyourselftosaveasmuchasyoucantoputtowardyourrainydayfund._5.G__Thenmakealistanddeterminenottospendontheseitemsforonemonth.A．Trackyourspending.B．Putyoursavingstowork.C．Doremember:Actionsalwaysspeaklouderthanwords.D．Theimportantthingistostartsavingnow,nomatterhowlittle.E．Treatyourrainydayaccountlikeyou'dtreatanyotherfinancialobligation(债务)．F．Reviewyourbudgetattheendofeverymonthanddetermineifyourspendingisinlinewithyourplan.G．Reviewyourbudgetandidentifyextraornon－essentialexpenses,suchaseatingout,shopping,entertainment,etc.文章大意：许多人都想存款，以备不时之需，那究竟如何做呢？[解析]1.本段的中心话题就是存款从此时此刻开始，而且该空后面的“Saveatleastasmallportionofeachpaycheck...〞也说明了与D项的“nomatterhowlittle〞相照应。2．本段话中的“Fortwoorthreemonths,trykeepingtrackofeveryexpense,includingsmallones.〞这个句子已经暗示了要记录你的日常开销。3．本段话讨论的是如何记录自己的日常开销，因此F项与本段相符合。4．本段话的主题就是让银行自动转存成为你攒钱的好方式，像归还其它债务一样来储蓄，因此选E项。5．该空后的“Thenmakealistanddeterminenottospendontheseitemsforonemonth.〞暗示了答案为G项。Ⅲ.语法填空eq\x(导学号58082310)阅读下面材料，在空白上填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2022·湖南郴州质检)WhenIwasyoung，myparentsandI_1.moved__(move)toNewYorkfromChina.AlthoughwenowliveintheU．S.，wefollowthecustomsand_2.traditions__(tradition)ofChina.Ihavelearnedtospeakseverallanguages，English_3.included__(include)．Ieatallkindsoffoodsandcelebratedifferentholidays_4.which/that__havesomethingtodowithculture.However，there_5.are__(be)manydisadvantagesofbeingpartoftwocultures.Sometimes，speakingalanguageathomeandspeakinganotherlanguageinschoolcangetconfusing.Sometimes，Ihavetrouble_6.expressing__(express)mythoughtsinEnglishbecausetheydon'tunderstandmewell.SometimesmyculturedoesmakemefeelfarawayfromothersbecauseIfeeltoo_7.different__(differently)．Iamcloserto_8.my__(I)cultureofChinathanthatoftheU．S..Idon'tlistentoEnglishmusicas_9.much/often__asIlistentoChinesemusic.Therefore，Ifeelveryfaraway_10.from__myfriendswhenIdon'tknowwhatsongtheyaretalkingabout.文章大意：本文讲述了作者从中国到美国后所经历的文化差异。[解析]1.考查动词的时态。句意：小时候，我和父亲就从中国搬到了纽约。根据时间状语从句WhenIwasyoung可知，应用一般过去时，故填moved。2．考查名词单复数。句意：尽管我们现在住在美国，但我们还遵循着中国的风俗和传统。tradition为可数名词，and连接两个并列结构，根据customs可知，tradition也要用复数形式。故填traditions。3．考查非谓语动词。句意：我已经学会说几种语言了，包括英语。逻辑主语English与动词include之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填过去分词included。4．考查定语从句。句意：我吃各种食物，庆祝与文化有关的不同节日。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词holidays，且在从句中作主语。故填which/that。5．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，处于两种文化之间有很多弊端。全文主体时态为一般现在时，讲述的是一般事实，故本句也应用一般现在时；therebe句型中，be动词的数应与离它最近的名词保持一致。此处disadvantages是复数形式，be动词也应用复数形式。故填are。6．考查固定搭配。句意：有时，我很难用英语表达我的思想，因为他们不太懂我的意思。havetrouble(in)doingsth.是固定搭配，意为“做某事有困难〞。故填expressing。7．考查词性转换。句意：有时候我的文化使我感觉离其他人很远，因为我的感觉跟他们不太一样。系动词feel后接形容词。故填different。8．考查代词。句意：与美国文化相比，我更接近中国文化。设空处修饰名词，应用形容词性主代词。故填my。9．考查副词。句意：我听的英文歌曲没有中文歌曲多。分析句子结构可知，这是一个比拟状语从句。根据下一句可知，作者对英文歌曲不太熟，因此可以推断作者听的英文歌曲不多或不太经常听。故填much或often。10．考查介词。句意：因此，当我不知道他们在讨论什么歌曲时，我感觉与朋友的距离很远。farawayfromsb.是固定短语，意为“离某人很远〞。故填from。Ⅳ.短文改错eq\x(导学号58082311)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2022·广西自治区质检)Iusedtoseeinganoldmanseatedbesidetheroadatmywaytoschool.Whetheritwasrainingorhotoutside，andhesatthereeveryday.Whathedoeswastowaveateveryonewhopassedby.OnedayherememberedIhadabeachumbrellaathome，soIturnedaround，gettingtheumbrellaandtookittohim.Hejumpedwithjoy.Inthefollowingsixmonth，Isawhimwavingatpeopleunderanumbrella.Later，Itoldthattheoldmanhadpassedaway.HowIwishhecouldlivelonger，forhiswavingmadeeveryoneelse'sdaysmorepleasantly.答案：Iusedtoeq\o(seeing,\s\do10(see))anoldmanseatedbesidetheroadeq\o(at,\s\do1